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Li Y, He L, Song H, Bao X, Niu S, Bai J, Ma J, Yuan R, Liu S, Guo J. Cordyceps: Alleviating ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular injury - A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118321. [PMID: 38735418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cordyceps has a long medicinal history as a nourishing herb in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs), including cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury (CI/RI) and myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury (MI/RI), are major contributors to mortality and disability in humans. Numerous studies have indicated that Cordyceps or its artificial substitutes have significant bioactivity on ischemic CCVDs, however, there is a lack of relevant reviews. AIM OF THE STUDY This review was conducted to investigate the chemical elements, pharmacological effects, clinical application and drug safety of Cordycepson ischemic CCVDs. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted on the Web of Science, PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang databases using the keywords "Cordyceps", "Cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury", and "Myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury" or their synonyms. The retrieved literature was then categorized and summarized. RESULTS The study findings indicated that Cordyceps and its bioactive components, including adenosine, cordycepin, mannitol, polysaccharide, and protein, have the potential to protect against CI/RI and MI/RI by improving blood perfusion, mitigating damage from reactive oxygen species, suppressing inflammation, preventing cellular apoptosis, and promoting tissue regeneration. Individually, Cordyceps could reduce neuronal excitatory toxicity and blood-brain barrier damage caused by cerebral ischemia. It can also significantly improve cardiac energy metabolism disorders and inhibit calcium overload caused by myocardial ischemia. Additionally, Cordyceps exerts a significant preventive or curative influence on the factors responsible for heart/brain ischemia, including hypertension, thrombosis, atherosclerosis, and arrhythmia. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates Cordyceps' prospective efficacy and safety in the prevention or treatment of CI/RI and MI/RI, providing novel insights for managing ischemic CCVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Liying He
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Haoran Song
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiuwen Bao
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Shuqi Niu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jing Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Junhao Ma
- College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Run Yuan
- College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Sijing Liu
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jinlin Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Dorweiler TF, Singh A, Ganju A, Lydic TA, Glazer LC, Kolesnick RN, Busik JV. Diabetic retinopathy is a ceramidopathy reversible by anti-ceramide immunotherapy. Cell Metab 2024:S1550-4131(24)00133-5. [PMID: 38718792 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is a microvascular disease that causes blindness. Using acid sphingomyelinase knockout mice, we reported that ceramide generation is critical for diabetic retinopathy development. Here, in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, we identify vitreous ceramide imbalance with pathologic long-chain C16-ceramides increasing and protective very long-chain C26-ceramides decreasing. C16-ceramides generate pro-inflammatory/pro-apoptotic ceramide-rich platforms on endothelial surfaces. To geo-localize ceramide-rich platforms, we invented a three-dimensional confocal assay and showed that retinopathy-producing cytokines TNFα and IL-1β induce ceramide-rich platform formation on retinal endothelial cells within seconds, with volumes increasing 2-logs, yielding apoptotic death. Anti-ceramide antibodies abolish these events. Furthermore, intravitreal and systemic anti-ceramide antibodies protect from diabetic retinopathy in standardized rodent ischemia reperfusion and streptozotocin models. These data support (1) retinal endothelial ceramide as a diabetic retinopathy treatment target, (2) early-stage therapy of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy to prevent progression, and (3) systemic diabetic retinopathy treatment; and they characterize diabetic retinopathy as a "ceramidopathy" reversible by anti-ceramide immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim F Dorweiler
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02113, USA
| | - Arjun Singh
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Aditya Ganju
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Todd A Lydic
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Louis C Glazer
- Vitreo-Retinal Associates, Grand Rapids, MI 49546, USA; Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Richard N Kolesnick
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute New York, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Julia V Busik
