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Kgosana MR, Sandasi M, Ncube E, Vermaak I, Gouws C, Viljoen AM. Exploring the wound healing potential of Lobostemon fruticosus using in vitro and in vivo bioassays. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024:118632. [PMID: 39069028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lobostemon fruticosus (L.) H.Buek is a perennial and woody shrub of the Boraginaceae family, found in the Cape region of South Africa. The leaves and twigs are used to treat dermatological conditions such as wounds, burns, ringworm, erysipelas and eczema. Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and anti-proliferative activities of L. fruticosus have been reported. However, there is a void in research which reports on the wound healing properties of this plant. AIM OF THE STUDY Aligned with the traditional use of L. fruticosus, our study aimed to use in vitro and in vivo bioassays to confirm the wound healing potential of the plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS An aqueous methanol extract (80% v/v) of L. fruticosus was prepared using a sample collected from the Western Cape Province of South Africa and chromatographically profiled by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay was performed to screen the non-toxic concentrations of the extract for subsequent use in the in vitro scratch assay. Both the human keratinocyte (HaCaT) and fibroblast (BJ-5ta) cell lines were employed in the in vitro scratch assay. The in vivo caudal fin amputation assay was used to assess the wound healing potential of L. fruticosus, by monitoring fin regeneration in zebrafish larvae treated with the plant extract at various concentrations. RESULTS Six major compounds were tentatively identified in the L. fruticosus extract namely; globoidnan A, globoidnan B, rutin, rabdosiin, sagerinic acid and rosmarinic acid. The potentially toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids were also identified and quantitatively confirmed to be present at a low concentration of 119.58 ppm (m/m). Treatment of HaCaT and BJ-5ta cells with the plant extract in the scratch assay resulted in an increase in cell migration, which translates to accelerated wound closure. After 24 hr treatment with 100 μg/mL of extract, wound closure was recorded to be 91.1±5.7% and 94.1±1.3% for the HaCaT and BJ-5ta cells, respectively, while the untreated (medium) controls showed 72.3±3.3% and 73.0±4.3% for the two cell lines, respectively. Complete wound closure was observed between 24 and 36 hr, while the untreated control group did not achieve 100% wound closure by the end of the observation period (48 hr). In vivo, the crude extract at 100 μg/mL accelerated zebrafish caudal fin regeneration achieving 100.5±3.8% regeneration compared to 68.3±6.6% in the untreated control at two days post amputation. CONCLUSIONS The study affirms the wound healing properties, as well as low toxicity of L. fruticosus using both in vitro and in vivo assays, which supports the traditional medicinal use. Other in vitro assays that target different mechanisms involved in wound healing should be investigated to support the current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashilo R Kgosana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Maxleene Sandasi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Efficient Ncube
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Ilze Vermaak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Chrisna Gouws
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Alvaro M Viljoen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
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Osztie R, Czeglédi T, Ross S, Stipsicz B, Kalydi E, Béni S, Boldizsár I, Riethmüller E, Bősze SE, Alberti Á. Comprehensive Characterization of Phytochemical Composition, Membrane Permeability, and Antiproliferative Activity of Juglans nigra Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6930. [PMID: 39000038 PMCID: PMC11241769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was the detailed polyphenol profiling of Juglans nigra and the characterization of the membrane permeability and antiproliferative properties of its main phenolics. A total of 161 compounds were tentatively identified in J. nigra bark, leaf, and pericarp extracts by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR-MS/MS). Eight compounds including myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside (86), quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (106), quercetin-3-O-xyloside (74), juglone (141), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-4-oxonaphthalen-1-yl-6-O-galloyl-glucoside (92), ellagic acid (143), gallic acid (14), and ethyl gallate (58) were isolated from J. nigra pericarp. The in vitro antiproliferative activity of the isolated compounds was investigated against three human cancer cell lines, confirming that juglone (141) inhibits cell proliferation in all of them, and has similar activity as the clinical standards. The permeability of the isolated compounds across biological membranes was evaluated by the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA). Both juglone (141) and ethyl-gallate (58) showed positive results in the blood-brain-barrier-specific PAMPA-BBB study. Juglone (141) also possesses logPe values which indicates that it may be able to cross both the GI and BBB membranes via passive diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Osztie
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.O.); (T.C.); (I.B.); (E.R.)
