1
|
Torres-Méndez JK, Niño-Narvión J, Martinez-Santos P, Diarte-Añazco EMG, Méndez-Lara KA, Del Olmo TV, Rotllan N, Julián MT, Alonso N, Mauricio D, Camacho M, Muñoz JP, Rossell J, Julve J. Nicotinamide Prevents Diabetic Brain Inflammation via NAD+-Dependent Deacetylation Mechanisms. Nutrients 2023; 15:3083. [PMID: 37513501 PMCID: PMC10383777 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of nicotinamide (NAM) supplementation on the development of brain inflammation and microglial activation in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes mellitus. C57BL/6J male mice, which were made diabetic with five consecutive, low-dose (55 mg/kg i.p.) streptozotocin (STZ) injections. Diabetic mice were randomly distributed in different experimental groups and challenged to different doses of NAM (untreated, NAM low-dose, LD, 0.1%; NAM high-dose, HD, 0.25%) for 25 days. A control, non-diabetic group of mice was used as a reference. The NAD+ content was increased in the brains of NAM-treated mice compared with untreated diabetic mice (NAM LD: 3-fold; NAM HD: 3-fold, p-value < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining revealed that markers of inflammation (TNFα: NAM LD: -35%; NAM HD: -46%; p-value < 0.05) and microglial activation (IBA-1: NAM LD: -29%; NAM HD: -50%; p-value < 0.05; BDKRB1: NAM LD: -36%; NAM HD: -37%; p-value < 0.05) in brains from NAM-treated diabetic mice were significantly decreased compared with non-treated T1D mice. This finding was accompanied by a concomitant alleviation of nuclear NFκB (p65) signaling in treated diabetic mice (NFκB (p65): NAM LD: -38%; NAM HD: -53%, p-value < 0.05). Notably, the acetylated form of the nuclear NFκB (p65) was significantly decreased in the brains of NAM-treated, diabetic mice (NAM LD: -48%; NAM HD: -63%, p-value < 0.05) and inversely correlated with NAD+ content (r = -0.50, p-value = 0.03), suggesting increased activity of NAD+-dependent deacetylases in the brains of treated mice. Thus, dietary NAM supplementation in diabetic T1D mice prevented brain inflammation via NAD+-dependent deacetylation mechanisms, suggesting an increased action of sirtuin signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Niño-Narvión
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia (UMU), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Noemi Rotllan
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Julián
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Núria Alonso
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Didac Mauricio
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic/Central University of Catalonia (UVIC/UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - Mercedes Camacho
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Muñoz
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joana Rossell
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Julve
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Niño-Narvión J, Rojo-López MI, Martinez-Santos P, Rossell J, Ruiz-Alcaraz AJ, Alonso N, Ramos-Molina B, Mauricio D, Julve J. NAD+ Precursors and Intestinal Inflammation: Therapeutic Insights Involving Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:2992. [PMID: 37447318 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a critical metabolite for living cells. NAD+ may act either as a cofactor for many cellular reactions as well as a coenzyme for different NAD+-consuming enzymes involved in the physiological homeostasis of different organs and systems. In mammals, NAD+ is synthesized from either tryptophan or other vitamin B3 intermediates that act as NAD+ precursors. Recent research suggests that NAD+ precursors play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the gut barrier. Indeed, its deficiency has been associated with enhanced gut inflammation and leakage, and dysbiosis. Conversely, NAD+-increasing therapies may confer protection against intestinal inflammation in experimental conditions and human patients, with accumulating evidence indicating that such favorable effects could be, at least in part, mediated by concomitant changes in the composition of intestinal microbiota. However, the mechanisms by which NAD+-based treatments affect the microbiota are still poorly understood. In this context, we have focused specifically on the impact of NAD+ deficiency on intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis in animal and human models. We have further explored the relationship between NAD+ and improved host intestinal metabolism and immunity and the composition of microbiota in vivo. Overall, this comprehensive review aims to provide a new perspective on the effect of NAD+-increasing strategies on host intestinal physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Niño-Narvión
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Grupo de Obesidad y Metabolismo, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia (UMU), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - Joana Rossell
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio J Ruiz-Alcaraz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia (UMU), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Núria Alonso
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Grupo de Obesidad y Metabolismo, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Didac Mauricio
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic/Central University of Catalonia (UVIC/UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - Josep Julve
