Hypersonic impact properties of pristine and hybrid single and multi-layer C3N and BC3 nanosheets

Dynamic penetration behaviors of single/multi-layer graphene using nanoprojectile under hypervelocity impact

Single/multilayer graphene holds great promise in withstanding impact/penetration as ideal protective material. In this work, dynamic penetration behaviors of graphene has been explored using molecular dynamics simulations. The crashworthiness performance of graphene is contingent upon the number of layers and impact velocity. The variables including residual velocity and kinetic energy loss under different layers or different impact velocities have been monitored during the hypervelocity impact. Results show that there exists deviation from the continuum Recht–Ipson and Rosenberg–Dekel models, but these models tend to hold to reasonably predict the ballistic limit velocity of graphene with increasing layers. Besides, fractal theory has been introduced here and proven valid to quantitatively describe the fracture morphology. Furthermore, Forrestal–Warren rigid body model II still can well estimate the depth of penetration of multilayer graphene under a certain range of velocity impact. Finally, one modified model has been proposed to correlate the specific penetration energy with the number of layer and impact velocity.

Thermal conductivity of random polycrystalline BC3 nanosheets: A step towards realistic simulation of 2D structures

Boron carbide nanosheets (BC₃NSs) are semiconductors possessing non-zero bandgap. Nevertheless, there is no estimation of their thermal conductivity for practical circumstances, mainly because of difficulties in simulation of random polycrystalline structures. In the real physics world, BC₃NS with perfect monocrystalline is rare, for the nature produces structures with disordered grain regions. Therefore, it is of crucial importance to capture a more realistic picture of thermal conductivity of these nanosheets. Polycrystalline BC₃NS (PCBC₃NSs are herein simulated by Molecular Dynamics simulation to take their thermal conductivity fingerprint applying ΔT of 40 K. A series of PCBC₃NSs were evaluated for thermal conductivity varying the number of grains (3, 5, and 10). The effect of grain rotation was also modeled in terms of Kapitza thermal resistance per grain, varying the rotation angle (θ/2 = 14.5, 16, 19, and 25°). Overall, a non-linear temperature variation was observed for PCBC₃NS, particularly by increasing grain number, possibly because of more phonon scattering (shorter phonon relaxation time) arising from more structural defects. By contrast, the heat current passing across the slab decreased. The thermal conductivity of nanosheet dwindled from 149 W m^-1 K^-1 for monocrystalline BC₃NS to the values of 129.67, 121.32, 115.04, and 102.78 W m^-1 K^-1 for PCBC₃NSs having 2, 3, 5, and 10 grains, respectively. The increase of the grain̛s rotation angle (randomness) from 14.5° to 16°, 19° and 25° led to a rise in Kapitza thermal resistance from 2⨯10^-10 m² K·W^-1 to the values of 2.3⨯ 10^-10, 2.9⨯10^-10, and 4.7⨯ 10^-10 m² K·W^-1, respectively. Thus, natural 2D structure would facilitate phonon scattering rate at the grain boundaries, which limits heat transfer across polycrystalline nanosheets.