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Liu Z, Wang H, Han H, Li N, Zheng Z, Liang S, Zhong R, Chen L, Yan J, Mu S. The protective effect of dulcitol on lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal injury in piglets: mechanistic insights. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 133:109719. [PMID: 39103108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect of dulcitol on LPS-induced intestinal injury in piglets and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. A total of 108 piglets were divided into three groups: CON, LPS, and DUL. The CON and LPS groups were fed a basal diet, the DUL group was fed a diet supplementation with 500 mg/kg dulcitol. On day 29, 6 piglets in the LPS and DUL groups were injected with 100 μg/kg BW of LPS. At 4 h postchallenge, all pigs were slaughtered, and colonic samples were collected. Results showed that dulcitol supplementation boosted intestinal barrier function in LPS-challenged piglets by enhancing intestinal morphology and integrity, and increasing the gene expression of zonula occludens-1, claudin-1, and occludin in the colonic mucosa (P <0.05). Metabolomics showed DUL supplementation mainly increased (P <0.05) the metabolites related to steroid and vitamin metabolism (Cholesterol and Vitamin C). Proteomics showed that dulcitol supplementation altered the protein expression involved in maintaining barrier integrity (FN1, CADM1, and PARD3), inhibiting inflammatory response (SLP1, SFN, and IRF3), and apoptosis (including FAS, ING1, BTK, MTHFR, NOX, and P53BP2) in LPS-challenged piglets (P <0.05). Additionally, dulcitol addition also suppressed the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and apoptosis in mRNA and protein levels. Dulcitol increased the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria (Lactobacillus, Blautia, and Faecalibacterium) at the genus level, but decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria at the phylum level and Pseudomonas and Delftia at the genus level in piglets (P<.05). In conclusion, these results suggested that the addition of dulcitol alleviated LPS-induced intestinal barrier injury in piglets, probably by maintaining its integrity, inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways and apoptosis, and modulating the gut microbiota. Therefore, dulcitol can be considered a potential dietary additive for improving intestinal health in pig models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqun Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Breeding and Biotechnology; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Animal Healthy Farming; Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Han Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Breeding and Biotechnology; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Animal Healthy Farming; Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Breeding and Biotechnology; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Animal Healthy Farming; Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Zi Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Breeding and Biotechnology; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Animal Healthy Farming; Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiyue Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Breeding and Biotechnology; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Animal Healthy Farming; Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruqing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Breeding and Biotechnology; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Animal Healthy Farming; Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China.
| | - Shuqin Mu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Breeding and Biotechnology; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Animal Healthy Farming; Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China.
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Etlin S, Rose J, Bielski L, Walter C, Kleinman AS, Mason CE. The human microbiome in space: parallels between Earth-based dysbiosis, implications for long-duration spaceflight, and possible mitigation strategies. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024; 37:e0016322. [PMID: 39136453 PMCID: PMC11391694 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00163-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYThe human microbiota encompasses the diverse communities of microorganisms that reside in, on, and around various parts of the human body, such as the skin, nasal passages, and gastrointestinal tract. Although research is ongoing, it is well established that the microbiota exert a substantial influence on the body through the production and modification of metabolites and small molecules. Disruptions in the composition of the microbiota-dysbiosis-have also been linked to various negative health outcomes. As humans embark upon longer-duration space missions, it is important to understand how the conditions of space travel impact the microbiota and, consequently, astronaut health. This article will first characterize the main taxa of the human gut microbiota and their associated metabolites, before discussing potential dysbiosis and negative health consequences. It will also detail the microbial changes observed in astronauts during spaceflight, focusing on gut microbiota composition and pathogenic virulence and survival. Analysis will then turn to how astronaut health may be protected from adverse microbial changes via diet, exercise, and antibiotics before concluding with a discussion of the microbiota of spacecraft and microbial culturing methods in space. The implications of this review are critical, particularly with NASA's ongoing implementation of the Moon to Mars Architecture, which will include weeks or months of living in space and new habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Etlin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- BioAstra Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | - Julianna Rose
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- BioAstra Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | - Luca Bielski
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Claire Walter
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- BioAstra Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | - Ashley S Kleinman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christopher E Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- BioAstra Inc., New York, New York, USA
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Tri-Institutional Biology and Medicine program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Duysburgh C, Velumani D, Garg V, Cheong JWY, Marzorati M. Combined Supplementation of Inulin and Bacillus coagulans Lactospore Demonstrates Synbiotic Potential in the Mucosal Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (M-SHIME ®) Model. J Diet Suppl 2024:1-19. [PMID: 39087597 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2380262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Prebiotic and probiotic combinations may lead to a synbiotic effect, demonstrating superior health benefits over either component alone. Using the Mucosal Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (M-SHIME®) model, the effects of repeated supplementation with inulin (prebiotic, which is expected to provide a source of nutrition for the live microorganisms in the gut to potentially support optimal digestive health), Bacillus coagulans lactospore (probiotic), and a low and high dose of a synbiotic combination of the two on the gut microbial community activity and composition were evaluated. Test product supplementation increased the health-promoting short-chain fatty acids acetate and butyrate compared with levels recorded during the control period, demonstrating a stimulation of saccharolytic fermentation. This was likely the result of the increased abundance of several saccharolytic bacterial groups, including Megamonas, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium, following test product supplementation. The stimulation of acetate and butyrate production, as well as the increased abundance of saccharolytic bacterial groups were more evident in treatment week 3 compared with treatment week 1, demonstrating the value of repeated product administration. Further, the synbiotic formulations tended to result in greater changes compared with prebiotic or probiotic alone. Overall, the findings demonstrate a synbiotic potential for inulin and B. coagulans lactospore and support repeated administration of these products, indicating a potential for promoting gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepapriya Velumani
- Haleon (GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare Pte Ltd), Rochester Park, Singapore
| | - Vandana Garg
- Haleon (GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare Pte Ltd), Rochester Park, Singapore
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Liou JS, Zhang WL, Hsu LW, Chen CC, Wang YT, Mori K, Hidaka K, Hamada M, Huang L, Watanabe K, Huang CH. Faecalibacterium taiwanense sp. nov., isolated from human faeces. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74:006413. [PMID: 38848117 PMCID: PMC11261667 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Two Gram-stain-negative, straight rods, non-motile, asporogenous, catalase-negative and obligately anaerobic butyrate-producing strains, HLW78T and CYL33, were isolated from faecal samples of two healthy Taiwanese adults. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA and DNA mismatch repair protein MutL (mutL) gene sequences revealed that these two novel strains belonged to the genus Faecalibacterium. On the basis of 16S rRNA and mutL gene sequence similarities, the type strains Faecalibacterium butyricigenerans AF52-21T(98.3-98.1 % and 79.0-79.5 % similarity), Faecalibacterium duncaniae A2-165T(97.8-97.9 % and 70.9-80.1 %), Faecalibacterium hattorii APC922/41-1T(97.1-97.3 % and 80.3-80.5 %), Faecalibacterium longum CM04-06T(97.8-98.0% and 78.3 %) and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii ATCC 27768T(97.3-97.4 % and 82.7-82.9 %) were the closest neighbours to the novel strains HLW78T and CYL33. Strains HLW78T and CYL33 had 99.4 % both the 16S rRNA and mutL gene sequence similarities, 97.9 % average nucleotide identity (ANI), 96.3 % average amino acid identity (AAI), and 80.5 % digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values, indicating that these two strains are members of the same species. Phylogenomic tree analysis indicated that strains HLW78T and CYL33 formed an independent robust cluster together with F. prausnitzii ATCC 27768T. The ANI, AAI and dDDH values between strain HLW78T and its closest neighbours were below the species delineation thresholds of 77.6-85.1 %, 71.4-85.2 % and 28.3-30.9 %, respectively. The two novel strains could be differentiated from the type strains of their closest Faecalibacterium species based on their cellular fatty acid compositions, which contained C18 : 1 ω7c and lacked C15 : 0 and C17 : 1 ω6c, respectively. Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic test results demonstrated that the two novel strains HLW78T and CYL33 represented a single, novel species within the genus Faecalibacterium, for which the name Faecalibacterium taiwanense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HLW78T (=BCRC 81397T=NBRC 116372T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Shian Liou
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, 331 Shih-Pin Rd, Hsinchu 30062, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Ling Zhang
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, 331 Shih-Pin Rd, Hsinchu 30062, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-Wen Hsu
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, 331 Shih-Pin Rd, Hsinchu 30062, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Chieh Chen
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
