1
|
Jokiel M, Kazmierczak K, Czarnecki P, Bartkowiak-Graczyk A, Madziewicz A, Breborowicz E, Miedzyblocka M, Adamski M, Kaczmarek K, Kaczmarek L, Romanowski L. Biomechanical Examination of Wrist Flexors and Extensors with Biodex System Dynamometer-Isometric, Isokinetic and Isotonic Protocol Options. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1184. [PMID: 39064613 PMCID: PMC11278849 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60071184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Biodex System® is an advanced dynamometer used for testing various biomechanical parameters of muscles. Test outcomes allow for the identification of muscle pathology and consequently lead to a clinical diagnosis. Despite being widely used for the testing and rehabilitation of the human musculoskeletal system, no universal and acceptable protocol for wrist examination has been proposed for patients with wrist pathology. In this study, the authors aim to identify the most appropriate protocol for testing the biomechanical parameters of flexors and extensors of the wrist. Materials and Methods: A group of 20 patients with symptomatic tennis elbow and 26 healthy volunteers were examined using three different protocols: isokinetic, isometric and isotonic. Protocol order for each study participant was assigned at random with a minimum of a 24 h break between protocols. All protocol parameters were set according to data obtained from a literature review and an earlier pilot study. Following completion of each protocol, participants filled out a questionnaire-based protocol, assessing pain intensity during the exam, difficulty with exam performance and post-exam muscle fatigue. Results: The isotonic protocol showed the best patient tolerance and the highest questionnaire score. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the three protocols in average pain intensity reported by study participants. All participants completed the isotonic protocol, but not all patients with symptomatic tennis elbow were able to complete the isometric and isokinetic protocols. The isotonic protocol was deemed "difficult but possible to complete" by study participants. Conclusions: The isotonic protocol is most suitable for testing the flexors and extensors of the wrist. It gives the most biomechanical data of all protocols, is well tolerated by patients and rarely causes pain during examination even in symptomatic participants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Jokiel
- Traumatology, Orthopedics and Hand Surgery Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
- Physiotherapy Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kazmierczak
- Department of Rehabilitation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Czarnecki
- Traumatology, Orthopedics and Hand Surgery Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Bartkowiak-Graczyk
- Traumatology, Orthopedics and Hand Surgery Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
- Physiotherapy Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Madziewicz
- Traumatology, Orthopedics and Hand Surgery Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
- Physiotherapy Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Breborowicz
- Traumatology, Orthopedics and Hand Surgery Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Miedzyblocka
- Traumatology, Orthopedics and Hand Surgery Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Michal Adamski
- Traumatology, Orthopedics and Hand Surgery Student Scientific Group, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Krystian Kaczmarek
- Traumatology, Orthopedics and Hand Surgery Student Scientific Group, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Leszek Kaczmarek
- Traumatology, Orthopedics and Hand Surgery Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Leszek Romanowski
- Traumatology, Orthopedics and Hand Surgery Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ferioli D, Alcaraz PE, Freitas TT, Trimarchi F, Conte D, Formica L, Chung LH, Scanlan AT. The reliability and discriminant validity of physical, technical, and perceptual-physiological measures during a game-specific basketball activity simulation protocol. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1414339. [PMID: 38979070 PMCID: PMC11229049 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1414339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Activity simulation protocols offer useful applications in research and practice; however, the specificity of such protocols to basketball game-play is currently lacking. Consequently, this study aimed to develop a game-specific basketball activity simulation protocol representative of typical playing durations and assess its reliability and discriminant validity. The simulation protocol was modified from an original version (i.e., Basketball Exercise Simulation Test) to incorporate regular breaks indicative of time-outs, free-throws, and substitutions. Twelve competitive male and female adult basketball players competing in the fourth or fifth Spanish basketball division underwent repeated trials of the simulation protocol (min. 4 to max. 14 days apart) for reliability analyses. In turn, 13 competitive male (fifth division), 9 competitive female (fourth division), and 13 recreational male adult basketball players completed the simulation protocol to assess discriminant validity via comparisons between sexes (competitive players) and playing levels (males). A range of physical, technical, and perceptual-physiological variables were collected during and following the simulation protocol. Several physical and heart rate variables displayed the strongest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.72-0.96; coefficient of variation [CV] = 1.78-6.75%), with physical decrement, technical, blood lactate concentration, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) variables having the weakest (ICC = 0.52-0.75; CV = 10.34-30.85%). Regarding discriminant analyses between sexes, males demonstrated significantly greater physical outputs in several