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rossell J, Rojo-López MI, Julve J, Mauricio D. The Bittersweet Beat: Diabetes Complications. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4018. [PMID: 37373711 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this Editorial, we are focusing on a selection of articles recently published in the Journal of Clinical Medicine dealing with relevant aspects of cardiometabolic complications of diabetes mellitus [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Rossell
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Idalia Rojo-López
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Julve
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Didac Mauricio
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic/Central University of Catalonia (UVIC/UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rodríguez-Calvo R, Granado-Casas M, Pérez-Montes de Oca A, Julian MT, Domingo M, Codina P, Santiago-Vacas E, Cediel G, Julve J, Rossell J, Masana L, Mauricio D, Lupón J, Bayes-Genis A, Alonso N. Fatty Acid Binding Proteins 3 and 4 Predict Both All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Subjects with Chronic Heart Failure and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030645. [PMID: 36978893 PMCID: PMC10044995 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) are at increased risk for heart failure (HF). The cardiac-specific (FABP3) and adipose-tissue-specific (FABP4) types of the fatty acid binding proteins have been associated with both all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality. The aim of this study was to explore the prognosis value of FABP3 and FABP4 in ambulatory subjects with chronic HF (CHF), with and without T2D. A prospective study involving 240 ambulatory CHF subjects was performed. Patients were followed-up for a mean of 5.78 ± 3.30 years and cause of death (if any) was recorded. Primary endpoints were defined as all-cause and CV death, and a composite endpoint that included CV death or hospitalization for HF was included as a secondary endpoint. Baseline serum samples were obtained and the serum FABP3 and FABP4 concentrations were assessed by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Survival analysis was performed with multivariable Cox regressions, using Fine and Gray competing risks models when needed, to explore the prognostic value of FABP3 and FABP4 concentrations, adjusting for potential confounders. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was highly prevalent, accounting for 47.5% for total subjects with CHF. Subjects with T2D showed higher mortality rates (T2D: 69.30%; non-T2D: 50.79%, p = 0.004) and higher serum FABP3 (1829.3 (1104.9–3440.5) pg/mL vs. 1396.05 (820.3–2362.16) pg/mL, p = 0.007) and FABP4 (45.5 (27.6–79.8) ng/mL vs. 34.1 (24.09–55.3) ng/mL, p = 0.006) concentrations compared with non-T2D CHF subjects. In the whole study cohort, FABP3 was independently associated with all-cause death, and both FABP3 and FABP4 concentrations were associated with CV mortality. The predictive values of these two molecules for all-cause (FABP3: HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.09–1.44; p = 0.002. FABP4: HR 2.21, 95% CI 1.12–4.36; p = 0.023) and CV mortality (FABP3: HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.09–1.50; p = 0.002. FABP4: HR 4.19, 95% CI 2.21–7.95; p < 0.001) were only statistically significant in the subgroup of subjects with T2D. Notably, FABP4 (HR 2.07, 95% CI 1.11–3.87; p = 0.022), but not FABP3, also predicted the occurrence of the composite endpoint (death or hospitalization for HF) only in subjects with T2D. All these associations were not found in CHF subjects without T2D. Our findings support the usefulness of serum FABP3 and FABP4 concentrations as independent predictors for the occurrence of all-cause and CV mortality in ambulatory subjects with CHF with T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Rodríguez-Calvo
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, “Sant Joan” University Hospital, Institut de Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain
- Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Institut de Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Minerva Granado-Casas
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- DAP-Cat Group, Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - María Teresa Julian
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Mar Domingo
- Heart Failure Clinic and Cardiology Service, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Pau Codina
- Heart Failure Clinic and Cardiology Service, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Evelyn Santiago-Vacas
- Heart Failure Clinic and Cardiology Service, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Germán Cediel
- Heart Failure Clinic and Cardiology Service, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Josep Julve
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Rossell
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluís Masana
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, “Sant Joan” University Hospital, Institut de Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain
- Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Institut de Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Didac Mauricio
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic & Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - Josep Lupón
- Heart Failure Clinic and Cardiology Service, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- Heart Failure Clinic and Cardiology Service, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.B.-G.); (N.A.)