- Rapid Screening Research Center for Toxicology and Biomedicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Ting Wang
- Division of Research and Analysis, Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11561, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Koji Mori
- Biological Resource Center, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NBRC), 2-5-8 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Kohei Hidaka
- Biological Resource Center, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NBRC), 2-5-8 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Moriyuki Hamada
- Biological Resource Center, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NBRC), 2-5-8 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Lina Huang
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, 331 Shih-Pin Rd, Hsinchu 30062, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Koichi Watanabe
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd., Taipei 10673, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Hsun Huang
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, 331 Shih-Pin Rd, Hsinchu 30062, Taiwan, ROC
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Li W, Lin X, Liang H, Wu Z, Wang M, Sun J, Li X, He W, Gao X, Hu T, Xiao L, Zou Y. Genomic and functional diversity of the human-derived isolates of Faecalibacterium. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1379500. [PMID: 38873165 PMCID: PMC11169845 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1379500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Faecalibacterium is one of the most abundant bacteria in the gut microbiota of healthy adults, highly regarded as a next-generation probiotic. However, the functions of Faecalibacterium genomes from cultured strains and the distribution of different species in populations may differ among different sources. Methods We here performed an extensive analysis of pan-genomes, functions, and safety evaluation of 136 Faecalibacterium genomes collected from 10 countries. Results The genomes are clustered into 11 clusters, with only five of them were characterized and validly nomenclated. Over 80% of the accessory genes and unique genes of Faecalibacterium are found with unknown function, which reflects the importance of expanding the collection of Faecalibacterium strains. All the genomes have the potential to produce acetic acid and butyric acid. Nine clusters of Faecalibacterium are found significantly enriched in the healthy individuals compared with patients with type II diabetes.. Discussion This study provides a comprehensive view of genomic characteristic and functions and of culturable Faecalibacterium bacterium from human gut, and enables clinical advances in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqian Lin
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hewei Liang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Research, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhinan Wu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxi Sun
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | | | - Tongyuan Hu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI Research, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Fu J, Hao Z. The causality between gut microbiota and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1403825. [PMID: 38860220 PMCID: PMC11163074 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1403825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have indicated an association between gut microbiota (GM) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). However, the causality between GM and NHL remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the causality between GM and NHL using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods Data on GM is sourced from the MiBioGen consortium, while data on NHL and its subtypes is sourced from the FinnGen consortium R10 version. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) was employed for the primary MR analysis method, with methods such as Bayesian weighted Mendelian randomisation (BWMR) as an adjunct. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger regression, MR-PRESSO, and the "Leave-one-out" method. Results The MR results showed that there is a causality between 27 GMs and NHL. Among them, 20 were negatively associated (OR < 1), and 7 were positively associated (OR > 1) with the corresponding diseases. All 27 MR results passed sensitivity tests, and there was no reverse causal association. Conclusion By demonstrating a causal link between GM and NHL, this research offers novel ideas to prevent, monitor, and cure NHL later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjie Fu
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zheng Hao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Theory of Innovation and Application, Tianjin, China
- Guo Aichun Institute of Medical History and Literature, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Yadav A, Kaushik M, Tiwari P, Dada R. From microbes to medicine: harnessing the gut microbiota to combat prostate cancer. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2024; 11:187-197. [PMID: 38803512 PMCID: PMC11129862 DOI: 10.15698/mic2024.05.824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome (GM) has been identified as a crucial factor in the development and progression of various diseases, including cancer. In the case of prostate cancer, commensal bacteria and other microbes are found to be associated with its development. Recent studies have demonstrated that the human GM, including Bacteroides, Streptococcus, Bacteroides massiliensis, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Eubacterium rectale, and Mycoplasma genitalium, are involved in prostate cancer development through both direct and indirect interactions. However, the pathogenic mechanisms of these interactions are yet to be fully understood. Moreover, the microbiota influences systemic hormone levels and contributes to prostate cancer pathogenesis. Currently, it has been shown that supplementation of prebiotics or probiotics can modify the composition of GM and prevent the onset of prostate cancer. The microbiota can also affect drug metabolism and toxicity, which may improve the response to cancer treatment. The composition of the microbiome is crucial for therapeutic efficacy and a potential target for modulating treatment response. However, their clinical application is still limited. Additionally, GM-based cancer therapies face limitations due to the complexity and diversity of microbial composition, and the lack of standardized protocols for manipulating gut microbiota, such as optimal probiotic selection, treatment duration, and administration timing, hindering widespread use. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive exploration of the GM's involvement in prostate cancer pathogenesis. We delve into the underlying mechanisms and discuss their potential implications for both therapeutic and diagnostic approaches in managing prostate cancer. Through this analysis, we offer valuable insights into the pivotal role of the microbiome in prostate cancer and its promising application in future clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Yadav
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)India.
| | | | - Prabhakar Tiwari
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)India.
| | - Rima Dada
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)India.
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Song HS, Kim YB, Kim JY, Roh SW, Whon TW. Advances in Culturomics Research on the Human Gut Microbiome: Optimizing Medium Composition and Culture Techniques for Enhanced Microbial Discovery. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:757-764. [PMID: 38379289 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2311.11024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Despite considerable advancements achieved using next-generation sequencing technologies in exploring microbial diversity, several species of the gut microbiome remain unknown. In this transformative era, culturomics has risen to prominence as a pivotal approach in unveiling realms of microbial diversity that were previously deemed inaccessible. Utilizing innovative strategies to optimize growth and culture medium composition, scientists have successfully cultured hard-to-cultivate microbes. This progress has fostered the discovery and understanding of elusive microbial entities, highlighting their essential role in human health and disease paradigms. In this review, we emphasize the importance of culturomics research on the gut microbiome and provide new theories and insights for expanding microbial diversity via the optimization of cultivation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Seon Song
- Division of Environmental Materials, Honam National Institute of Biological Resource (HNIBR), Mokpo 58762, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Bee Kim
- Kimchi Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Yong Kim
- Microbiome Research Institute, LISCure Biosciences Inc., Gyeonggi-do 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woon Roh
- Microbiome Research Institute, LISCure Biosciences Inc., Gyeonggi-do 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woong Whon
- Kimchi Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
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Paukkonen I, Törrönen EN, Lok J, Schwab U, El-Nezami H. The impact of intermittent fasting on gut microbiota: a systematic review of human studies. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1342787. [PMID: 38410639 PMCID: PMC10894978 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1342787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Intermittent fasting (IF) has gained popularity in interventions targeting overweight, obesity and metabolic syndrome. IF may affect the gut microbiome composition and therefore have various effects on gut microbiome mediated functions in humans. Research on the effects of IF on human gut microbiome is limited. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to determine how different types of IF affect the human gut microbiome. Methods A literature search was conducted for studies investigating the association of different types of IF and gut microbiota richness, alpha and beta diversity, and composition in human subjects. Databases included Cochrane Library (RRID:SCR_013000), PubMed (RRID:SCR_004846), Scopus (RRID:SCR_022559) and Web of Science (RRID:SCR_022706). A total of 1,332 studies were retrieved, of which 940 remained after removing duplicates. Ultimately, a total of 8 studies were included in the review. The included studies were randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies and pilot studies implementing an IF intervention (time-restricted eating, alternate day fasting or 5:2 diet) in healthy subjects or subjects with any disease. Results Most studies found an association between IF and gut microbiota richness, diversity and compositional changes. There was heterogeneity in the results, and bacteria which were found to be statistically significantly affected by IF varied widely depending on the study. Conclusion The findings in this systematic review suggest that IF influences gut microbiota. It seems possible that IF can improve richness and alpha diversity. Due to the substantial heterogeneity of the results, more research is required to validate these findings and clarify whether the compositional changes might be beneficial to human health. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42021241619.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa Paukkonen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elli-Noora Törrönen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johnson Lok
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hani El-Nezami