| | - Tamás Czeglédi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.O.); (T.C.); (I.B.); (E.R.)
| | - Sarah Ross
- Department Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Leipzig, Eilenburger Str. 14, 04317 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Bence Stipsicz
- Institute of Biology, Doctoral School of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Research Network, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Eszter Kalydi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre u. 7., 1092 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Szabolcs Béni
- Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Imre Boldizsár
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.O.); (T.C.); (I.B.); (E.R.)
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Riethmüller
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.O.); (T.C.); (I.B.); (E.R.)
| | - Szilvia E. Bősze
- HUN-REN-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Research Network, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4., 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Alberti
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.O.); (T.C.); (I.B.); (E.R.)
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Zamljen T, Grohar MC, Medic A. Mint-Scented Species in Lamiaceae: An Abundant and Varied Reservoir of Phenolic and Volatile Compounds. Foods 2024; 13:1857. [PMID: 38928799 PMCID: PMC11202822 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This investigation aimed to identify the most favorable cultivar based on plant metabolites for potential targeted cultivation in the pharmaceutical industry. The analysis revealed the presence of 19 individual phenolics and 80 individual volatiles across the cultivars, a breadth of data not previously explored to such an extent. Flavones emerged as the predominant phenolic group in all mint-scented cultivars, except for peppermint, where hydroxycinnamic acids dominated. Peppermint exhibited high concentrations of phenolic acids, particularly caffeic acid derivatives and rosmarinic acid, which are known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Luteolin-rich concentrations were found in several mint varieties, known for their antioxidative, antitumor, and cardio-protective properties. Swiss mint and spearmint stood out with elevated levels of flavanones, particularly eriocitrin, akin to citrus fruits. Monoterpene volatiles, including menthol, camphor, limonene, and carvone, were identified across all cultivars, with Swiss mint and spearmint exhibiting the highest amounts. The study underscores the potential for targeted cultivation to enhance volatile yields and reduce agricultural land use. Notably, chocolate mint demonstrated promise for volatile content, while apple mint excelled in phenolics, suggesting their potential for broader agricultural, pharmaceutical, and food industry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilen Zamljen
- Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.C.G.); (A.M.)
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Yao Y, Choe U, Li Y, Liu Z, Zeng M, Wang TTY, Sun J, Wu X, Pehrsson P, He X, Zhang Y, Gao B, Moore JC, Chen P, Slavin M, Yu LL. Chemical Composition of Rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract and Its Inhibitory Effects on SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein-ACE2 Interaction and ACE2 Activity and Free Radical Scavenging Capacities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18735-18745. [PMID: 37988686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the chemical composition of rosemary water extract (RWE) and its influence on mechanisms by which the SARS-CoV-2 virus enters into cells as a potential route for reducing the risk of COVID-19 disease. Compounds in RWE were identified using UHPLC-MS/MS. The inhibitory effect of RWE was then evaluated on binding between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S-protein) and ACE2 and separately on ACE2 activity/availability. Additionally, total phenolic content (TPC) and free radical scavenging capacities of RWE against HO•, ABTS•+, and DPPH• were assessed. Twenty-one compounds were tentatively identified in RWE, of which tuberonic acid hexoside was identified for the first time in rosemary. RWE dose of 33.3 mg of rosemary equivalents (RE)/mL suppressed the interaction between S-protein and ACE2 by 72.9%, while rosmarinic and caffeic acids at 3.3 μmol/mL suppressed the interaction by 36 and 55%, respectively. RWE at 5.0, 2.5, and 0.5 mg of RE/mL inhibited ACE2 activity by 99.5, 94.5, and 68.6%, respectively, while rosmarinic acid at 0.05 and 0.01 μmol/mL reduced ACE2 activity by 31 and 8%, respectively. RWE had a TPC value of 72.5 mg GAE/g. The results provide a mechanistic basis on which rosemary may reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhang Yao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Uyory Choe
