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Isaac-Lam MF. Chlorin Conjugates in Photodynamic Chemotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:576. [PMID: 38794146 PMCID: PMC11124301 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer in women and the number of new cases in the US is still increasing each year. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which comprises 15-20% of all breast cancer, is a heterogeneous disease and is considered the most aggressive type of breast cancer due to the lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expressions for treatments. Traditional chemotherapy is the standard protocol for the treatment of TNBC. Toxicity and multidrug resistance are major drawbacks to chemotherapy. The lack of molecular targets and poor prognosis for TNBC prompts an urgent need to discover novel therapeutic strategies to improve clinical outcomes and quality of life for patients. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) or light treatment is a binary anti-cancer procedure that uses a photosensitizer (PS) that, upon light activation, produces cytotoxic oxygen species, destroying tumor cells. PDT is minimally invasive and can be repeated a few times without accumulating significant toxicity in the surrounding tissues. The primary goal of this study was to investigate in vitro photodynamic chemotherapy as a ternary combination therapy using our synthesized photosensitizers (chlorin-vitamin conjugates and their corresponding indium complexes) co-treated with known chemotherapeutic agents (taxol, doxorubicin, cisplatin, fluorouracil, or methotrexate) in the presence of light and determine the optimum conditions as a pre-clinical study of an enhanced tumoricidal effect against TNBC. Our results indicated that the best combination for an effective chemophotodynamic effect involves a ternary treatment of the indium complex of the chlorin-lipoic acid conjugate (InCLA) co-treated with taxol, which exhibited strong synergism at the nanomolar concentration when combined in the presence of visible light irradiation. Other ternary combinations containing taxol with a synergistic anti-tumor effect against TNBC include chlorin-pantothenic acid (CPA) and chlorin-biotin (CBTN) conjugates. Several other ternary combinations containing InCLA, CBTN, and CPA with either cisplatin, fluorouracil, or methotrexate were identified to generate a synergistic or additive effect. The light dosage remained constant, but the dosages of photosensitizers and chemotherapy drugs were varied to obtain the lowest possible concentration for the desired effect. The synergistic, additive or antagonistic effects of the drug combinations were determined based on the Chou-Talalay method, with InCLA-taxol having the lowest combination index (CI) of 0.25. Fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images provided evidence of apoptosis as the preferred mode of cell death. Our study demonstrated the combination of PDT and chemotherapy as a potential treatment option for TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meden F Isaac-Lam
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Purdue University Northwest, Westville, IN 46391, USA
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2
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Florance I, Cordani M, Pashootan P, Moosavi MA, Zarrabi A, Chandrasekaran N. The impact of nanomaterials on autophagy across health and disease conditions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:184. [PMID: 38630152 PMCID: PMC11024050 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05199-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy, a catabolic process integral to cellular homeostasis, is constitutively active under physiological and stress conditions. The role of autophagy as a cellular defense response becomes particularly evident upon exposure to nanomaterials (NMs), especially environmental nanoparticles (NPs) and nanoplastics (nPs). This has positioned autophagy modulation at the forefront of nanotechnology-based therapeutic interventions. While NMs can exploit autophagy to enhance therapeutic outcomes, they can also trigger it as a pro-survival response against NP-induced toxicity. Conversely, a heightened autophagy response may also lead to regulated cell death (RCD), in particular autophagic cell death, upon NP exposure. Thus, the relationship between NMs and autophagy exhibits a dual nature with therapeutic and environmental interventions. Recognizing and decoding these intricate patterns are essential for pioneering next-generation autophagy-regulating NMs. This review delves into the present-day therapeutic potential of autophagy-modulating NMs, shedding light on their status in clinical trials, intervention of autophagy in the therapeutic applications of NMs, discusses the potency of autophagy for application as early indicator of NM toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Florance
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Parya Pashootan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O Box 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Moosavi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O Box 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Natarajan Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Gamboa J, Lourenço P, Cruz C, Gallardo E. Aptamers for the Delivery of Plant-Based Compounds: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:541. [PMID: 38675202 PMCID: PMC11053555 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds have a high potential for the treatment of various conditions, including infections, inflammatory diseases, and cancer. However, they usually present poor pharmacokinetics, low specificity, and even toxicity, which limits their use. Therefore, targeted drug delivery systems, typically composed of a carrier and a targeting ligand, can enhance natural product selectivity and effectiveness. Notably, aptamers-short RNA or single-stranded DNA molecules-have gained attention as promising ligands in targeted drug delivery since they are simple to synthesize and modify, and they present high tissue permeability, stability, and a wide array of available targets. The combination of natural products, namely plant-based compounds, with a drug delivery system utilizing aptamers as targeting agents represents an emerging strategy that has the potential to broaden its applications. This review discusses the potential of aptamers as targeting agents in the delivery of natural compounds, as well as new trends and developments in their utilization in the field of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Gamboa
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (P.L.)
| | - Pedro Lourenço
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (P.L.)
| | - Carla Cruz
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (P.L.)