| | - Núria Alonso
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.B.-G.); (N.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Castelblanco E, Hernández M, Alonso N, Ribes-Betriu A, Real J, Granado-Casas M, Rossell J, Rojo-López MI, Dusso AS, Julve J, Mauricio D. Association of α-klotho with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:207. [PMID: 36221075 PMCID: PMC9554979 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01640-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Compelling evidence suggests that the fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) / α-klotho axis is impaired in subjects with diabetes mellitus. We examined the relationship between parameters related to calcium/phosphate homeostasis, including FGF23 and α-klotho, and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis burden in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) subjects. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 226 subjects with T1D and 147 age-, sex- and plaque-matched, non-diabetic (non-T1D) subjects, both with normal renal function. Carotid ultrasound was performed to determine the presence and burden of atheromatous plaques. Concentrations of the intact form of FGF23 and α-klotho were assessed by ELISA. Calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D levels were also determined. Negative binomial regression models were used to examine relationship between parameters studied and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. Results Only FGF23 was increased in T1D compared with non-diabetic subjects (> 2-fold; p < 0.05). α-klotho was higher in subjects with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (1.4-fold, p < 0.05). Regression analysis revealed that the log α-klotho concentration was positively associated with the presence of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis both in T1D subjects (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.89; p < 0.05) and in non-T1D subjects (IRR: 1.65; 95% CI, 1.02–2.75; p < 0.05). The models also showed that age, smoking and albuminuria-to-creatinine ratio were positively associated with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in T1D subjects. Interestingly, sex-related protection against plaque was also revealed in T1D women. Conclusion Higher α-klotho was associated with subclinical carotid atherosclerotic in the absence of kidney dysfunction. This finding also points to a new pathophysiological pathway involved in the development and progression of this complication. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12933-022-01640-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esmeralda Castelblanco
- Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 63110, St Louis, MO, USA.,Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAP Jordi Gol), 08007, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Hernández
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova & Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Lleida (IRB Lleida), 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Nuria Alonso
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aina Ribes-Betriu
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Real
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAP Jordi Gol), 08007, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Minerva Granado-Casas
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Rossell
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Idalia Rojo-López
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Silvia Dusso
- Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 63110, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Josep Julve
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Didac Mauricio
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041, Barcelona, Spain. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic (UVIC/UCC), 08500, Vic, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rossell J, González M, Mestres N, Pardina E, Ricart-Jané D, Peinado-Onsurbe J, Baena-Fustegueras JA. Diet Change After Sleeve Gastrectomy Is More Effective for Weight Loss Than Surgery Only. Obes Surg 2018; 27:2566-2574. [PMID: 28342156 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-017-2650-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery with or without diet change has become one of the most effective treatments for obesity. The objective of this study was to observe the effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) and diet change in Sprague-Dawley rats on both body and tissue weights. METHODS Eighteen rats were fed with a standard chow diet (SCD) (C group), and 36 rats were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) (diet-induced obesity (DIO) group). After 8 weeks, the animals underwent VSG, sham surgery or no surgery (NS). After surgery, a third of the rats fed with the HFD changed to the SCD (DIO + C group). Body weight, food and energy intake were recorded daily during the experiment (12 weeks). Food efficiency (%) (FE) was determined from weekly weight gain and weekly kilocalorie consumed measurements. RESULTS The DIO group had higher and significant weight gain than the C group at the time of surgery (p < 0.001). The major weight loss (WL) was observed in the DIO + C-VSG group, during the 4 weeks after surgery. Adipose tissues in the DIO + C-VSG group were drastically reduced and had a weight similar to those in the C-VSG group. CONCLUSION VSG and the diet change combination led to a greater WL, which was maintained during the 4 weeks post-surgery, leading to a normalization of body weight. VSG and diet change also affected most of the tissues, not only adipose, showing a global change in whole body composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Rossell