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Yanfang Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Melody Zeng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Thomas T Y Wang
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Jianghao Sun
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Xianli Wu
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Pamela Pehrsson
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Xiaohua He
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - Yaqiong Zhang
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Boyan Gao
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jeffrey C Moore
- Moore FoodTech, LLC, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Pei Chen
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Margaret Slavin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Liangli Lucy Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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Khodadadi F, Ahmadi FS, Talebi M, Matkowski A, Szumny A, Afshari M, Rahimmalek M. Metabolic and Transcriptomic Approaches of Chitosan and Water Stress on Polyphenolic and Terpenoid Components and Gene Expression in Salvia abrotanoides (Karl.) and S. yangii. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15426. [PMID: 37895107 PMCID: PMC10607810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this research, a HPLC analysis, along with transcriptomics tools, was applied to evaluate chitosan and water stress for the prediction of phenolic flavonoids patterns and terpenoid components accumulation in Salvia abrotanoides Karel and S. yangii. The results indicated that the tanshinone contents under drought stress conditions increased 4.2-fold with increasing drought stress intensity in both species. The rosmarinic acid content in the leaves varied from 0.038 to 11.43 mg/g DW. In addition, the flavonoid content was increased (1.8 and 1.4-fold) under mild water deficit conditions with a moderate concentration of chitosan (100 mg L-1). The application of foliar chitosan at 100 and 200 mg L-1 under well-watered and mild stress conditions led to increases in hydroxyl cryptotanshinone (OH-CT) and cryptotanshinone (CT) contents as the major terpenoid components in both species. The expressions of the studied genes (DXS2, HMGR, KSL, 4CL, and TAT) were also noticeably induced by water deficit and variably modulated by the treatment with chitosan. According to our findings, both the drought stress and the application of foliar chitosan altered the expression levels of certain genes. Specifically, we observed changes in the expression levels of DXS and HMGR, which are upstream genes in the MEP and MVA pathways, respectively. Additionally, the expression level of KSL, a downstream gene involved in diterpenoid synthesis, was also affected. Finally, the present investigation confirmed that chitosan treatments and water stress were affected in both the methylerythritol phosphate pathway (MEP) and mevalonate (MVA) pathways, but their commitment to the production of other isoprenoids has to be considered and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Khodadadi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91779-48974, Iran;
| | - Farajollah Shahriai Ahmadi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91779-48974, Iran;
| | - Majid Talebi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;
| | - Adam Matkowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Antoni Szumny
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mahvash Afshari
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 83111-84156, Iran;
| | - Mehdi Rahimmalek
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
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Serrano CA, Villena GK, Rodríguez EF, Calsino B, Ludeña MA, Ccana-Ccapatinta GV. Phytochemical analysis for ten Peruvian Mentheae (Lamiaceae) by liquid chromatography associated with high resolution mass spectrometry. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10714. [PMID: 37400603 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37830-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The profile of secondary metabolites in ten members of tribe Mentheae (Nepetoideae, Lamiaceae) from Peru by liquid chromatography associated with high resolution mass spectrometry, is presented. Salvianolic acids and their precursors were found, particularly rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid ester derivatives, as well as a diversity of free and glycosylated flavonoids as main substances. At all, 111 structures were tentatively identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Serrano
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru.