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês de Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Eugenia Gallardo
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (P.L.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, Universidade da Beira Interior, EM506, 6200-000 Covilhã, Portugal
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Iachettini S, Terrenato I, Porru M, Di Vito S, Rizzo A, D'Angelo C, Petti E, Dinami R, Maresca C, Di Benedetto A, Palange A, Mulè A, Santoro A, Palazzo A, Fuso P, Stoppacciaro A, Vici P, Filomeno L, Di Lisa FS, Arcuri T, Krasniqi E, Fabi A, Biroccio A, Zizza P. TRF2 as novel marker of tumor response to taxane-based therapy: from mechanistic insight to clinical implication. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:75. [PMID: 38459559 PMCID: PMC10924347 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02998-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast Cancer (BC) can be classified, due to its heterogeneity, into multiple subtypes that differ for prognosis and clinical management. Notably, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) - the most aggressive BC form - is refractory to endocrine and most of the target therapies. In this view, taxane-based therapy still represents the elective strategy for the treatment of this tumor. However, due variability in patients' response, management of TNBC still represents an unmet medical need. Telomeric Binding Factor 2 (TRF2), a key regulator of telomere integrity that is over-expressed in several tumors, including TNBC, has been recently found to plays a role in regulating autophagy, a degradative process that is involved in drug detoxification. Based on these considerations, we pointed, here, at investigating if TRF2, regulating autophagy, can affect tumor sensitivity to therapy. METHODS Human TNBC cell lines, over-expressing or not TRF2, were subjected to treatment with different taxanes and drug efficacy was tested in terms of autophagic response and cell proliferation. Autophagy was evaluated first biochemically, by measuring the levels of LC3, and then by immunofluorescence analysis of LC3-puncta positive cells. Concerning the proliferation, cells were subjected to colony formation assays associated with western blot and FACS analyses. The obtained results were then confirmed also in mouse models. Finally, the clinical relevance of our findings was established by retrospective analysis on a cohort of TNBC patients subjected to taxane-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS This study demonstrated that TRF2, inhibiting autophagy, is able to increase the sensitivity of TNBC cells to taxanes. The data, first obtained in in vitro models, were then recapitulated in preclinical mouse models and in a cohort of TNBC patients, definitively demonstrating that TRF2 over-expression enhances the efficacy of taxane-based neoadjuvant therapy in reducing tumor growth and its recurrence upon surgical intervention. CONCLUSIONS Based on our finding it is possible to conclude that TRF2, already known for its role in promoting tumor formation and progression, might represents an Achilles' heel for cancer. In this view, TRF2 might be exploited as a putative biomarker to predict the response of TNBC patients to taxane-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Iachettini
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Translational Oncology Research Unit, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Terrenato
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Porru
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Translational Oncology Research Unit, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Di Vito
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Translational Oncology Research Unit, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Rizzo
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Translational Oncology Research Unit, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen D'Angelo
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Translational Oncology Research Unit, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Petti
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Translational Oncology Research Unit, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Dinami
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Translational Oncology Research Unit, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen Maresca
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Translational Oncology Research Unit, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Di Benedetto
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Pathology Unit, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Palange
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Pathology Unit, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonino Mulè
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Santoro
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Palazzo
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Fuso
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Stoppacciaro
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Vici
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Unit of Phase IV Trials, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorena Filomeno
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Unit of Phase IV Trials, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sofia Di Lisa
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Unit of Phase IV Trials, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Arcuri
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Unit of Phase IV Trials, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, Italy
| | - Eriseld Krasniqi
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Unit of Phase IV Trials, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fabi
- Precision Medicine Unit in Senology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Annamaria Biroccio
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Translational Oncology Research Unit, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Zizza
- IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Translational Oncology Research Unit, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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Khazaei MR, Bozorgi M, Khazaei M, Moradi A, Bozorgi A. Computational and in vitro analyses on synergistic effects of paclitaxel and thymoquinone in suppressing invasive breast cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:388. [PMID: 38446390 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09328-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the present experiment, we evaluated the impact of thymoquinone (TQ) and paclitaxel (PTX) treatment on MDA-MB-231 cell line growth inhibition via controlling apoptosis/autophagy. MATERIALS AND RESULTS MDA-MB-231cells were exposed to PTX (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 nM), TQ (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 µM), and combinations for 48 h. After the MTT assessment, dose-response curves and IC50 values were calculated, and the combination synergism was evaluated using the Compusyn software. Following the treatment with PTX, TQ, and combinations at IC50 doses, the expression of apoptosis and autophagy genes was assessed in cells. The GraphPad Prism program was used to analyze the data, and Tukey's test at p < 0.05 was then run. PTX, TQ, and their combinations inhibited MDA-MB-231cell proliferation and viability dose-dependently. TQ reduced the effective concentration (IC50) of PTX in co-treatment groups. PTX and TQ showed antagonistic effects when cell proliferation declined above 70%. Antagonistic effects shifted into additive and synergistic effects upon increasing PTX concentration, indicated by diminished cell proliferation below 70%. PTX-TQ co-treatment significantly enhanced P53 and BAX expression while reducing Bcl-2 expression. Also, their combination increased Beclin-1, ATG-5, and ATG-7 expression in treated cells. CONCLUSION Effective concentrations of TQ and PTX had synergic effects and inhibited breast cancer cells via prompting apoptosis and autophagy in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rsool Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maryam Bozorgi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Azam Bozorgi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Liu X, Zhang WM, Meng N, Lin LJ, Tang GD. LARP1 knockdown inhibits cultured gastric carcinoma cell cycle progression and metastatic behavior. