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de Faria Melo CC, Silva Amaral D, de Mello Prado R, de Moura Zanine A, de Jesus Ferreira D, de Cássia Piccolo M. Nanosilica modulates C:N:P stoichiometry attenuating phosphorus toxicity more than deficiency in Megathyrsus maximus cultivated in an Oxisol and Entisol. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10284. [PMID: 37355676 PMCID: PMC10290668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37504-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicon (Si) nanoparticles can attenuate nutritional disorders caused by phosphorus in forages through nutritional homeostasis. This paper aims to evaluate the effects of P deficiency and toxicity in Megathyrsus maximus cultivated in two types of soils and to verify whether Si application via fertigation can mitigate these imbalances. The following two experiments were carried out: cultivation of forage plants in pots with Entisol and Oxisol, in a 3 × 2 factorial design, with three nutritional levels of phosphorus (deficient, adequate, and excessive) and two Si concentrations in the irrigation water (0 and 1.5 mmol L-1). Height, number of tillers, rate of leaf senescence, dry matter production, C:N, C:Si, C:P, and N:P ratios; and C, P, and N use efficiencies were evaluated in two growth cycles. P imbalances hampered carbon assimilation, C:N:P homeostasis, and dry matter production. Nanosilica fertigation promoted silicon uptake, improving C:N:P homeostasis and nutritional efficiency in plants under P deficiency and toxicity. Leaf senescence was reduced with addition of Si in plants grown in Oxisol in the three nutritional states of P. Silicon attenuated the stress caused by P toxicity in Entisol and Oxisol, improving production in plants without nutritional stress in Oxisol. The supply of Si nanoparticles in the cultivation of M. maximus can contribute to a more efficient and sustainable use of phosphorus in pastures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Cármen de Faria Melo
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Agricultural Production Sciences (Soil and Fertilizer Sector), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane Avenue, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884900, Brazil.
| | - Danilo Silva Amaral
- Department of Engineering and Exact Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane Avenue, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884900, Brazil
| | - Renato de Mello Prado
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Agricultural Production Sciences (Soil and Fertilizer Sector), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane Avenue, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884900, Brazil
| | - Anderson de Moura Zanine
- Center for Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Maranhão, BR 222 Km 04 Highway, Chapadinha, MA, 65500000, Brazil
| | - Daniele de Jesus Ferreira
- Center for Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Maranhão, BR 222 Km 04 Highway, Chapadinha, MA, 65500000, Brazil
| | - Marisa de Cássia Piccolo
- Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling, Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo (USP), 303 Centenário Avenue, Piracicaba, SP, 13400970, Brazil
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Alves DMR, de Oliveira JN, de Mello Prado R, Ferreira PM. Silicon in the form of nanosilica mitigates P toxicity in scarlet eggplant. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9190. [PMID: 37280298 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36412-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive fertilization of vegetables can promote phosphorus (P) toxicity. However, it can be reversed using silicon (Si), although there is a lack of research clarifying its mechanisms of action. This research aims to study the damage caused by P toxicity to scarlet eggplant plants and whether Si can mitigate this toxicity. We evaluated the nutritional and physiological aspects of plants. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design of two nutritional levels of adequate P (2 mmol L-1 of P) and toxic/excess P (8 to 13 mmol L-1 of P) combined with the absence or presence of nanosilica (2 mmol L-1 Si) in a nutrient solution. There were six replications. The excess P in the nutrient solution caused damage to scarlet eggplant growth due to nutritional losses and oxidative stress. We found that P toxicity can be mitigated by supplying Si, which decreases P uptake by 13%, improves C:N homeostasis, and increases iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) use efficiency by 21%, 10%, and 12%, respectively. At the same time, it decreases oxidative stress and electrolyte leakage by 18% and increases antioxidant compounds (phenols and ascorbic acid by 13% and 50%, respectively), and decreases photosynthetic efficiency and plant growth by 12% (by increasing 23% and 25% of shoot and root dry mass, respectively). These findings allow us to explain the different Si mechanisms used to reverse the damage caused by P toxicity to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyvielen Maria Ramos Alves
- Department of Agricultural Production Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal-SP. Access Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Jairo Neves de Oliveira
- Department of Agricultural Production Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal-SP. Access Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Renato de Mello Prado
- Department of Agricultural Production Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal-SP. Access Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Messias Ferreira
- Department of Agricultural Production Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal-SP. Access Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
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Tao Y, Liu C, Piao L, Yang F, Liu J, Jan MF, Li M. Effect of Mn Deficiency on Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism of Different Genotypes Seedlings in Maize ( Zea mays L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1407. [PMID: 36987095 PMCID: PMC10051073 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Manganese deficiency critically impairs the function and stability of photosystem II (PSII) and negatively impacts crop growth and yield. However, the response mechanisms of carbon and nitrogen metabolism to Mn deficiency in different genotypes of maize and the differences in Mn deficiency tolerance are unclear. Herein, three different genotypes of maize seedlings (sensitive genotype: Mo17, tolerant genotype: B73, and B73 × Mo17) were exposed to Mn deficiency treatment for 16 days using liquid culture with different concentrations of MnSO4 [0.00, 2.23, 11.65, and 22.30 mg/L (control)]. We found that complete Mn deficiency significantly reduced maize seedling biomass; negatively affected the photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters; and depressed nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase, and glutamate synthase activity. This resulted in reduced leaf and root nitrogen uptake, with Mo17 being most severely inhibited. B73 and B73 × Mo17 maintained higher sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase activities and lower neutral convertase activity compared to Mo17, which resulted in higher accumulation of soluble sugars and sucrose and maintenance of the osmoregulation capacity of leaves, which helped mitigate damage caused by Mn deficiency. The findings revealed the physiological regulation mechanism of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in different genotypes of maize seedlings that resist Mn deficiency stress, providing a theoretical basis for developing high yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhao Tao
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.T.)
| | - Changzhuang Liu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.T.)
| | - Lin Piao
- Maize Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Fuqiang Yang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.T.)
