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Du X, Idjadi MH, Ding Y, Zhang T, Geers AJ, Yao S, Pyo JB, Aflatouni F, Allen M, Olsson RH. Frequency tunable magnetostatic wave filters with zero static power magnetic biasing circuitry. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3582. [PMID: 38678044 PMCID: PMC11055899 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47822-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
A single tunable filter simplifies complexity, reduces insertion loss, and minimizes size compared to frequency switchable filter banks commonly used for radio frequency (RF) band selection. Magnetostatic wave (MSW) filters stand out for their wide, continuous frequency tuning and high-quality factor. However, MSW filters employing electromagnets for tuning consume excessive power and space, unsuitable for consumer wireless applications. Here, we demonstrate miniature and high selectivity MSW tunable filters with zero static power consumption, occupying less than 2 cc. The center frequency is continuously tunable from 3.4 GHz to 11.1 GHz via current pulses of sub-millisecond duration applied to a small and nonvolatile magnetic bias assembly. This assembly is limited in the area over which it can achieve a large and uniform magnetic field, necessitating filters realized from small resonant cavities micromachined in thin films of Yttrium Iron Garnet. Filter insertion loss of 3.2 dB to 5.1 dB and out-of-band third order input intercept point greater than 41 dBm are achieved. The filter's broad frequency range, compact size, low insertion loss, high out-of-band linearity, and zero static power consumption are essential for protecting RF transceivers from interference, thus facilitating their use in mobile applications like IoT and 6 G networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Du
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mohamad Hossein Idjadi
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yixiao Ding
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander J Geers
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shun Yao
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jun Beom Pyo
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Firooz Aflatouni
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark Allen
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Roy H Olsson
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Marcelli R, Lucibello A, Proietti E, Koike T. Coupled Micromachined Magnetic Resonators for Microwave Signal Processing. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:259. [PMID: 38398987 PMCID: PMC10893138 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, the theory, micromachining technology, and experimental results of the coupling of integrated magnetic film-based resonators for microwave signal filtering are presented. This is an extended contribution to the field of magnetostatic wave coupled resonators, including details about the technological results, circuit theory, and perspective applications for tunable integrated coupled magnetic resonators. An analytical approach using the magnetostatic wave approximation is used to derive the coupling coefficient between adjacent resonators coupled by the electromagnetic field decaying outside the resonators. Then, micromachining employing hot phosphoric acid etching is presented to manufacture integrated coupled resonators. Finally, circuit modeling and experimental results obtained using the ferromagnetic resonance technique are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romolo Marcelli
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (CNR-IMM), 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.L.); (E.P.)
| | - Andrea Lucibello
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (CNR-IMM), 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.L.); (E.P.)
| | - Emanuela Proietti
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (CNR-IMM), 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.L.); (E.P.)
| | - Takuro Koike
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo 194-8610, Japan
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Wang Q, Verba R, Heinz B, Schneider M, Wojewoda O, Davídková K, Levchenko K, Dubs C, Mauser NJ, Urbánek M, Pirro P, Chumak AV. Deeply nonlinear excitation of self-normalized short spin waves. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg4609. [PMID: 37566658 PMCID: PMC10426902 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg4609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Spin waves are ideal candidates for wave-based computing, but the construction of magnetic circuits is blocked by a lack of an efficient mechanism to excite long-running exchange spin waves with normalized amplitudes. Here, we solve the challenge by exploiting a deeply nonlinear phenomenon for forward volume spin waves in 200-nm-wide nanoscale waveguides and validate our concept using microfocused Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy. An unprecedented nonlinear frequency shift of more than 2 GHz is achieved, corresponding to a magnetization precession angle of 55° and enabling the excitation of spin waves with wavelengths down to 200 nm. The amplitude of the excited spin waves is constant and independent of the input microwave power due to the self-locking nonlinear shift, enabling robust adjustment of the spin-wave amplitudes in future on-chip magnonic integrated circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Research Platform Mathematics-Magnetism-Materials, Faculty of Math, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Wolfgang Pauli Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Björn Heinz
- Fachbereich Physik and Landesforschungszentrum OPTIMAS, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserlautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Michael Schneider
- Fachbereich Physik and Landesforschungszentrum OPTIMAS, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserlautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ondřej Wojewoda
- CEITEC BUT, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Carsten Dubs
- INNOVENT e.V., Technologieentwicklung, Jena, Germany
| | - Norbert J. Mauser
- Research Platform Mathematics-Magnetism-Materials, Faculty of Math, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Wolfgang Pauli Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michal Urbánek
- CEITEC BUT, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Philipp Pirro
- Fachbereich Physik and Landesforschungszentrum OPTIMAS, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserlautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Andrii V. Chumak
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Research Platform Mathematics-Magnetism-Materials, Faculty of Math, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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