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Jung YH, Ku YA, Moon J, Kim S, Ryu JS, Yoon CH, Chung MH, Kim YH, Kim MK, Kim DH. Efficacy of RCI001 as a therapeutic candidate of dry eye disease in a modified mixed dry eye model. EYE AND VISION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 11:19. [PMID: 38822444 PMCID: PMC11143567 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-024-00388-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the therapeutic effects of topical RCI001 (RCI) and compare its efficacy with that of 1% prednisolone acetate (PDE) and 5% Lifitegrast in a modified mixed dry eye disease (DED) model. METHODS The environmental DED model was induced in BALB/c mice in a dry chamber with scopolamine. The eyes of the mice were treated topically with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), PDE, Lifitegrast or RCI twice daily for 1 week. Ocular surface staining (OSS), tear secretion, inflammatory cytokines in the ocular surface and lacrimal gland, and immunofluorescence staining in the conjunctiva and cornea(CC) were assessed. RESULTS The RCI group demonstrated better improvement of OSS and tear secretion than the PBS group (OSS, PBS: 13.0 ± 1.6, RCI: 9.4 ± 3.0; tear secretion, PBS: 5.0 ± 0.4 mm, RCI: 7.0 ± 0.3 mm, each P < 0.001) and better clinical efficacy than PDE and Lifitegrast groups on Day 7 (improvement rate of OSS, RCI: 32.45%, Lifitegrast: 13.13%, PDE: 12.25%). The RCI group resulted in significantly lower expression of oxidative stress markers in the CC than the PBS group (4-HNE, NOX2, and NOX4 in the conjunctiva; NOX2 in the cornea, each P < 0.05). However, the PDE and Lifitegrast groups did not show significant differences compared with the PBS group. There were no significant differences of inflammatory cytokines in the ocular surface and lacrimal gland between all groups. CONCLUSION Topical RCI001 showed excellent therapeutic effects in environmental DED models by stimulating tear secretion, modulating oxidative stress and improving corneal epithelial healing compared to 1% PDE and 5% Lifitegrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ho Jung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ah Ku
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayoon Moon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saevit Eye Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Suk Ryu
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Ho Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yong Ho Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Gachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Mee Kum Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Yan D, Ouyang W, Lin J, Liu Z. Smart coating by thermo-sensitive Pluronic F-127 for enhanced corneal healing via delivery of biological macromolecule progranulin. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127586. [PMID: 37866564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
As a leading cause of vision impairment and blindness, corneal alkali burns lead to long-term visual deterioration or even permanent visual impairment while effective treatment strategies remain a challenge. Herein, a thermo-sensitive hydrogel with the combination of multi-functional protein progranulin (PGRN), a biological macromolecule consisting of several hundred amino acids and possessing a high molecular weight, is efficiently prepared through a convenient stirring and mixing at the low temperature. The hydrogel can be easily administrated to the ocular surface contacting with the cornea, which can be immediately transformed into gel-like state due to the thermo-responsive behavior, realizing a site-specific coating to isolate further external stimulation. The smart coating not only exhibits excellent transparency and biocompatibility, but also presents a constant delivery of PGRN, creating a nutritious and supportive micro-environment for the ocular surface. The results show that the prepared functional hydrogel can efficiently suppress inflammation, accelerate re-epithelization, and intriguingly enhance axonal regeneration via modulation of multiple signaling pathways, indicating the novel designed HydrogelPGRN is a promising therapy option for serious corneal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yan
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Weijie Ouyang
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Jinyou Lin
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zuguo Liu
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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Ye M, Dewi L, Liao YC, Nicholls A, Huang CY, Kuo CH. DNA oxidation after exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1275867. [PMID: 38028771 PMCID: PMC10644354 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1275867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is a byproduct of DNA oxidation resulting from free radical attacks. Paradoxically, treatment with 8-OHdG accelerates tissue healing. The aim of this study is to quantify the 8-OHdG response after a single session of exercise in both trained and untrained adults. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of exercise intervention studies measuring changes in blood 8-OHdG following resistance exercise and aerobic exercise were conducted. The literature search included Web of Science, PubMed, BASE, and Scopus, with publications up to February 2023 included. Subgroup analysis of training status was also conducted. Results: Sixteen studies involving 431 participants met the eligibility criteria. Resistance exercise showed a medium effect on increasing circulating 8-OHdG levels (SMD = 0.66, p < 0.001), which was similar for both trained and untrained participants. However, studies on aerobic exercise presented mixed results. For trained participants, a small effect of aerobic exercise on increasing circulating 8-OHdG levels was observed (SMD = 0.42; p < 0.001). In contrast, for untrained participants, a large effect of decreasing circulating 8-OHdG levels was observed, mostly after long-duration aerobic exercise (SMD = -1.16; p < 0.05). Similar to resistance exercise, high-intensity aerobic exercise (5-45 min, ≥75% VO2max) significantly increased circulating 8-OHdG levels, primarily in trained participants. Conclusion: Pooled results from the studies confirm an increase in circulating 8-OHdG levels after resistance exercise. However, further studies are needed to fully confirm the circulating 8-OHdG response to aerobic exercise. Increases in 8-OHdG after high-intensity aerobic exercise are observed only in trained individuals, implicating its role in training adaptation. Systematic Review Registration: [https://Systematicreview.gov/], identifier [CRD42022324180].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Ye