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Biochemistry and Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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Pan Y, Li J, Lin P, Wan L, Qu Y, Cao L, Wang L. A review of the mechanisms of abnormal ceramide metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease, and their co-morbidities. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1348410. [PMID: 38379904 PMCID: PMC10877008 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1348410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is rapidly increasing, revealing a strong association between these two diseases. Currently, there are no curative medication available for the comorbidity of T2DM and AD. Ceramides are structural components of cell membrane lipids and act as signal molecules regulating cell homeostasis. Their synthesis and degradation play crucial roles in maintaining metabolic balance in vivo, serving as important mediators in the development of neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders. Abnormal ceramide metabolism disrupts intracellular signaling, induces oxidative stress, activates inflammatory factors, and impacts glucose and lipid homeostasis in metabolism-related tissues like the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue, driving the occurrence and progression of T2DM. The connection between changes in ceramide levels in the brain, amyloid β accumulation, and tau hyper-phosphorylation is evident. Additionally, ceramide regulates cell survival and apoptosis through related signaling pathways, actively participating in the occurrence and progression of AD. Regulatory enzymes, their metabolites, and signaling pathways impact core pathological molecular mechanisms shared by T2DM and AD, such as insulin resistance and inflammatory response. Consequently, regulating ceramide metabolism may become a potential therapeutic target and intervention for the comorbidity of T2DM and AD. The paper comprehensively summarizes and discusses the role of ceramide and its metabolites in the pathogenesis of T2DM and AD, as well as the latest progress in the treatment of T2DM with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Carr ST, Saito ER, Walton CM, Saito JY, Hanegan CM, Warren CE, Trumbull AM, Bikman BT. Ceramides Mediate Insulin-Induced Impairments in Cerebral Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in ApoE4 Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16635. [PMID: 38068958 PMCID: PMC10706658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disease worldwide. A large body of work implicates insulin resistance in the development and progression of AD. Moreover, impairment in mitochondrial function, a common symptom of insulin resistance, now represents a fundamental aspect of AD pathobiology. Ceramides are a class of bioactive sphingolipids that have been hypothesized to drive insulin resistance. Here, we describe preliminary work that tests the hypothesis that hyperinsulinemia pathologically alters cerebral mitochondrial function in AD mice via accrual of the ceramides. Homozygous male and female ApoE4 mice, an oft-used model of AD research, were given chronic injections of PBS (control), insulin, myriocin (an inhibitor of ceramide biosynthesis), or insulin and myriocin over four weeks. Cerebral ceramide content was assessed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates were measured with high-resolution respirometry, and H2O2 emissions were quantified via biochemical assays on brain tissue from the cerebral cortex. Significant increases in brain ceramides and impairments in brain oxygen consumption were observed in the insulin-treated group. These hyperinsulinemia-induced impairments in mitochondrial function were reversed with the administration of myriocin. Altogether, these data demonstrate a causative role for insulin in promoting brain ceramide accrual and subsequent mitochondrial impairments that may be involved in AD expression and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Benjamin T. Bikman
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (S.T.C.); (E.R.S.); (C.M.W.); (A.M.T.)
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Zhu XM, Li L, Bao JD, Wang JY, Daskalov A, Liu XH, Del Poeta M, Lin FC. The biological functions of sphingolipids in plant pathogenic fungi. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011733. [PMID: 37943805 PMCID: PMC10635517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are critically significant in a range of biological processes in animals, plants, and fungi. In mammalian cells, they serve as vital components of the plasma membrane (PM) in maintaining its structure, tension, and fluidity. They also play a key role in a wide variety of biological processes, such as intracellular signal transduction, cell polarization, differentiation, and migration. In plants, sphingolipids are important for cell development and for cell response to environmental stresses. In pathogenic fungi, sphingolipids are crucial for the initiation and the development of infection processes afflicting humans. However, our knowledge on the metabolism and function of the sphingolipid metabolic pathway of pathogenic fungi affecting plants is still very limited. In this review, we discuss recent developments on sphingolipid pathways of plant pathogenic fungi, highlighting their uniqueness and similarity with plants and animals. In addition, we discuss recent advances in the research and development of fungal-targeted inhibitors of the sphingolipid pathway, to gain insights on how we can better control the infection process occurring in plants to prevent or/and to treat fungal infections in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Dong Bao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiao-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Asen Daskalov
