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Scott PJ, Penuelas I, Rey A, Aime S, Ambikalmajan PMR, Antunes IF, Cleeren F, Liu Z, Ellis B, Kahts M, Ekoume FP, Chaple IF, Bernardes E, Behe M, Huang YY, Mikolajczak R, Furumoto S, Elrefaei A, Kopka K. Highlight selection of radiochemistry and radiopharmacy developments by editorial board. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2024; 9:67. [PMID: 39283414 PMCID: PMC11405612 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-024-00296-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Editorial Board of EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry releases a biannual highlight commentary to update the readership on trends in the field of radiopharmaceutical development. MAIN BODY This selection of highlights provides commentary on 19 different topics selected by each coauthoring Editorial Board member addressing a variety of aspects ranging from novel radiochemistry to first-in-human application of novel radiopharmaceuticals. CONCLUSION Trends in radiochemistry and radiopharmacy are highlighted. Hot topics cover the entire scope of EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry, demonstrating the progress in the research field in many aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Rey
- Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Beverley Ellis
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Maryke Kahts
- Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, South Africa
| | | | - Ivis F Chaple
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, USA
| | | | - Martin Behe
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Ya-Yao Huang
- Primo Biotechnology Co. Ltd. Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Renata Mikolajczak
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Otwock, Poland
| | - Shozo Furumoto
- Research Center for Accelerator and Radioisotope Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Amal Elrefaei
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technical University Dresden (TUD), Dresden, Germany.
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Cieslik PA, Klingler S, Nolff M, Holland JP. Radiolabelled 177 Lu-Bispidine-Trastuzumab for Targeting Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Positive Cancers. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303805. [PMID: 38064536 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is a promising alternative to conventional treatment options. Here, we present experimental work on the synthesis, radiochemistry, and in vivo performance of a lanthanoid-selective nonadentate bispidine ligand suitable for 177 Lu3+ ion complexation. The ligand (bisp,1) was derivatised with a photoactivatable aryl azide (ArN3 ) group as a bioconjugation handle for light-induced labelling of proteins. Quantitative radiosynthesis of [177 Lu]Lu-1+ was accomplished in 10 minutes at 40 °C. Subsequent incubation of [177 Lu]Lu-1+ with trastuzumab, followed by irradiation with light at 365 nm for 15 min, at room temperature and pH 8.0-8.3, gave the radiolabelled mAb, [177 Lu]Lu-1-azepin-trastuzumab ([177 Lu]Lu-1-mAb) in a decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 14 %, and radiochemical purity (RCP)>90 %. Stability studies and cellular binding assays in vitro using the SK-OV-3 human ovarian cancer cells confirmed that [177 Lu]Lu-1-mAb remained biological active and displayed specific binding to HER2/neu. Experiments in immunocompromised female athymic nude mice bearing subcutaneous xenograft models of SK-OV-3 tumours revealed significantly higher tumour uptake in the normal group compared with the control block group (29.8±11.4 %ID g-1 vs. 14.8±6.1 %ID g-1 , respectively; P-value=0.037). The data indicate that bispidine-based ligand systems are suitable starting points for constructing novel, high-denticity chelators for specific complexation of larger radiotheranostic metal ion nuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Cieslik
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Klingler
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mirja Nolff
- Klinik für Kleintierchirurgie, Vetsuisse-Fakultät, University of Zurich, Wintherturerstrasse 260, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jason P Holland
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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Rivas M, Debnath S, Giri S, Noffel YM, Sun X, Gevorgyan V. One-Pot Formal Carboradiofluorination of Alkenes: A Toolkit for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Probe Development. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19265-19273. [PMID: 37625118 PMCID: PMC10760797 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
We report the first one-pot formal alkene carboradiofluorination reaction employing easily accessible alkenes as both prosthetic group precursors and coupling partners. The methodology features rapid sequential Markovnikov-selective iodofluorination and photoinduced Pd(0/I/II)-catalyzed alkyl Heck reaction as a mild and robust fluorine-18 (18F) radiochemical approach for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging probe development. A new class of prosthetic groups for PET imaging probe synthesis was isolated as iodofluorinated intermediates in moderate to excellent yields. The one-pot formal alkenylfluorination reaction was carried out to produce over 30 analogues of a wide range of bioactive molecules. Further application of the Pd(0/I/II) manifold in PET probe development was illustrated by the direct carbo(radio)fluorination of electron-rich alkenes. The methods were successfully translated to radiolabel a broad scope of medicinally relevant small molecules in generally good radiochemical conversion. The protocol was further optimized to accommodate no-carrier-added conditions with similar efficiency for future (pre)clinical translation. Moreover, the radiosynthesis of prosthetic groups was automated in a radiochemistry module to facilitate its practical use in multistep radiochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Rivas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Sashi Debnath