| | - Gretty K Villena
- Laboratorio de Micología y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru
| | - Eric F Rodríguez
- Herbarium Truxillense (HUT), Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, Peru
| | | | - Michael A Ludeña
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
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Okhlopkova ZM, Razgonova MP, Rozhina ZG, Egorova PS, Golokhvast KS. Dracocephalum jacutense Peschkova from Yakutia: Extraction and Mass Spectrometric Characterization of 128 Chemical Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114402. [PMID: 37298879 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dracocephalum jacutense Peschkova is a rare and endangered species of the genus Dracocephalum of the Lamiaceae family. The species was first described in 1997 and listed in the Red Data Book of Yakutia. Significant differences in the multicomponent composition of extracts from D. jacutense collected in the natural environment and successfully introduced in the Botanical Garden of Yakutsk were identified by a team of authors earlier in a large study. In this work, we studied the chemical composition of the leaves, stem, and inflorescences of D. jacutense using the tandem mass spectrometry method. Only three cenopopulations of D. jacutense were found by us in the territory of the early habitat-in the vicinity of the village of Sangar, Kobyaysky district of Yakutia. The aboveground phytomass of the plant was collected, processed and dried as separate parts of the plant: inflorescences, stem and leaves. Firstly, a total of 128 compounds, 70% of which are polyphenols, were tentatively identified in extracts of D. jacutense. These polyphenol compounds were classified as 32 flavones, 12 flavonols, 6 flavan-3-ols, 7 flavanones, 17 phenolic acids, 2 lignans, 1 dihydrochalcone, 4 coumarins, and 8 anthocyanidins. Other chemical groups were presented as carotenoids, omega-3-fatty acids, omega-5-fatty acids, amino acids, purines, alkaloids, and sterols. The inflorescences are the richest in polyphenols (73 polyphenolic compounds were identified), while 33 and 22 polyphenols were found in the leaves and stems, respectively. A high level of identity for polyphenolic compounds in different parts of the plant is noted for flavanones (80%), followed by flavonols (25%), phenolic acids (15%), and flavones (13%). Furthermore, 78 compounds were identified for the first time in representatives of the genus Dracocephalum, including 50 polyphenolic compounds and 28 compounds of other chemical groups. The obtained results testify to the unique composition of polyphenolic compounds in different parts of D. jacutense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanna M Okhlopkova
- Department of Biology, North-Eastern Federal University, Belinsky Str. 58, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Mayya P Razgonova
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, B. Morskaya 42-44, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Food System, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova 8, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Zoya G Rozhina
- Department of Biology, North-Eastern Federal University, Belinsky Str. 58, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Polina S Egorova
- Yakutsk Botanical Garden, Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone Siberian Branch of Russian Academy Sciences, Lenina pr. 41, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Kirill S Golokhvast
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, B. Morskaya 42-44, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Food System, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova 8, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
- Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Centralnaya 2b, 630501 Krasnoobsk, Russia
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Ali A, Cottrell JJ, Dunshea FR. Characterization, Antioxidant Potential, and Pharmacokinetics Properties of Phenolic Compounds from Native Australian Herbs and Fruits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:993. [PMID: 36903854 PMCID: PMC10005590 DOI: 10.3390/plants12050993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, plant bioactive phenolic compounds gained much attention due to their various health benefits. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze native Australian river mint (Mentha australis), bush mint (Mentha satureioides), sea parsley (Apium prostratum), and bush tomatoes (Solanum centrale) for their bioactive metabolites, antioxidant potential, and pharmacokinetics properties. LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS was applied to elucidate these plants' composition, identification, and quantification of phenolic metabolites. This study tentatively identified 123 phenolic compounds (thirty-five phenolic acids, sixty-seven flavonoids, seven lignans, three stilbenes, and eleven other compounds). Bush mint was identified with the highest total phenolic content (TPC-57.70 ± 4.57 mg GAE/g), while sea parsley contained the lowest total phenolic content (13.44 ± 0.39 mg GAE/g). Moreover, bush mint was also identified with the highest antioxidant potential compared to other herbs. Thirty-seven phenolic metabolites were semi-quantified, including rosmarinic acid, chlorogenic acid, sagerinic acid, quinic acid, and caffeic acid, which were abundant in these selected plants. The most abundant compounds' pharmacokinetics properties were also predicted. This study will develop further research to identify these plants' nutraceutical and phytopharmaceutical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Jeremy J. Cottrell
