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Li KS, Liu YH. Impact of Migraine and Vestibular Migraine on Audiometric Profiles and Quality of Life in Patients With Tinnitus. Otol Neurotol 2024; 45:e443-e449. [PMID: 38728562 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000004196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical manifestations and complete auditory function in primary tinnitus patients with and without migraine or vestibular migraine. DESIGN Retrospective case-control study. SETTING A tertiary referral center. PARTICIPANTS This study enrolled 298 patients from the Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital. All patients were diagnosed with primary tinnitus by a neurotologist between April 2020 and August 2021. Patients were excluded if they had histories of chronic otitis media, idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss, Ménière's disease, skull base neoplasm, or temporal bone trauma. INTERVENTIONS Twenty-five-item Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), speech audiometry including speech recognition threshold, most comfortable level, uncomfortable loudness levels, dynamic range, and pure-tone audiometry. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES Objective hearing loss is defined as a mean threshold greater than 25 dB. Extremely elevated THI is defined as a score greater than 1 standard deviation above the mean THI. RESULTS Among the 298 patients with tinnitus, 149 were women and 149 were men, with a mean age of 57.06 (range, 19.22-94.58) years.A total of 125 patients completed the THI questionnaire during their initial visit. The median THI score was 32 (95% confidence interval: 13.98-56.00), and the mean score was 34.99 with a standard deviation of 21.01. The sole contributing factor significantly associated with higher total THI score was the diagnosis of migraine or vestibular migraine (p < 0.001, odds ratio = 19.41).Tinnitus patients with migraine or vestibular migraine exhibited significantly lower mean pure-tone auditory thresholds (right 22.2 versus 29.5, p = 0.002; left 22.5 versus 30.4, p < 0.001), speech recognition threshold (right 20.0 versus 25.2, p = 0.016; left 20.2 versus 25.5, p = 0.019), and most comfortable levels values (right 46.1 versus 51.4, p = 0.007; left 46.9 versus 51.4, p = 0.021) compared with the tinnitus patients without migraine. CONCLUSIONS In this population-based study, patients with primary tinnitus experienced significantly higher THI scores and exhibited concurrent symptoms, including dizziness/vertigo, cervicalgia, and migraine or vestibular migraine. Among these parameters, the diagnosis of migraine or vestibular migraine was the sole contributor to significant higher THI score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng-Sheng Li
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital
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Sendesen E, Turkyilmaz D. Investigation of the effectiveness of sound enrichment in the treatment of tinnitus due to hearing loss. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3520. [PMID: 38715412 PMCID: PMC11077254 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In previous animal studies, sound enhancement reduced tinnitus perception in cases associated with hearing loss. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of sound enrichment therapy in tinnitus treatment by developing a protocol that includes criteria for psychoacoustic characteristics of tinnitus to determine whether the etiology is related to hearing loss. METHODS A total of 96 patients with chronic tinnitus were included in the study. Fifty-two patients in the study group and 44 patients in the placebo group considered residual inhibition (RI) outcomes and tinnitus pitches. Both groups received sound enrichment treatment with different spectrum contents. The tinnitus handicap inventory (THI), visual analog scale (VAS), minimum masking level (MML), and tinnitus loudness level (TLL) results were compared before and at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in THI, VAS, MML, and TLL scores from the first month to all months after treatment (p < .01). For the study group, there was a statistically significant decrease in THI, VAS, MML, and TLL scores in the first month (p < .01). This decrease continued at a statistically significant level in the third month of posttreatment for THI (p < .05) and at all months for VAS-1 (tinnitus severity) (p < .05) and VAS-2 (tinnitus discomfort) (p < .05). CONCLUSION In clinical practice, after excluding other factors related to the tinnitus etiology, sound enrichment treatment can be effective in tinnitus cases where RI is positive and the tinnitus pitch is matched with a hearing loss between 45 and 55 dB HL in a relatively short period of 1 month.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eser Sendesen
- Department of AudiologyHacettepe UniversityAnkaraTurkey