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Area, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Goudman L, Demuyser T, Pilitsis JG, Billot M, Roulaud M, Rigoard P, Moens M. Gut dysbiosis in patients with chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1342833. [PMID: 38352865 PMCID: PMC10862364 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1342833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent evidence supports the contribution of gut microbiota dysbiosis to the pathophysiology of rheumatic diseases, neuropathic pain, and neurodegenerative disorders. The bidirectional gut-brain communication network and the occurrence of chronic pain both involve contributions of the autonomic nervous system and the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis. Nevertheless, the current understanding of the association between gut microbiota and chronic pain is still not clear. Therefore, the aim of this study is to systematically evaluate the existing knowledge about gut microbiota alterations in chronic pain conditions. Methods Four databases were consulted for this systematic literature review: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the risk of bias. The study protocol was prospectively registered at the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO, CRD42023430115). Alpha-diversity, β-diversity, and relative abundance at different taxonomic levels were summarized qualitatively, and quantitatively if possible. Results The initial database search identified a total of 3544 unique studies, of which 21 studies were eventually included in the systematic review and 11 in the meta-analysis. Decreases in alpha-diversity were revealed in chronic pain patients compared to controls for several metrics: observed species (SMD= -0.201, 95% CI from -0.04 to -0.36, p=0.01), Shannon index (SMD= -0.27, 95% CI from -0.11 to -0.43, p<0.001), and faith phylogenetic diversity (SMD -0.35, 95% CI from -0.08 to -0.61, p=0.01). Inconsistent results were revealed for beta-diversity. A decrease in the relative abundance of the Lachnospiraceae family, genus Faecalibacterium and Roseburia, and species of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Odoribacter splanchnicus, as well as an increase in Eggerthella spp., was revealed in chronic pain patients compared to controls. Discussion Indications for gut microbiota dysbiosis were revealed in chronic pain patients, with non-specific disease alterations of microbes. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023430115.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Goudman
- STIMULUS (Research and Teaching Neuromodulation Uz Brussel) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Pain in Motion (PAIN) Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Thomas Demuyser
- Department Microbiology and Infection Control, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- AIMS Lab, Center for Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie G. Pilitsis
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Maxime Billot
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | - Manuel Roulaud
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | - Philippe Rigoard
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
- Department of Spine Surgery and Neuromodulation, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
- Pprime Institute UPR 3346, CNRS, ISAE-ENSMA, University of Poitiers, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, France
| | - Maarten Moens
- STIMULUS (Research and Teaching Neuromodulation Uz Brussel) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Pain in Motion (PAIN) Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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11
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Liu X, Wang M, Hu T, Lin X, Liang H, Li W, Zhao S, Zhong Y, Zhang H, Ge L, Jin X, Xiao L, Zou Y. Safety assessment of potential probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus AM13-1 with high cholesterol-lowering capability isolated from human gut. Lett Appl Microbiol 2024; 77:ovad143. [PMID: 38126115 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovad143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
An important risk factor for cardiovascular disease is dyslipidemia, especially abnormal cholesterol levels. The relation between probiotics and cholesterol-lowering capability has been extensively studied. Lactobacillus acidophilus plays a significant role in affecting host health, and produces multitudinous metabolites, which have prohibitory functions against pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, we identified a cholesterol-lowering strain AM13-1, isolated from a fecal sample obtained from a healthy adult male, and performed comprehensive function analysis by whole-genome analysis and in vitro experiments. Genome analyses of L. acidophilus AM13-1 revealed that carbohydrate and amino acid transport, metabolism, translation, ribosomal structure, and biogenesis are abundant categories of functional genes. No virulence factors or toxin genes with experimentally verified were found in the genome of strain AM13-1. Besides, plenty of probiotic-related genes were predicted from the L. acidophilus AM13-1 genome, such as cbh, atpA-D, and dltD, with functions related to cholesterol-lowering and acid resistance. And strain AM13-1 showed high-efficiency of bile salt hydrolase activity and the capacity for removing cholesterol with efficiency rates of 70%. These function properties indicate that strain AM13-1 can be considered as a probiotic candidate for use in food and health care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Liu
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tongyuan Hu
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- BGI Research, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaoqian Lin
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hewei Liang
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- BGI Research, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wenxi Li
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | - Yiyi Zhong
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- BGI Precision Nutrition, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- BGI Precision Nutrition, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Lan Ge
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- BGI Precision Nutrition, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Xin Jin
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- BGI Research, Wuhan 430074, China
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative Medicine Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for LifeSciences, BGI Research, Qingdao 266555, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zou
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- BGI Research, Wuhan 430074, China
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative Medicine Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for LifeSciences, BGI Research, Qingdao 266555, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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12
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Wheeler R, Gomperts Boneca I. The hidden base of the iceberg: gut peptidoglycome dynamics is foundational to its influence on the host. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2395099. [PMID: 39239828 PMCID: PMC11382707 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2395099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota of humans includes a highly diverse range of bacterial species. All these bacteria possess a cell wall, composed primarily of the macromolecule peptidoglycan. As such, the gut also harbors an abundant and varied peptidoglycome. A remarkable range of host physiological pathways are regulated by peptidoglycan fragments that originate from the gut microbiota and enter the host system. Interactions between the host system and peptidoglycan can influence physiological development and homeostasis, promote health, or contribute to inflammatory disease. Underlying these effects is the interplay between microbiota composition and enzymatic processes that shape the intestinal peptidoglycome, dictating the types of peptidoglycan generated, that subsequently cross the gut barrier. In this review, we highlight and discuss the hidden and emerging functional aspects of the microbiome, i.e. the hidden base of the iceberg, that modulate the composition of gut peptidoglycan, and how these fundamental processes are drivers of physiological outcomes for the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Wheeler
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Hauts-de-Seine, Arthritis Research and Development, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
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13
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Das A, Behera RN, Kapoor A, Ambatipudi K. The Potential of Meta-Proteomics and Artificial Intelligence to Establish the Next Generation of Probiotics for Personalized Healthcare. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:17528-17542. [PMID: 37955263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The symbiosis of probiotic bacteria with humans has rendered various health benefits while providing nutrition and a suitable environment for their survival. However, the probiotics must survive unfavorable gut conditions to exert beneficial effects. The intrinsic resistance of probiotics to survive harsh conditions results from a myriad of proteins. Interaction of microbial proteins with the host is indispensable for modulating the gut microbiome, such as interaction with cell receptors and protective action against pathogens. The complex interplay of proteins should be unraveled by utilizing metaproteomic strategies. The contribution of probiotics to health is now widely accepted. However, due to the inconsistency of generalized probiotics, contemporary research toward precision probiotics has gained momentum for customized treatment. This review explores the application of metaproteomics and AI/ML algorithms in resolving multiomics data analysis and in silico prediction of microbial features for screening specific beneficial probiotic organisms. Implementing these integrative strategies could augment the potential of precision probiotics for personalized healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Das
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Rama N Behera
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Ayushi Kapoor
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Kiran Ambatipudi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
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14
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Munson E, Carella A, Carroll KC. Valid and accepted novel bacterial taxa derived from human clinical specimens and taxonomic revisions published in 2022. J Clin Microbiol 2023; 61:e0083823. [PMID: 37889007 PMCID: PMC10662342 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00838-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although some nomenclature changes have caused consternation among clinical microbiologists, the discovery of novel taxa and improving classification of existing groups of organisms is exciting and adds to our understanding of microbial pathogenesis. In this mini-review, we present an in-depth summary of novel taxonomic designations and revisions to prokaryotic taxonomy that were published in 2022. Henceforth, these bacteriology taxonomic summaries will appear annually. Several of the novel Gram-positive organisms have been associated with disease, namely, the Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii-like organisms Corynebacterium parakroppenstedtii sp. nov. and Corynebacterium pseudokroppenstedtii sp. nov. A newly described Streptococcus species, Streptococcus toyakuensis sp. nov., is noteworthy for exhibiting multi-drug resistance. Among the novel Gram-negative pathogens, Vibrio paracholerae sp. nov. stands out as an organism associated with diarrhea and sepsis and has probably been co-circulating with pandemic Vibrio cholerae for decades. Many new anaerobic organisms have been described in this past year largely from genetic assessments of gastrointestinal microbiome collections. With respect to revised taxa, as discussed in previous reviews, the genus Bacillus continues to undergo further division into additional genera and reassignment of existing species into them. Reassignment of two subspecies of Fusobacterium nucleatum to species designations (Fusobacterium animalis sp. nov. and Fusobacterium vincentii sp. nov.) is also noteworthy. As was typical of previous reviews, literature updates for selected clinically relevant organisms discovered between 2017 and 2021 have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Munson