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Maurizio Del Poeta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, New York, United States of America
| | - Fu-Cheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhu Z, Huang A, Chen M, Wang J, Li Z, Sun Z, Ye Y, Nan J, Yu S, Chen M, Xie Y, Hu H, Zhang J, Wu Q, Ding Y. Impacts of selenium enrichment on nutritive value and obesity prevention of Cordyceps militaris: A nutritional, secondary metabolite, and network pharmacological analysis. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100788. [PMID: 37780281 PMCID: PMC10534092 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the nutritive value and obesity prevention of ordinary Cordyceps militaris (CM) and selenium-enriched CM (SeCM). The results indicated that Se enrichment significantly increased the total carbohydrate and soluble dietary fiber content, while the protein and insoluble dietary fiber content decreased. Although the fat content was not affected, the medium and long-chain fatty acids content significantly changed. Moreover, Se enrichment significantly elevated the secondary metabolites belonging to terpenoids and alkaloids, which are linked with the enhanced biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Both CM and SeCM reduced body weight, adipose accumulation, impaired glucose tolerance, and lipid levels in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice, and there was no significant difference between them. Network pharmacological analysis revealed that dietary CM and SeCM prevented HFD-induced obesity and associated metabolic diseases with multi-ingredients acting on multi-targets. Overall, Se enrichment improved the nutritive value of CM without altering its role in preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjun Zhu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Aohuan Huang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Mengfei Chen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zeyang Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhongxu Sun
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yiheng Ye
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jingwei Nan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shubo Yu
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yizhen Xie
- Guangdong Yuewei Edible Mushroom Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Huiping Hu
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Guangzhou 510070, China
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Jia W, Yuan J, Cheng B, Ling C. Targeting tumor-derived exosome-mediated premetastatic niche formation: The metastasis-preventive value of traditional Chinese medicine. Cancer Lett 2023:216261. [PMID: 37302563 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosome (TDE)-mediated premetastatic niche (PMN) formation is a potential mechanism underlying the organotropic metastasis of primary tumors. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has shown considerable success in preventing and treating tumor metastasis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this review, we discussed PMN formation from the perspectives of TDE biogenesis, cargo sorting, and TDE recipient cell alterations, which are critical for metastatic outgrowth. We also reviewed the metastasis-preventive effects of TCM, which act by targeting the physicochemical materials and functional mediators of TDE biogenesis, regulating the cargo sorting machinery and secretory molecules in TDEs, and targeting the TDE-recipient cells involved in PMN formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Jia
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200043, China.
| | - Jiaying Yuan
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200043, China.
| | - Binbin Cheng
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200043, China.
| | - Changquan Ling
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200043, China.
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Yuan H, Zhu B, Li C, Zhao Z. Ceramide in cerebrovascular diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1191609. [PMID: 37333888 PMCID: PMC10272456 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1191609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramide, a bioactive sphingolipid, serves as an important second messenger in cell signal transduction. Under stressful conditions, it can be generated from de novo synthesis, sphingomyelin hydrolysis, and/or the salvage pathway. The brain is rich in lipids, and abnormal lipid levels are associated with a variety of brain disorders. Cerebrovascular diseases, which are mainly caused by abnormal cerebral blood flow and secondary neurological injury, are the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. There is a growing body of evidence for a close connection between elevated ceramide levels and cerebrovascular diseases, especially stroke and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). The increased ceramide has broad effects on different types of brain cells, including endothelial cells, microglia, and neurons. Therefore, strategies that reduce ceramide synthesis, such as modifying sphingomyelinase activity or the rate-limiting enzyme of the de novo synthesis pathway, serine palmitoyltransferase, may represent novel and promising therapeutic approaches to prevent or treat cerebrovascular injury-related diseases.
