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Soós R, Bakó C, Gyebrovszki Á, Gordos M, Csala D, Ádám Z, Wilhelm M. Nutritional Habits of Hungarian Older Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:1203. [PMID: 38674893 PMCID: PMC11053580 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There are many nutritional changes that come with aging, mostly as consequences of health regression. Malnutrition and overweight often start with inadequate food consumption, followed by alterations in biochemical indices and body composition. In our study, we aimed to analyze the feeding habits and energy and nutrient intake of a Hungarian elderly population, focusing on macronutrient, water, fruit, and vegetable consumption while searching for possible nutritional factors leading to NCD and many other chronic diseases in this population. Two questionnaires were used. These were the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and one asking about nutritional habits, and a 3-day feeding diary was also filled. Subjects (n = 179, 111; females (F), 68 males (M), older than 50 years were recruited. Based on MNA results, 78 adults (43.57% of the studied population) were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition, although, according to BMI categories, 69% were overweight and 7.3% were obese among M, while 42.3% were overweight among F. The average daily meal number was diverse. The amount of people consuming fruit (11.7%) and vegetables (8.93%) several times a day was extremely low (15.3% of F and 4.4% of M). Daily fruit consumption in the whole sample was 79.3%. Overall, 36.3% consumed 1 L of liquid and 0.5 L of consumption was found in 15.1% of participants. A significant gender difference was found in water consumption, with F drinking more than M (p ≤ 0.01). In our sample, 27.93% of the respondents took dietary supplements. Further analysis and research are needed to explore the specific health implications of and reasons behind these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Soós
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Csilla Bakó
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Ádám Gyebrovszki
- Doctoral School of Biology and Sportbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Mónika Gordos
- Doctoral School of Biology and Sportbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Dávid Csala
- Doctoral School of Biology and Sportbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Zoltán Ádám
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
- Wnt-Signaling Research Group, Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Márta Wilhelm
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
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Wang RS, Huang YN, Wahlqvist ML, Wan TTH, Tung TH, Wang BL. The combination of physical activity with fruit and vegetable intake associated with life satisfaction among middle-aged and older adults: a 16-year population-based cohort study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:41. [PMID: 38195433 PMCID: PMC10777488 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04563-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Life satisfaction (LS) is part of a positive psychological feeling that protects individuals from a physical decline in old age. A healthy lifestyle, including physical activity (PA) and a healthy diet, such as the intake of fruits and vegetables (F&V), can lead to a better experience of LS in older adults. However, the association between PA and F&V intake habits when occurring together in older adults is still unclear for LS. The study aimed to investigate the combined association of PA and F&V intake on LS among a cohort of older Taiwanese adults. METHODS Five waves of population-based data gathered by the Taiwan Longitudinal Survey on Aging between 1999 and 2015 were analyzed. The year 1999 was set as the baseline, and the number of respondents was 4,440. The independent variables included the frequency, duration, and intensity of PA and the frequency of F&V intake. LS was assessed by using the Life Satisfaction Index. We performed generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis with adjustment for covariates of health behaviors and health indicators. RESULTS After adjusting for confounders, model 1 showed that moderate and high-PA levels significantly correlated with LS (odds ratio [OR] = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.12-1.79) and OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.50-2.02). Moreover, high-F&V intake significantly correlated with LS (OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.69-2.53). Regarding the combined association shown in model 2, compared with both the low PA and F&V intake group, there were significantly higher LS in the both-high-group (OR = 4.69, 95% CI = 3.49-6.31), only-high-F&V intake (OR = 2.87, 95% CI = 2.14-3.85), only-high-PA (OR = 2.48, 95% CI = 1.74-3.52). CONCLUSIONS Our findings show the significant combined association of PA and F&V intake on LS among older adults. In addition, older adults who engaged in higher frequency, duration, and intensity of daily PA combined more than seven times a week of F&V intake had significantly higher LS than those who only engaged in low PA or only intake less F&V. Adopting multiple healthy behaviors in daily life is a safe and effective approach to promote LS among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Szewei Wang
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu-Ni Huang
- College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan
| | | | - Thomas T H Wan
- School of Global Health Management and Informatics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Tao-Hsin Tung
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing-Long Wang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang, China.