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220806. [PMID: 38283117 PMCID: PMC10811526 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify the role of la-related protein 1 (LARP1) in cell cycle progression and metastatic behavior of cultured gastric carcinoma (GC) cells. To do that, LARP1 expression was detected in clinical GC tissues and cell lines using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. The cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, invasion, and cell growth were examined using a Cell Counting Kit-8, Annexin V-FITC staining, propidium iodide staining, Transwell migration and invasion assays, and colony formation assays after LARP1 knockdown. Phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and AKT1 mRNA and protein expression levels of PI3K, p-AKT1, AKT1, p-BAD, p-mTOR, and p21 in si-LARP1 transfected GC cells were determined using qRT-PCR and western blotting. Here, we've shown that LARP1 expression was upregulated in human GC tissues and KATO III cells. LARP1 knockdown inhibited GC cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration, invasion, and colony formation and promoted apoptosis. In si-LARP1-transfected KATO III cells, the mRNA expression levels of PI3K and AKT1, PI3K protein expression, and the p-AKT1/AKT1 ratio were significantly suppressed. p-mTOR and p-BAD were significantly decreased, whereas p21 was significantly increased in si-LARP1-transfected KATO III cells. In conclusion LARP1 knockdown induces apoptosis and inhibits cell cycle progression and metastatic behavior via PI3K/AKT1 signaling in GC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuming Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530199, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Ming Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Wuming Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530199, P. R. China
| | - Nuo Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China
| | - Lian-Jie Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Du Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China
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Xu PP, Wu J, Zhang J, Yu TY, Wang YB. Paclitaxel may inhibit migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells via nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3/caspase-1/Gasdermin E mediated pyroptosis pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14325. [PMID: 37907334 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a gastric epithelium-derived malignancy insensitive to post-surgical radiotherapy. Paclitaxel, an anti-microtubule drug, has been proven to induce apoptosis of GC cells; however, its exact mechanism of action is unclear. Therefore, the molecular mechanism by which paclitaxel inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells was investigated in this study. First off, SNU-719 cells were co-cultured with paclitaxel and/or Caspase1 inhibitor VX765. Then the proliferation ability of the cells was detected by MTT after paclitaxel treatment (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 nM), the migration ability by scratch assay, and the invasion ability by Transwell assay. Next, the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 in cell culture supernatant were detected by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). And the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the supernatant was measured by a corresponding kit. Finally, western blot was performed to detect the concentrations of Gasdermin E (GSDME), GSDME-N, nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, cleaved caspase-1 protein in GC cells. As a result, paclitaxel inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SNU-719 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, it induced the pyroptosis of SNU-719 cells. After cell co-culture with VX765 paclitaxel showed decreased inhibitory effect on the migration and invasion of SNU-719 cells. VX765, additionally, suppressed the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDME mediated pyroptosis pathway activated by paclitaxel. In a nutshell, paclitaxel may inhibit the migration and invasion of GC cells SNU-719 through the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDME mediated pyroptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Peng Xu
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University. Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jin Zhou Medical University. Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jin Zhou Medical University. Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jin Zhou Medical University. Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Tian-Yue Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jin Zhou Medical University. Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu-Bin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jin Zhou Medical University. Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
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Gielecińska A, Kciuk M, Yahya EB, Ainane T, Mujwar S, Kontek R. Apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis as alternative cell death pathways induced by chemotherapeutic agents? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189024. [PMID: 37980943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
For decades, common chemotherapeutic drugs have been established to trigger apoptosis, the preferred immunologically "silent" form of cell death. The primary objective of this review was to show that various FDA-approved chemotherapeutic drugs, including cisplatin, cyclosporine, doxorubicin, etoposide, 5-fluorouracil, gemcitabine, paclitaxel, or vinblastine can trigger necroptosis and pyroptosis. We aimed to provide the advantages and disadvantages of the induction of the given type of cell death by chemotherapeutical agents. Moreover, we give a short overview of the molecular mechanism of each type of cell death and indicate the existing crosstalks between cell death types. Finally, we provide a comparison of cell death types to facilitate the exploration of cell death types induced by other chemotherapeutical agents. Understanding the cell death pathway induced by a drug can lessen side effects and assist the discovery of new combinations with synergistic effects and low systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gielecińska
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Banacha St. 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; University of Lodz, Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Banacha Street 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - M Kciuk
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Banacha St. 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - E-B Yahya
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, University Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - T Ainane
- Superior School of Technology of Khenifra, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, P.O. Box 170, Khenifra 54000, Morocco
| | - S Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - R Kontek
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Banacha St. 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
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Bai Z, Zhou Y, Peng Y, Ye X, Ma L. Perspectives and mechanisms for targeting mitotic catastrophe in cancer treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188965. [PMID: 37625527 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Mitotic catastrophe is distinct from other cell death modes due to unique nuclear alterations characterized as multi and/or micronucleation. Mitotic catastrophe is a common and virtually unavoidable consequence during cancer therapy. However, a comprehensive understanding of mitotic catastrophe remains lacking. Herein, we summarize the anticancer drugs that induce mitotic catastrophe, including microtubule-targeting agents, spindle assembly checkpoint kinase inhibitors, DNA damage agents and DNA damage response inhibitors. Based on the relationships between mitotic catastrophe and other cell death modes, we thoroughly evaluated the roles played by mitotic catastrophe in cancer treatment as well as its advantages and disadvantages. Some strategies for overcoming its shortcomings while fully utilizing its advantages are summarized and proposed in this review. We also review how mitotic catastrophe regulates cancer immunotherapy. These summarized findings suggest that the induction of mitotic catastrophe can serve as a promising new therapeutic approach for overcoming apoptosis resistance and strengthening cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoshi Bai
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Yiran Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yaling Peng
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Xinyue Ye
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Lingman Ma
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China.