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta González
- Unitat de Cirurgia, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Núria Mestres
- Unitat de Cirurgia, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Eva Pardina
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Ricart-Jané
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Peinado-Onsurbe
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cambras T, Baena-Fustegueras JA, Pardina E, Ricart-Jané D, Rossell J, Díez-Noguera A, Peinado-Onsurbe J. Seasonal variation in plasma lipids and lipases in young healthy humans. Chronobiol Int 2017; 34:1248-1258. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2017.1359618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trinitat Cambras
- Departament de Fisiologia i Bioquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Eva Pardina
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Ricart-Jané
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Rossell
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Díez-Noguera
- Departament de Fisiologia i Bioquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Peinado-Onsurbe
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pardina E, Ferrer R, Rossell J, Ricart-Jané D, Méndez-Lara KA, Baena-Fustegueras JA, Lecube A, Julve J, Peinado-Onsurbe J. Hepatic CD36 downregulation parallels steatosis improvement in morbidly obese undergoing bariatric surgery. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 41:1388-1393. [PMID: 28555086 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The notion that hepatic expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism is altered in obese patients is relatively new and its relationship with hepatic steatosis and cardiometabolic alterations remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) on the expression profile of genes related to metabolic syndrome in liver biopsies from morbidly obese individuals using a custom-made, focused cDNA microarray, and assessed the relationship between the expression profile and hepatic steatosis regression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasma and liver samples were obtained from patients at baseline and 12 months after surgery. Samples were assayed for chemical and gene expression analyses, as appropriate. Gene expression profiles were assessed using custom-made, focused TaqMan low-density array cards. RESULTS RYGB-induced weight loss produced a favorable reduction in fat deposits, insulin resistance (estimated by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)), and plasma and hepatic lipid levels. Compared with the baseline values, the gene expression levels of key targets of lipid metabolism were significantly altered: CD36 was significantly downregulated (-40%; P=0.001), whereas APOB (+27%; P=0.032) and SCARB1 (+37%; P=0.040) were upregulated in response to surgery-induced weight reduction. We also observed a favorable reduction in the expression of the PAI1 gene (-80%; P=0.007) and a significant increase in the expression of the PPARA (+60%; P=0.014) and PPARGC1 genes (+36%; P=0.015). Notably, the relative fold decrease in the expression of the CD36 gene was directly associated with a concomitant reduction in the cholesterol (Spearman's r=0.92; P=0.001) and phospholipid (Spearman's r=0.76; P=0.04) contents in this tissue. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, RYGB-induced weight loss was shown to promote a favorable downregulation of CD36 expression, which was proportional to a favorable reduction in the hepatic cholesterol and phospholipid contents in our morbidly obese subjects following surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Pardina
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Ferrer
- Unitat d'Hormones, Servei de Bioquímica, Hospital Universitari de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Rossell
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Ricart-Jané
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - K A Méndez-Lara
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | | | - A Lecube
- Departament d'Endocrinologia i Nutrició, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca en Diabetes i Metabolisme, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Julve
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Peinado-Onsurbe
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Julve J, Pardina E, Ferrer R, Rossell J, Baena-Fustegueras J, Fort J, Lecube A, Peinado-Onsurbe J. Bariatric surgery-induced weight loss in morbidly obese patients promotes a favorable decrease in the gene expression of markers of subcutaneous adipose tissue homeostasis. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Ferrer R, Pardina E, Rossell J, Oller L, Viñas A, Baena-Fustegueras JA, Lecube A, Vargas V, Balibrea JM, Caubet E, González O, Vilallonga R, Fort JM, Peinado-Onsurbe J. Morbidly "Healthy" Obese Are Not Metabolically Healthy but Less Metabolically Imbalanced Than Those with Type 2 Diabetes or Dyslipidemia. Obes Surg 2016; 25:1380-91. [PMID: 25515498 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-014-1528-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have investigated the differences between metabolically "healthy" morbidly obese patients and those with comorbidities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two morbidly obese patients were divided by the absence ("healthy": DM-DL-) or presence of comorbidities (dyslipidemic: DM-DL+, or dyslipidemic and with type 2 diabetes: DM+DL+). We have studied various plasma parameters and gene expression adipose tissue, before and after gastric