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Arianna Carella
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Karen C. Carroll
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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15
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Cao X, Wang X, Ren Y, Sun Y, Yang Z, Ge J, Ping W. Lonicera caerulea L. polyphenols improve short-chain fatty acid levels by reshaping the microbial structure of fermented feces in vitro. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1228700. [PMID: 37965545 PMCID: PMC10641692 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1228700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely related to the gut microbiota. Polyphenols have been shown to alleviate T2DM, but the effects of L. caerulea L. polyphenols (LPs) on the gut microbiota and metabolites remain elusive. In this study, the inhibitory effects of fermented L. caerulea L. polyphenols (FLPs) and unfermented L. caerulea L. polyphenols (ULPs) on α-amylase and α-glucosidase and the impact of LP on the gut microbiota and metabolites were investigated. Furthermore, the relationship between the two was revealed through correlation analysis. The results showed that ULP and FLP had the highest inhibitory rates against α-amylase and α-glucosidase at 4 mg ml-1, indicating a strong inhibitory ability. In addition, LP plays a regulatory role in the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and tends to restore them to their normal levels. LP reversed the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota caused by T2DM, as evidenced by an increase in the abundance of bacterial genera such as Lactobacillus, Blautia, and Bacteroides and a decrease in the abundance of bacterial genera such as Escherichia-Shigella and Streptococcus. Similarly, after LP intervention, the relationships among microbial species became more complex and interconnected. In addition, the correlation between the gut microbiota and metabolites was established through correlation analysis. These further findings clarify the mechanism of action of LP against T2DM and provide a new target for T2DM interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Cao
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuemeng Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanxin Ren
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Yangcun Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhichao Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingping Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Wenxiang Ping
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao, China
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16
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Romano K, Shah AN, Schumacher A, Zasowski C, Zhang T, Bradley-Ridout G, Merriman K, Parkinson J, Szatmari P, Campisi SC, Korczak DJ. The gut microbiome in children with mood, anxiety, and neurodevelopmental disorders: An umbrella review. GUT MICROBIOME (CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND) 2023; 4:e18. [PMID: 39295902 PMCID: PMC11406386 DOI: 10.1017/gmb.2023.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
Research on the gut microbiome and mental health among children and adolescents is growing. This umbrella review provides a high-level overview of current evidence syntheses to amalgamate current research and inform future directions. Searches were conducted across seven databases for peer-reviewed pediatric (<18 years) review literature. Studies reporting gut microbiome composition and/or biotic supplementation on depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) were included. Deduplication and screening took place in Covidence. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the degree of primary study overlap. Among the 39 included review studies, 23 (59%) were observational and 16 (41%) were interventional. Most reviews (92%) focused on ASD. Over half (56%) of the observational and interventional reviews scored low or critically low for methodological quality. A higher abundance of Clostridium clusters and a lower abundance of Bifidobacterium were consistently observed in ASD studies. Biotic supplementation was associated with ASD symptom improvement. Gut microbiome-mental health evidence syntheses in child and youth depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and OCD are lacking. Preliminary evidence suggests an association between specific microbiota and ASD symptoms, with some evidence supporting a role for probiotic supplementation ASD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin Romano
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ashka N Shah
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anett Schumacher
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clare Zasowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Kaitlyn Merriman
- Gerstein Science Information Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John Parkinson
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susan C Campisi
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daphne J Korczak
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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17
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Eickhardt-Dalbøge CS, Ingham AC, Nielsen HV, Fuursted K, Stensvold CR, Andersen LO, Larsen MK, Kjær L, Christensen SF, Knudsen TA, Skov V, Ellervik C, Olsen LR, Hasselbalch HC, Elmer Christensen JJ, Nielsen XC. Pronounced gut microbiota signatures in patients with JAK2V617F-positive essential thrombocythemia. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0066223. [PMID: 37695126 PMCID: PMC10581245 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00662-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is part of the Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms. It is characterized by an increased risk of thromboembolic events and also to a certain degree hypermetabolic symptoms. The gut microbiota is an important initiator of hematopoiesis and regulation of the immune system, but in patients with ET, where inflammation is a hallmark of the disease, it is vastly unexplored. In this study, we compared the gut microbiota via amplicon-based 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3-V4 region in 54 patients with ET according to mutation status Janus-kinase 2 (JAK2V617F)-positive vs JAK2V617F-negative patients with ET, and in 42 healthy controls (HCs). Gut microbiota richness was higher in patients with ET (median-observed richness, 283.5; range, 75-535) compared with HCs (median-observed richness, 191.5; range, 111-300; P < 0.001). Patients with ET had a different overall bacterial composition (beta diversity) than HCs (analysis of similarities [ANOSIM]; R = 0.063, P = 0.004). Patients with ET had a significantly lower relative abundance of taxa within the Firmicutes phylum compared with HCs (51% vs 59%, P = 0.03), and within that phylum, patients with ET also had a lower relative abundance of the genus Faecalibacterium (8% vs 15%, P < 0.001), an important immunoregulative bacterium. The microbiota signatures were more pronounced in patients harboring the JAK2V617F mutation, and highly similar to patients with polycythemia vera as previously described. These findings suggest that patients with ET may have an altered immune regulation; however, whether this dysregulation is induced in part by, or is itself inducing, an altered gut microbiota remains to be investigated. IMPORTANCE Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a cancer characterized by thrombocyte overproduction. Inflammation has been shown to be vital in both the initiation and progression of other myeloproliferative neoplasms, and it is well known that the gut microbiota is important in the regulation of our immune system. However, the gut microbiota of patients with ET remains uninvestigated. In this study, we characterized the gut microbiota of patients with ET compared with healthy controls and thereby provide new insights into the field. We show that the gut microbiota of patients with ET differs significantly from that of healthy controls and the patients with ET have a lower relative abundance of important immunoregulative bacteria. Furthermore, we demonstrate that patients with JAK2V617F-positive ET have pronounced gut microbiota signatures compared with JAK2V617F-negative patients. Thereby confirming the importance of the underlying mutation, the immune response as well as the composition of the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schjellerup Eickhardt-Dalbøge
- Regional Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Cäcilia Ingham
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik V. Nielsen
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kurt Fuursted
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lee O'Brien Andersen
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Kranker Larsen
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lasse Kjær
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Trine Alma Knudsen
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Vibe Skov
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Christina Ellervik
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Data and Data Support, Region Zealand, Sorø, Denmark
| | - Lars Rønn Olsen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hans Carl Hasselbalch
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Jørgen Elmer Christensen
- Regional Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xiaohui Chen Nielsen
- Regional Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark
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18
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Vinderola G, Druart C, Gosálbez L, Salminen S, Vinot N, Lebeer S. Postbiotics in the medical field under the perspective of the ISAPP definition: scientific, regulatory, and marketing considerations. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1239745. [PMID: 37745060 PMCID: PMC10515206 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1239745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverse terms have been used in the literature to refer to the health benefits obtained from the administration of non-viable microorganisms or their cell fragments and metabolites. In an effort to provide continuity to this emerging field, the International Scientific Association of Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) convened a panel of experts to consider this category of substances and adopted the term postbiotic, which they defined as a "preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host." This definition does not stipulate any specific health benefit, finished product, target population or regulatory status. In this perspective article, we focused on postbiotics developed for pharmaceutical uses, including medicinal products and medical devices. We address how this field is regulated for products based on inanimate microorganisms, marketing considerations and existing examples of postbiotics products developed as cosmetics for the skin, for vaginal health, and as orally consumed products. We focus on the European Union for regulatory aspects, but also give examples from other geographical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Vinderola