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Joseph DK, Mat Ludin AF, Ibrahim FW, Ahmadazam A, Che Roos NA, Shahar S, Rajab NF. Effects of aerobic exercise and dietary flavonoids on cognition: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1216948. [PMID: 37664425 PMCID: PMC10468597 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1216948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Studies have shown that exercise increases angiogenesis and perfusion in the hippocampus, activates neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and increases synaptic plasticity, as well as increases the complexity and number of dendritic spines, all of which promote memory function and protect against cognitive decline. Flavonoids are gaining attention as antioxidants in health promotion due to their rich phenolic content, particularly for their modulating role in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Despite this, there has been no comprehensive review of cognitive improvement supplemented with flavonoid and prescribed with exercise or a combination of the two interventions has been conducted. The purpose of this review is to determine whether a combined intervention produces better results when given together than when given separately. Methods: Relevant articles assessing the effect of physical exercise, flavonoid or in combination on cognitive related biomarkers and neurobehavioral assessments within the timeline of January 2011 until June 2023 were searched using three databases; PubMed, PROQUEST and SCOPUS. Results: A total of 705 articles were retrieved and screened, resulting in 108 studies which are in line with the objective of the current study were included in the analysis. Discussion: The selected studies have shown significant desired effect on the chosen biomarkers and neurobehavioral assessments. Systematic Review Registration: identifier: [CRD42021271001].
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Affiliation(s)
- Daren Kumar Joseph
- Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin
- Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Farah Wahida Ibrahim
- Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amalina Ahmadazam
- Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Aishah Che Roos
- Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Shahar
- Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Fadilah Rajab
- Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Zhou YF, Song XY, Pan A, Koh WP. Nutrition and Healthy Ageing in Asia: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3153. [PMID: 37513571 PMCID: PMC10383719 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition plays a key role in modulating the likelihood of healthy ageing. In the present study, we aimed to conduct a systematic review to assess the impact of nutrition on healthy ageing in Asia. METHODS The systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database (CRD42023408936) and conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched up to February 2023 without language restrictions. We included prospective cohort studies that evaluated the associations of intake of a single food or consumption of a single nutrient at midlife; adherence to various dietary patterns at midlife; and improved adherence to dietary patterns from mid- to late life with the likelihood of healthy ageing and its components. RESULTS Out of 16,373 records, we included 71 papers comprising 24 cohorts from Singapore, China, Japan, and Thailand. The healthy ageing components included cognitive function, physical function, and depression. The majority of studies supported the observation that the likelihood of healthy ageing and its components in late life was positively increased by a higher consumption of healthy foods, such as vegetables, fruits, fish, nuts, legumes, tea, milk, and dairy, at midlife, and also by greater adherence to dietary patterns with high diversity scores or high total antioxidant capacities. Furthermore, improved adherence to healthy dietary patterns from mid- to late life also increased the likelihood of healthy ageing in late life. CONCLUSION Consuming healthy foods and adhering to healthy dietary patterns at midlife can promote the likelihood of healthy ageing. Moreover, improving diet quality from mid- to late life can still be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Feng Zhou
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xing-Yue Song
- Department of Emergency, Hainan Clinical Research Center for Acute and Critical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430032, China
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138632, Singapore
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Risk factors for cognitive impairment in radically treated stage III NSCLC: Secondary findings of the NVALT-11 study. Radiother Oncol 2023; 183:109627. [PMID: 36934893 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM To identify risk factors for self-reported cognitive impairment in radically treated stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Cognitive functioning was assessed using the EORTC-QLQ-C30 at seven pre-specified time points in the phase III NVALT-11 trial (observation versus prophylactic cranial irradiation [PCI] in stage III NSCLC treated with chemo-radiotherapy±surgery). Cognition was analyzed as binary (impairment or not) and continuous outcome, respectively, using generalized estimating equation (GEE) before and after multiple imputation. A score <75 was defined as cognitive impairment. A mean difference by <10, 10-<20, ≥ 20 points was regarded as no, moderate, and large clinical effect, respectively. We categorized the cognitive impairment into four types based on changes over time: sustained, reversible, recurring, and alternating. RESULTS In the no-PCI arm, 43/84 [51.2%] reported cognitive impairment at least once, of which 31.4% were sustained, 25.7% reversible, 28.6% recurring, and 14.3% alternating. Results were similar in the PCI arm. Cognitive functioning at baseline was comparable in two arms and a score <75 was a significant risk factor with large effect for subsequent cognitive impairment (no-PCI: β = -22.30, p<0.001; PCI arm: β = -22.34, p<0.001; All: β = -23.47, p<0.001). Younger age (≤ 60y), squamous histology, and PCI were risk factors without clinical relevance (β > -10, p<0.05). Cognitive functioning declined over time (β = -0.26, p=0.001) except for patients with cognitive impairment at baseline (β=0.141, p=0.33). CONCLUSION Cognitive impairment is dynamic over time with four types. Baseline cognitive impairment (score <75) is the most important risk factor for subsequent cognitive impairment in stage III NSCLC. Note: This work has been partly reported as an oral presentation at the ESTRO 2021 meeting (OC-0176).
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