- College of Physical Education and Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Luthfia Dewi
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Liao
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Andrew Nicholls
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondria Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Kim SH, Ku YA, Yoo C, Kim YH, Kim DH. Comparison of RCI001 and corticosteroid on the effects on intraocular pressure in mice. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1256569. [PMID: 37877019 PMCID: PMC10591319 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1256569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose RCI001, a novel therapeutic candidate for the treatment of ocular inflammatory diseases, have demonstrated remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in various ocular experimental models. This study was to evaluate the effects of RCI001 on intraocular pressure (IOP) and compare them with those of corticosteroids in experimental mouse models. Methods Experimental mice were randomly divided into naïve, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), 0.1% dexamethasone (DEX-1), and 1% RCI001 (RCI) groups, and each reagent was pipetted into the right eye of the mouse at 10 μL thrice daily for 5 weeks. In addition, 20 μL of 0.1% dexamethasone was injected subconjunctivally into the right eye once weekly for 5 weeks in the DEX-2 group. The IOP was measured under anesthesia at baseline and twice weekly for 5 weeks. The △IOP (%) was defined as the change in IOP from baseline [△IOP (%) = (IOPweek5-IOPbaseline)/IOPbaseline × 100%]. The anterior segments were clinically and histologically examined. Results There was no significant increase in IOP and △IOP (%) [values by week 3 (day 21) in any of the groups]. However, IOP and △IOP (%) in the DEX-2 group tended to increase slightly after day 10 compared with baseline. Compared with baseline IOP values, the DEX-1 group showed a statistically significant increase in IOP at weeks 4 and 5, and the DEX-2 group at week 5. The △IOP (%) of the DEX-1 and DEX-2 groups (%) at week 5 were 38.2% ± 5.8% and 38.4 ± 4.6%, respectively. However, the IOP in the RCI group did not increase significantly until week 5. The RCI group did not show notable corneal changes, such as epithelial defects or stromal opacities, at week 5. In addition, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of corneas in the RCI group revealed healthy corneal epithelial, stromal, and endothelial integrity. Conclusion Long-term use of RCI001 did not induce significant IOP elevation or ocular surface changes, whereas topical corticosteroids significantly increased the IOP. Therefore, RCI001 may be an effective anti-inflammatory agent with a low risk of drug-induced IOP elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyun Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-ah Ku
- RudaCure Co., Ltd., Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chungkwon Yoo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ho Kim
- RudaCure Co., Ltd., Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Gachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- RudaCure Co., Ltd., Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Sprogyte L, Park M, Di Girolamo N. Pathogenesis of Alkali Injury-Induced Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency: A Literature Survey of Animal Models. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091294. [PMID: 37174694 PMCID: PMC10177508 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is a debilitating ocular surface disease that eventuates from a depleted or dysfunctional limbal epithelial stem cell (LESC) pool, resulting in corneal epithelial failure and blindness. The leading cause of LSCD is a chemical burn, with alkali substances being the most common inciting agents. Characteristic features of alkali-induced LSCD include corneal conjunctivalization, inflammation, neovascularization and fibrosis. Over the past decades, animal models of corneal alkali burn and alkali-induced LSCD have been instrumental in improving our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for disease development. Through these paradigms, important insights have been gained with regards to signaling pathways that drive inflammation, neovascularization and fibrosis, including NF-κB, ERK, p38 MAPK, JNK, STAT3, PI3K/AKT, mTOR and WNT/β-catenin cascades. Nonetheless, the molecular and cellular events that underpin re-epithelialization and those that govern long-term epithelial behavior are poorly understood. This review provides an overview of the current mechanistic insights into the pathophysiology of alkali-induced LSCD. Moreover, we highlight limitations regarding existing animal models and knowledge gaps which, if addressed, would facilitate development of more efficacious therapeutic strategies for patients with alkali-induced LSCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Sprogyte
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mijeong Park
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nick Di Girolamo