bypass. RESULTS The group DM+DL+ tends to have lower values than the other two groups for anthropometric parameters. Regarding the satiety parameters, only leptin (p = 0.0024) showed a significant increase with comorbidities. Lipid parameters showed significant differences among groups, except for phospholipids and NEFA. For insulin resistance parameters, only glucose (p < 0.0001) was higher in DM+DL+ patients, but not insulin or homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The gene expression of adiponectin, insulin receptor (INSR) and glucose receptor-4 (GLUT4), in the subcutaneous fat, decreased in all groups vs. a non-obese control. Interleukin-6 (IL6) and the inhibitor of plasminogen activator type 1 (PAI-1) genes decreased only in DM-DL+ and DM+DL+, but not in "healthy" patients. Leptin increased in all groups vs. the non-obese control. The visceral fat from DM+DL+ patients showed a sharp decrease in adiponectin, GLUT4, IL6 and PAI-1. All parameters mentioned above improved very significantly by surgery, independent of the occurrence of comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS The morbidly obese "healthy" individual is not really metabolically healthy, but morbidly obese individuals with diabetes and dyslipidemia are more metabolically imbalanced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roser Ferrer
- Biochemistry Department, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pardina E, Ferrer R, Rossell J, Baena-Fustegueras JA, Lecube A, Fort JM, Caubet E, González Ó, Vilallonga R, Vargas V, Balibrea JM, Peinado-Onsurbe J. Diabetic and dyslipidaemic morbidly obese exhibit more liver alterations compared with healthy morbidly obese. BBA Clin 2016; 5:54-65. [PMID: 27051590 PMCID: PMC4802404 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background & aims To study the origin of fat excess in the livers of morbidly obese (MO) individuals, we analysed lipids and lipases in both plasma and liver and genes involved in lipid transport, or related with, in that organ. Methods Thirty-two MO patients were grouped according to the absence (healthy: DM − DL −) or presence of comorbidities (dyslipidemic: DM − DL +; or dyslipidemic with type 2 diabetes: DM + DL +) before and one year after gastric bypass. Results The livers of healthy, DL and DM patients contained more lipids (9.8, 9.5 and 13.7 times, respectively) than those of control subjects. The genes implicated in liver lipid uptake, including HL, LPL, VLDLr, and FAT/CD36, showed increased expression compared with the controls. The expression of genes involved in lipid-related processes outside of the liver, such as apoB, PPARα and PGC1α, CYP7a1 and HMGCR, was reduced in these patients compared with the controls. PAI1 and TNFα gene expression in the diabetic livers was increased compared with the other obese groups and control group. Increased steatosis and fibrosis were also noted in the MO individuals. Conclusions Hepatic lipid parameters in MO patients change based on their comorbidities. The gene expression and lipid levels after bariatric surgery were less prominent in the diabetic patients. Lipid receptor overexpression could enable the liver to capture circulating lipids, thus favouring the steatosis typically observed in diabetic and dyslipidaemic MO individuals. The criteria used to define the “metabolically healthy” obese is not applicable to morbidly obese patients. Virtually no studies of how bariatric surgery affects depending on comorbidities and less how affect to the liver. Anthropometrics, fat, lipid profile and inflammation parameters are different depending of comorbidities, not only in plasma but also in liver. The extent of lipases and lipids in the liver biopsies could help not only the diagnosis but also to follow the course of recovery after surgery. The morbidly obese individuals with diabetes and dyslipidemia have more altered metabolic profiles than the other two groups.
Collapse
Key Words
- ALT, Alanine transaminase
- AST, Aspartate transaminase
- ATGL, Adipose Tissue Glycerol Lipase
- ApoA1, Apolipoprotein A1
- BMI, Body Mass Index
- CPT1a, Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1a
- CRP, C-reactive protein
- CYP7a1, Cholesterol 7 Alpha-Hydroxylase
- DL, Dyslipidaemia
- DM, Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- DM + DL +, Obese patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidaemia
- DM − DL +, Dyslipidemic obese patients
- DM − DL −, “Healthy” obese patients, or patients without type 2 diabetes or dyslipidaemia
- Diabetes
- FAT/CD36, Fatty Acid Translocase or Cluster of Differentiation 36
- GGT, gamma-glutaryl transferase
- HL, Hepatic lipase
- HMGCR, 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Reductase
- HOMA-IR, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance
- HSL, Hormone-sensitive lipase
- HTA, Hypertension
- IL6, Interleukin-6
- IR, Insulin resistance
- KBs, Ketone bodies
- LDLr, Low-Density Lipoprotein receptor
- Lipases
- Lipids
- Liver
- MO, Morbidly obese
- NAFLD
- NAFLD, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH, Non-alcoholic liver steatohepatitis
- NEFA, Non-esterified fatty acid
- PAI1, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor of Type 1
- PLs, Phospholipids
- PPARα, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor alpha
- PPARα, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma Coactivator 1-alpha
- QMs, Chylomicrons
- RYGBP, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
- SAT, Subcutaneous adipose tissue
- SCARB1, Scavenger Receptor Class B, Member 1
- Steatosis
- TAGs, Triacylglycerides
- TC, Total cholesterol
- TNFα, Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha
- UCP2, Uncoupling Protein 2
