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Pinjala P, Tryphena KP, Kulkarni A, Goswami PG, Khatri DK. Dimethyl Fumarate Exerts a Neuroprotective Effect by Enhancing Mitophagy via the NRF2/BNIP3/PINK1 Axis in the MPP + Iodide-Induced Parkinson's Disease Mice Model. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2024; 8:329-344. [PMID: 38405353 PMCID: PMC10894611 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder linked to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Mitophagy, mitochondrial selective autophagy, is critical in maintaining mitochondrial and subsequently neuronal homeostasis. Its impairment is strongly implicated in PD and is associated with accelerated neurodegeneration. Objective To study the positive effect of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) on mitophagy via the NRF2/BNIP3/PINK1 axis activation in PD disease models. Methods The neuroprotective effect of DMF was explored in in vitro and in vivo PD models. MTT assay was performed to determine the DMF dose followed by JC-1 assay to study its mitoprotective effect in MPP+ exposed SHSY5Y cells. For the in vivo study, C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups: Normal Control (NC), Disease Control (DC), Sham (Saline i.c.v.), Low Dose (MPP+ iodide+DMF 15 mg/kg), Mid Dose (MPP+ iodide+DMF 30 mg/kg), and High Dose (MPP+ iodide+DMF 60 mg/kg). The neuroprotective effect of DMF was assessed by performing rotarod, open field test, and pole test, and biochemical parameter analysis using immunofluorescence, western blot, and RT-PCR. Results DMF treatment significantly alleviated the loss of TH positive dopaminergic neurons and enhanced mitophagy by increasing PINK1, Parkin, BNIP3, and LC3 levels in the MPP+ iodide-induced PD mice model. DMF treatment groups showed good locomotor activity and rearing time when compared to the DC group. Conclusions DMF confers neuroprotection by activating the BNIP3/PINK1/Parkin pathway, enhancing the autophagosome formation via LC3, and improving mitophagy in PD models, and could be a potential therapeutic option in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojitha Pinjala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Amrita Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Prince Giri Goswami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deemed-to-be-University, Mumbai, India
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Rajan S, Sood A, Jain R, Kamatham PT, Khatri DK. Fingolimod exerts neuroprotection by regulating S1PR1 mediated BNIP3-PINK1-Parkin dependent mitophagy in rotenone induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 2024; 820:137596. [PMID: 38101611 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The motor impairments brought on by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra are the most well-known symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is believed that dopaminergic neurons are especially vulnerable to mitochondrial malfunction. For the maintenance of mitochondrial integrity, selective autophagic removal of dysfunctional mitochondria via mitophagy primarily regulated by PINK1/Parkin pathway is essential. Moreover, newer studies also implicate the role of phospholipid metabolism, such as that of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) as a contributor to PD. S1P receptors have been reported to influence mitochondrial function in neurodegenerative diseases. Fingolimod (FTY720), an S1P receptor-1 modulator has been proven effective in PD but its regulation of mitophagy in PD is still elusive. In this study, the neuroprotective effect of FTY720 by modulating mitophagy, has been explored against rotenone (ROT) induced neurotoxicity in in-vivo. The animals were randomly divided into 5 groups namely, Normal Control (NC); Disease control (DC): ROT (1.5 mg/kg); Low dose (LD): ROT + FTY720 (0.5 mg/kg); High dose (HD): ROT + FTY720 (1 mg/kg) and Vehicle control (VC): 1 % DMSO. ROT was administered through i.p. and FTY720 through p.o. for 21 days. At the end of the study, various neurobehavioral studies (rotarod test and actimeter), western blot techniques, and immunofluorescence studies were performed. FTY720 restored the neurobehavioural functions and protein expression of PINK1, Parkin and BNIP3 in ROT-induced PD mice. The results obtained in our study suggest that FTY720 has a neuroprotective effect in ROT-induced mice model of PD via PINK1-Parkin mediated mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Rajan
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Anika Sood