- Instituto de Lactología Industrial (CONICET-UNL), Faculty of Chemical Engineering, National University of Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | | | | | - Seppo Salminen
- Functional Foods Forum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Sarah Lebeer
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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19
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El-Salhy M. Intestinal bacteria associated with irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 35:e14621. [PMID: 37246923 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is unknown. Abnormal intestinal bacterial profiles and low bacterial diversity appear to play important roles in the pathophysiology of IBS. This narrative review was designed to present recent observations made relating to fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which implicate possible roles of 11 intestinal bacteria in the pathophysiology of IBS. The intestinal abundances of nine of these bacteria increased after FMT in patients with IBS, and these increases were inversely correlated with IBS symptoms and fatigue severity. These bacteria were Alistipes spp., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Eubacterium biforme, Holdemanella biformis, Prevotella spp., Bacteroides stercoris, Parabacteroides johnsonii, Bacteroides zoogleoformans, and Lactobacillus spp. The intestinal abundances of two bacteria were decreased in patients with IBS after FMT and were correlated with the severity of IBS symptoms and fatigue (Streptococcus thermophilus and Coprobacillus cateniformis). Ten of these bacteria are anaerobic and one (Streptococcus thermophilus) is facultative anaerobic. Several of these bacteria produce short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, which is used as an energy source by large intestine epithelial cells. Moreover, it modulates the immune response and hypersensitivity of the large intestine and decreases intestinal cell permeability and intestinal motility. These bacteria could be used as probiotics to improve these conditions. Protein-rich diets could increase the intestinal abundance of Alistipes, and plant-rich diet could increase the intestinal abundance of Prevotella spp., and consequently improve IBS and fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdy El-Salhy
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna, Stord, Norway
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20
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Guevara-Ramírez P, Cadena-Ullauri S, Paz-Cruz E, Tamayo-Trujillo R, Ruiz-Pozo VA, Zambrano AK. Role of the gut microbiota in hematologic cancer. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1185787. [PMID: 37692399 PMCID: PMC10485363 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1185787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematologic neoplasms represent 6.5% of all cancers worldwide. They are characterized by the uncontrolled growth of hematopoietic and lymphoid cells and a decreased immune system efficacy. Pathological conditions in hematologic cancer could disrupt the balance of the gut microbiota, potentially promoting the proliferation of opportunistic pathogens. In this review, we highlight studies that analyzed and described the role of gut microbiota in different types of hematologic diseases. For instance, myeloma is often associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Clostridium leptum, while in leukemias, Streptococcus is the most common genus, and Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae are less prevalent. Lymphoma exhibits a moderate reduction in microbiota diversity. Moreover, certain factors such as delivery mode, diet, and other environmental factors can alter the diversity of the microbiota, leading to dysbiosis. This dysbiosis may inhibit the immune response and increase susceptibility to cancer. A comprehensive analysis of microbiota-cancer interactions may be useful for disease management and provide valuable information on host-microbiota dynamics, as well as the possible use of microbiota as a distinguishable marker for cancer progression.
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21
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Botin T, Ramirez-Chamorro L, Vidic J, Langella P, Martin-Verstraete I, Chatel JM, Auger S. The Tolerance of Gut Commensal Faecalibacterium to Oxidative Stress Is Strain Dependent and Relies on Detoxifying Enzymes. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0060623. [PMID: 37382539 PMCID: PMC10370306 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00606-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Obligate anaerobic bacteria in genus Faecalibacterium are among the most dominant taxa in the colon of healthy individuals and contribute to intestinal homeostasis. A decline in the abundance of this genus is associated with the occurrence of various gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases. In the colon, these diseases are accompanied by an imbalance between the generation and elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and oxidative stress is closely linked to disruptions in anaerobiosis. In this work, we explored the impact of oxidative stress on several strains of faecalibacteria. An in silico analysis of complete genomes of faecalibacteria revealed the presence of genes encoding O2- and/or ROS-detoxifying enzymes, including flavodiiron proteins, rubrerythrins, reverse rubrerythrins, superoxide reductases, and alkyl peroxidase. However, the presence and the number of these detoxification systems varied greatly among faecalibacteria. These results were confirmed by O2 stress survival tests, in which we found that strains differed widely in their sensitivity. We showed the protective role of cysteine, which limited the production of extracellular O2•- and improved the survival of Faecalibacterium longum L2-6 under high O2 tension. In the strain F. longum L2-6, we observed that the expression of genes encoding detoxifying enzymes was upregulated in the response to O2 or H2O2 stress but with different patterns of regulation. Based on these results, we propose a first model of the gene regulatory network involved in the response to oxidative stress in F. longum L2-6. IMPORTANCE Commensal bacteria in the genus Faecalibacterium have been proposed for use as next-generation probiotics, but efforts to cultivate and exploit the potential of these strains have been limited by their sensitivity to O2. More broadly, little is known about how commensal and health-associated bacterial species in the human microbiome respond to the oxidative stress that occurs as a result of inflammation in the colon. In this work, we provide insights regarding the genes that encode potential mechanisms of protection against O2 or ROS stress in faecalibacteria, which may facilitate future advances in work with these important bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Botin
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1319, MICALIS, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Luis Ramirez-Chamorro
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1319, MICALIS, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jasmina Vidic
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1319, MICALIS, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1319, MICALIS, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Isabelle Martin-Verstraete
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, UMR CNRS 6047, Laboratoire Pathogénèse des Bactéries Anaérobies, Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Chatel
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1319, MICALIS, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sandrine Auger
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR1319, MICALIS, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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22
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Martín R, Rios-Covian D, Huillet E, Auger S, Khazaal S, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Sokol H, Chatel JM, Langella P. Faecalibacterium: a bacterial genus with promising human health applications. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2023; 47:fuad039. [PMID: 37451743 PMCID: PMC10410495 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuad039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, many diseases are associated with alterations in gut microbiota, namely increases or decreases in the abundance of specific bacterial groups. One example is the genus Faecalibacterium. Numerous studies have underscored that low levels of Faecalibacterium are correlated with inflammatory conditions, with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the forefront. Its representation is also diminished in the case of several diseases, including colorectal cancer (CRC), dermatitis, and depression. Additionally, the relative presence of this genus is considered to reflect, at least in part, intestinal health status because Faecalibacterium is frequently present at reduced levels in individuals with gastrointestinal diseases or disorders. In this review, we first thoroughly describe updates to the taxonomy of Faecalibacterium, which has transformed a single-species taxon to a multispecies taxon over the last decade. We then explore the links discovered between Faecalibacterium abundance and various diseases since the first IBD-focused studies were published. Next, we examine current available strategies for modulating Faecalibacterium levels in the gut. Finally, we summarize the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects that have been attributed to this genus. Together, epidemiological and experimental data strongly support the use of Faecalibacterium as a next-generation probiotic (NGP) or live biotherapeutic product (LBP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Martín
- Paris-Saclay University, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - David Rios-Covian
- Paris-Saclay University, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Eugénie Huillet
- Paris-Saclay University, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sandrine Auger
- Paris-Saclay University, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sarah Khazaal
- Paris-Saclay University, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- Paris-Saclay University, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Paris-Saclay University, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, Gastroenterology Department, F-75012 Paris, France
- Paris Centre for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Chatel
- Paris-Saclay University, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- Paris-Saclay University, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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23
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Jie Z, Zhu Q, Zou Y, Wu Q, Qin M, He D, Lin X, Tong X, Zhang J, Jie Z, Luo W, Xiao X, Chen S, Wu Y, Guo G, Zheng S, Li Y, Lai W, Yang H, Wang J, Xiao L, Chen J, Zhang T, Kristiansen K, Jia H, Zhong S. A consortium of three-bacteria isolated from human feces inhibits formation of atherosclerotic deposits and lowers lipid levels in a mouse model. iScience 2023; 26:106960. [PMID: 37378328 PMCID: PMC10291474 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
By a survey of metagenome-wide association studies (MWAS), we found a robust depletion of Bacteroides cellulosilyticus, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Roseburia intestinalis in individuals with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD). From an established collection of bacteria isolated from healthy Chinese individuals, we selected B. cellulosilyticus, R. intestinalis, and Faecalibacterium longum, a bacterium related to F. prausnitzii, and tested the effects of these bacteria in an Apoe/- atherosclerosis mouse model. We show that administration of these three bacterial species to Apoe-/- mice robustly improves cardiac function, reduces plasma lipid levels, and attenuates the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Comprehensive analysis of gut microbiota, plasma metabolome, and liver transcriptome revealed that the beneficial effects are associated with a modulation of the gut microbiota linked to a 7α-dehydroxylation-lithocholic acid (LCA)-farnesoid X receptor (FXR) pathway. Our study provides insights into transcriptional and metabolic impact whereby specific bacteria may hold promises for prevention/treatment of ACVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuye Jie