- VAT, Visceral adipose tissue
- VLDLr, Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein receptor
- apoB, Apolipoprotein B
- cHDL, High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
- cLDL, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
- eNOS3, Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase 3
- iNOS2, Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase 2
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pardina
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Biology Faculty, Barcelona University, Spain
| | - Roser Ferrer
- Biochemistry Department, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Rossell
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Biology Faculty, Barcelona University, Spain
| | | | - Albert Lecube
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital (UdL), Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit (VHIR, UAB), CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM) del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Fort
- Endocrinology Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Caubet
- Endocrinology Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Óscar González
- Endocrinology Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Vilallonga
- Endocrinology Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Vargas
- CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD) del Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - José María Balibrea
- Endocrinology Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Peinado-Onsurbe
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Biology Faculty, Barcelona University, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pardina E, Baena-Fustegueras JA, Fort JM, Ferrer R, Rossell J, Esteve M, Peinado-Onsurbe J, Grasa M. Hepatic and visceral adipose tissue 11βHSD1 expressions are markers of body weight loss after bariatric surgery. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2015; 23:1856-63. [PMID: 26239572 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cortisolemia and 11βHSD1 in liver and adipose tissue are altered in obesity. However, their participation in the development of obesity remains unclear. This study analyzed these parameters in the transition from morbid to type 1 obesity after bariatric surgery. METHODS A group of 34 patients with morbid obesity and 22 nonobese subjects were recruited. Initial hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) basal activity and 11βHSD1 mRNA expression in liver, subcutaneous (SAT), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were evaluated. A year after bariatric surgery (weight loss of 48 kg), these parameters were reappraised in plasma, SAT, and liver. RESULTS Body weight loss was accompanied by a downshift in basal HPA activity and 11βHSD1 expression in SAT. In patients with morbid obesity, 11βHSD1 expression correlated positively with BMI in VAT and negatively in liver at 6 and 12 months after surgery. In SAT, a correlation was observed with body weight only when patients showed type 1 obesity. Insulin, glucose, and HOMA correlated positively with all the HPA indicators and 11βHSD1 expression in SAT. CONCLUSIONS Body weight loss after bariatric surgery is accompanied by a downshift in basal HPA activity. Hepatic and VAT 11βHSD1 expressions in morbid obesity are predictors of body weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pardina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - José Manuel Fort
- Endocrinology Surgery Unit, Institut De Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Ferrer
- Biochemistry Department, Institut De Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Rossell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Esteve
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Peinado-Onsurbe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Grasa
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ferrer R, Pardina E, Rossell J, Baena-Fustegueras JA, Lecube A, Balibrea JM, Caubet E, González O, Vilallonga R, Fort JM, Peinado-Onsurbe J. Decreased lipases and fatty acid and glycerol transporter could explain reduced fat in diabetic morbidly obese. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:2379-87. [PMID: 25132069 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The possible differences were investigated in 32 morbidly obese patients depending on whether they were "healthy" or had dyslipidemia and/or type 2 diabetes. METHODS Lipid metabolism and insulin resistance were analyzed in subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) before and during 6 and 12 months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. RESULTS Significant differences have been found in lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) activities in SAT from the different obese group versus normal weight (control) but not between them. The reduced lipase activities in VAT were 43 and 19% smaller (22 and 4% smaller, respectively, vs. control) than the "healthy" obese group for LPL and HSL, respectively, and were accompanied with a reduced expression of these lipases, as well as decreased expression of FAT/CD36, FABP4, and AQ7 in that tissue. In addition, the expression of the other genes measured showed a downregulation not only versus the "healthy" obese but also versus the normal weight group. CONCLUSIONS Being obese is not "healthy," but it is even less so if morbidly obese patients with diabetes and dyslipidemia were considered. The reduced fat accumulation in these patients may be attributed to the decrease of the expression and activity of the lipases of their adipose tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roser Ferrer