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.T.)
| | - Muhammad Faheem Jan
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.T.)
| | - Ming Li
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.T.)
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Silva JLFD, Prado RDM, Alves TL, Lata-Tenesaca LF, Soares MB. New strategy for silicon supply through fertigation in sugarcane integrating the pre-sprouted seedling phase and field cultivation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1230. [PMID: 36681705 PMCID: PMC9867700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27323-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adopting a Si supply strategy can amplify the sugarcane response. Thus, this study aimed to verify whether Si supply in the pre-sprouted seedling (PSS) formation phase would have an effect after field transplanting similar to Si supply only in the field phase (via foliar spraying or fertigation). Furthermore, this study aimed to verify whether Si supply in the PSS formation phase associated with Si fertigation after transplanting can potentiate or amplify Si benefits. Two experiments were conducted. In experiment I, pre-sprouted seedlings were grown in a nursery without Si (Control) and with Si. Experiment II was conducted in the field on Eutrustox soil with the following treatments: no Si supply (Control); Si supplied during the PSS formation phase; Si supplied through foliar spraying in the field; Si supplied through fertigation in the field; Si supplied in the PSS formation phase and during field development. Silicon used in both crop phases benefited sugarcane by increasing photosynthetic pigment content and the antioxidative defense system. The innovation of Si management to be supplied via fertigation integrated with both crop phases (PSS and in the field) optimizes the element's use by increasing the crop's productivity and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Lucas Farias da Silva
- Department of Agricultural Production Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Renato de Mello Prado
- Department of Agricultural Production Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Thayane Leonel Alves
- Department of Agricultural Production Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe Lata-Tenesaca
- Department of Plant Pathology, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-090, Brazil
| | - Mariana Bomfim Soares
- Department of Agricultural Production Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
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Carvalho LTDS, Prado RDM, Da Silva JLF, Ferreira PM, Antonio RI. Impact of Nanotechnology from Nanosilica to Mitigate N and P Deficiencies Favoring the Sustainable Cultivation of Sugar Beet. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12224038. [PMID: 36432323 PMCID: PMC9694533 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to study the effects of the nanosilica supply on Si absorption and the physiological and nutritional aspects of beet plants with N and P deficiencies cultivated in a nutrient solution. Two experiments were performed with treatments arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme in randomized blocks with five replications. The first experiment was carried out on plants under a N deficiency and complete (complete solution with all nutrients), combined with the absence of Si (0 mmol L-1) and the presence of Si (2.0 mmol L-1). In the other experiment, the plants were cultivated in a nutrient solution with a P deficiency and complete, combined with the absence (0 mmol L-1) and the presence of Si (2.0 mmol L-1). The beet crop was sensitive to the N and P deficiencies because they sustained important physiological damage. However, using nanosilica via fertigation could reverse the damage. Using nanotechnology from nanosilica constituted a sustainable strategy to mitigate the damage due to a deficiency in the beet crop of the two most limiting nutrients by optimizing the physiological processes, nutritional efficiency, and growth of the plants without environmental risks. The future perspective is the feasibility of nanotechnology for food security.
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Oliveira KS, de Mello Prado R, Checchio MV, Gratão PL. Interaction of silicon and manganese in nutritional and physiological aspects of energy cane with high fiber content. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:374. [PMID: 35902800 PMCID: PMC9335997 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03766-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silicon (Si) is a multiple stress attenuator element in plants, however more research is needed to elucidate the actions in the plants defense system with low nutrition of manganese (Mn) for a prolonged period, and the attenuation mechanisms involved in the effects of Mn deficiency on energy cane with high fiber content. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate whether Si reduces the oxidative stress of the energy cane grown in low Mn in nutrient solution, to mitigate the effects of Mn deficiency, improving enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense, uptake of Mn the plant growth. METHODS An experiment was carried out with pre-sprouted seedlings of Saccharum spontaneum L. in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme in five replications in which the plants were grown under sufficiency (20.5 μmol L-1) and deficiency (0.1 μmol L-1) of Mn combined with the absence and presence of Si (2.0 mmol L-1) for 160 days from the application of the treatments. The following parameters were evaluated: accumulation of Mn and Si, H2O2, MDA, activity of SOD and GPOX, total phenol content, pigments, and quantum efficiency of PSII. RESULTS Mn deficiency induced the oxidative stress for increase the H2O2 and MDA content in leaves of plants and reduce the activity of antioxidant enzymes and total phenols causing damage to quantum efficiency of photosystem II and pigment content. Si attenuated the effects of Mn deficiency even for a longer period of stress by reducing H2O2 (18%) and MDA (32%) content, and increased the Mn uptake efficiency (53%), SOD activity (23%), GPOX (76%), phenol contents, thus improving growth. CONCLUSIONS The supply of Si promoted great nutritional and physiological improvements in energy cane with high fiber content in Mn deficiency. The results of this study propose the supply of Si via fertirrigation as a new sustainable strategy for energy cane cultivation in low Mn environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla Silva Oliveira
- Department of Agricultural Production Sciences, Sector of Soils and Fertilizers, Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Renato de Mello Prado
- Department of Agricultural Production Sciences, Sector of Soils and Fertilizers, Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Mirela Vantini Checchio
- Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884900, Brazil
| | - Priscila Lupino Gratão
- Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884900, Brazil
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