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Clifford RE, Maihofer AX, Chatzinakos C, Coleman JRI, Daskalakis NP, Gasperi M, Hogan K, Mikita EA, Stein MB, Tcheandjieu C, Telese F, Zuo Y, Ryan AF, Nievergelt CM. Genetic architecture distinguishes tinnitus from hearing loss. Nat Commun 2024; 15:614. [PMID: 38242899 PMCID: PMC10799010 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44842-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus is a heritable, highly prevalent auditory disorder treated by multiple medical specialties. Previous GWAS indicated high genetic correlations between tinnitus and hearing loss, with little indication of differentiating signals. We present a GWAS meta-analysis, triple previous sample sizes, and expand to non-European ancestries. GWAS in 596,905 Million Veteran Program subjects identified 39 tinnitus loci, and identified genes related to neuronal synapses and cochlear structural support. Applying state-of-the-art analytic tools, we confirm a large number of shared variants, but also a distinct genetic architecture of tinnitus, with higher polygenicity and large proportion of variants not shared with hearing difficulty. Tissue-expression analysis for tinnitus infers broad enrichment across most brain tissues, in contrast to hearing difficulty. Finally, tinnitus is not only correlated with hearing loss, but also with a spectrum of psychiatric disorders, providing potential new avenues for treatment. This study establishes tinnitus as a distinct disorder separate from hearing difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Royce E Clifford
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA.
- University of California San Diego, Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Adam X Maihofer
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chris Chatzinakos
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Center of Excellence in Depression and Anxiety Disorders, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan R I Coleman
- King's College London, NIHR Maudsley BRC, London, UK
- King's College London, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Nikolaos P Daskalakis
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Center of Excellence in Depression and Anxiety Disorders, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Marianna Gasperi
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kelleigh Hogan
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Mikita
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Murray B Stein
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Psychiatry Service, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California San Diego, School of Public Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Francesca Telese
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yanning Zuo
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Allen F Ryan
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California San Diego, Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Caroline M Nievergelt
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA.
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Yasoda-Mohan A, Vanneste S. Development, Insults and Predisposing Factors of the Brain's Predictive Coding System to Chronic Perceptual Disorders-A Life-Course Examination. Brain Sci 2024; 14:86. [PMID: 38248301 PMCID: PMC10813926 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The predictive coding theory is currently widely accepted as the theoretical basis of perception and chronic perceptual disorders are explained as the maladaptive compensation of the brain to a prediction error. Although this gives us a general framework to work with, it is still not clear who may be more susceptible and/or vulnerable to aberrations in this system. In this paper, we study changes in predictive coding through the lens of tinnitus and pain. We take a step back to understand how the predictive coding system develops from infancy, what are the different neural and bio markers that characterise this system in the acute, transition and chronic phases and what may be the factors that pose a risk to the aberration of this system. Through this paper, we aim to identify people who may be at a higher risk of developing chronic perceptual disorders as a reflection of aberrant predictive coding, thereby giving future studies more facets to incorporate in their investigation of early markers of tinnitus, pain and other disorders of predictive coding. We therefore view this paper to encourage the thinking behind the development of preclinical biomarkers to maladaptive predictive coding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Yasoda-Mohan
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R123 Dublin, Ireland;
- Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R123 Dublin, Ireland
- Lab for Clinical & Integrative Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R123 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R123 Dublin, Ireland;
- Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R123 Dublin, Ireland
- Lab for Clinical & Integrative Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R123 Dublin, Ireland
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Gross J, Knipper M, Mazurek B. Candidate Key Proteins in Tinnitus: A Bioinformatic Study of Synaptic Transmission in Spiral Ganglion Neurons. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:4189-4207. [PMID: 37736859 PMCID: PMC10661836 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01405-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
To study key proteins associated with changes in synaptic transmission in the spiral ganglion in tinnitus, we build three gene lists from the GeneCard database: 1. Perception of sound (PoS), 2. Acoustic stimulation (AcouStim), and 3. Tinnitus (Tin). Enrichment analysis by the DAVID database resulted in similar Gene Ontology (GO) terms for cellular components in all gene lists, reflecting synaptic structures known to be involved in auditory processing. The STRING protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the Cytoscape data analyzer were used to identify the top two high-degree proteins (HDPs) and their high-score interaction proteins (HSIPs) identified by the combined score (CS) of the corresponding edges. The top two protein pairs (key proteins) for the PoS are BDNF-GDNF and OTOF-CACNA1D and for the AcouStim process BDNF-NTRK2 and TH-CALB1. The Tin process showed BDNF and NGF as HDPs, with high-score interactions with NTRK1 and NGFR at a comparable level. Compared to the PoS and AcouStim process, the number of HSIPs of key proteins (CS > 90. percentile) increases strongly in Tin. In the PoS and AcouStim networks, BDNF receptor signaling is the dominant pathway, and in the Tin network, the NGF-signaling pathway is of similar importance. Key proteins and their HSIPs are good indicators of biological processes and of signaling pathways characteristic for the normal hearing on the one hand and tinnitus on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Gross
- Tinnitus Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Leibniz Society of Science Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marlies Knipper
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Center (THRC), Molecular Physiology of Hearing, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Leibniz Society of Science Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Mazurek
- Tinnitus Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Wójcik J, Kochański B, Cieśla K, Lewandowska M, Karpiesz L, Niedziałek I, Raj-Koziak D, Skarżyński PH, Wolak T. An MR spectroscopy study of temporal areas excluding primary auditory cortex and frontal regions in subjective bilateral and unilateral tinnitus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18417. [PMID: 37891242 PMCID: PMC10611771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicate changes in neurotransmission along the auditory pathway in subjective tinnitus. Most authors, however, investigated brain regions including the primary auditory cortex, whose physiology can be affected by concurrent hearing deficits. In the present MR spectroscopy study we assumed increased levels of glutamate and glutamine (Glx), and other Central Nervous System metabolites in the temporal lobe outside the primary auditory cortex, in a region involved in conscious auditory perception and memory. We studied 52 participants with unilateral (n = 24) and bilateral (n = 28) tinnitus, and a control group without tinnitus (n = 25), all with no severe hearing losses and a similar hearing profile. None of the metabolite levels in the temporal regions of interest were found related to tinnitus status or laterality. Unexpectedly, we found a tendency of increased concentration of Glx in the control left medial frontal region in bilateral vs unilateral tinnitus. Slightly elevated depressive and anxiety symptoms were also shown in participants with tinnitus, as compared to healthy individuals, with the bilateral tinnitus group marginally more affected. We discuss no apparent effect in the temporal lobes, as well as the role of frontal brain areas, with respect to hearing loss, attention and psychological well-being in chronic tinnitus. We furthermore elaborate on the design-related and technical obstacles of MR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Wójcik
- Bioimaging Research Center, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Mokra 17 Street, Kajetany, 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kochański
- Bioimaging Research Center, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Mokra 17 Street, Kajetany, 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Cieśla
- Bioimaging Research Center, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Mokra 17 Street, Kajetany, 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland.