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Bow YD, Ko CC, Chang WT, Chou SY, Hung CT, Huang JL, Tseng CH, Chen YL, Li RN, Chiu CC. A novel quinoline derivative, DFIQ, sensitizes NSCLC cells to ferroptosis by promoting oxidative stress accompanied by autophagic dysfunction and mitochondrial damage. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:171. [PMID: 37587444 PMCID: PMC10433610 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02984-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of nonapoptotic programmed cell death inducers as anticancer agents has emerged as a cancer therapy field. Ferroptosis, ferrous ion-driven programmed cell death that is induced by redox imbalance and dysfunctional reactive oxygen species (ROS) clearance, is triggered during sorafenib and PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. DFIQ, a quinoline derivative, promotes apoptosis by disrupting autophagic flux and promoting ROS accumulation. Our pilot experiments suggest that DFIQ participates in ferroptosis sensitization. Thus, in this study, we aimed to reveal the mechanisms of DFIQ in ferroptosis sensitization and evaluate the clinical potential of DFIQ. METHODS We treated the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines H1299, A549, and H460 with the ferroptosis inducer (FI) DFIQ and analyzed viability, protein expression, ROS generation, and fluorescence staining at different time points. Colocalization analysis was performed with ImageJ. RESULTS DFIQ sensitized cells to FIs such as erastin and RSL3, resulting in a decrease in IC50 of at least 0.5-fold. Measurement of ROS accumulation to explore the underlying mechanism indicated that DFIQ and FIs treatment promoted ROS accumulation and SOD1/SOD2 switching. Mitochondria, known ROS sources, produced high ROS levels during DFIQ/FI treatment. RSL3 treatment promoted mitochondrial damage and mitophagy, an autophagy-associated mitochondrial recycling system, and cotreatment with DFIQ induced accumulation of mitochondrial proteins, which indicated disruption of mitophagic flux. Thus, autophagic flux was measured in cells cotreated with DFIQ. DFIQ treatment was found to disrupt autophagic flux, leading to accumulation of damaged mitochondria and eventually inducing ferroptosis. Furthermore, the influence of DFIQ on the effects of clinical FIs, such as sorafenib, was evaluated, and DFIQ was discovered to sensitize NSCLC cells to sorafenib and promote ferroptosis. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that DFIQ not only promotes NSCLC apoptosis but also sensitizes cells to ferroptosis by disrupting autophagic flux, leading to accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria and thus to ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a novel therapeutic target in cancer therapy. DFIQ shows the potential to enhance the effects of FIs in NSCLC and act as a potential therapeutic adjuvant in ferroptosis-mediated therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Ding Bow
- PhD Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chung Ko
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, 71710, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tsan Chang
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Sih-Yan Chou
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Tzu Hung
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Ling Huang
- Department of Bioscience Technology, College of Health Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, 71101, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hua Tseng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yeh-Long Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Ruei-Nian Li
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environment Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei, 11571, Taiwan.