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Optimization of Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Conjugated with Lepechinia meyenii (Salvia) Using Plackett-Burman Design and Response Surface Methodology—Preliminary Antibacterial Activity. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10091727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present investigation, an ethanolic fraction (EF) of Lepechinia meyenii (salvia) was prepared and fractionated by gradient column chromatography, and the main secondary metabolites present in the EF were identified by HPLC-MS. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized and conjugated with the EF of Lepechinia meyenii (salvia). The AgNPs synthesis was optimized using Plackett-Burman design and response surface methodology (RSM), considering the following independent variables: stirring speed, synthesis pH, synthesis time, synthesis temperature and EF volume. The AgNPs synthesized under the optimized conditions were characterized by UV visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM). The antibacterial activity of the AgNPs against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC® 25923) was evaluated. The following flavonoids were identified: rosmarinic acid, diosmin and hesperetin-7-O-rutinoside. The optimized conditions for the synthesis of nanoparticles were pH 9.45, temperature 49.8 °C, volume of ethanolic fraction 152.6 µL and a reaction time of 213.2 min. The obtained AgNPs exhibited an average size of 43.71 nm and a resonance plasmon of 410–420 nm. Using FT-IR spectroscopy, the disappearance of the peaks between 626.50 and 1379.54 cm−1 was evident with the AgNPs, which would indicate the participation of these functional groups in the synthesis and protection of the nanoparticles. A hydrodynamic size of 47.6 nm was obtained by DLS, while a size of 40–60 nm was determined by STEM. The synthesized AgNPs conjugated with the EF showed a higher antibacterial activity than the EF alone. These results demonstrate that the AgNPs synthesized under optimized conditions conjugated with the EF of the Lepechinia meyenii (salvia) presented an increased antibacterial activity.
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Zostera marina L.: Supercritical CO2-Extraction and Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Chemical Constituents Recovered from Seagrass. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9070182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Three types of Zostera marina L. collection were extracted using the supercritical CO2-extraction method. For the purposes of supercritical CO2-extraction, old seagrass ejection on the surf edge, fresh seagrass ejection on the surf edge and seagrass collected in water were used. Several experimental conditions were investigated in the pressure range 50–350 bar, with the used volume of co-solvent ethanol in the amount of 1% in the liquid phase at a temperature in the range of 31–70 °C. The most effective extraction conditions are: pressure 250 Bar and temperature 60 °C for Z. marina collected in sea water. Z. marina contain various phenolic compounds and sulfated polyphenols with valuable biological activity. Tandem mass-spectrometry (HPLC-ESI–ion trap) was applied to detect target analytes. 77 different biologically active components have been identified in Z. marina supercritical CO2-extracts. 38 polyphenols were identified for the first time in Z. marina.
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Encephalartos villosus Lem. Displays a Strong In Vivo and In Vitro Antifungal Potential against Candida glabrata Clinical Isolates. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8050521. [PMID: 35628776 PMCID: PMC9146621 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, Candida glabrata has been recognized as one of the most common fungal species that is highly associated with invasive candidiasis. Its spread could be attributed to its increasing resistance to antifungal drugs. Thus, there is a high need for safer and more efficient therapeutic alternatives such as plant extracts. Here, we investigated the antifungal potential of Encephalartos villosus leaves methanol extract (EVME) against C. glabrata clinical isolates. Tentative phytochemical identification of 51 metabolites was conducted in EVME using LC–MS/MS. EVME demonstrated antifungal activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations that ranged from 32 to 256 µg/mL. The mechanism of the antifungal action was studied by investigating the impact of EVME on nucleotide leakage. Additionally, a sorbitol bioassay was performed, and we found that EVME affected the fungal cell wall. In addition, the effect of EVME was elucidated on the efflux activity of C. glabrata isolates using acridine orange assay and quantitative real-time PCR. EVME resulted in downregulation of the expression of the efflux pump genes CDR1, CDR2, and ERG11 in the tested isolates with percentages of 33.33%, 41.67%, and 33.33%, respectively. Moreover, we investigated the in vivo antifungal activity of EVME using a murine model with systemic infection. The fungal burden was determined in the kidney tissues. Histological and immunohistochemical studies were carried out to investigate the effect of EVME. We noticed that EVME reduced the congestion of the glomeruli and tubules of the kidney tissues of the rats infected with C. glabrata. Furthermore, it decreased both the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha and the abnormal collagen fibers. Our results reveal, for the first time, the potential in vitro (by inhibition of the efflux activity) and in vivo (by decreasing the congestion and inflammation of the kidney tissues) antifungal activity of EVME against C. glabrata isolates.