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Rachit Jain
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Pushpa Tryphena Kamatham
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
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Serrano-Martínez I, Pedreño M, Castillo-González J, Ferraz-de-Paula V, Vargas-Rodríguez P, Forte-Lago I, Caro M, Campos-Salinas J, Villadiego J, Peñalver P, Morales JC, Delgado M, González-Rey E. Cortistatin as a Novel Multimodal Therapy for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:694. [PMID: 38255772 PMCID: PMC10815070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex disorder characterized by the impairment of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system. PD has duplicated its global burden in the last few years, becoming the leading neurological disability worldwide. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop innovative approaches that target multifactorial underlying causes to potentially prevent or limit disease progression. Accumulating evidence suggests that neuroinflammatory responses may play a pivotal role in the neurodegenerative processes that occur during the development of PD. Cortistatin is a neuropeptide that has shown potent anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects in preclinical models of autoimmune and neuroinflammatory disorders. The goal of this study was to explore the therapeutic potential of cortistatin in a well-established preclinical mouse model of PD induced by acute exposure to the neurotoxin 1-methil-4-phenyl1-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). We observed that treatment with cortistatin mitigated the MPTP-induced loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and their connections to the striatum. Consequently, cortistatin administration improved the locomotor activity of animals intoxicated with MPTP. In addition, cortistatin diminished the presence and activation of glial cells in the affected brain regions of MPTP-treated mice, reduced the production of immune mediators, and promoted the expression of neurotrophic factors in the striatum. In an in vitro model of PD, treatment with cortistatin also demonstrated a reduction in the cell death of dopaminergic neurons that were exposed to the neurotoxin. Taken together, these findings suggest that cortistatin could emerge as a promising new therapeutic agent that combines anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties to regulate the progression of PD at multiple levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Serrano-Martínez
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-M.); (M.P.); (J.C.-G.); (V.F.-d.-P.); (P.V.-R.); (I.F.-L.); (M.C.); (J.C.-S.); (M.D.)
| | - Marta Pedreño
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-M.); (M.P.); (J.C.-G.); (V.F.-d.-P.); (P.V.-R.); (I.F.-L.); (M.C.); (J.C.-S.); (M.D.)
| | - Julia Castillo-González
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-M.); (M.P.); (J.C.-G.); (V.F.-d.-P.); (P.V.-R.); (I.F.-L.); (M.C.); (J.C.-S.); (M.D.)
| | - Viviane Ferraz-de-Paula
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-M.); (M.P.); (J.C.-G.); (V.F.-d.-P.); (P.V.-R.); (I.F.-L.); (M.C.); (J.C.-S.); (M.D.)
| | - Pablo Vargas-Rodríguez
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-M.); (M.P.); (J.C.-G.); (V.F.-d.-P.); (P.V.-R.); (I.F.-L.); (M.C.); (J.C.-S.); (M.D.)
| | - Irene Forte-Lago
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-M.); (M.P.); (J.C.-G.); (V.F.-d.-P.); (P.V.-R.); (I.F.-L.); (M.C.); (J.C.-S.); (M.D.)
| | - Marta Caro
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-M.); (M.P.); (J.C.-G.); (V.F.-d.-P.); (P.V.-R.); (I.F.-L.); (M.C.); (J.C.-S.); (M.D.)
| | - Jenny Campos-Salinas
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-M.); (M.P.); (J.C.-G.); (V.F.-d.-P.); (P.V.-R.); (I.F.-L.); (M.C.); (J.C.-S.); (M.D.)
| | - Javier Villadiego
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Peñalver
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.P.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Juan Carlos Morales
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.P.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Mario Delgado
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-M.); (M.P.); (J.C.-G.); (V.F.-d.-P.); (P.V.-R.); (I.F.-L.); (M.C.); (J.C.-S.); (M.D.)
| | - Elena González-Rey
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra (IPBLN), CSIC, PT Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-M.); (M.P.); (J.C.-G.); (V.F.-d.-P.); (P.V.-R.); (I.F.-L.); (M.C.); (J.C.-S.); (M.D.)
