1
|
Moore HTA, Sampaio A, Pinal D. Age differences in the principal temporo-spatial components of EEG activity during a proactive interference task. Biol Psychol 2024; 191:108828. [PMID: 38885893 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Proactive interference (PI) is the disruptive effect of no longer relevant information on current working memory (WM) processing. PI effects in EEG data have been previously found to be altered in healthy aging, although it remains unclear the extent to which such changes reflect delayed or different brain mechanisms employed to overcome PI. Hence, we had twenty-six young (18-34 years) and sixteen old (53-68 years) healthy adults complete a Recent Probes task while EEG was recorded. Compared to young adults, old adults were slower, less accurate and less able to discriminate when they last saw a given stimulus, but PI effects on reaction time were greater in the former, likely due to a general difficulty that old adults had in the task. Temporo-spatial principal component analysis of the EEG data showed young and older adults to differ in terms of temporal and spatial characteristics of brain activity associated with resolving PI. YA showed a factor indicative of a medial frontal negativity (MFN) that showed greater amplitude in low compared to high PI trials. OA, in contrast, showed a late positive component (LPC), although similarly with larger amplitude in low compared to high PI trials. The modulation of the MFN component in YA may reflect the recruitment of cognitive control to overcome PI. The modulation of the LPC in OA may represent the detection of conflict between familiarity and context recollection during PI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harry T A Moore
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Spain.
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Diego Pinal
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zimonyi N, Kói T, Dombrádi V, Imrei M, Nagy R, Pulay MÁ, Lang Z, Hegyi P, Takacs ZK, Túri I. Comparison of Executive Function Skills between Patients with Cerebral Palsy and Typically Developing Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1867. [PMID: 38610632 PMCID: PMC11012391 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13071867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Children with CP show deficits in executive function compared to their typically developing peers, based on the majority of the available evidence. However, the magnitude of these deficits, as well as the proportions of the shortfalls in the three main components, have not yet been examined. This is the first meta-analysis to synthesize evidence on the magnitude of differences between patients with cerebral palsy (CP) and typically developing populations in different components of executive function skills (working memory, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility), and thus makes recommendations on which areas of executive functioning are in greatest need of intervention. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search of four databases for studies that measured executive functions in these two groups until 31 August 2023. We calculated the standardized mean difference (Hedges' g), an average effect size overall, and for the three components of executive function skills separately, we used several moderator analyses, including methodological differences between the primary studies. Results: Fifteen articles were included in the meta-analysis. The average mean difference in executive functioning overall was large (g+ = -0.82). Furthermore, large significant differences were found in working memory (g+ = -0.92) and inhibitory control (g+ = -0.82) and a moderate difference was identified in cognitive flexibility (g+ = -0.57). In addition, results of moderator analyses reveal the importance of a rigorous matching of control group participants and CP patients. Conclusions: The results demonstrate a severe impairment in all executive functions among CP patients compared to typically developing peers, which do not decrease over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nóra Zimonyi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.K.); (M.I.); (R.N.); (M.Á.P.); (Z.L.); (P.H.)
- Pető András Faculty, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
- School of PhD Studies, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kói
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.K.); (M.I.); (R.N.); (M.Á.P.); (Z.L.); (P.H.)
- Department of Stochastics, Institute of Mathematics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Dombrádi
- Patient Safety Department, Health Services Management Training Centre, Faculty of Health and Public Administration, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Marcell Imrei
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.K.); (M.I.); (R.N.); (M.Á.P.); (Z.L.); (P.H.)
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7622 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Rita Nagy
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.K.); (M.I.); (R.N.); (M.Á.P.); (Z.L.); (P.H.)
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7622 Pécs, Hungary
- Heim Pál National Pediatric Institute, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márk Ágoston Pulay
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.K.); (M.I.); (R.N.); (M.Á.P.); (Z.L.); (P.H.)
- Pető András Faculty, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Ergonomics and Psychology, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Lang
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.K.); (M.I.); (R.N.); (M.Á.P.); (Z.L.); (P.H.)
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, 1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.K.); (M.I.); (R.N.); (M.Á.P.); (Z.L.); (P.H.)
