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Wesselink AK, Gause EL, Spangler KD, Hystad P, Kirwa K, Willis MD, Wellenius GA, Wise LA. Exposure to Ambient Heat and Risk of Spontaneous Abortion: A Case-Crossover Study. Epidemiology 2024; 35:864-873. [PMID: 39058555 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few epidemiologic studies have examined the association of ambient heat with spontaneous abortion, a common and devastating pregnancy outcome. METHODS We conducted a case-crossover study nested within Pregnancy Study Online, a preconception cohort study (2013-2022). We included all participants reporting spontaneous abortion (N = 1,524). We defined the case window as the 7 days preceding the event and used time-stratified referent selection to select control windows matched on calendar month and day of week. Within each 7-day case and control window, we measured the mean, maximum, and minimum of daily maximum outdoor air temperatures. We fit splines to examine nonlinear relationships across the entire year and conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of spontaneous abortion with increases in temperature during the warm season (May-September) and decreases during the cool season (November-March). RESULTS We found evidence of a U-shaped association between outdoor air temperature and spontaneous abortion risk based on year-round data. When restricting to warm season events (n = 657), the OR for a 10-percentile increase in the mean of lag 0-6 daily maximum temperatures was 1.1 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.2) and, for the maximum, 1.1 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.2). The OR associated with any extreme heat days (>95th county-specific percentile) in the preceding week was 1.2 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.5). Among cool season events (n = 615), there was no appreciable association between lower temperatures and spontaneous abortion risk. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence of an association between high outdoor temperatures and the incidence of spontaneous abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia K Wesselink
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Center for Climate and Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Emma L Gause
- Center for Climate and Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Keith D Spangler
- Center for Climate and Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Perry Hystad
- College of Health, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Kipruto Kirwa
- Center for Climate and Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Mary D Willis
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Gregory A Wellenius
- Center for Climate and Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Lauren A Wise
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Wu H, Gao J, Xie Z, Xie M, Song R, Yuan X, Wu Y, Ou D. Effect of chronic deltamethrin exposure on brain transcriptome and metabolome of juvenile crucian carp. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:1544-1555. [PMID: 38009670 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Deltamethrin (Del), a widely administered pyrethroid insecticide, has been established as a common contaminant of the freshwater environment and detected in many freshwater ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the changes in brain transcriptome and metabolome of crucian carp after exposure to 0.6 μg/L Del for 28 days. Elevated MDA levels and inhibition of SOD activity indicate damage to the antioxidant system. Moreover, a total of 70 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified using the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, including 32 upregulated and 38 downregulated DMs in the Del-exposed group. The DMs associated with chronic Del exposure were enriched in steroid hormone biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism for prostaglandin G2, 5-oxoeicosatetraenoic acid, progesterone, androsterone, etiocholanolone, and hydrocortisone. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that chronic Del exposure caused lipid metabolism disorder, endocrine disruption, and proinflammatory immune response by upregulating the pla2g4, cox2, log5, ptgis, lcn, and cbr expression. Importantly, the integrative analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics indicated that the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway and steroid hormone biosynthesis were decisive processes in the brain tissue of crucian carp after Del exposure. Furthermore, Del exposure perturbed the tight junction, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and thyroid hormone signaling pathway. Overall, transcriptome and metabolome data of our study offer a new insight to assess the risk of chronic Del exposure in fish brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Hunan Fisheries Science Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Jinwei Gao
- Hunan Fisheries Science Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Zhonggui Xie
- Hunan Fisheries Science Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Min Xie
- Hunan Fisheries Science Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Rui Song
- Hunan Fisheries Science Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Xiping Yuan
- Hunan Fisheries Science Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanan Wu
- Hunan Fisheries Science Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Dongsheng Ou
- Hunan Fisheries Science Institute, Changsha, China
