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Wan X, Wu J, Wang X, Cui L, Xiao Q. Accumulation patterns of flavonoids and phenolic acids in different colored sweet potato flesh revealed based on untargeted metabolomics. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101551. [PMID: 38974199 PMCID: PMC11225656 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Sweet potatoes are rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids, showing incomparable nutritional and health value. In this investigation, we comprehensively analyzed the secondary metabolite profiles in the flesh of different-colored sweet potato flesh. We determined the metabolomic profiles of white sweet potato flesh (BS), orange sweet potato flesh (CS), and purple sweet potato flesh (ZS) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The CS vs. BS, ZS vs. BS, and ZS vs. CS comparisons identified a total of 4447 secondary metabolites, including 1540, 1949, and 1931 differentially accumulated metabolites. Among them, there were significant differences in flavonoids and phenolic acids. There were 20 flavonoids and 13 phenolic acids that were common differential metabolites among the three comparison groups. The accumulation of paeoniflorin-like and delphinidin-like compounds may be responsible for the purple coloration of sweet potato flesh. These findings provide new rationale and insights for the development of functional foods for sweet potatoes. List of compounds Kaempferol (PubChem CID: 5280863); Peonidin 3-(6"-p-coumarylglucoside) (PubChem CID: 44256849); Swerchirin (PubChem CID: 5281660); Trilobatin (PubChem CID: 6451798); 3-Geranyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (PubChem CID: 54730540); Eupatorin (PubChem CID: 97214); Icaritin (PubChem CID: 5318980); Isorhamnetin (PubChem CID: 5281654); Glucoliquiritin apioside (PubChem CID: 74819335); Brazilin (PubChem CID: 73384).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Wan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi, 44500, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi, 44500, China
| | - Xiuzhi Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi, 44500, China
| | - Lingjun Cui
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi, 44500, China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi, 44500, China
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Ning K, Huai H, Li M, Xu Y, Wei F, Chen Z, Wang Y, Huang P, Yu Y, Chen S, Dong L. Transcriptomics and metabolomics revealed the molecular basis of the color formation in the roots of Panax notoginseng. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37532. [PMID: 39381219 PMCID: PMC11459398 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Panax notoginseng is a traditional Chinese medicine rich in many pharmacological components. The root of the 'Miaoxiang Sanqi No. 2' is yellow or greenish yellow, while a novel cultivar-'Wenyuan Ziqi No. 1' shows purple root and is thought to have high medicinal value. Little information is available about the anthocyanin biosynthesis in P. notoginseng root. In this study, we compared the 'Miaoxiang Sanqi No. 2' and 'Wenyuan Ziqi No. 1' in morphological, transcriptional and metabolic levels. The results showed that purple rich in the periderm, rhizome and phloem around cambium of the 'Wenyuan Ziqi No. 1' root and cyanidin 3-O-galactoside was the main anthocyanin causing purple. Moreover, 'Wenyuan Ziqi No. 1' highly accumulated in 155 metabolites, including flavones, phenylpropanoids and lipids. Transcriptome data showed that phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway genes are highly expressed in 'Wenyuan Ziqi No. 1'. Conjoint analysis showed that anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway substances were highly accumulated in 'Wenyuan Ziqi No. 1', and the expression level of structural genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway was higher in 'Wenyuan Ziqi No. 1'. Meanwhile, eight R2R3-MYB genes that might be involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis were identified. The comprehensive analysis of two cultivars provides new insights into the understanding of root coloration in P. notoginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Ning
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Huai
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700, Beijing, China
- College of Biological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
| | - Mengzhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700, Beijing, China
| | - Yuli Xu
- Zhangzhou Pianzaihuang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 363099, Fujian, China
| | - Fugang Wei
- Wenshan Miaoxiang Notoginseng Technology, Co., Ltd., 663000, Wenshan, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Institute of Sanqi Research, Wenshan University, 663000, Wenshan, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Sanqi Research, Wenshan University, 663000, Wenshan, China
| | - Pengcheng Huang
- Zhangzhou Pianzaihuang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 363099, Fujian, China
| | - Yuqi Yu
- Wenshan Miaoxiang Notoginseng Technology, Co., Ltd., 663000, Wenshan, China
| | - Shilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700, Beijing, China
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Moghe G, Irfan M, Sarmah B. Dangerous sugars: Structural diversity and functional significance of acylsugar-like defense compounds in flowering plants. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 73:102348. [PMID: 36842412 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Acylsugars constitute a diverse class of secondary metabolites found in many flowering plant families. Comprising sugar cores and acyl groups connected by ester and/or ether linkages, acylsugar structures vary considerably at all taxonomic levels - from populations of the same species to across species of the same family and across flowering plants, with some species producing hundreds of acylsugars in a single organ. Acylsugars have been most well-studied in the Solanaceae family, but structurally analogous compounds have also been reported in the Convolvulaceae, Martyniaceae, Geraniaceae, Rubiaceae, Rosaceae and Caryophyllaceae families. Focusing on Solanaceae and Convolvulaceae acylsugars, this review highlights their structural diversity, the potential biosynthetic mechanisms that produce this diversity, and its functional significance. Finally, we also discuss the possibility that some of this diversity is merely "noise", arising out of enzyme promiscuity and/or non-adaptive evolutionary mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Moghe