variables and lower RPE compared to females (p < 0.05, moderate-to-large effects). Comparisons between playing levels revealed competitive males had significantly greater physical outputs across many variables, alongside higher mean heart rate and lower RPE than recreational males (p < 0.05, moderate-to-large effects). This study presents a novel game-specific basketball activity simulation protocol replicating actual playing durations and game configurations that might be successfully applied for both training and research purposes. Reliability statistics are provided for several variables to inform end-users on potential measurement error when implementing the simulation protocol. Discriminant validity of the simulation protocol was supported for several variables, suggesting it may hold practical utility in benchmarking or selecting players. Future research on this topic is encouraged examining wider samples of male and female basketball players at different levels as well as additional forms of validity for the protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferioli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dental Sciences, and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Pedro E. Alcaraz
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- SCS—Strength & Conditioning Society, Murcia, Spain
| | - Tomás T. Freitas
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- SCS—Strength & Conditioning Society, Murcia, Spain
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- NAR—Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Trimarchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dental Sciences, and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Formica
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Linda H. Chung
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Aaron T. Scanlan
- School of Health, Medical, and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gaos S, Sánchez-Jorge S, Muñoz A, Vicente-Campos D, Acebes-Sánchez J, Esquius L, Scanlan AT, López-Samanes Á. Neuromuscular but Not Technical Performance is Affected by Time-of-Day in Semiprofessional, Female Basketball Players. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2024; 95:499-508. [PMID: 37856887 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2023.2265447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether variations in technical and neuromuscular performance occur across different times of the day in basketball players. Methods: Twenty semiprofessional, female basketball players (23 ± 4 years) competing in a second-division national basketball competition completed separate testing batteries in the morning (08:30) and in the afternoon (17:30) in a randomized counterbalanced order. Testing sessions consisted of a free-throw accuracy test to assess technical performance, as well as flexibility (ankle dorsiflexion range-of-motion test), dynamic balance (modified star excursion balance test), vertical jump height (squat jump, countermovement jump with and without arm swing), strength (isometric handgrip), change-of-direction speed (V-cut test), and linear speed (20-m sprint) tests to assess neuromuscular performance. Mechanism variables were also obtained including tympanic temperature, urinary specific gravity, and rating of perceived exertion at each session. Results: Squat jump height (6.7%; p = .001; effect size (ES) = 0.33), countermovement jump height with (4.1%; p = .018; ES = 0.27) and without arm swing (5.9%; p = .007; ES = 0.30), and 20-m sprint time (-1.4%; p = .015; ES = -0.32) were significantly superior in the afternoon compared to morning. Tympanic temperature was significantly higher in the afternoon than morning (1.4%; p < .001; ES = 1.31). In contrast, no significant differences between timepoints were evident for all remaining variables (p > .05; ES = -0.33 to 0.16). Conclusions: Some neuromuscular variables exhibited a time-of-day effect with better jump and sprint performance in the afternoon compared to morning in semiprofessional, female basketball players.
Collapse
|
4
|
Mereu F, Morosato F, Cordella F, Zollo L, Gruppioni E. Exploring the EMG transient: the muscular activation sequences used as novel time-domain features for hand gestures classification. Front Neurorobot 2023; 17:1264802. [PMID: 38023447 PMCID: PMC10667427 DOI: 10.3389/fnbot.2023.1264802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Muscular activation sequences have been shown to be suitable time-domain features for classification of motion gestures. However, their clinical application in myoelectric prosthesis control was never investigated so far. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the robustness of these features extracted from the EMG signal in transient state, on the forearm, for classifying common hand tasks. Methods The signal associated to four hand gestures and the rest condition were acquired from ten healthy people and two persons with trans-radial amputation. A feature extraction algorithm allowed for encoding the EMG signals into muscular activation sequences, which were used to train four commonly used classifiers, namely Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Non-linear Logistic Regression (NLR) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The offline performances were assessed with the entire sample of recruited people. The online performances were assessed with the amputee subjects. Moreover, a comparison of the proposed method with approaches based on the signal envelope in the transient state and in the steady state was conducted. Results The highest performance were obtained with the NLR classifier. Using the sequences, the offline classification accuracy was higher than 93% for healthy and amputee subjects and always higher than the approach with the signal envelope in transient state. As regards the comparison with the steady state, the performances obtained with the proposed method are slightly lower (<4%), but the classification occurred at least 200 ms earlier. In the online application, the motion completion rate reached up to 85% of the total classification attempts, with a motion selection time that never exceeded 218 ms. Discussion Muscular activation sequences are suitable alternatives to the time-domain features commonly used in classification problems belonging to the sole EMG transient state and could be potentially exploited in control strategies of myoelectric prosthesis hands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Mereu