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Corbett J, Young JS, Tipton MJ, Costello JT, Williams TB, Walker EF, Lee BJ, Stevens CE. Molecular biomarkers for assessing the heat-adapted phenotype: a narrative scoping review. J Physiol Sci 2023; 73:26. [PMID: 37848829 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-023-00882-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Heat acclimation/acclimatisation (HA) mitigates heat-related decrements in physical capacity and heat-illness risk and is a widely advocated countermeasure for individuals operating in hot environments. The efficacy of HA is typically quantified by assessing the thermo-physiological responses to a standard heat acclimation state test (i.e. physiological biomarkers), but this can be logistically challenging, time consuming, and expensive. A valid molecular biomarker of HA would enable evaluation of the heat-adapted state through the sampling and assessment of a biological medium. This narrative review examines candidate molecular biomarkers of HA, highlighting the poor sensitivity and specificity of these candidates and identifying the current lack of a single 'standout' biomarker. It concludes by considering the potential of multivariable approaches that provide information about a range of physiological systems, identifying a number of challenges that must be overcome to develop a valid molecular biomarker of the heat-adapted state, and highlighting future research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Corbett
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
| | - J S Young
- National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington, UK
| | - M J Tipton
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - J T Costello
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - T B Williams
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - E F Walker
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | - B J Lee
- Occupational and Environmental Physiology Group, Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - C E Stevens
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
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Nalinratana N, Suriya U, Laprasert C, Wisidsri N, Poldorn P, Rungrotmongkol T, Limpanasitthikul W, Wu HC, Chang HS, Chansriniyom C. In vitro and in silico studies of 7'',8''-buddlenol D anti-inflammatory lignans from Carallia brachiata as p38 MAP kinase inhibitors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3558. [PMID: 36864126 PMCID: PMC9981598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30475-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive macrophage activation induces the release of high levels of inflammatory mediators which not only amplify chronic inflammation and degenerative diseases but also exacerbate fever and retard wound healing. To identify anti-inflammatory molecules, we examined Carallia brachiata-a medicinal terrestrial plant from Rhizophoraceae. Furofuran lignans [(-)-(7''R,8''S)-buddlenol D (1) and (-)-(7''S,8''S)-buddlenol D (2)] isolated from the stem and bark inhibited nitric oxide (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50): 9.25 ± 2.69 and 8.43 ± 1.20 micromolar for 1 and 2, respectively) and prostaglandin E2 (IC50: 6.15 ± 0.39 and 5.70 ± 0.97 micromolar for 1 and 2, respectively) productions in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells. From western blotting, 1 and 2 suppressed LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in a dose-dependent manner (0.3-30 micromolar). Moreover, analysis of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway showed decreased p38 phosphorylation levels in 1- and 2-treated cells, while phosphorylated ERK1/2 and JNK levels were unaffected. This discovery agreed with in silico studies which suggested 1 and 2 bound to the ATP-binding site in p38-alpha MAPK based on predicted binding affinity and intermolecular interaction docking. In summary, 7'',8''-buddlenol D epimers demonstrated anti-inflammatory activities via p38 MAPK inhibition and may be used as viable anti-inflammatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonthaneth Nalinratana
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Utid Suriya
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Chanyanuch Laprasert
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nakuntwalai Wisidsri
- Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, 12130, Thailand
| | - Preeyaporn Poldorn
- Biocatalyst and Environmental Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Biocatalyst and Environmental Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Ho-Cheng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Hsun-Shuo Chang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chaisak Chansriniyom
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Natural Products and Nanoparticles Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Effect of Acetaminophen on Endurance Cycling Performance in Trained Triathletes in Hot and Humid Conditions. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2022; 17:917-925. [PMID: 35240576 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2021-0475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The effect of acetaminophen (ACT, also known as paracetamol) on endurance performance in hot and humid conditions has been shown previously in recreationally active populations. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ACT on physiological and perceptual variables during steady-state and time-trial cycling performance of trained triathletes in hot and humid conditions. METHODS In a randomized, double-blind crossover design, 11 triathletes completed ∼60 minutes steady-state cycling at 63% peak power output followed by a time trial (7 kJ·kg body mass-1, ∼30 min) in hot and humid conditions (∼30°C, ∼69% relative humidity) 60 minutes after consuming either 20 mg·kg body mass-1 ACT or a color-matched placebo. Time-trial completion time, gastrointestinal temperature, skin temperature, thermal sensation, thermal comfort, rating of perceived exertion, and fluid balance were recorded throughout each session. RESULTS There was no difference in performance in the ACT trial compared with placebo (P = .086, d = 0.57), nor were there differences in gastrointestinal and skin temperature, thermal sensation and comfort, or fluid balance between trials. CONCLUSION In conclusion, there was no effect of ACT (20 mg·kg body mass-1) ingestion on physiology, perception, and performance of trained triathletes in hot and humid conditions, and existing precooling and percooling strategies appear to be more appropriate for endurance cycling performance in the heat.
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