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Terada K, Sasaki M, Nagahama H, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Ukai R, Yokoyama T, Iizuka Y, Sakai T, Fukumura S, Tsugawa T, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Therapeutic efficacy of intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells in rat perinatal brain injury. Pediatr Res 2023; 94:1921-1928. [PMID: 37422495 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02717-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal brain injury is multifactorial and primarily associated with brain prematurity, inflammation, and hypoxia-ischemia. Although recent advances in perinatal medicine have improved the survival rates of preterm infants, neurodevelopmental disorders remain a significant complication. We tested whether the intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) had therapeutic efficacy against perinatal brain injury in rats. METHODS Pregnant rats at embryonic day (E) 18 received lipopolysaccharide and the pups were born at E21. On postnatal day (PND) 7, the left common carotid artery of each pup was ligated, and they were exposed to 8% oxygen for 2 h. They were randomized on PND10, and MSCs or vehicle were intravenously infused. We performed behavioral assessments, measured brain volume using MRI, and performed histological analyses on PND49. RESULTS Infused MSCs showed functional improvements in our model. In vivo MRI revealed that MSC infusion increased non-ischemic brain volume compared to the vehicle group. Histological analyses showed that cortical thickness, the number of NeuN+ and GAD67+ cells, and synaptophysin density in the non-ischemic hemisphere in the MSC group were greater than the vehicle group, but less than the control group. CONCLUSIONS Infused MSCs improve sensorimotor and cognitive functions in perinatal brain injury and enhance neuronal growth. IMPACT Intravenous infusion of MSCs improved neurological function in rats with perinatal brain injury, including motor, sensorimotor, cognitive, spatial, and learning memory. Infused MSCs increased residual (non-ischemic) tissue volume, number of neuronal cells, GABAergic cells, and cortical synapses in the contralesional (right) hemisphere. Intravenous administration of MSC might be suitable for the treatment of perinatal brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojiro Terada
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryo Ukai
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yokoyama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yusuke Iizuka
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takuro Sakai
- Department of Perinatal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinobu Fukumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsugawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Vaidya B, Gupta P, Laha JK, Roy I, Sharma SS. Amelioration of Parkinson's disease by pharmacological inhibition and knockdown of redox sensitive TRPC5 channels: Focus on mitochondrial health. Life Sci 2023:121871. [PMID: 37352915 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Transient receptor potential canonical 5 (TRPC5) channels are redox-sensitive cation-permeable channels involved in temperature and mechanical sensation. Increased expression and over-activation of these channels has been implicated in several central nervous system disorders such as epilepsy, depression, traumatic brain injury, anxiety, Huntington's disease and stroke. TRPC5 channel activation causes increased calcium influx which in turn activates numerous downstream signalling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders. Therefore, we hypothesized that pharmacological blockade and knockdown of TRPC5 channels could attenuate the behavioural deficits and molecular changes seen in CNS disease models such as MPTP/MPP+ induced Parkinson's disease (PD). MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, PD was induced after bilateral intranigral infusion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to the Sprague Dawley rats. Additionally, SH-SY5Y neurons were exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) to further determine the role of TRPC5 channels in PD. KEY FINDINGS We used clemizole hydrochloride, a potent TRPC5 channel blocker, to reverse the behavioural deficits, molecular changes and biochemical parameters in MPTP/MPP+-induced-PD. Furthermore, knockdown of TRPC5 expression using siRNA also closely phenocopies these effects. We further observed restoration of tyrosine hydroxylase levels and improved mitochondrial health following clemizole treatment and TRPC5 knockdown. These changes were accompanied by diminished calcium influx, reduced levels of reactive oxygen species and decreased apoptotic signalling in the PD models. SIGNIFICANCE These findings collectively suggest that increased expression of TRPC5 channels is a potential risk factor for PD and opens a new therapeutic window for the development of pharmacological agents targeting neurodegeneration and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupesh Vaidya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Pankaj Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Joydev K Laha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Shyam Sunder Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India.