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7622 Pécs, Hungary
- Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsofia K. Takacs
- School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK;
| | - Ibolya Túri
- Pető András Faculty, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Busboom MT, Hoffman RM, Spooner RK, Taylor BK, Baker SE, Trevarrow MP, Wilson TW, Kurz MJ. Disruption of Sensorimotor Cortical Oscillations by Visual Interference Predicts the Altered Motor Performance of Persons with Cerebral Palsy. Neuroscience 2024; 536:92-103. [PMID: 37996052 PMCID: PMC10843825 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that aberrations in sensorimotor cortical oscillations likely play a key role in uncharacteristic motor actions seen in cerebral palsy. This interpretation is largely centered on the assumption that the aberrant cortical oscillations primarily reflect the motor aspects, with less consideration of possible higher-order cognitive connections. To directly probe this view, we examined the impact of cognitive interference on the sensorimotor cortical oscillations seen in persons with cerebral palsy using magnetoencephalography. Persons with cerebral palsy (N = 26, 9-47 years old) and controls (N = 46, 11-49 years) underwent magnetoencephalographic imaging while completing an arrow-based version of the Eriksen flanker task. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the relationship between the extent of interference generated by the flanker task and the strength of the sensorimotor cortical oscillations and motor performance. Our results indicated that the impact of cognitive interference on beta and gamma oscillations moderated the interference effect on reaction times in persons with cerebral palsy, above and beyond that seen in controls. Overall, these findings suggest that alterations in sensorimotor oscillatory activity in those with cerebral palsy at least partly reflects top-down control influences on the motor system. Thus, suppression of distracting stimuli should be a consideration when evaluating altered motor actions in cerebral palsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan T Busboom
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Rachel K Spooner
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Brittany K Taylor
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA; Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sarah E Baker
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michael P Trevarrow
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA; Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Max J Kurz
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA; Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Trevarrow MP, Taylor BK, Reelfs AM, Wilson TW, Kurz MJ. Aberrant movement-related somatosensory cortical activity mediates the extent of the mobility impairments in persons with cerebral palsy. J Physiol 2022; 600:3537-3548. [PMID: 35723200 PMCID: PMC9357205 DOI: 10.1113/jp282898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Persons with cerebral palsy (CP) have reduced somatosensory cortical responses at rest and during movement. The somatosensory cortical responses during movement mediate the relationship between the somatosensory cortical responses at rest and mobility. Persons with CP may have altered sensorimotor feedback that ultimately contributes to impaired mobility. ABSTRACT There are numerous clinical reports that persons with cerebral palsy (CP) have proprioceptive, stereognosis and tactile discrimination deficits. The current consensus is that these altered perceptions are attributable to aberrant somatosensory cortical activity. It has been inferred from these data that persons with CP do not adequately process ongoing sensory feedback during motor actions, which accentuates the extent of their mobility impairments. However, this hypothesis has yet to be directly tested. We used magnetoencephalographic (MEG) brain imaging to address this knowledge gap by quantifying the somatosensory dynamics evoked by applying electrical stimulation to the tibial nerve in 22 persons with CP and 25 neurotypical (NT) controls while at rest and during an ankle plantarflexion isometric force motor task. We also quantified the spatiotemporal gait biomechanics of participants outside the scanner. Consistent with the literature, our results confirmed that the strength of somatosensory cortical activity was weaker in the persons with CP compared to the NT controls. Our results also showed that the strength of the somatosensory cortical responses were significantly weaker during the isometric ankle force task than at rest. Most importantly, our results showed that the strength of somatosensory cortical activity during the ankle plantarflexion force production task mediated the relationship between somatosensory cortical activity at rest and both walking velocity and step length. These results suggest that youth with CP have aberrant somatosensory cortical activity during isometric force generation, which ultimately contributes to the extent of mobility impairments seen in this patient population. Abstract figure legend Magnetoencephalographic brain imaging was used to determine the effect of sensory feedback during movement on mobility in persons with cerebral palsy. Persons with cerebral palsy had reduced somatosensory cortical activity at rest and during movement compared with their neurotypical peers. Further, the somatosensory cortical activity during movement mediated the relationship between somatosensory cortical activity at rest and mobility. These results indicate that difficulties in sensorimotor integration may contribute to the mobility impairments seen in this patient population. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Trevarrow
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Brittany K Taylor
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Anna M Reelfs
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA.,Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Max J Kurz
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA.,Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bennett CR, Bauer CM, Bex PJ, Bottari D, Merabet LB. Visual search performance in cerebral visual impairment is associated with altered alpha band oscillations. Neuropsychologia 2021; 161:108011. [PMID: 34474066 PMCID: PMC8488018 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with cerebral visual impairment (CVI) often present with deficits related to visuospatial processing. However, the neurophysiological basis underlying these higher order perceptual dysfunctions have not been clearly identified. We assessed visual search performance using a novel virtual reality based task paired with eye tracking to simulate the exploration of a naturalistic scene (a virtual toy box). This was combined with electroencephalography (EEG) recordings and an analysis pipeline focusing on time frequency decomposition of alpha oscillatory activity. We found that individuals with CVI showed an overall impairment in visual search performance (as indexed by decreased success rate, as well as increased reaction time, visual search area, and gaze error) compared to controls with neurotypical development. Analysis of captured EEG activity following stimulus onset revealed that in the CVI group, there was a distinct lack of strong and well defined posterior alpha desynchronization; an important signal involved in the coordination of neural activity related to visual processing. Finally, an exploratory analysis revealed that in CVI, the magnitude of alpha desynchronization was associated with impaired visual search performance as well as decreased volume of specific thalamic nuclei implicated in visual processing. These results suggest that impairments in visuospatial processing related to visual search in CVI are associated with alterations in alpha band oscillations as well as early neurological injury at the level of visual thalamic nuclei.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Bennett
- The Laboratory for Visual Neuroplasticity, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Corinna M Bauer
- The Laboratory for Visual Neuroplasticity, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter J Bex
- Translational Vision Lab, Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Lotfi B Merabet
- The Laboratory for Visual Neuroplasticity, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|