- Centro Protesi Inail, Vigorso di Budrio, Bologna, Italy
- Unit of Advanced Robotics and Human-Centred Technologies, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Cordella
- Unit of Advanced Robotics and Human-Centred Technologies, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Zollo
- Unit of Advanced Robotics and Human-Centred Technologies, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Konieczny M, Domaszewski P, Skorupska E, Borysiuk Z, Słomka KJ. Age-Related Differences in Intermuscular Coherence EMG-EMG of Ankle Joint Antagonist Muscle Activity during Maximal Leaning. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:7527. [PMID: 36236626 PMCID: PMC9573255 DOI: 10.3390/s22197527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermuscular synchronization is one of the fundamental aspects of maintaining a stable posture and is of great importance in the aging process. This study aimed to assess muscle synchronization and postural stabilizer asymmetry during quiet standing and the limits of stability using wavelet analysis. Intermuscular synchrony and antagonistic sEMG-sEMG (surface electromyography) coherence asymmetry were evaluated in the tibialis anterior and soleus muscles. METHODS The study involved 20 elderly (aged 65 ± 3.6) and 20 young (aged 21 ± 1.3) subjects. The task was to perform a maximum forward bend in a standing position. The prone test was divided into three phases: quiet standing (10 s), dynamic learning, and maintenance of maximum leaning (20 s). Wavelet analysis of coherence was performed in the delta and beta bands. RESULTS Young subjects modulated interface coherences to a greater extent in the beta band. Analysis of postural stability during standing tasks showed that only the parameter R2b (the distance between the maximal and minimal position central of pressure), as an indicator for assessing the practical limits of stability, was found to be significantly associated with differences in aging. CONCLUSION The results showed differences in the beta and delta band oscillations between young and older subjects in a postural task involving standing quietly and leaning forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Konieczny
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, 45-068 Opole, Poland
| | - Przemysław Domaszewski
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, 45-060 Opole, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Skorupska
- Department of Physiotherapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Borysiuk
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, 45-068 Opole, Poland
| | - Kajetan J. Słomka
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu J, Zhang L, Yang H, Lu C, Jiang L, Chen Y. The Effect of Music Tempo on Fatigue Perception at Different Exercise Intensities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073869. [PMID: 35409552 PMCID: PMC8997730 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to clarify the effect of music tempo on runners’ perception of fatigue at different exercise intensities and while listening to music of different tempos through running experiments. Methods: This study used a within-subject two-factor experimental design with music tempo (fast music, slow music, no music) and exercise intensity (high intensity, low intensity) as independent variables and the time to fatigue perception (TFP), the difference in heart rate (HR) and the difference in the median frequency (MF) of surface electromyography (sEMG) signals as observation indexes. Eighteen participants completed a total of 108 sets of running experiments. Results: (1) The main effect of music tempo on the TFP was significant (p < 0.001). (2) The main effect of exercise intensity on the TFP was significant (p < 0.001), and the main effect on the difference in HR was significant (p < 0.001). (3) The interaction effect of music tempo and exercise intensity on the TFP was significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Exercisers’ subjective perception of fatigue was affected by music tempo and the interaction between music tempo and exercise intensity, and exercisers’ objective fatigue perception was influenced mostly by exercise intensity. The findings of this study provide guidance for runners’ choice of music at different intensities of exercise. Whether it is low-intensity exercise or high-intensity exercise, listening to fast music while exercising can help runners perform better mentally and physically during their runs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Wu
- Industrial Design and Research Institute, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (J.W.); (H.Y.)
| | - Lingyan Zhang
- School of Design and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (L.Z.); (L.J.); (Y.C.)
| | - Hongchun Yang
- Industrial Design and Research Institute, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (J.W.); (H.Y.)
| | - Chunfu Lu
- Industrial Design and Research Institute, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (J.W.); (H.Y.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Lu Jiang
- School of Design and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (L.Z.); (L.J.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yuyun Chen
- School of Design and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (L.Z.); (L.J.); (Y.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Schmitzhaus VM, Oliveira WG, Almeida MBD. High-intensity effort impairs basketball free-throw shooting efficiency. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-657420220000422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|