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| | - Mohammad Irfan
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Bhaswati Sarmah
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam 785013, India
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Tadda SA, Li C, Ding J, Li J, Wang J, Huang H, Fan Q, Chen L, He P, Ahiakpa JK, Karikari B, Chen X, Qiu D. Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analyses provide insight into the effect of red and blue LEDs on the quality of sweet potato leaves. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1181680. [PMID: 37324670 PMCID: PMC10266350 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1181680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Red and blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) affect the quality of sweet potato leaves and their nutritional profile. Vines cultivated under blue LEDs had higher soluble protein contents, total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and total antioxidant activity. Conversely, chlorophyll, soluble sugar, protein, and vitamin C contents were higher in leaves grown under red LEDs. Red and blue light increased the accumulation of 77 and 18 metabolites, respectively. Alpha-linoleic and linolenic acid metabolism were the most significantly enriched pathways based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. A total of 615 genes were differentially expressed between sweet potato leaves exposed to red and blue LEDs. Among these, 510 differentially expressed genes were upregulated in leaves grown under blue light compared with those grown under red light, while the remaining 105 genes were expressed at higher levels in the latter than in the former. Among the KEGG enrichment pathways, blue light significantly induced anthocyanin and carotenoid biosynthesis structural genes. This study provides a scientific reference basis for using light to alter metabolites to improve the quality of edible sweet potato leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehu A. Tadda
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Agronomy, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Katsina, Nigeria
- Agriculture Research Group, Organization of African Academic Doctors (OAAD), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Chengyue Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jintao Ding
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian’an Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huaxing Huang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Quan Fan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lifang Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pengfei He
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - John K. Ahiakpa
- Agriculture Research Group, Organization of African Academic Doctors (OAAD), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Benjamin Karikari
- Agriculture Research Group, Organization of African Academic Doctors (OAAD), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Xuanyang Chen
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture, and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dongliang Qiu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Pierroz G. Welcome to the machine: how machine learning identified metabolomic changes in Brachypodium distachyon under stress. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:461-462. [PMID: 37119519 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
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Mahood EH, Bennett AA, Komatsu K, Kruse LH, Lau V, Rahmati Ishka M, Jiang Y, Bravo A, Louie K, Bowen BP, Harrison MJ, Provart NJ, Vatamaniuk OK, Moghe GD. Information theory and machine learning illuminate large-scale metabolomic responses of Brachypodium distachyon to environmental change. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:463-481. [PMID: 36880270 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant responses to environmental change are mediated via changes in cellular metabolomes. However, <5% of signals obtained from liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) can be identified, limiting our understanding of how metabolomes change under biotic/abiotic stress. To address this challenge, we performed untargeted LC-MS/MS of leaves, roots, and other organs of Brachypodium distachyon (Poaceae) under 17 organ-condition combinations, including copper deficiency, heat stress, low phosphate, and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. We found that both leaf and root metabolomes were significantly affected by the growth medium. Leaf metabolomes were more diverse than root metabolomes, but the latter were more specialized and more responsive to environmental change. We found that 1 week of copper deficiency shielded the root, but not the leaf metabolome, from perturbation due to heat stress. Machine learning (ML)-based analysis annotated approximately 81% of the fragmented peaks versus approximately 6% using spectral matches alone. We performed one of the most extensive validations of ML-based peak annotations in plants using thousands of authentic standards, and analyzed approximately 37% of the annotated peaks based on these assessments. Analyzing responsiveness of each predicted metabolite class to environmental change revealed significant perturbations of glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and flavonoids. Co-accumulation analysis further identified condition-specific biomarkers. To make these results accessible, we developed a visualization platform on the Bio-Analytic Resource for Plant Biology website (https://bar.utoronto.ca/efp_brachypodium_metabolites/cgi-bin/efpWeb.cgi), where perturbed metabolite classes can be readily visualized. Overall, our study illustrates how emerging chemoinformatic methods can be applied to reveal novel insights into the dynamic plant metabolome and stress adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth H Mahood
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra A Bennett
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Karyn Komatsu
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lars H Kruse
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Vincent Lau
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Maryam Rahmati Ishka
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Yulin Jiang
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Katherine Louie
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin P Bowen