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Khan E, Hasan I, Haque ME. Parkinson's Disease: Exploring Different Animal Model Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109088. [PMID: 37240432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Disease modeling in non-human subjects is an essential part of any clinical research. To gain proper understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of any disease, experimental models are required to replicate the disease process. Due to the huge diversity in pathophysiology and prognosis in different diseases, animal modeling is customized and specific accordingly. As in other neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder coupled with varying forms of physical and mental disabilities. The pathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease are associated with the accumulation of misfolded protein called α-synuclein as Lewy body, and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) area affecting the patient's motor activity. Extensive research has already been conducted regarding animal modeling of Parkinson's diseases. These include animal systems with induction of Parkinson's, either pharmacologically or via genetic manipulation. In this review, we will be summarizing and discussing some of the commonly employed Parkinson's disease animal model systems and their applications and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engila Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ikramul Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - M Emdadul Haque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Pinjala P, Tryphena KP, Prasad R, Khatri DK, Sun W, Singh SB, Gugulothu D, Srivastava S, Vora L. CRISPR/Cas9 assisted stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease. Biomater Res 2023; 27:46. [PMID: 37194005 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00381-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery in 2012, CRISPR Cas9 has been tried as a direct treatment approach to correct the causative gene mutation and establish animal models in neurodegenerative disorders. Since no strategy developed until now could completely cure Parkinson's disease (PD), neuroscientists aspire to use gene editing technology, especially CRISPR/Cas9, to induce a permanent correction in genetic PD patients expressing mutated genes. Over the years, our understanding of stem cell biology has improved. Scientists have developed personalized cell therapy using CRISPR/Cas9 to edit embryonic and patient-derived stem cells ex-vivo. This review details the importance of CRISPR/Cas9-based stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease in developing PD disease models and developing therapeutic strategies after elucidating the possible pathophysiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojitha Pinjala
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana-500037, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana-500037, Hyderabad, India
| | - Renuka Prasad
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Moonsuk Medical Research Building, 73 Inchon-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 12841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana-500037, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Woong Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Moonsuk Medical Research Building, 73 Inchon-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 12841, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana-500037, Hyderabad, India
| | - Dalapathi Gugulothu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana-500037, Hyderabad, India
| | - Lalitkumar Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Yildirim S, Oylumlu E, Ozkan A, Sinen O, Bulbul M, Goksu ET, Ertosun MG, Tanriover G. ZINC (Zn) AND ADIPOSE-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS (AD-MSCs) ON MPTP-INDUCED PARKINSON'S DISEASE MODEL: A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF BEHAVIORAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL RESULTS. Neurotoxicology 2023; 97:1-11. [PMID: 37146888 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and sustained neuroinflammation due to microglial activation. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) secrete neuroprotective factors to prevent neuronal damage. Furthermore, Zn regulates stem cell proliferation and differentiation and has immunomodulatory functions. Our in vivo study aimed to investigate whether Zn affects the activities of AD-MSCs in the MPTP-induced mouse model. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into six groups (n=6): Control, Zn, PD, PD+Zn, PD+(AD-MSC), PD+(AD-MSC)+Zn. MPTP toxin (20mg/kg) was dissolved in saline and intraperitoneally injected into experimental groups for two days with 12h intervals. On the 3rd day, AD-MSCs were given to the right lateral ventricle of the PD+(AD-MSC) and PD+(AD-MSC)+Zn groups by stereotaxic surgery. Then, ZnSO4H2O was administered intraperitoneally for 4 days at 2mg/kg. Seven days post MPTP injection, the motor activities of the mouse were evaluated. Then immunohistochemical analyzes were performed in SNpc. Our results showed that motor activity was lower in Group PD. AD-MSC and Zn administration have improved this impairment. MPTP caused a decrease in TH and BDNF expressions in dopaminergic neurons in Group PD. However, TH and BDNF expressions were more intense in the other groups. MCP-1, TGF-β, and IL-10 expressions increased in administered groups compared to the Group PD. The present study indicates that Zn's individual and combined administration with AD-MSCs reduces neuronal damage in the MPTP-induced mouse model. In addition, anti-inflammatory responses that emerge with Zn and AD-MSCs may have a neuroprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sendegul Yildirim
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ece Oylumlu
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ayse Ozkan
- Izmir Bakircay University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Osman Sinen
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Bulbul
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ethem Taner Goksu
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Gokhan Ertosun
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Gamze Tanriover
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Antalya, Turkey; Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Antalya, Turkey.
