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Saka A, Jule LT, Badassa B, Gudata L, Nagaprasad N, Shanmugam R, Dwarampudi LP, Seenivasan V, Ramaswamy K. Biosynthesis of TiO 2 nano particles by using Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) leaf extracts and its application for crystal dye degradation under sunlight. BMC Chem 2024; 18:123. [PMID: 38951843 PMCID: PMC11218237 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01229-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were prepared through Rosmarinus-officinalis leaf extracts at 90 and 200°C. In this research, the degradations of methylene blues by using TiO2 nanoparticles Sun light radiations were studied. The synthesized materials were characterized using XRDs, UV-Vis, PL, SEM, TEM, EDS and XPS. The results displayed that bio-synthesis temperatures intrude the shapes and sizes of TiO2 nanoparticles. For TiO2-90, micrographs show separable crystalline with irregular morphologies and agglomerate cubic particles. For the other TiO2-200 sample, SEM and TEM micro-imaging shows crumbly agglomerated cubic structures. The XRD shows that the intense peaks observed at angles of 25.37°, 37.19°, 47.81° and 53.89° confirming a highly crystalline oriented as (004), (200), and (105) planes respectively. The optical properties of TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized were conveyed by PL and UV-Vis. The energy band gap calculated was 3.0 eV for both samples; that indicates heating temperature didn't influence the band gap of the samples. The elemental composition Ti and O2 is shown by EDS and XPS. Photo-catalytic experiments discovered that TiO2-90 nanoparticles were well-organized in photo-degradations of MB, likened to TiO2-200. The great activities of TiO2-90 were because of better physicochemical characteristics associated with TiO2-200 effectively degrading MB under photo-light. Photo-degradations of dye under sunlight as plentifully obtainable energy sources by TiO2, synthesized by simpler techniques, can be hopeful to grow an eco-friendly and economical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Saka
- Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia
| | - Leta Tesfaye Jule
- Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia
- Centre for Excellence-Indigenous Knowledge, Innovative Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia
- Ministry of innovation and technology, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia
| | - Bayissa Badassa
- Ministry of innovation and technology, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia
| | - Lamessa Gudata
- Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia
| | - N Nagaprasad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, ULTRA College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai, 625 104, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, TIFAC, CORE-HD, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - L Priyanka Dwarampudi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkatesh Seenivasan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Eshwar College of Engineering, Coimbatore, India
| | - Krishnaraj Ramaswamy
- Centre for Excellence-Indigenous Knowledge, Innovative Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia.
- Ministry of innovation and technology, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia.
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Growth, yield, and yield variables of onion (Allium Cepa L.) varieties as influenced by plantspacing at DambiDollo, Western Ethiopia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20563. [PMID: 36446874 PMCID: PMC9709096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24993-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Onion (Allium cepa L.) is an important bulb plant grown worldwide. Proper use of the agronomic practice has undoubtedly contributed to growing crop yields. The right level of any farming practice, like the distance between plants, plant density, date of planting, and time of harvest, can produce the wanted outcomes. Therefore, this research was piloted to evaluate the influence of plant spacing on the development of bulb harvest-related traits of onion varieties in Dambi Dollo University, Western Ethiopia, in 2021. Three onion varieties (Adama red, Monarch, Nafis) and four intra-row spaces (6 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm, and 12 cm) in factorial combinations were settled by a complete randomized block design which was simulated three times. The findings of the study indicate that all the factors related to crop growth and bulb yield of onion varieties were mainly influenced by different kinds and plant spacing. Conversely, the collaboration of these two factors did not affect all other factors, but the interaction of the two factors had a great effect on the days to maturity measured in this study. The highest plant height was registered on the onion planted at a distance of 10 cm (59.83 cm) and 12 cm (59.08 cm) distance between plants. The high commercial yields (34.44 t ha-1) and entire bulb yield (35.40 t ha-1) were found in the Nafis variety. The highest marketable yields (31.12 ha-1) and entire marketable yield (31.78 ha-1) were recorded on an onion plant planted 10 cm between plants. Therefore, in the research area, farmers can use a variety of Nafis and a 10 cm distance between plants to increase their onion production.
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