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Nicholas J Provart
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Olena K Vatamaniuk
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Gaurav D Moghe
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Xiao J, Xu X, Li M, Wu X, Guo H. Regulatory network characterization of anthocyanin metabolites in purple sweetpotato via joint transcriptomics and metabolomics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1030236. [PMID: 36844045 PMCID: PMC9951203 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1030236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sweet potato is an important staple food crop in the world and contains abundant secondary metabolites in its underground tuberous roots. The large accumulation of several categories of secondary metabolites result in colorful pigmentation of the roots. Anthocyanin, is a typical flavonoid compound present in purple sweet potatoes and it contributes to the antioxidant activity. METHODS In this study, we developed joint omics research via by combing the transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple sweet potato. Four experimental materials with different pigmentation phenotypes, 1143-1 (white root flesh), HS (orange root flesh), Dianziganshu No.88 (DZ88, purple root flesh), and Dianziganshu No.54 (DZ54, dark purple root flesh) were comparably studied. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We identified 38 differentially accumulated pigment metabolites and 1214 differentially expressed genes from a total of 418 metabolites and 50893 genes detected. There were 14 kinds of anthocyanin detected in DZ88 and DZ54, with glycosylated cyanidin and peonidin as the major components. The significantly enhanced expression levels of multiple structural genes involved in the central anthocyanin metabolic network, such as chalcone isomerase (CHI), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), anthocyanidin synthase/leucocyanidin oxygenase (ANS), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were manifested to be the primary reason why the purple sweet potatoes had a much higher accumulation of anthocyanin. Moreover, the competition or redistribution of the intermediate substrates (i.e. dihydrokaempferol and dihydroquercetin) between the downstream production of anthocyanin products and the flavonoid derivatization (i.e. quercetin and kaempferol) under the regulation of the flavonol synthesis (FLS) gene, might play a crucial role in the metabolite flux repartitioning, which further led to the discrepant pigmentary performances in the purple and non-purple materials. Furthermore, the substantial production of chlorogenic acid, another prominent high-value antioxidant, in DZ88 and DZ54 seemed to be an interrelated but independent pathway differentiated from the anthocyanin biosynthesis. Collectively, these data from the transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of four kinds of sweet potatoes provide insight to understand the molecular mechanisms of the coloring mechanism in purple sweet potatoes.
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New mechanistic insights on Justicia vahlii Roth: UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and GC–MS based metabolomics, in-vivo, in-silico toxicological, antioxidant based anti-inflammatory and enzyme inhibition evaluation. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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He J, Ye S, Correia P, Fernandes I, Zhang R, Wu M, Freitas V, Mateus N, Oliveira H. Dietary polyglycosylated anthocyanins, the smart option? A comprehensive review on their health benefits and technological applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3096-3128. [PMID: 35534086 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, anthocyanins have emerged as one of the most enthralling groups of natural phenolic compounds and more than 700 distinct structures have already been identified, illustrating the exceptional variety spread in nature. The interest raised around anthocyanins goes way beyond their visually appealing colors and their acknowledged structural and biological properties have fueled intensive research toward their application in different contexts. However, the high susceptibility of monoglycosylated anthocyanins to degradation under certain external conditions might compromise their application. In that regard, polyglycosylated anthocyanins (PGA) might offer an alternative to overcome this issue, owing to their peculiar structure and consequent less predisposition to degradation. The most recent scientific and technological findings concerning PGA and their food sources are thoroughly described and discussed in this comprehensive review. Different issues, including their physical-chemical characteristics, consumption, bioavailability, and biological relevance in the context of different pathologies, are covered in detail, along with the most relevant prospective technological applications. Due to their complex structure and acyl groups, most of the PGA exhibit an overall higher stability than the monoglycosylated ones. Their versatility allows them to act in a wide range of pathologies, either by acting directly in molecular pathways or by modulating the disease environment attributing an added value to their food sources. Their recent usage for technological applications has also been particularly successful in different industry fields including food and smart packaging or in solar energy production systems. Altogether, this review aims to put into perspective the current state and future research on PGA and their food sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingren He
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuxin Ye
- Yun-Hong Group Co. Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Patrícia Correia
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Iva Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Zhang
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muci Wu
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Victor Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Mateus