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Human Commensal Microorganisms and Health Research, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yuanqiang Zou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qili Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Min Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhu Jie
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenwei Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yonglin Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Gongjie Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Shufen Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Lai
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Huanming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiyan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Human Commensal Microorganisms and Health Research, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Huijue Jia
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Human Commensal Microorganisms and Health Research, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shilong Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
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24
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Wang M, Hu T, Lin X, Liang H, Li W, Zhao S, Zhong Y, Zhang H, Ge L, Jin X, Xiao L, Zou Y. Probiotic characteristics of Lactobacillus gasseri TF08-1: A cholesterol-lowering bacterium, isolated from human gut. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 169:110276. [PMID: 37321015 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lactobacillus contribute to maintain the human healthy and use for nutritional additives as probiotics. In this study, a cholesterol-lowering bacterium, Lactobacillus gasseri TF08-1, was isolated from the feces of a healthy adolescent, and its probiotic potentials were evaluated through genomic mining and in vitro test. The assembled draft genome comprised of 1,974,590 bp and was predicted total of 1,940 CDSs. The annotation of the genome revealed that L. gasseri TF08-1 harbored abundant categories of functional genes in metabolic and information processing. Moreover, strain TF08-1 has capacity to utilize D-Glucose, Sucrose, D-Maltose, Salicin, D-Xylose, D-Cellobiose, D-Mannose, and D-Trehalose, as the carbon source. The safety assessment showed strain TF08-1 contained few antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors and was only resistant to 2 antibiotics detected by antimicrobial susceptibility test. A high bile salt hydrolase activity was found and a cholesterol-reducing effect was determined in vitro, which the result showed a remarkable cholesterol removal capability of L. gasseri TF08-1 with an efficiency of 84.40 %. This study demonstrated that the strain showed great capability of exopolysaccharide production, and tolerance to acid and bile salt. Therefore, these results indicate that L. gasseri TF08-1 can be considered as a safe candidate for probiotic, especially its potential in biotherapeutic for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Xiaoqian Lin
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | - Wenxi Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | - Yiyi Zhong
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Precision Nutrition (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Precision Nutrition (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lan Ge
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Precision Nutrition (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Jin
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of human intestinal microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; BGI Research-Wuhan, BGI, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of human intestinal microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; BGI Research-Wuhan, BGI, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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25
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Ma D, Chen H, Feng Q, Zhang X, Wu D, Feng J, Cheng S, Wang D, Liu Z, Zhong Q, Wei J, Liu G. Dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes through fecal sewage treatment facilities to the ecosystem in rural area. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 333:117439. [PMID: 36758406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Infection of antibiotic-resistant pathogens mostly occurs in rural areas. In this paper, the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) through fecal sewage treatment facilities to the ecosystem in a typical rural area is investigated. Household three-chamber septic tanks (TCs), household biogas digesters (BDs), wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), vegetable plots, water ponds, etc. Are taken into account. The relative abundance of ARGs in fecal sewage can be reduced by BDs and WWTPs by 80% and 60%, respectively. While TCs show no reduction ability for ARGs. Fast expectation-maximization microbial source tracking (FEAST) analysis revealed that TCs and BDs contribute a considerable percentage (15-22%) of ARGs to the surface water bodies (water ponds) in the rural area. Most ARGs tend to precipitate in the sediments of water bodies and stop moving downstream. Meanwhile, the immigration of microorganisms is more active than that of ARGs. The results provide scientific basic data for the management of fecal sewage and the controlling of ARGs in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dachao Ma
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Hongcheng Chen
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Qingge Feng
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Xuan Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Deli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghang Feng
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Shikun Cheng
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing , 100083, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Qisong Zhong
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jinye Wei
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Guozi Liu
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
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26
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Marcos-Fernández R, Riestra S, Alonso-Arias R, Ruiz L, Sánchez B, Margolles A. Immunomagnetic Capture of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Selectively Modifies the Fecal Microbiota and Its Immunomodulatory Profile. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0181722. [PMID: 36598219 PMCID: PMC9927134 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01817-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Faecalibacterium represents one of the most abundant bacterial groups in the human intestinal microbiota of healthy adults and can represent more than 10% of the total bacterial population, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii being the only recognized species up to the past year. Reduction in the abundance of F. prausnitzii in the human gut has been linked to several human disorders, such as Crohn's disease. In this study, we developed a strategy to modify the relative abundance of F. prausnitzii in fecal microbiotas as a means of evaluating its contribution to the immunomodulatory effect of intestinal microbiotas with different F. prausnitzii contents using a peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) model. We used a polyclonal antibody against the surface of F. prausnitzii M21 to capture the bacterium from synthetic and human fecal microbiotas using immunoseparation techniques. As a proof-of-principle study, the levels of immunomodulation exerted by microbiotas of healthy donors (HDs) with different relative abundances of F. prausnitzii, achieved with the above-mentioned immunoseparation technique, were evaluated in a PBMC model. For this purpose, PBMCs were cocultivated with the modified microbiotas or a pure culture of F. prausnitzii and, subsequently, the microbiota of Crohn's donors was added to the coculture. The cytokine concentration was determined, showing that our experimental model supports the anti-inflammatory effects of this bacterium. IMPORTANCE There is increasing interest in deciphering the contribution of gut microbiota species to health and disease amelioration. The approach proposed herein provides a novel and affordable strategy to probe deeply into microbiota-host interactions by strategically modifying the relative abundance of specific gut microbes, hence facilitating the study of their contribution to a given trait of the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Marcos-Fernández
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Sabino Riestra
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Unidad de Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Rebeca Alonso-Arias
- Departamento de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Department of Cardiac Pathology, Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Lorena Ruiz
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Borja Sánchez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Abelardo Margolles
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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Munson E, Carroll KC. Update on Accepted Novel Bacterial Isolates Derived from Human Clinical Specimens and Taxonomic Revisions Published in 2020 and 2021. J Clin Microbiol 2023; 61:e0028222. [PMID: 36533910 PMCID: PMC9879126 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00282-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of factors, including microbiome analyses and the increased utilization of whole-genome sequencing in the clinical microbiology laboratory, has contributed to the explosion of novel prokaryotic species discovery, as well as bacterial taxonomy revision. This review attempts to summarize such changes relative to human clinical specimens that occurred in 2020 and 2021, per primary publication in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology or acceptance on Validation Lists published by the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. Of particular significance among valid and effectively published taxa within the past 2 years were novel Corynebacterium spp., coagulase-positive staphylococci, Pandoraea spp., and members of family Yersiniaceae. Noteworthy taxonomic revisions include those within the Bacillus and Lactobacillus genera, family Staphylococcaceae (including unifications of subspecies designations to species level taxa), Elizabethkingia spp., and former members of Clostridium spp. and Bacteroides spp. Revisions within the Brucella genus have the potential to cause deleterious effects unless the relevance of such changes is properly communicated by microbiologists to stakeholders in clinical practice, infection prevention, and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Munson
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Karen C. Carroll
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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28
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Fernández-Alonso M, Aguirre Camorlinga A, Messiah SE, Marroquin E. Effect of adding probiotics to an antibiotic intervention on the human gut microbial diversity and composition: a systematic review. J Med Microbiol 2022; 71. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Millions of antibiotic prescriptions are written annually in the USA.