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9
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Leem YH, Park JS, Park JE, Kim DY, Kim HS. Suppression of neuroinflammation and α-synuclein oligomerization by rotarod walking exercise in subacute MPTP model of Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2023; 165:105519. [PMID: 36931345 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) belongs to an α-synucleinopathy and manifests motor dysfunction attributed to nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration. In clinical practice, the beneficial role of physical therapy such as motor skill learning training has been recognized in PD-linked motor defects. Nevertheless, the disease-modifying effects of motor skill learning training on PD-related pathology remain unclear. Here, we investigated the disease-modifying effects of rotarod walking exercise (RWE), a modality of motor skill learning training, in a subacute 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of PD. In motor function and dopaminergic degeneration, RWE improved MPTP-induced deficits. In addition, RWE enhanced the expression of neurotrophic factors BDNF/GDNF, PGC1-α, Nurr1, and p-AMPK, thereby recovering dopaminergic neuronal cell death. Moreover, RWE inhibited microglial activation and the expression of pro-inflammatory markers, such as p-IκBα, iNOS, IL-1β, TNF-α, and cathepsin D, while elevating anti-inflammatory IL-10 and TGF-β. RWE also decreased oxidative stress markers in the substantia nigra, such as 4-HNE and 8-OHdG-positive cells, while increasing Nrf2-controlled antioxidant enzymes. Regarding the effect of RWE on α-synuclein, it reduced the monomer/oligomer forms of α-synuclein and phosphorylation at serine 129. Further mechanistic studies revealed that RWE suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 and p-GSK3β (Y216), which play key roles in α-synuclein aggregation. These data collectively suggest that inhibition of neuroinflammation and α-synuclein oligomerization by RWE may contribute to the improvement of PD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea-Hyun Leem
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jin-Sun Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jung-Eun Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Do-Youn Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hee-Sun Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
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10
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Numakawa T, Kajihara R. Neurotrophins and Other Growth Factors in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030647. [PMID: 36983803 PMCID: PMC10051261 DOI: 10.3390/life13030647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of the changed expression/function of neurotrophic factors in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), has been suggested. AD is one of the age-related dementias, and is characterized by cognitive impairment with decreased memory function. Developing evidence demonstrates that decreased cell survival, synaptic dysfunction, and reduced neurogenesis are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. On the other hand, it is well known that neurotrophic factors, especially brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its high-affinity receptor TrkB, have multiple roles in the central nervous system (CNS), including neuronal maintenance, synaptic plasticity, and neurogenesis, which are closely linked to learning and memory function. Thus, many investigations regarding therapeutic approaches to AD, and/or the screening of novel drug candidates for its treatment, focus on upregulation of the BDNF/TrkB system. Furthermore, current studies also demonstrate that GDNF, IGF1, and bFGF, which play roles in neuroprotection, are associated with AD. In this review, we introduce data demonstrating close relationships between the pathogenesis of AD, neurotrophic factors, and drug candidates, including natural compounds that upregulate the BDNF-mediated neurotrophic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Numakawa
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Ryutaro Kajihara
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Life Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
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11
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Wang Y, Pu Z, Zhang Y, Du Z, Guo Z, Bai Q. Exercise training has a protective effect in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mice model with improved neural and intestinal pathology and modified intestinal flora. Behav Brain Res 2023; 439:114240. [PMID: 36455673 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with the exact etiology still unclear, but gut microbial disorders are thought to be related to the initiation and progression of it. Exercise training has a significant effect on the intestinal flora, so to investigate the promotion effect of exercise training on Parkinson's disease, we performed a rotarod walking training (5 times a week at 25 rpm for 20 min for 8 weeks) on a chronic mouse model of Parkinson's disease induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and observed the locomotor function of mice, function of dopaminergic neurons, intestinal mucosal barrier condition, intestinal inflammation and the structure and composition of intestinal flora. The results showed in these PD mice, exercise training improved their motility, increased the dopamine (DA) content in the striatum, along with promoted the gene expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the striatum, which suggests this exercise training might protect striatal dopaminergic neurons from MPTP damage; the results also showed exercise training promoted recovery from ileal pathology, reduced the gene expression of intestinal inflammatory factors, and significantly altered the composition and structure of the intestinal flora in these mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Wang
- Chongqing Technology and Business University, No. 19 Xue Fu Road, Nanan District, Chongqing 401334, PR China.
| | - Zhengjia Pu
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, No. 61 Daxuecheng Middle Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing 401334, PR China.
| | - Yiran Zhang
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, No. 61 Daxuecheng Middle Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing 401334, PR China.
| | - Zhaohui Du
- Chongqing Technology and Business University, No. 19 Xue Fu Road, Nanan District, Chongqing 401334, PR China.
| | - Zeming Guo
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, No. 61 Daxuecheng Middle Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing 401334, PR China.
| | - Qunhua Bai
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, No. 61 Daxuecheng Middle Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing 401334, PR China.