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Shi X, Zhou T, Huang S, Yao Y, Xu P, Hu S, Tu C, Yin W, Gao C, Ye J. An electrospun scaffold functionalized with a ROS-scavenging hydrogel stimulates ocular wound healing. Acta Biomater 2023; 158:266-280. [PMID: 36638943 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Ocular alkali burn is a serious ophthalmic emergency. Highly penetrative alkalis cause strong inflammatory responses leading to persistent epithelial defects, acute corneal perforation and severe scarring, and thereby persistent pain, loss of vision and cicatricial sequelae. Early and effective anti-inflammation management is vital in reducing the severity of injury. In this study, a double network biomaterial was prepared by compounding electrospinning nanofibres of thioketal-containing polyurethane (PUTK) with a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging hydrogel (RH) fabricated by crosslinking poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) with thioketal diamine and 3,3'-dithiobis(propionohydrazide). The developed PUTK/RH patch exhibited good transparency, high tensile strength and increased hydrophilicity. Most importantly, it demonstrated strong antioxidant activity against H2O2 and 2,2-di(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH). Next, a rat corneal alkali burn model was established, and the PUTK/RH patch was transplanted on the injured cornea. Reduced inflammatory cell infiltration was revealed by confocal microscopy, and lower expression levels of genes relative to inflammation, vascularization and scarring were identified by qRT-PCR and western blot. Fluorescein sodium dyeing, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical staining confirmed that the PUTK/RH patch could accelerate corneal wound healing by inhibiting inflammation, promoting epithelial regeneration and decreasing scar formation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Ocular alkali burn is a serious ophthalmic emergency, characterized with persistent inflammation and irreversible vision loss. Oxidative stress is the main pathological process at the acute inflammatory stage, during which combined use of glucocorticoids and amniotic membrane transplantation is the most widely accepted treatment. In this study, we fabricated a polyurethane electrospun nanofiber membrane functionalized with a ROS-scavenging hydrogel. This composite patch could be a promising amniotic membrane substitute, possessing with a transparent appearance, elasticity and anti-inflammation effect. It could be easily transplanted onto the alkali-burned corneas, resulting in a significant inhibition of stromal inflammation and accelerating the recovery of corneal transparency. The conception of ROS-scavenging wound patch may offer a new way for ocular alkali burn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shenyu Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yuejun Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Peifang Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Shaodan Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Chenxi Tu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Juan Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
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Li S, Shi S, Xia F, Luo B, Ha Y, Luisi J, Gupta PK, Merkley KH, Motamedi M, Liu H, Zhang W. CXCR3 deletion aggravates corneal neovascularization in a corneal alkali-burn model. Exp Eye Res 2022; 225:109265. [PMID: 36206861 PMCID: PMC10191246 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Corneal neovascularization can cause devastating consequences including vision impairment and even blindness. Corneal inflammation is a crucial factor for the induction of corneal neovascularization. Current anti-inflammatory approaches are of limited value with poor therapeutic effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new therapies that specifically modulate inflammatory pathways and inhibit neovascularization in the cornea. The interaction of chemokines and their receptors plays a key role in regulating leukocyte migration during inflammatory response. CXCR3 is essential for mediating the recruitment of activated T cells and microglia/macrophages, but the role of CXCR3 in the initiation and promotion of corneal neovascularization remains unclear. Here, we showed that the expression of CXCL10 and CXCR3 was significantly increased in the cornea after alkali burn. Compared with WT mice, CXCR3-/- mice exhibited significantly increased corneal hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis after alkali burn. In addition, exaggerated leukocyte infiltration and leukostasis, and elevated expression of inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factor were also found in the corneas of CXCR3-/- mice subjected to alkali burn. With bone marrow (BM) transplantation, we further demonstrated that the deletion of CXCR3 in BM-derived leukocytes plays a key role in the acceleration of alkali burn-induced corneal neovascularization. Taken together, our results suggest that upregulation of CXCR3 does not exhibit its conventional action as a proinflammatory cytokine but instead serves as a self-protective mechanism for the modulation of inflammation and maintenance of corneal avascularity after corneal alkali burn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengguo Li
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Shuizhen Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ban Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Yonju Ha
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan Luisi
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Praveena K Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Kevin H Merkley
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Massoud Motamedi
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Departments of Neuroscience, Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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Chung H, Ha Y, Kim YH, Kim DH, Shin D. Ocular Distribution and Pharmacokinetics of 8-Oxo-2′-Deoxyguanosine: A Novel Therapeutic Candidate of Ocular Surface Diseases. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2022; 38:561-566. [DOI: 10.1089/jop.2022.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Chung