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11
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Kleczka A, Dzik R, Kabała-Dzik A. Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) Synergistically Enhances Paclitaxel Activity in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:5813. [PMID: 37570782 PMCID: PMC10420888 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) belongs to the phenols found in propolis. It has already shown strong antiproliferative, cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activities against head and neck cancers and against breast, colorectal, lung and leukemia cancer cells. Ovarian cancer is one of the most dangerous gynecological cancers. Its treatment involves intensive chemotherapy with platinum salts and paclitaxel (PTX). The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the combined use of CAPE and paclitaxel increases the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents. The experiment was performed on three ovarian cancer lines: OV7, HTB78, and CRL1572. The effect of the tested compounds was assessed using H-E staining, a wound-healing test, MTT and the cell death detection ELISAPLUS test. The experiment proved that very low doses of PTX (10 nM) showed a cytotoxic effect against all the cell lines tested. Also, the selected doses of CAPE had a cytotoxic effect on the tested ovarian cancer cells. An increase in the cytotoxic effect was observed in the OV7 line after the simultaneous administration of 10 nM PTX and 100 µM CAPE. The increase in the cytotoxicity was dependent on the CAPE dosage (50 vs. 100 µM) and on the duration of the experiment. In the other cell lines tested, the cytotoxic effect of PTX did not increase after the CAPE administration. The administration of PTX together with CAPE increased the percentage of apoptotic cells in the tested ovarian cancer cell lines. Moreover, the simultaneous administration of PTX and CAPE enhanced the anti-migration activity of the chemotherapeutic used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kleczka
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Ostrogórska 30, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
| | - Radosław Dzik
- Department of Biosensors and Processing of Biomedical Signals, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Agata Kabała-Dzik
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Ostrogórska 30, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
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12
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D'Iglio C, Famulari S, Capparucci F, Gervasi C, Cuzzocrea S, Spanò N, Di Paola D. Toxic Effects of Gemcitabine and Paclitaxel Combination: Chemotherapy Drugs Exposure in Zebrafish. TOXICS 2023; 11:544. [PMID: 37368644 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are widely recognized as potentially hazardous to aquatic ecosystems. In the last two decades, the constant intake of biologically active chemicals used in human healthcare has been related to the growing release of these agents into natural environments. As reported by several studies, various pharmaceuticals have been detected, mainly in surface water (seas, lakes, and rivers), but also in groundwater and drinking water. Moreover, these contaminants and their metabolites can show biological activity even at very low concentrations. This study aimed to evaluate the developmental toxicity of exposure to the chemotherapy drugs gemcitabine and paclitaxel in aquatic environments. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to doses of gemcitabine 15 μM in combination with paclitaxel 1 μM from 0 to 96 h post-fertilization (hpf) using a fish embryo toxicity test (FET). This study highlights that both gemcitabine and paclitaxel exposure at single non-toxic concentrations affected survival and hatching rate, morphology score, and body length after exposure in combination. Additionally, exposure significantly disturbed the antioxidant defense system and increased ROS in zebrafish larvae. Gemcitabine and paclitaxel exposure caused changes in the expression of inflammation-related, endoplasmic reticulum stress-related (ERS), and autophagy-related genes. Taken together, our findings underline that gemcitabine and paclitaxel increase developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos in a time-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio D'Iglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Sergio Famulari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Fabiano Capparucci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Claudio Gervasi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 S. Grand Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Nunziacarla Spanò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Di Paola
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
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13
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Cordani M, Condello M, Meschini S, Strippoli R. Editorial: Autophagy modulation in cancer treatment utilizing nanomaterials and nanocarriers. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1217401. [PMID: 37346074 PMCID: PMC10280287 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1217401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Condello
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Meschini
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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14
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Hu Q, Li Z, Li Y, Deng X, Chen Y, Ma X, Zeng J, Zhao Y. Natural products targeting signaling pathways associated with regulated cell death in gastric cancer: Recent advances and perspectives. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 37157181 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most serious gastrointestinal malignancies with high morbidity and mortality. The complexity of GC process lies in the multi-phenotypic linkage regulation, in which regulatory cell death (RCD) is the core link, which largely dominates the fate of GC cells and becomes a key determinant of GC development and prognosis. In recent years, increasing evidence has been reported that natural products can prevent and inhibit the development of GC by regulating RCDs, showing great therapeutic potential. In order to further clarify its key regulatory characteristics, this review focused on specific expressions of RCDs, combined with a variety of signaling pathways and their crosstalk characteristics, sorted out the key targets and action rules of natural products targeting RCD. It is highlighted that a variety of core biological pathways and core targets are involved in the decision of GC cell fate, including the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, MAPK-related signaling pathways, p53 signaling pathway, ER stress, Caspase-8, gasdermin D (GSDMD), and so on. Moreover, natural products target the crosstalk of different RCDs by modulating above signaling pathways. Taken together, these findings suggest that targeting various RCDs in GC with natural products is a promising strategy, providing a reference for further clarifying the molecular mechanism of natural products treating GC, which warrants further investigations in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yubing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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15
