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González-Ruano C, Caso D, Ouassou JA, Tiusan C, Lu Y, Linder J, Aliev FG. Observation of Magnetic State Dependent Thermoelectricity in Superconducting Spin Valves. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:237001. [PMID: 37354396 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.237001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Superconductor-ferromagnet tunnel junctions demonstrate giant thermoelectric effects that are being exploited to engineer ultrasensitive terahertz radiation detectors. Here, we experimentally observe the recently predicted complete magnetic control over thermoelectric effects in a superconducting spin valve, including the dependence of its sign on the magnetic state of the spin valve. The description of the experimental results is improved by the introduction of an interfacial domain wall in the spin filter layer interfacing the superconductor. Surprisingly, the application of high in-plane magnetic fields induces a double sign inversion of the thermoelectric effect, which exhibits large values even at applied fields twice the superconducting critical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- César González-Ruano
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada C-III, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Diego Caso
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada C-III, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Jabir Ali Ouassou
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-M7T9Q Trondheim, Norway
| | - Coriolan Tiusan
- Department of Solid State Physics and Advanced Technologies, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca 400114, Romania
- Institut Jean Lamour, Nancy Universitè, 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Yuan Lu
- Institut Jean Lamour, Nancy Universitè, 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Jacob Linder
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-M7T9Q Trondheim, Norway
| | - Farkhad G Aliev
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada C-III, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera (INC) and Condensed Matter Physics Institute (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
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Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, tunneling magnetoresistance and spin-transfer torque effect in magnetic tunnel junctions with Nb layers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3454. [PMID: 36859656 PMCID: PMC9977854 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29752-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nb and its compounds are widely used in quantum computing due to their high superconducting transition temperatures and high critical fields. Devices that combine superconducting performance and spintronic non-volatility could deliver unique functionality. Here we report the study of magnetic tunnel junctions with Nb as the heavy metal layers. An interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy energy density of 1.85 mJ/m2 was obtained in Nb/CoFeB/MgO heterostructures. The tunneling magnetoresistance was evaluated in junctions with different thickness combinations and different annealing conditions. An optimized magnetoresistance of 120% was obtained at room temperature, with a damping parameter of 0.011 determined by ferromagnetic resonance. In addition, spin-transfer torque switching has also been successfully observed in these junctions with a quasistatic switching current density of 7.3 [Formula: see text] A/cm2.
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Bromley D, Wright AJ, Jones LAH, Swallow JEN, Beesley T, Batty R, Weatherup RS, Dhanak VR, O'Brien L. Electron beam evaporation of superconductor-ferromagnet heterostructures. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7786. [PMID: 35545648 PMCID: PMC9095728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11828-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the electronic and magnetic properties of superconductor-ferromagnet heterostructures fabricated by electron beam evaporation on to unheated thermally oxidised Si substrates. Polycrystalline Nb thin films (5 to 50 nm thick) were shown to possess reliably high superconducting critical temperatures (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$T_{c}$$\end{document}Tc), which correlate well with the residual resistivity ratio (RRR) of the film. These properties improved during ex-situ annealing, resulting in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\Delta }T_{c}$$\end{document}ΔTc and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${\Delta }$$\end{document}ΔRRR increases of up 2.2 K (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\sim$$\end{document}∼ 40% of the pre-annealed \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$T_{c}$$\end{document}Tc) and 0.8 (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\sim$$\end{document}∼ 60% of the pre-annealed RRR) respectively. Nb/Pt/Co/Pt heterostructures showed substantial perpendicular anisotropy in the ultrathin limit (≤ 2.5 nm), even in the extreme limit of Pt(0.8 nm)/Co(1 nm)/Pt(0.6 nm). These results point to the use of electron beam evaporation as route to line-of-sight deposited, low-thickness, high quality Nb-based superspintronic multilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bromley
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, UK
| | - A J Wright
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, UK
| | - L A H Jones
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, UK
| | - J E N Swallow
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - T Beesley
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, UK
| | - R Batty
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, UK
| | - R S Weatherup
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - V R Dhanak
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, UK
| | - L O'Brien
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, UK.
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Nazir S, Yang K. Elucidate interfacial disorder effects on the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at Fe/MgO heterostructure from first-principles calculations. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:214009. [PMID: 35240586 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac5a92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) plays a key role in spintronic applications such as memory recording and computational devices. Despite robust PMA being reported at the Fe/MgO interface, there are still inconsistencies in the disorder effects on the interfacial magnetic anisotropy. Here we reported a comprehensive study of the influence of the interfacial disorder, including the underoxidization, overoxidization, and oxygen migration, on the PMA of the Fe/MgO interface using first-principles calculations. Compared to the pristine Fe/MgO interface, the underoxidation at the Fe/MgO interface keeps the interfacial PMA but reduces the interfacial anisotropy constant (Ki). The overoxidization and oxygen migration at the interface both reduce theKiand even switch the easy magnetization axis from the out-of-plane to in-plane direction at high oxygen percentage. In all the cases, theKiwas found strongly correlated to the difference of the orbital magnetic moment along the in-plane and out-of-plane direction. Calculated layer-resolved and orbital-resolvedKirevealed that the orbital coupling between thedxyanddx2-y2states of the interfacial Fe layer plays a key role in determining the interfacial magnetic anisotropy. This work provides deep insights into the oxidation effects on the interfacial magnetic anisotropy of Fe/MgO system and a possible avenue to tune theKivia interfacial engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safdar Nazir
- Department of NanoEngineering and Program of Chemical Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0448, United States of America
| | - Kesong Yang
- Department of NanoEngineering and Program of Chemical Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0448, United States of America
- Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0418, United States of America
- Center for Memory and Recording Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0401, United States of America
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Golovchanskiy IA, Abramov NN, Stolyarov VS, Weides M, Ryazanov VV, Golubov AA, Ustinov AV, Kupriyanov MY. Ultrastrong photon-to-magnon coupling in multilayered heterostructures involving superconducting coherence via ferromagnetic layers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabe8638. [PMID: 34144980 PMCID: PMC8213224 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe8638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The critical step for future quantum industry demands realization of efficient information exchange between different-platform hybrid systems that can harvest advantages of distinct platforms. The major restraining factor for the progress in certain hybrids is weak coupling strength between the elemental particles. In particular, this restriction impedes a promising field of hybrid magnonics. In this work, we propose an approach for realization of on-chip hybrid magnonic systems with unprecedentedly strong coupling parameters. The approach is based on multilayered microstructures containing superconducting, insulating, and ferromagnetic layers with modified photon phase velocities and magnon eigenfrequencies. The enhanced coupling strength is provided by the radically reduced photon mode volume. Study of the microscopic mechanism of the photon-to-magnon coupling evidences formation of the long-range superconducting coherence via thick strong ferromagnetic layers in superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor trilayer in the presence of magnetization precession. This discovery offers new opportunities in microwave superconducting spintronics for quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Golovchanskiy
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russia.
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 4 Leninsky prosp., Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Nikolay N Abramov
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 4 Leninsky prosp., Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Vasily S Stolyarov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russia
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Sushchevskaya 22, Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - Martin Weides
- James Watt School of Engineering, Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering Division, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Valery V Ryazanov
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 4 Leninsky prosp., Moscow 119049, Russia
- Institute of Solid State Physics (ISSP RAS), Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
| | - Alexander A Golubov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russia
- Faculty of Science and Technology and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Alexey V Ustinov
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 4 Leninsky prosp., Moscow 119049, Russia
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, 143025 Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Mikhail Yu Kupriyanov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russia
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, MSU, Moscow 119991, Russia
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