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Dracocephalum palmatum S. and Dracocephalum ruyschiana L. Originating from Yakutia: A High-Resolution Mass Spectrometric Approach for the Comprehensive Characterization of Phenolic Compounds. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dracocephalum palmatum S. and Dracocephalum ruyschiana L. contain a large number of target analytes, which are biologically active compounds. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in combination with an ion trap (tandem mass spectrometry) was used to identify target analytes in extracts of D. palmatum S. and D. ruyschiana L. originating from Yakutia. The results of initial studies revealed the presence of 114 compounds, of which 92 were identified for the first time in the genus Dracocephalum. New identified metabolites belonged to 17 classes, including 16 phenolic acids and their conjugates, 18 flavones, 5 flavonols, 2 flavan-3-ols, 1 flavanone, 2 stilbenes, 10 anthocyanins, 1 condensed tannin, 2 lignans, 6 carotenoids, 3 oxylipins, 2 amino acids, 3 sceletium alkaloids, 3 carboxylic acids, 8 fatty acids, 1 sterol, and 3 terpenes, along with 6 miscellaneous compounds. It was shown that extracts of D. palmatum are richer in the spectrum of polyphenolic compounds compared with extracts of D. ruyschiana, according to a study of the presence of these compounds in extracts, based on the results of mass spectrometric studies.
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Zuo G, Je KH, Guillen Quispe YN, Shin KO, Kim HY, Kim KH, Arce PHG, Lim SS. Separation and Identification of Antioxidants and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors in Lepechinia meyenii (Walp.) Epling. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122773. [PMID: 34961244 PMCID: PMC8707451 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that Lepechinia meyenii (Walp.) Epling has antioxidant and aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory activities. In this study, L. meyenii was extracted in a 50% MeOH and CH2Cl2/MeOH system. The active extracts of MeOH and 50% MeOH were subjected to fractionation, followed by separation using high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) and preparative HPLC. Separation and identification revealed the presence of caffeic acid, hesperidin, rosmarinic acid, diosmin, methyl rosmarinate, diosmetin, and butyl rosmarinate. Of these, rosmarinic acid, methyl rosmarinate, and butyl rosmarinate possessed remarkable antioxidant and AR inhibitory activities. The other compounds were less active. In particular, rosmarinic acid is the key contributor to the antioxidant and AR inhibitory activities of L. meyenii; it is rich in the MeOH extract (333.84 mg/g) and 50% MeOH extract (135.41 mg/g) of L. meyenii and is especially abundant in the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions (373.71-804.07 mg/g) of the MeOH and 50% MeOH extracts. The results clarified the basis of antioxidant and AR inhibitory activity of L. meyenii, adding scientific evidence supporting its traditional use as an anti-diabetic herbal medicine. The HSCCC separation method established in this study can be used for the preparative separation of rosmarinic acid from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglei Zuo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (G.Z.); (K.-O.S.); (H.Y.K.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Kang-Hoon Je
- Institute of Korean Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea;
| | - Yanymee N. Guillen Quispe
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151742, Korea;
| | - Kyong-Oh Shin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (G.Z.); (K.-O.S.); (H.Y.K.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Hyun Yong Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (G.Z.); (K.-O.S.); (H.Y.K.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Kang Hyuk Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (G.Z.); (K.-O.S.); (H.Y.K.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Paul H. Gonzales Arce
- Laboratorio de Florística, Departamento de Dicotiledóneas, Museo de Historia Natural—Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Avenida Arenales 1256, Lima 14-0434, Peru;
| | - Soon Sung Lim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (G.Z.); (K.-O.S.); (H.Y.K.); (K.H.K.)
- Institute of Korean Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea;
- Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-248-2133; Fax: +82-33-256-3420
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