- Biochemistry Department, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ferrer R, Pardina E, Rossell J, Baena-Fustegueras JA, Lecube A, Balibrea JM, Caubet E, González O, Vilallonga R, Fort JM, Peinado-Onsurbe J. Haematological parameters and serum trace elements in "healthy" and "unhealthy" morbidly obese patients before and after gastric bypass. Clin Nutr 2014; 34:276-83. [PMID: 24792189 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We have investigated the differences in plasma parameters and serum trace elements between "healthy" and unhealthy morbidly obese patients before and after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. METHODS A group of 32 morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery were divided into three groups. Group 1 subjects were free of dyslipidemia and type II diabetes mellitus (defined as "healthy" obese, DM-DL-); Group 2 subjects had only the presence of dyslipidemia (DM-DL+), while group 3 patients demonstrated the presence of both (DM + DL+). In all patients, we studied haematological, haemostasis, anaemia, coagulation plasma and trace elements parameters before and 1, 6 and 12 months after gastric bypass surgery. RESULTS We found significant differences in some haematological parameters, including haemostasis (e.g., T-Quick, p = 0.0048) and coagulation (e.g., ATIII and PAI-1, p = 0.001 and p < 0.0001, respectively) and in anaemia parameters (e.g., folate, cobalamin and transferrin, p = 0.0002, p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0001, respectively) but also in serum trace elements between the groups. However, the response to bariatric surgery was similar in the three groups. CONCLUSION Any healthy morbid obese subject is really metabolically "unhealthy" because he or she has many other haematologic or serum abnormalities that are often not included in the criteria for the definition of "healthy" in these obese subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roser Ferrer
- Biochemistry Department, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Pardina
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Biology Faculty, Barcelona University, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Rossell
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Biology Faculty, Barcelona University, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Albert Lecube
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department at Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital (UdL) and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit (VHIR, UAB) and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM) at the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - José María Balibrea
- Endocrinology Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Caubet
- Endocrinology Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar González
- Endocrinology Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Vilallonga
- Endocrinology Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Fort
- Endocrinology Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Peinado-Onsurbe
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Biology Faculty, Barcelona University, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Julve J, Pardina E, Pérez-Cuéllar M, Ferrer R, Rossell J, Baena-Fustegueras JA, Fort JM, Lecube A, Blanco-Vaca F, Sánchez-Quesada JL, Peinado-Onsurbe J. Bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients improves the atherogenic qualitative properties of the plasma lipoproteins. Atherosclerosis 2014; 234:200-5. [PMID: 24674904 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of weight loss induced in morbidly obese subjects by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass bariatric surgery on the atherogenic features of their plasma lipoproteins. METHODS Twenty-one morbidly obese subjects undergoing bariatric surgery were followed up for up to 1 year after surgery. Plasma and lipoproteins were assayed for chemical composition and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity. Lipoprotein size was assessed by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis, and oxidised LDL by ELISA. Liver samples were assayed for mRNA abundance of oxidative markers. RESULTS Lipid profile analysis revealed a reduction in the plasma concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides, which were mainly associated with a significant reduction in the plasma concentration of circulating apoB-containing lipoproteins rather than with changes in their relative chemical composition. All patients displayed a pattern A phenotype of LDL subfractions and a relative increase in the antiatherogenic plasma HDL-2 subfraction (>2-fold; P < 0.001). The switch towards predominantly larger HDL particles was due to an increase in their relative cholesteryl ester content. Excess weight loss also led to a significant decrease in the plasma concentration of oxidised LDL (∼-25%; P < 0.01) and in the total Lp-PLA2 activity. Interestingly, the decrease in plasma Lp-PLA2 was mainly attributed to a decrease in the apoB-containing lipoprotein-bound Lp-PLA2. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that the weight loss induced by bariatric surgery ameliorates the atherogenicity of plasma lipoproteins by reducing the apoB-containing Lp-PLA2 activity and oxidised LDL, as well as increasing the HDL-2 subfraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josep Julve
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Pardina
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Pérez-Cuéllar
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Ferrer
- Departament de Bioquímica i Unitat de Cirurgia, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Rossell