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuseung Ha
- RudaCure Co., Ltd, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Physiology, Gachon Pain Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ho Kim
- RudaCure Co., Ltd, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Physiology, Gachon Pain Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- RudaCure Co., Ltd, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongseong Shin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Ji MJ, Son KH, Hong JH. Addition of oh8dG to Cardioplegia Attenuated Myocardial Oxidative Injury through the Inhibition of Sodium Bicarbonate Cotransporter Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091641. [PMID: 36139714 PMCID: PMC9495749 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The biomarker 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (oh8dG) is derived from oxidized nucleic acids or products of oxidant-mediated DNA damage. Enhanced sodium bicarbonate cotransporter (NBC) activity is caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in ventricular myocytes. Thus, we hypothesized that cardioplegia-solution-mediated ROS generation may be involved in the regulation of NBC activity in cardiomyocytes and that oh8dG treatment may modulate ROS and associated NBC activity. Langendorff-free cardioplegia-arrested cardiac strips and cardiomyocytes were isolated to determine the NBC activity and effects of oh8dG on oxidative-stress-mediated cardiac damage markers. We first determined the histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) solution mediated NBC activity in cardiac strips and cells. The oh8dG treatment attenuated NBC activity in the electroneutral or electrogenic form of NBC. Additionally, exposure to HTK solution induced ROS, whereas co-administration of oh8dG attenuated ROS-mediated NBC activity, reduced ROS levels, and decreased the expression of apoptotic markers and fibrosis-associated proteins in cardiac cells. The oh8dG-administrated cardiac tissues were also protected from enhanced HTK-induced damage markers, heat shock protein 60 and polyADP-ribose. Our results show that oh8dG has a protective role against myocardial oxidative damage and provides a useful treatment strategy for restoring cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Ji
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, GAIHST, Gachon University, 155 Getbeolro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Kuk Hui Son
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.H.S.); (J.H.H.); Tel.: +82-32-899-6682 (J.H.H.)
| | - Jeong Hee Hong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, GAIHST, Gachon University, 155 Getbeolro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.H.S.); (J.H.H.); Tel.: +82-32-899-6682 (J.H.H.)
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Kim S, Jang YW, Ku YA, Shin Y, Rahman MM, Chung MH, Kim YH, Kim DH. Investigating the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of RCI001 for Treating Ocular Surface Diseases: Insight Into the Mechanism of Action. Front Immunol 2022; 13:850287. [PMID: 35401555 PMCID: PMC8987014 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.850287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The ocular surface is continuously exposed to various environmental factors, and innate and adaptive immunity play crucial roles in ocular surface diseases (OSDs). Previously, we have reported that the topical application of RCI001 affords excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in dry eye disease and ocular chemical burn models. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effects of RCI001 on the Rac1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes in vitro and in vivo. Following RCI001 application to RAW264.7 and Swiss 3T3 cells, we measured Rac1 activity using a glutathione-S-transferase (GST) pull-down assay and G-protein activation assay kit. In addition, we quantified the expression of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells using ELISA and real-time PCR. In the mouse ocular alkali burn model, RCI001 was administered via eye drops (10 mg/mL, twice daily) for 5 days, and 1% prednisolone acetate (PDE) ophthalmic suspension was used as a positive control. Corneal epithelial integrity (on days 0-5) and histological examinations were performed, and transcript and protein levels of Rac1, NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β were quantified using real-time PCR and western blotting in corneal tissues collected on days 3 and 5. We observed that RCI001 dose-dependently inhibited Rac1 activity and various inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages. Furthermore, RCI001 restored corneal epithelial integrity more rapidly than corticosteroid treatment in chemically injured corneas. Compared to the saline group, activation of Rac1 and the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β axis was suppressed in the RCI001 group, especially during the early phase of the ocular alkali burn model. Topical RCI001 suppressed the expression of activated Rac1 and inflammatory cytokines in vitro and rapidly restored the injured cornea by inhibiting activation of Rac1 and the NLRP inflammasome/IL-1β axis in vivo. Accordingly, RCI001 could be a promising therapeutic agent for treating OSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghoon Kim
- RudaCure Co. Ltd., Incheon, South Korea
- Gachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | | | | | - Yungyeong Shin
- Gachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Md Mahbubur Rahman
- Gachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | | | - Yong Ho Kim
- RudaCure Co. Ltd., Incheon, South Korea
- Gachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Dong Hyun Kim, ; Yong Ho Kim,
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- RudaCure Co. Ltd., Incheon, South Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Dong Hyun Kim, ; Yong Ho Kim,
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