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Sachin Giri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Yusuf M Noffel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Xiankai Sun
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
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Earley D, Guillou A, Klingler S, Fay R, Gut M, d’Orchymont F, Behmaneshfar S, Reichert L, Holland JP. Charting the Chemical and Mechanistic Scope of Light-Triggered Protein Ligation. JACS AU 2022; 2:646-664. [PMID: 35373206 PMCID: PMC8970001 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The creation of discrete, covalent bonds between a protein and a functional molecule like a drug, fluorophore, or radiolabeled complex is essential for making state-of-the-art tools that find applications in basic science and clinical medicine. Photochemistry offers a unique set of reactive groups that hold potential for the synthesis of protein conjugates. Previous studies have demonstrated that photoactivatable desferrioxamine B (DFO) derivatives featuring a para-substituted aryl azide (ArN3) can be used to produce viable zirconium-89-radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies (89Zr-mAbs) for applications in noninvasive diagnostic positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of cancers. Here, we report on the synthesis, 89Zr-radiochemistry, and light-triggered photoradiosynthesis of 89Zr-labeled human serum albumin (HSA) using a series of 14 different photoactivatable DFO derivatives. The photoactive groups explore a range of substituted, and isomeric ArN3 reagents, as well as derivatives of benzophenone, a para-substituted trifluoromethyl phenyl diazirine, and a tetrazole species. For the compounds studied, efficient photochemical activation occurs inside the UVA-to-visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum (∼365-450 nm) and the photochemical reactions with HSA in water were complete within 15 min under ambient conditions. Under standardized experimental conditions, photoradiosynthesis with compounds 1-14 produced the corresponding 89ZrDFO-PEG3-HSA conjugates with decay-corrected isolated radiochemical yields between 18.1 ± 1.8% and 62.3 ± 3.6%. Extensive density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to explore the reaction mechanisms and chemoselectivity of the light-induced bimolecular conjugation of compounds 1-14 to protein. The photoactivatable DFO-derivatives operate by at least five distinct mechanisms, each producing a different type of bioconjugate bond. Overall, the experimental and computational work presented here confirms that photochemistry is a viable option for making diverse, functionalized protein conjugates.
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Earley DF, Esteban Flores J, Guillou A, Holland JP. Photoactivatable bis(thiosemicarbazone) derivatives for copper-64 radiotracer synthesis. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:5041-5052. [PMID: 35285835 PMCID: PMC8962981 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00209d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, copper-64 and copper-67 have been considered as a useful theranostic pair in nuclear medicine, due to their favourable and complementary decay properties. As 67Cu and 64Cu are chemically identical, development of both existing and new bifunctional chelators for 64Cu imaging agents can be readily adapted for the 67Cu-radionuclide. In this study, we explored the use of photoactivatable copper chelators based on the asymmetric bis(thiosemicarbazone) scaffold, H2ATSM/en, for the photoradiolabelling of protein. Photoactivatable 64CuATSM-derivatives were prepared by both direct synthesis and transmetallation from the corresponding natZn complex. Then, irradiation with UV light in the presence of a protein of interest in a pH buffered aqueous solution afforded the 64Cu-labelled protein conjugates in decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 86.9 ± 1.0% via the transmetallation method and 35.3 ± 1.7% from the direct radiolabelling method. This study successfully demonstrates the viability of photochemically induced conjugation methods for the development of copper-based radiotracers for potential applications in diagnostic positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and targeted radionuclide therapy. In recent years, copper-64 and copper-67 have been considered as a useful theranostic pair in nuclear medicine. Here, we report a photochemically-mediated approach for radiolabelling biologically relevant protein with copper radionuclides.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Earley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jose Esteban Flores
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Amaury Guillou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jason P Holland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Guillou A, Ouadi A, Holland JP. Heptadentate chelates for 89Zr-radiolabelling of monoclonal antibodies. Inorg Chem Front 2022; 9:3071-3081. [PMID: 35770072 PMCID: PMC9196204 DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00442a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Zirconium complexation chemistry is an important area of research in the context of developing radiolabelled proteins for applications in diagnostic positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Herein, we report the synthesis...
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaury Guillou
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland +41.44.63.53.990 https://www.hollandlab.org
| | - Ali Ouadi
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 F-67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Jason P Holland
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland +41.44.63.53.990 https://www.hollandlab.org
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