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - José Manuel Fort
- Departament de Bioquímica i Unitat de Cirurgia, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Lecube
- Departament d'Endocrinologia i Nutrició, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Unitat de Recerca en Diabetes i Metabolisme, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Blanco-Vaca
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Sánchez-Quesada
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Peinado-Onsurbe
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Guix P, Picornell A, Parera M, Tomás C, Muncunill J, Castro JA, Rossell J, Vaquer P, Ramon MM, Obrador A. Prevalence of the C282Y mutation for haemochromatosis on the Island of Majorca. Clin Genet 2000; 58:123-8. [PMID: 11005145 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.2000.580206.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The C282Y mutation of the HFE gene has been reported to be present in most of the patients with hereditary haemochromatosis (HH) of Northern European ancestry. HH affects approximately 1/300 individuals, but it is not evenly distributed in the different European countries. In the present study, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction-enzyme digestion were used to analyse the frequency of the most important mutation in haemochromatosis (C282Y) in subjects from Majorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) and patients with haemochromatosis. The results were compared with other studies from Spain and Europe. A total of 420 Majorcan chromosomes were analysed and the C282Y mutation was observed at a frequency of 2.62%+/-0.8 (11 heterozygotes: eight men and three women). In the group of hereditary haemochromatosis probands, 13 out of 14 were homozygous for the C282Y mutation. In the distribution of the C282Y mutation, a north-west to south-east cline was detected, supporting the Celtic origin of this mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Guix
- Servicios de Análisis Clínicos, Digestivo y Genética, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Milà M, Kruyer H, Glover G, Sánchez A, Carbonell P, Castellví-Bell S, Volpini V, Rossell J, Gabarrón J, López I. Molecular analysis of the (CGG)n expansion in the FMR-1 gene in 59 Spanish fragile X syndrome families. Hum Genet 1994; 94:395-400. [PMID: 7927336 DOI: 10.1007/bf00201600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The fragile X mental retardation syndrome is caused by an expansion of a trinucleotide repeat (CGG)n in the FMR-1 gene. Molecular genetic study of fragile X provides accurate diagnosis and facilitates genetic counseling in families with affected members. We present here the molecular study of 59 Spanish fragile X syndrome families using probe StB 12.3 and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the (CGG)n repeat sequence of the FMR-1 gene. The results obtained have allowed us to characterize 455 individuals, including eight prenatal diagnoses. The clinical diagnosis of fragile X in 89 affected males was confirmed, 137 female carriers were identified (48 of whom were mentally retarded), 176 individuals "at risk" were found not to have the expansion, and 12 cases of normal transmitting males (NTM) were detected. In the sample studied, no de novo mutations were detected, nor any mutation different from that described for the (CGG)n expansion. One nonmentally retarded male was detected as having an unmethylated CpG island for the FMR-1 gene, but with more than 200 CGG repeats (high functioning male). The analysis of the (CGG)n repeat in 208 normal chromosomes gave an allele distribution similar to that in other Caucasoid population groups, with alleles of 29 and 30 CGG repeats accounting for 46% of the chromosomes. The combination of Southern analysis and PCR of the (CGG)n repeat is highly efficient for diagnosis, compared with cytogenetic techniques, especially in the detection of female carriers, NTMs, and prenatal diagnosis, enabling accurate genetic counseling to be provided in all cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Milà
- Servei de Genética, Hospital Clinic, Catalunya, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Torres-Rodríguez JM, Dronda MA, Rossell J, Madrenys N. Incidence of dermatophytoses in rabbit farms in Catalonia, Spain, and its repercussion on human health. Eur J Epidemiol 1992; 8:326-9. [PMID: 1397196 DOI: 10.1007/bf00158563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades there has been an important increase in the incidence of dermatophytoses in humans as a result of contact with animals, although etiological agents can vary as can the animals transmitting the disease. A large-scale study was carried out in 220 farms raising rabbits for consumption. Most of the farms (85%) were located in the autonomous community of Catalonia (Spain). Mycological studies showed that 79.5% of the rabbits were infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. granulosum. Microsporum canis was isolated in only two animals, which had been imported from France. Healthy animal carriers were detected in 3.2% of the apparently non-infected farms. T. mentagrophytes were also found in samples taken from rabbits' nests and from the surrounding environment of the two infected farms. In a survey carried out among the staff responsible for the care of the animals, 77% of those working on infected farms suffered or had suffered dermatophytic lesions. This was confirmed in 8 out of 10 cases sampled. Attention is drawn to the high incidence of dermatophytoses in rabbits on farms and the importance of T. mentagrophytes as the etiological agent of tinea in people in close contact with infected animals.
Collapse
|