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Alhaj-Suliman SO, Naguib YW, Wafa EI, Saha S, Ebeid K, Meng X, Mohammed HH, Abuo-Rahma GEDA, Yang S, Salem AK. A ciprofloxacin derivative with four mechanisms of action overcomes paclitaxel resistance in p53-mutant and MDR1 gene-expressing type II human endometrial cancer. Biomaterials 2023; 296:122093. [PMID: 36965280 PMCID: PMC10092294 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the p53 gene and the presence of the MDR1 gene are associated with many malignant tumors including endometrial cancer and are responsible for cancer therapeutic resistance and poor survival. Thus, there is a critical need to devise novel combinatorial therapies with multiple mechanisms of action to overcome drug resistance. Here, we report a new ciprofloxacin derivative (CIP2b) tested either alone or in combination with taxanes against four human endometrial cancer cell lines. In vitro studies revealed that a combination of paclitaxel + CIP2b had synergistic cytotoxic effects against MDR1-expressing type-II human endometrial cancer cells with loss-of-function p53 (Hec50co LOFp53). Enhanced antitumor effects were confirmed by substantial increases in caspase-3 expression, cell population shifts toward the G2/M phase, and reduction of cdc2 phosphorylation. It was found that CIP2b targets multiple pathways including the inhibition of MDR1, topoisomerase I, and topoisomerase II, as well as enhancing the effects of paclitaxel (PTX) on microtubule assembly. In vivo treatment with the combination of PTX + CIP2b also led to significantly increased accumulation of PTX in tumors (compared to CIP2b alone) and reduction in tumor growth. Enhanced in vivo cytotoxic effects were confirmed by histological and immunohistochemical examination of the tumor tissues. Complete blood count and blood biochemistry data confirmed the absence of any apparent off-target toxicity. Thus, combination therapy involving PTX and CIP2b targeted multiple pathways and represents an approach that could result in improved tolerance and efficacy in patients with type-II endometrial cancer harboring the MDR1 gene and p53 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhaila O Alhaj-Suliman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, 52242, United States
| | - Youssef W Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, 52242, United States; Departments of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Emad I Wafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, 52242, United States
| | - Sanjib Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, 52242, United States
| | - Kareem Ebeid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, 52242, United States; Departments of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Xiangbing Meng
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, United States
| | - Hamada H Mohammed
- Departments of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Gamal El-Din A Abuo-Rahma
- Departments of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Shujie Yang
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, United States
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, 52242, United States.
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16
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Ramezanpour A, Ansari L, Rahimkhoei V, Sharifi S, Bigham A, Lighvan ZM, Rezaie J, Szafert S, Mahdavinia G, Akbari A, Jabbari E. Recent advances in carbohydrate-based paclitaxel delivery systems. Polym Bull (Berl) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-023-04759-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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17
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Hu W, Zheng W, Du J, Tian Z, Zhao Y, Zhao P, Li J. TIPE2 sensitizes breast cancer cells to paclitaxel by suppressing drug-induced autophagy and cancer stem cell properties. Hum Cell 2023:10.1007/s13577-023-00900-y. [PMID: 36964413 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00900-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a great obstacle to the clinical application of paclitaxel (PTX) in breast cancer treatment. Chemoresistance can be either primary or acquired. Multifarious factors are related to drug resistance. Among these factors, drug-induced autophagy has been shown to contribute to acquired chemoresistance in cancer cells. Additionally, cancer stem cells (CSCs) drive primary chemoresistance. Recent advances regarding TIPE2 demonstrate that TIPE2 enhances osteosarcoma and non-small cell lung cancer cell sensitivity to cisplatin. However, the role of TIPE2 in PTX resistance in breast cancer cells has not been elucidated. Here, the in vitro and in vivo study demonstrated that TIPE2 sensitized breast cancer cells to PTX by suppressing drug-induced autophagy and CSC properties. Mechanistically, we found that TIPE2 activated the AKT/mTOR signalling pathway and inhibited the TAK1/MAPK signalling pathway to suppress drug-induced autophagy. Moreover, TIPE2 inhibited TAK1/NF-κB activation to reduce breast CSC properties. Collectively, our results first elucidated the inhibitory role of TIPE2 in breast cancer chemoresistance. Thus, TIPE2 may be a new target for breast cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiang Zheng
- Center of Translational Medicine, Affiliated Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Du
- Center of Translational Medicine, Affiliated Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaobing Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zibo Cancer Hospital, Zibo, 255067, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiqing Zhao
- Center of Translational Medicine, Affiliated Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Junsheng Li
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Salzillo A, Ragone A, Spina A, Naviglio S, Sapio L. Forskolin affects proliferation, migration and Paclitaxel-mediated cytotoxicity in non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines via adenylyl cyclase/cAMP axis. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151292. [PMID: 36736051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is considered one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the undoubted therapeutic advances that have occurred in clinical practice over time, due to its high degree in both heterogeneity and resistance, NSCLC remains largely incurable. As a natural cAMP elevating agent, Forskolin has shown anti-cancer properties in different tumor types, thus supposing its possible usage in treating malignancies. In this study, we investigated the Forskolin outcome in H1299 and A549 NSCLC cell lines, either alone or in combination with Paclitaxel. We proved that Forskolin impairs cell growth and migration ability of these cells, concurrently. Albeit with a different extent between H1299 and A549, changes in cell-cycle progression and epithelial-mesenchymal markers were observed in response to Forskolin administration. Interestingly, comparable cell growth impairment was also obtained with the cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor IBMX, while the employment of adenylyl cyclase inhibitor SQ22536 counteracted, at least in part, the Forskolin-mediated anticancer effects. Besides as a single agent, we also demonstrated that Forskolin strongly enhances Paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity, affecting cell death mainly via apoptosis induction. Notably, H89-mediated protein kinase A (PKA) inhibition further deteriorated the combination outcome. Altogether, our data designate Forskolin as a possible anticancer molecule in NSCLC, and recognize the adenylyl cyclase/cAMP axis as one of the pathways involved in. Although achieved at preclinical stage, our findings encourage the design of future studies aimed at further exploring the Forskolin employment in NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Salzillo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Ragone