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12
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Zhen K, Zhang S, Tao X, Li G, Lv Y, Yu L. A systematic review and meta-analysis on effects of aerobic exercise in people with Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:146. [PMID: 36316416 PMCID: PMC9622812 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00418-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that aerobic exercise is an effective way to improve symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study [PROSPERO CRD42022340730] was to explore the effects of aerobic exercises on balance, gait, motor function, and quality of life in PD patients. Searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO electronic databases. The Cochrane risk assessment tool was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included literature. From 1287 search records initially identified, 20 studies were considered eligible for systematic review and meta-analysis. There was a significant effect of aerobic exercise on improving timed up and go test [standardized mean difference (SMD), -0.41 (95% CI, -0.61 to -0.22), p < 0.00001], Berg Balance Scale [0.99 (95% CI, 0.76 to 1.23), p < 0.00001], stride/step length [0.32 (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.61), p = 0.03], gait velocity [0.49 (95% CI, 0.20 to 0.78), p = 0.0009], Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part-III [-0.40 (95% CI, -0.55 to -0.24), p < 0.00001], and 6-minute walking test [0.35 (95% CI, 0.13 to 0.56), p = 0.002] in people with PD, but not in step cadence [-0.08 (95% CI, -0.43 to 0.27), p = 0.65] and Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39 [-0.113 (95% CI, -0.39 to 0.13), p = 0.32]. Aerobic exercise had beneficial effects in improving balance, gait (velocity and stride/step length), and motor function in PD patients. However, aerobic exercise had no significant associations with the step cadence and quality of life in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhen
- grid.411614.70000 0001 2223 5394Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China ,grid.411614.70000 0001 2223 5394Department of Sports Performance, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyan Zhang
- grid.411614.70000 0001 2223 5394Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China ,grid.411614.70000 0001 2223 5394Department of Sports Performance, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xifeng Tao
- grid.411614.70000 0001 2223 5394Department of Sports Performance, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Gen Li
- grid.411614.70000 0001 2223 5394Department of Sports Performance, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lv
- grid.411614.70000 0001 2223 5394Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China ,grid.411614.70000 0001 2223 5394China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Laikang Yu
- grid.411614.70000 0001 2223 5394Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China ,grid.411614.70000 0001 2223 5394Department of Sports Performance, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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13
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Gordon J, Lockard G, Monsour M, Alayli A, Choudhary H, Borlongan CV. Sequestration of Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease via Stem Cell Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710138. [PMID: 36077534 PMCID: PMC9456021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Insidious and progressive, this disorder is secondary to the gradual loss of dopaminergic signaling and worsening neuroinflammation, affecting patients’ motor capabilities. Gold standard treatment includes exogenous dopamine therapy in the form of levodopa–carbidopa, or surgical intervention with a deep brain stimulator to the subcortical basal ganglia. Unfortunately, these therapies may ironically exacerbate the already pro-inflammatory environment. An alternative approach may involve cell-based therapies. Cell-based therapies, whether endogenous or exogenous, often have anti-inflammatory properties. Alternative strategies, such as exercise and diet modifications, also appear to play a significant role in facilitating endogenous and exogenous stem cells to induce an anti-inflammatory response, and thus are of unique interest to neuroinflammatory conditions including Parkinson’s disease. Treating patients with current gold standard therapeutics and adding adjuvant stem cell therapy, alongside the aforementioned lifestyle modifications, may ideally sequester inflammation and thus halt neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah Gordon
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Gavin Lockard
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Molly Monsour
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Adam Alayli
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Hassan Choudhary
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Cesario V. Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Correspondence:
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