| | - Monika Lewandowska
- Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Fosa Staromiejska 1a Street, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Lucyna Karpiesz
- Tinnitus Department, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Mokra 17 Street, Kajetany, 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland
| | - Iwona Niedziałek
- Tinnitus Department, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Mokra 17 Street, Kajetany, 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland
| | - Danuta Raj-Koziak
- Tinnitus Department, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Mokra 17 Street, Kajetany, 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland
| | - Piotr Henryk Skarżyński
- Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Mokra 17 Street, Kajetany, 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland
- Institute of Sensory Organs, Mokra 1 Street, Kajetany, 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Kondratowicza 8 Street, 03-242, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Wolak
- Bioimaging Research Center, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Mokra 17 Street, Kajetany, 05-830, Nadarzyn, Poland
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Isler B, Neff P, Kleinjung T. [Functional neuroimaging options for tinnitus]. HNO 2023; 71:640-647. [PMID: 37382658 PMCID: PMC10520110 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-023-01319-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology behind tinnitus is still not well understood. Different imaging methods help in the understanding of the complex relationships that lead to the perception of tinnitus. OBJECTIVE Herein, different functional imaging methods that can be used in the study of tinnitus are presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS Considering the recent literature on the subject, the relevant imaging methods used in tinnitus research are discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Functional imaging can reveal correlates of tinnitus. Due to the still limited temporal and spatial resolution of current imaging modalities, a conclusive explanation of tinnitus remains elusive. With increasing use of functional imaging, additional important insights into the explanation of tinnitus will be gained in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Isler
- Klinik für Ohren‑, Nasen‑, Hals- und Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsspital Zürich, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz.
- Klinik für Ohren‑, Nasen‑, Hals- und Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsspital Zürich, Frauenklinikstr. 24, 8091, Zürich, Schweiz.
| | - Patrick Neff
- Klinik für Ohren‑, Nasen‑, Hals- und Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsspital Zürich, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Deutschland
- Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Schweiz
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Universität Salzburg, Salzburg, Österreich
| | - Tobias Kleinjung
- Klinik für Ohren‑, Nasen‑, Hals- und Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsspital Zürich, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz
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王 雪, 金 永, 崔 哲, 于 常, 金 玉, 杨 军. [Research advances in the correlation between chronic subjective tinnitus and anxiety state]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2023; 37:393-398. [PMID: 37138405 PMCID: PMC10495774 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Tinnitus and anxiety disorder are common clinical symptoms. Comorbidity between tinnitus and anxiety state is increasing year by year. The relationship between tinnitus and anxiety state has always been a hot topic, and this paper reviews the literature on the relationship between chronic subjective tinnitus and anxiety state in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- 雪艳 王
- 延边大学附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(吉林延吉,133000)Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, 133000, China
| | - 永德 金
- 延边大学附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(吉林延吉,133000)Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, 133000, China
| | - 哲洙 崔
- 延边大学附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(吉林延吉,133000)Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, 133000, China
| | - 常旭 于
- 延边大学附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(吉林延吉,133000)Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, 133000, China
| | - 玉莲 金
- 上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科 上海交通大学医学院耳科学研究所 上海耳鼻疾病转化医学重点实验室Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Disease
| | - 军 杨
- 上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科 上海交通大学医学院耳科学研究所 上海耳鼻疾病转化医学重点实验室Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Disease
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Wang K, Lu X, Sun S. Application of auditory mismatch negativity in tinnitus patients based on high-resolution electroencephalogram signals. Transl Neurosci 2022; 13:460-469. [PMID: 36561287 PMCID: PMC9743199 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of mismatch negativity (MMN) by comparing high-resolution electroencephalogram signals from tinnitus patients and healthy controls. Methods The study included eight subjects with chronic subjective idiopathic tinnitus and seven healthy controls. Participants with clinical speech (512-2,000 Hz) hearing thresholds less than 25 dB HL and with negative Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores were included in the study. The E-Prime 2.0 software and a 256-electrode EGI Net Station system were used to evoke and record the MMN signal, and the amplitude and latency parameters of the MMN responses were compared between the two groups. Results From 150 ms, there was a significant difference between the amplitude of standard stimulation and deviation stimulation, and the event-related potential amplitude under deviation stimulation in the tinnitus patient group was significantly different from that in the healthy group. The MMN amplitude of the FCz electrode was statistically significantly lower in the tinnitus patients compared to healthy controls. Conclusion MMN has application value in the evaluation of abnormal electrical activity in the auditory pathway, and electroencephalograms are feasible for follow-up monitoring after acoustic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunkun Wang
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shan Sun
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
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Can GABAkines Quiet the Noise? The GABAA Receptor Neurobiology and Pharmacology of Tinnitus. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 201:115067. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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