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Spina
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Silvio Naviglio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - Luigi Sapio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) Therapy Concomitant with Taxanes for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030636. [PMID: 36765594 PMCID: PMC9913762 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and pancreatic cancer all present with high morbidity and mortality. Systemic chemotherapies have historically been the cornerstone of standard of care (SOC) regimens for many cancers, but are associated with systemic toxicity. Multimodal treatment combinations can help improve patient outcomes; however, implementation is limited by additive toxicities and potential drug-drug interactions. As such, there is a high unmet need to develop additional therapies to enhance the efficacy of SOC treatments without increasing toxicity. Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are electric fields that exert physical forces to disrupt cellular processes critical for cancer cell viability and tumor progression. The therapy is locoregional and is delivered noninvasively to the tumor site via a portable medical device that consists of field generator and arrays that are placed on the patient's skin. As a noninvasive treatment modality, TTFields therapy-related adverse events mainly consist of localized skin reactions, which are manageable with effective acute and prophylactic treatments. TTFields selectively target cancer cells through a multi-mechanistic approach without affecting healthy cells and tissues. Therefore, the application of TTFields therapy concomitant with other cancer treatments may lead to enhanced efficacy, with low risk of further systemic toxicity. In this review, we explore TTFields therapy concomitant with taxanes in both preclinical and clinical settings. The summarized data suggest that TTFields therapy concomitant with taxanes may be beneficial in the treatment of certain cancers.
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Cannabidiol as Self-Assembly Inducer for Anticancer Drug-Based Nanoparticles. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010112. [PMID: 36615306 PMCID: PMC9822096 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a biologically active compound present in the plants of the Cannabis family, used as anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, anti-anxiety, and more recently, anticancer drug. In this work, its use as a new self-assembly inducer in the formation of nanoparticles is validated. The target conjugates are characterized by the presence of different anticancer drugs (namely N-desacetyl thiocolchicine, podophyllotoxin, and paclitaxel) connected to CBD through a linker able to improve drug release. These nanoparticles are formed via solvent displacement method, resulting in monodisperse and stable structures having hydrodynamic diameters ranging from 160 to 400 nm. Their biological activity is evaluated on three human tumor cell lines (MSTO-211H, HT-29, and HepG2), obtaining GI50 values in the low micromolar range. Further biological assays were carried out on MSTO-211H cells for the most effective NP 8B, confirming the involvement of paclitaxel in cytotoxicity and cell death mechanism.
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Huang Y, Wang X, Hu R, Pan G, Lin X. SOX2 regulates paclitaxel resistance of A549 non‑small cell lung cancer cells via promoting transcription of ClC‑3. Oncol Rep 2022; 48:181. [PMID: 36069232 PMCID: PMC9478990 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is widely used in the treatment of non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, acquired PTX drug resistance is a major obstacle to its therapeutic efficacy and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. The present study revealed a novel role of the SRY‑box transcription factor 2 (SOX2)‑chloride voltage‑gated channel‑3 (ClC‑3) axis in PTX resistance of A549 NSCLC cells. The expression levels of SOX2 and ClC‑3 were upregulated in PTX‑resistant A549 NSCLC cells by RT‑qPCR and western blotting. The drug resistance to PTX of A549 NSCLC cells were measured by detecting the cell viability and the expression of drug resistance markers. Knockdown of SOX2 or ClC‑3 effectively decreased PTX resistance of A549 NSCLC cells, whereas SOX2 or ClC‑3 overexpression promoted PTX resistance. Mechanistically, SOX2 bound to the promoter of ClC‑3 and enhanced the transcriptional activation of ClC‑3 expression by CUT&Tag assays, CUT&Tag qPCR and luciferase reporter. In summary, the present findings defined ClC‑3 as an important downstream effector of SOX2 and ClC‑3 and SOX2 contributed to PTX resistance. Targeting SOX2 and its downstream effector ClC‑3 increased the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to PTX treatment, which provided potential therapeutic strategies for patients with NSCLC with PTX resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Rendong Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Guopeng Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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22
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Zhao S, Tang Y, Wang R, Najafi M. Mechanisms of cancer cell death induction by paclitaxel: an updated review. Apoptosis 2022; 27:647-667. [PMID: 35849264 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01750-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemoresistance of cancer cells is a major problem in treating cancer. Knowledge of how cancer cells may die or resist cancer drugs is critical to providing certain strategies to overcome tumour resistance to treatment. Paclitaxel is known as a chemotherapy drug that can suppress the proliferation of cancer cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and induction of mitotic catastrophe. However, today, it is well known that paclitaxel can induce multiple kinds of cell death in cancers. Besides the induction of mitotic catastrophe that occurs during mitosis, paclitaxel has been shown to induce the expression of several pro-apoptosis mediators. It also can modulate the activity of anti-apoptosis mediators. However, certain cell-killing mechanisms such as senescence and autophagy can increase resistance to paclitaxel. This review focuses on the mechanisms of cell death, including apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe, senescence, autophagic cell death, pyroptosis, etc., following paclitaxel treatment. In addition, mechanisms of resistance to cell death due to exposure to paclitaxel and the use of combinations to overcome drug resistance will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan, China.
