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Kleuser B, Schumacher F, Gulbins E. New Therapeutic Options in Pulmonal Diseases: Sphingolipids and Modulation of Sphingolipid Metabolism. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024; 284:289-312. [PMID: 37922034 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are crucial molecules in the respiratory airways. As in most other tissues and organs, in the lung sphingolipids play an essential role as structural constituents as they regulate barrier function and fluidity of cell membranes. A lung-specific feature is the occurrence of sphingolipids as minor structural components in the surfactant. However, sphingolipids are also key signaling molecules involved in airway cell signaling and their dynamical formation and metabolism are important for normal lung physiology. Dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism and signaling is involved in altering lung tissue and initiates inflammatory processes promoting the pathogenesis of pulmonal diseases including cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and asthma.In the present review, the important role of specific sphingolipid species in pulmonal diseases will be discussed. Only such an understanding opens up the possibility of developing new therapeutic strategies with the aim of correcting the imbalance in sphingolipid metabolism and signaling. Such delivery strategies have already been studied in animal models of these lung diseases, demonstrating that targeting the sphingolipid profile represents new therapeutic opportunities for lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Carstens H, Kalka K, Verhaegh R, Schumacher F, Soddemann M, Wilker B, Keitsch S, Sehl C, Kleuser B, Hübler M, Rauen U, Becker AK, Koch A, Gulbins E, Kamler M. Antimicrobial effects of inhaled sphingosine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in isolated ventilated and perfused pig lungs. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271620. [PMID: 35862397 PMCID: PMC9302828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Ex-vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is a save way to verify performance of donor lungs prior to implantation. A major problem of lung transplantation is a donor-to-recipient-transmission of bacterial cultures. Thus, a broadspectrum anti-infective treatment with sphingosine in EVLP might be a novel way to prevent such infections. Sphingosine inhalation might provide a reliable anti-infective treatment option in EVLP. Here, antimicrobial potency of inhalative sphingosine in an infection EVLP model was tested.
Methods
A 3-hour EVLP run using pig lungs was performed. Bacterial infection was initiated 1-hour before sphingosine inhalation. Biopsies were obtained 60 and 120 min after infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Aliquots of broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) before and after inhalation of sphingosine were plated and counted, tissue samples were fixed in paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin and sectioned. Immunostainings were performed.
Results
Sphingosine inhalation in the setting of EVLP rapidly resulted in a 6-fold decrease of P. aeruginosa CFU in the lung (p = 0.016). We did not observe any negative side effects of sphingosine.
Conclusion
Inhalation of sphingosine induced a significant decrease of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the epithelial layer of tracheal and bronchial cells. The inhalation has no local side effects in ex-vivo perfused and ventilated pig lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Carstens
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Cardiac Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Katharina Kalka
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Rabea Verhaegh
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Soddemann
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Barbara Wilker
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Simone Keitsch
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Carolin Sehl
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Hübler
- Cardiac Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ursula Rauen
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anne Katrin Becker
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Achim Koch
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Medical School, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Markus Kamler
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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