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Wang Y, Sun Z, Zang G, Zhang L, Wang Z. Role of ceramides in diabetic foot ulcers (Review). Int J Mol Med 2023; 51:26. [PMID: 36799149 PMCID: PMC9943538 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder, which if not managed properly, can lead to serious health problems over time and impose significant financial burden on the patient, their family and society as a whole. The study of this disease and the underlying biological mechanism is gaining momentum. Multiple pieces of conclusive evidence show that ceramides are involved in the occurrence and development of diabetes. The present review focuses on the function of ceramides, a type of sphingolipid signaling molecule, to provide a brief description of ceramides and their metabolism, discuss the significant roles of ceramides in the healthy skin barrier, and speculate on the potential involvement of ceramides in the pathogenesis and development of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Understanding these aspects of this disease more thoroughly is crucial to establish how ceramides contribute to the etiology of diabetic foot infections and identify possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhongqun Wang
- Correspondence to: Dr Zhongqun Wang, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Piccoli M, Cirillo F, Ghiroldi A, Rota P, Coviello S, Tarantino A, La Rocca P, Lavota I, Creo P, Signorelli P, Pappone C, Anastasia L. Sphingolipids and Atherosclerosis: The Dual Role of Ceramide and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010143. [PMID: 36671005 PMCID: PMC9855164 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are bioactive molecules that play either pro- and anti-atherogenic roles in the formation and maturation of atherosclerotic plaques. Among SLs, ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate showed antithetic properties in regulating various molecular mechanisms and have emerged as novel potential targets for regulating the development of atherosclerosis. In particular, maintaining the balance of the so-called ceramide/S1P rheostat is important to prevent the occurrence of endothelial dysfunction, which is the trigger for the entire atherosclerotic process and is strongly associated with increased oxidative stress. In addition, these two sphingolipids, together with many other sphingolipid mediators, are directly involved in the progression of atherogenesis and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques by promoting the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and influencing the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype. The modulation of ceramide and S1P levels may therefore allow the development of new antioxidant therapies that can prevent or at least impair the onset of atherogenesis, which would ultimately improve the quality of life of patients with coronary artery disease and significantly reduce their mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Piccoli
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Cirillo
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ghiroldi
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Rota
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Coviello
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Tarantino
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo La Rocca
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Ivana Lavota
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Pasquale Creo
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Signorelli
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Pappone
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Arrhythmology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Anastasia
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0226437765
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Lu Y, Wang Y, Yuan X, Huang O, Dong Q, Li D, Ding S, Ma F, Yu H. Genomic Comparative Analysis of Cordyceps pseudotenuipes with Other Species from Cordyceps. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12090844. [PMID: 36144248 PMCID: PMC9505148 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The whole genome of Cordyceps pseudotenuipes was sequenced, annotated, and compared with three related species to characterize the genome. The antibiotics and Secondary Metabolites Analysis Shell (antiSMASH) and local BLAST analysis were used to explore the secondary metabolites (SMs) and biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs) of the genus Cordyceps. The genome-wide basic characteristics of C. pseudotenuipes, C. tenuipes, C. cicadae, and C. militaris revealed unequal genome size, with C. cicadae as the largest (34.11 Mb), followed by C. militaris (32.27 Mb). However, the total gene lengths of C. pseudotenuipes and C. tenuipes were similar (30.1 Mb and 30.06 Mb). The GC contents of C. pseudotenuipes, C. tenuipes, C. cicadae, and C. militaris genomes differed slightly (51.40% to 54.11%). AntiSMASH and local BLAST analysis showed that C. pseudotenuipes, C. tenuipes, C. cicadae, and C. militaris had 31, 28, 31, and 29 putative SM BGCs, respectively. The SM BGCs contained different quantities of polyketide synthetase (PKS), nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS), terpene, hybrid PKS + NRPS, and hybrid NRPS + Other. Moreover, C. pseudotenuipes, C. tenuipes, C. cicadae, and C. militaris had BGCs for the synthesis of dimethylcoprogen. C. pseudotenuipes, C. tenuipes, and C. cicadae had BGCs for the synthesis of leucinostatin A/B, neosartorin, dimethylcoprogen, wortmanamide A/B, and beauvericin. In addition, the SM BGCs unique to C. pseudotenuipes were clavaric acid, communesin, and deoxynivalenol. Synteny analysis indicated that the scaffolds where the SM BGC was located were divided into more than 70 collinear blocks, and there might be rearrangements. Altogether, these findings improved our understanding of the molecular biology of the genus Cordyceps and will facilitate the discovery of new biologically active SMs from the genus Cordyceps using heterologous expression and gene knockdown methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingling Lu
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, The Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration, Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, The Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration, Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming 650201, China
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-186-8716-3524 (Y.W.); +86-137-0067-6633 (H.Y.)
| | - Xiaolong Yuan
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, The Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration, Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Ou Huang
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Quanying Dong
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Shujin Ding
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, The Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration, Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming 650201, China
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Fuxian Ma
- Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, The Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration, Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming 650201, China
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-186-8716-3524 (Y.W.); +86-137-0067-6633 (H.Y.)
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