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hélder Oliveira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Panchal SK, John OD, Mathai ML, Brown L. Anthocyanins in Chronic Diseases: The Power of Purple. Nutrients 2022; 14:2161. [PMID: 35631301 PMCID: PMC9142943 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are mainly purple-coloured phenolic compounds of plant origin that as secondary metabolites are important in plant survival. Understanding their health benefits in humans requires sourcing these unstable compounds in sufficient quantities at a reasonable cost, which has led to improved methods of extraction. Dark-coloured fruits, cereals and vegetables are current sources of these compounds. The range of potential sustainable sources is much larger and includes non-commercialised native plants from around the world and agri-waste containing anthocyanins. In the last 5 years, there have been significant advances in developing the therapeutic potential of anthocyanins in chronic human diseases. Anthocyanins exert their beneficial effects through improvements in gut microbiota, oxidative stress and inflammation, and modulation of neuropeptides such as insulin-like growth factor-1. Their health benefits in humans include reduced cognitive decline; protection of organs such as the liver, as well as the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract and kidneys; improvements in bone health and obesity; and regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. This review summarises some of the sources of anthocyanins and their mechanisms and benefits in the treatment of chronic human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K. Panchal
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia;
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Oliver D. John
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; or
| | - Michael L. Mathai
- Institute of Health and Sport, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia;
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Lindsay Brown
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
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Application of metabolomics to decipher the role of bioactive compounds in plant and animal foods. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Metabonomics Analysis of Stem Extracts from Dalbergia sissoo. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061982. [PMID: 35335342 PMCID: PMC8953952 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dalbergia sissoo is a woody plant with economic and medicinal value. As the pharmacological qualities and properties of the wood from this plant primarily depend on its extractives, in this study, the metabolomic analysis of extractives from its stems was carried out using UPLC-MS/MS. A total of 735 metabolites were detected from two groups of samples, heartwood and sapwood, with the largest number of terpenoids in type and the largest number of flavonoids in quantity. The PCA and cluster analysis showed significant differences in the metabolite composition between the two groups. The differential metabolites were mainly organic oxygen compounds, flavonoids, and isoflavones. Among the 105 differential metabolites, 26 metabolites were significantly higher in relative content in sapwood than in heartwood, while the other 79 metabolites were significantly higher in relative content in heartwood than in sapwood. KEGG metabolic pathway enrichment analysis showed that these differential metabolites were mainly enriched in three metabolic pathways: Flavonoid biosynthesis, isoflavonoid biosynthesis, and flavonoid and flavonol biosynthesis. This study provides a reference for metabolomics studies in Dalbergia and other woody plants.
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Kruse LH, Bennett AA, Mahood EH, Lazarus E, Park SJ, Schroeder F, Moghe GD. Illuminating the lineage-specific diversification of resin glycoside acylsugars in the morning glory (Convolvulaceae) family using computational metabolomics. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhab079. [PMID: 35039851 PMCID: PMC8825387 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhab079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Acylsugars are a class of plant defense compounds produced across many distantly related families. Members of the horticulturally important morning glory (Convolvulaceae) family produce a diverse sub-class of acylsugars called resin glycosides (RGs), which comprise oligosaccharide cores, hydroxyacyl chain(s), and decorating aliphatic and aromatic acyl chains. While many RG structures are characterized, the extent of structural diversity of this class in different genera and species is not known. In this study, we asked whether there has been lineage-specific diversification of RG structures in different Convolvulaceae species that may suggest diversification of the underlying biosynthetic pathways. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was performed from root and leaf extracts of 26 species sampled in a phylogeny-guided manner. LC-MS/MS revealed thousands of peaks with signature RG fragmentation patterns with one species producing over 300 signals, mirroring the diversity in Solanaceae-type acylsugars. A novel RG from Dichondra argentea was characterized using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy, supporting previous observations of RGs with open hydroxyacyl chains instead of closed macrolactone ring structures. Substantial lineage-specific differentiation in utilization of sugars, hydroxyacyl chains, and decorating acyl chains was discovered, especially among Ipomoea and Convolvulus - the two largest genera in Convolvulaceae. Adopting a computational, knowledge-based strategy, we further developed a high-recall workflow that successfully explained ~72% of the MS/MS fragments, predicted the structural components of 11/13 previously characterized RGs, and partially annotated ~45% of the RGs. Overall, this study improves our understanding of phytochemical diversity and lays a foundation for characterizing the evolutionary mechanisms underlying RG diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars H Kruse
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Present Address: Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Alexandra A Bennett
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Present Address: Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Elizabeth H Mahood
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Elena Lazarus
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Present Address: Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Se Jin Park
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Frank Schroeder
- Boyce Thompson Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Gaurav D Moghe
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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