Gap Statement. Probiotics reduce antibiotic-induced gastrointestinal side effects; however, the effect of probiotics on preserving gut microbial composition in response to antibiotics is not well understood.
Aim. To evaluate whether the addition of probiotics is capable of reverting the changes in alpha diversity and gut microbial composition commonly observed in adult participants receiving antibiotics.
Methodology. A search was conducted by two researchers following the PRISMA guidelines using PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane and Embase from January to December 2021 with the following inclusion criteria: (i) randomized clinical trials assessing the effect of antibiotics, probiotics or antibiotics+probiotics; (ii) 16S rRNA; (iii) adult participants; and (iv) in English. Once data was extracted in tables, a third researcher compared, evaluated and merged the collected data. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) rating system was utilized to analyse risk of bias.
Results. A total of 29 articles (n=11 antibiotics, n=11 probiotics and n=7 antibiotics+probiotics) met the inclusion criteria. The lack of standardization of protocols to analyse the gut microbial composition and the wide range of selected antibiotics/probiotics complicated data interpretation; however, despite these discrepancies, probiotic co-administration with antibiotics seemed to prevent some, but not all, of the gut microbial diversity and composition changes induced by antibiotics, including restoration of health-related bacteria such as
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii
.
Conclusion. Addition of probiotics to antibiotic interventions seems to preserve alpha diversity and ameliorate the changes to gut microbial composition caused by antibiotic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Fernández-Alonso
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | | | - Sarah E. Messiah
- Center for Pediatric Population Health, UTHealth School of Public Health and Children's Health System of Texas, Dallas, TX, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas Campus, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Elisa Marroquin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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29
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Van TTH, Lee Nen That LFM, Perera R, Anwar A, Wilson TB, Scott PC, Stanley D, Moore RJ. Spotty liver disease adversely affect the gut microbiota of layers hen. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1039774. [PMID: 36387407 PMCID: PMC9650437 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1039774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Spotty Liver Disease (SLD) is a serious infectious disease which occurs mainly in laying chickens in free range production systems. SLD outbreaks can increase mortality and decrease egg production of chickens, adversely impact welfare and cause economic hardship for poultry producers. The bacterium Campylobacter hepaticus is the primary cause of the disease. This study aimed to identify the effects of C. hepaticus on chicken gut microbiota and gut structure. Three C. hepaticus strains (HV10T, NSW44L and QLD19L), isolated from different states of Australia, were used in the study. Chickens at 26-weeks post-hatch were orally dosed with one of the C. hepaticus strains (challenged groups) or Brucella broth (unchallenged or control group). Six days after the challenge, birds were necropsied to assess liver damage, and caecal content and tissue samples were collected for histology, microbiology, and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to characterize the composition of the bacterial microbiota. Strain C. hepaticus NSW44L produced significantly more disease compared to the other C. hepaticus strains and this coincided with more adverse changes observed in the caecal microbiota of the birds challenged with this strain compared to the control group. Microbial diversity determined by Shannon and Simpson alpha diversity indices was lower in the NSW44L challenged groups compared to the control group (p = 0.009 and 0.0233 respectively, at genus level). Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producing bacteria Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium and Megamonas were significantly reduced in the challenged groups compared to the unchallenged control group. Although SLD-induction affected the gut microbiota of chickens, their small intestine morphology was not noticeably affected as there were no significant differences in the villus height or ratio of villus height and crypt depth. As gut health plays a pivotal role in the overall health and productivity of chickens, approaches to improve the gut health of the birds during SLD outbreaks such as through diet and keeping the causes of stress to a minimum, may represent significant ways to alleviate the impact of SLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thu Hao Van
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Thi Thu Hao Van
| | | | - Rachelle Perera
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Arif Anwar
- Scolexia Pty Ltd., Moonee Ponds, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Dragana Stanley
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert J. Moore
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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30
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Kaburova AN, Drapkina OM, Yudin SM, Yafarova AA, Koretsky SN, Pokrovskaya MS, Makarov VV, Kraevoy SA, Shoibonov BB, Efimova IA, Serebryanskaya ZZ. The relationship between gut microbiota, chronic systemic inflammation, and endotoxemia in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА 2022. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2022-3315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. To study the relationship between the abundance of the genera in the gut microbiota (GM) and levels of serum biomarkers of chronic systemic inflammation and endotoxemia in patients with HFpEF.Material and methods. The composition of GM among 42 patients with HFpEF (men, 57,1%) was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing. The median age was 67,0 years, interquartile range [64,0; 71,5] years. Correlation and multivariate regression analysis (with adjustments for sex and age) of relationships between the relative abundance of intestinal bacteria and the concentrations of serum biomarkers including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukins (IL) 1β and 6, the soluble suppressor of tumorigenicity (sST2), and the level of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was carried out.Results. According to multivariate regression analysis, the relative abundance of Haemophilus was directly related to the concentration of IL-1β (odds ratio (ОR) 32,37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2,071237,69, p=0,025), Coriobacteriaceae (unclassified) — with IL-6 (ОR 6,27, (1,42-36,74), p=0,024), Porphyromonadaceae (unclassified) — with sST2 (ОR 5,96, (1,33-34,39), p=0,028), and the relative abundance of the genera Pseudomonas (ОR 7,09, (1,45-42,39), p=0,020), Parasutterella (ОR 4,55, (1,07-22,76), p=0,047) and Clostridiaceae (unclassified) (ОR 4,85, (1,06-24,7), p=0,045) was directly associated with LPS levels.Conclusion. In patients with HFpEF, the relative abundance of some GM genera (e.g., Haemophilus, Coriobacteriaceae (unclassified), Porphyromonadaceae (unclassified), Pseudomonas, Parasutterella, Clostridiaceae (unclassified)) is statistically significantly associated with the concentration of biomarkers of chronic systemic inflammation and endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. N. Kaburova
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
| | - O. M. Drapkina
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
| | - S. M. Yudin
- Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the FMBA
| | - A. A. Yafarova
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
| | - S. N. Koretsky
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
| | - M. S. Pokrovskaya
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
| | - V. V. Makarov
- Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the FMBA
| | - S. A. Kraevoy
- Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the FMBA
| | - B. B. Shoibonov
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
| | - I. A. Efimova
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
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Nabavi-Rad A, Sadeghi A, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Yadegar A, Smith SM, Zali MR. The double-edged sword of probiotic supplementation on gut microbiota structure in Helicobacter pylori management. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2108655. [PMID: 35951774 PMCID: PMC9373750 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2108655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As Helicobacter pylori management has become more challenging and less efficient over the last decade, the interest in innovative interventions is growing by the day. Probiotic co-supplementation to antibiotic therapies is reported in several studies, presenting a moderate reduction in drug-related side effects and a promotion in positive treatment outcomes. However, the significance of gut microbiota involvement in the competence of probiotic co-supplementation is emphasized by a few researchers, indicating the alteration in the host gastrointestinal microbiota following probiotic and drug uptake. Due to the lack of long-term follow-up studies to determine the efficiency of probiotic intervention in H. pylori eradication, and the delicate interaction of the gut microbiota with the host wellness, this review aims to discuss the gut microbiota alteration by probiotic co-supplementation in H. pylori management to predict the comprehensive effectiveness of probiotic oral administration.Abbreviations: acyl-CoA- acyl-coenzyme A; AMP- antimicrobial peptide; AMPK- AMP-activated protein kinase; AP-1- activator protein 1; BA- bile acid; BAR- bile acid receptor; BCAA- branched-chain amino acid; C2- acetate; C3- propionate; C4- butyrate; C5- valeric acid; CagA- Cytotoxin-associated gene A; cAMP- cyclic adenosine monophosphate; CD- Crohn's disease; CDI- C. difficile infection; COX-2- cyclooxygenase-2; DC- dendritic cell; EMT- epithelial-mesenchymal transition; FMO- flavin monooxygenases; FXR- farnesoid X receptor; GPBAR1- G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1; GPR4- G protein-coupled receptor 4; H2O2- hydrogen peroxide; HCC- hepatocellular carcinoma; HSC- hepatic stellate cell; IBD- inflammatory bowel disease; IBS- irritable bowel syndrome; IFN-γ- interferon-gamma; IgA immunoglobulin A; IL- interleukin; iNOS- induced nitric oxide synthase; JAK1- janus kinase 1; JAM-A- junctional adhesion molecule A; LAB- lactic acid bacteria; LPS- lipopolysaccharide; MALT- mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue; MAMP- microbe-associated molecular pattern; MCP-1- monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MDR- multiple drug resistance; mTOR- mammalian target of rapamycin; MUC- mucin; NAFLD- nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NF-κB- nuclear factor kappa B; NK- natural killer; NLRP3- NLR family pyrin domain containing 3; NOC- N-nitroso compounds; NOD- nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain; PICRUSt- phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states; PRR- pattern recognition receptor; RA- retinoic acid; RNS- reactive nitrogen species; ROS- reactive oxygen species; rRNA- ribosomal RNA; SCFA- short-chain fatty acids; SDR- single drug resistance; SIgA- secretory immunoglobulin A; STAT3- signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; T1D- type 1 diabetes; T2D- type 2 diabetes; Th17- T helper 17; TLR- toll-like receptor; TMAO- trimethylamine N-oxide; TML- trimethyllysine; TNF-α- tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Tr1- type 1 regulatory T cell; Treg- regulatory T cell; UC- ulcerative colitis; VacA- Vacuolating toxin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nabavi-Rad
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Sadeghi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,CONTACT Abbas Yadegar ; Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Arabi Ave., Yemen St., Velenjak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sinéad Marian Smith
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,Sinéad Marian Smith Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Genome-based, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic classification of Faecalibacterium strains: proposal of three novel species Faecalibacterium duncaniae sp. nov., Faecalibacterium hattorii sp. nov. and Faecalibacterium gallinarum sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii
is one of the most important butyrate-producing bacteria in the human gut. Previous studies have suggested the presence of several phylogenetic groups, with differences at the species level, in the species, and a taxonomic re-evaluation is thus essential for further understanding of ecology of the important human symbiont. Here we examine the phenotypic, physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenomic characteristics of six
F. prausnitzii
strains (BCRC 81047T=ATCC 27768T, A2-165T=JCM 31915T, APC918/95b=JCM 39207, APC942/30−2=JCM 39208, APC924/119=JCM 39209 and APC922/41−1T=JCM 39210T) deposited in public culture collections with two reference strains of
Faecalibacterium butyricigenerans
JCM 39212T and
Faecalibacterium longum
JCM 39211T.
Faecalibacterium
sp. JCM 17207T isolated from caecum of broiler chicken was also included. Three strains of
F. prausnitzii
(BCRC 81047T, JCM 39207 and JCM 39209) shared more than 96.6 % average nucleotide identity (ANI) and 69.6 % digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values, indicating that the three strains are members of the same species. On the other hand, the remaining three strains of
F. prausnitzii
(JCM 31915T, JCM 39208 and JCM 39210T) were clearly separated from the above three strains based on the ANI and dDDH values. Rather, JCM 39208 showed ANI and dDDH values over the cut-off values of species discrimination (>70 % dDDH and >95–96 % ANI) with
F. longum
JCM 39211T, whereas JCM 31915T, JCM 39210T and JCM 17207T did not share dDDH and ANI values over the currently accepted cut-off values with any of the tested strains, including among them. Furthermore, the cellular fatty acid patterns of these strains were slightly different from other
F. prausnitzii
strains. Based on the collected data,
F. prausnitzii
JCM 31915T,
F. prausnitzii
JCM 39210T and
Faecalibacterium
sp. JCM 17207T represent three novel species of the genus
Faecalibacterium
, for which the names Faecalibacterium duncaniae sp. nov. (type strain JCM 31915T=DSM 17677T=A2-165T), Faecalibacterium hattorii sp. nov. (type strain JCM 39210T=DSM 107841T=APC922/41-1T) and Faecalibacterium gallinarum sp. nov. (type strain JCM 17207T=DSM 23680T=ic1379T) are proposed.
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Oren A, Garrity G. Notification of changes in taxonomic opinion previously published outside the IJSEM. List of changes in taxonomic opinion no. 35. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aharon Oren
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - George Garrity
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Biomedical Physical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-4320, USA
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Intraspecific Diversity of Microbial Anti-Inflammatory Molecule (MAM) from Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031705. [PMID: 35163630 PMCID: PMC8836110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The commensal bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii has unique anti-inflammatory properties, at least some of which have been attributed to its production of MAM, the Microbial Anti-inflammatory Molecule. Previous phylogenetic studies of F. prausnitzii strains have revealed the existence of various phylogroups. In this work, we address the question of whether MAMs from different phylogroups display distinct anti-inflammatory properties. We first performed wide-scale identification, classification, and phylogenetic analysis of MAM-like proteins encoded in different genomes of F. prausnitzii. When combined with a gene context analysis, this approach distinguished at least 10 distinct clusters of MAMs, providing evidence for functional diversity within this protein. We then selected 11 MAMs from various clusters and evaluated their anti-inflammatory capacities in vitro. A wide range of anti-inflammatory activity was detected. MAM from the M21/2 strain had the highest inhibitory effect (96% inhibition), while MAM from reference strain A2-165 demonstrated only 56% inhibition, and MAM from strain CNCM4541 was almost inactive. These results were confirmed in vivo in murine models of acute and chronic colitis. This study provides insights into the family of MAM proteins and generates clues regarding the choice of F. prausnitzii strains as probiotics for use in targeting chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Hu W, Gao W, Liu Z, Fang Z, Zhao J, Zhang H, Lu W, Chen W. Biodiversity and Physiological Characteristics of Novel Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Strains Isolated from Human Feces. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020297. [PMID: 35208752 PMCID: PMC8876097 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is prevalent in the human gut and is a potential candidate for next-generation probiotics (NGPs) or biotherapeutics. However, the biodiversity and physiological characteristics of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii remain unclear. This study isolated 26 novel F. prausnitzii strains from human feces using a combination of negative screening and prime-specific PCR amplification (NSPA). Based on a 16S rRNA gene analysis, F. prausnitzii strains can be classified into two main phylogroups (phylogroups I and II), which were further clustered into five subgroups (I-A, II-B, II-C, II-D, and II-E). The ultrastructure, colony morphology, growth performance, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing ability were found to be variable among these F. prausnitzii isolates. The optimal pH for the isolates growth ranged between 6.0 and 7.0, while most isolates were inhibited by 0.1% of bile salts. Antimicrobial resistance profiles showed that all F. prausnitzii isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, whereas >80% were kanamycin and gentamicin resistant. Additionally, all strains can utilize maltose, cellulose, and fructose but not xylose, sorbose, and 2′-FL. Overall, our work provides new insights into the biodiversity and physiological characteristics of F. prausnitzii, as well as the choices of strains suitable for NGPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zongmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhifeng Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-510-85197302
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.H.); (W.G.); (Z.L.); (Z.F.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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OUP accepted manuscript. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2022; 98:6516937. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Oren A, Garrity GM. Valid publication of new names and new combinations effectively published outside the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34850678 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aharon Oren
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - George M Garrity
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Biomedical Physical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-4320, USA
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Oren A, Garrity GM. Valid publication of new names and new combinations effectively published outside the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34596501 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aharon Oren
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem,, 9190401 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - George M Garrity
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Biomedical Physical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-4320, USA
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