| | - Yufei Tang
- College of Medical Technology, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan, China
| | - Ruohan Wang
- School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan, China.
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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23
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Kim S, Leem J, Oh JS, Kim JS. Cytotoxicity of 9,10-Phenanthrenequinone Impairs Mitotic Progression and Spindle Assembly Independent of ROS Production in HeLa Cells. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10060327. [PMID: 35736935 PMCID: PMC9227850 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10060327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon quinone derivative 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (9,10-PQ) is one of the most abundant and toxic components found in diesel exhaust particles (DEPs). These DEPs are created during diesel fuel combustion and are considered the main source of urban air pollution. As 9,10-PQ can produce excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) through redox cycling, it has been shown to exert potent cytotoxic effects against various cell types. However, the mechanisms underlying this cytotoxicity remain unclear. In this study, we showed that 9,10-PQ exerts cytotoxicity by impairing mitotic progression and spindle assembly in HeLa cells. Exposure to 9,10-PQ impaired spindle assembly and chromosome alignment, resulting in delayed mitotic entry and progression in HeLa cells. Furthermore, 9,10-PQ exposure decreased the CEP192 and p-Aurora A levels at the spindle poles. Notably, these mitotic defects induced by 9,10-PQ were not rescued by scavenging ROS, implying the ROS-independent activity of 9,10-PQ. Therefore, our results provide the first evidence that 9,10-PQ exerts its cytotoxicity through specific inhibition of mitotic progression and spindle assembly, independent of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea;
| | - Jiyeon Leem
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Jeong Su Oh
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.S.O.); (J.-S.K.)
| | - Jae-Sung Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.S.O.); (J.-S.K.)
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24
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Egorshina AY, Zamaraev AV, Kaminskyy VO, Radygina TV, Zhivotovsky B, Kopeina GS. Necroptosis as a Novel Facet of Mitotic Catastrophe. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073733. [PMID: 35409093 PMCID: PMC8998610 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitotic catastrophe is a defensive mechanism that promotes elimination of cells with aberrant mitosis by triggering the cell-death pathways and/or cellular senescence. Nowadays, it is known that apoptosis, autophagic cell death, and necrosis could be consequences of mitotic catastrophe. Here, we demonstrate the ability of a DNA-damaging agent, doxorubicin, at 600 nM concentration to stimulate mitotic catastrophe. We observe that the inhibition of caspase activity leads to accumulation of cells with mitotic catastrophe hallmarks in which RIP1-dependent necroptotic cell death is triggered. The suppression of autophagy by a chemical inhibitor or ATG13 knockout upregulates RIP1 phosphorylation and promotes necroptotic cell death. Thus, in certain conditions mitotic catastrophe, in addition to apoptosis and autophagy, can precede necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Yu. Egorshina
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Y.E.); (A.V.Z.); (B.Z.)
| | - Alexey V. Zamaraev
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Y.E.); (A.V.Z.); (B.Z.)
| | - Vitaliy O. Kaminskyy
- Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, P.O. Box 210, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Tatiana V. Radygina
- Federal State Autonomous Institution “National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119296 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Y.E.); (A.V.Z.); (B.Z.)
- Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, P.O. Box 210, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Gelina S. Kopeina
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.Y.E.); (A.V.Z.); (B.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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Wu C, Wu T, Chen D, Wei S, Tang W, Xue L, Xiong J, Huang Y, Guo Y, Chen Y, Wu M, Wang S. The effects and mechanism of taxanes on chemotherapy-associated ovarian damage: A review of current evidence. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1025018. [PMID: 36531475 PMCID: PMC9756165 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1025018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is often a cause of premature ovarian insufficiency and infertility since the ovarian follicles are extremely sensitive to the effects of chemotherapeutic agents. Different chemotherapeutic agents with varying mechanisms of action may damage ovarian function differently. Taxanes are widely used in clinical cancer treatment, but the specific reproductive toxicological information is still controversial. This review described the impact and duration of taxanes on ovarian function in women and analyzed the possible reasons for different conclusions. Furthermore, the toxicity of taxanes on ovarian function and its possible mechanisms were discussed. The potential protective strategies and agents against ovarian damage induced by taxanes are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuqing Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Simin Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weicheng Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liru Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaqiang Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yibao Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yican Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Shixuan Wang, ; Meng Wu,
| | - Shixuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Shixuan Wang, ; Meng Wu,
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