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Abel S, Jule LT, Gudata L, Nagaraj N, Shanmugam R, Dwarampudi LP, Stalin B, Ramaswamy K. Preparation and characterization analysis of biofuel derived through seed extracts of Ricinus communis (castor oil plant). Sci Rep 2022; 12:11021. [PMID: 35773362 PMCID: PMC9246933 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study assesses the prospect of using R. Communis seed oil as a substitute fuel for diesel engines. Biodiesel is prepared from the R. Communis plant seed oil by a single-step base catalytic transesterification procedure. The investigation deals with the Physico-chemical characteristics of R. Communis biodiesel and has been associated with the base diesel. It has been perceived that the characteristics of biodiesel are well-matched with the base diesel under the ASTM D6751 limits correspondingly. R. Communis biodiesel is blended in different proportions with base diesel such as D10, D20, D30, D40, D50 and D100 and is tested in a Kirloskar TV1 single-cylinder, 4 blows DI engine under altered loading conditions. Outcomes demonstrate that BTE and BSFC for D10 as well as D20 are similar to base diesel. BSFC indicates that the precise BSFC of base diesel, D10, D20, D30, D40 and D50 was 0.87, 1.70, 2.60, 3.0, 3.4, and 3.5 kg/kW-hr, respectively. The extreme BTE at full load condition for base diesel, D10, D20, D30, D40, D50 and D100 are 28.2%, 28.1%, 27.9%, 25.5%, 24.1%, and 23.6% , respectively. In the case of engine emissions, R. Communis biodiesel blends provided an average decrease in hydrocarbon (HC), Carbon-monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) associated with base diesel. Nevertheless, R. Communis biodiesel blends discharged high stages of nitrogen oxide (NOx) compares to base diesel. Base diesel, D10, D20, D30, D40, D50, and D100 had UBHC emissions of 45 ppm, 40 ppm, 44 ppm, 46 ppm, 41 ppm, and 43 ppm, respectively. The reduction in CO emissions for D10, D20, D30, D40, D50 and D100 are 0.13%, 0.14%, 0.17%, 0.18% and 0.21% respectively. The dissimilarity in NOx attentiveness within brake powers for D10, D20, D30, D40, and D50 and base diesel are 50-ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 250 ppm, 350 ppm, and 500 ppm, respectively. The dissimilarity of CO2 emanation with reverence to break powers for the base-diesel, D10, D20, D30, D40, D50, and D100 are 4.8%, 4.9%, 4.8%, 4.56%, 4.9% and 5.1%, respectively. The present research provides a way for renewable petrol blends to substitute diesel for powering diesel engines in that way dropping the reliance on fossil fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saka Abel
- Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dolo, Ethiopia
| | - Leta Tesfaye Jule
- Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dolo, Ethiopia.,Centre for Excellence-Indigenous Knowledge, Innovative Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dolo, Ethiopia
| | - Lamessa Gudata
- Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dolo, Ethiopia
| | - Nagaprasad Nagaraj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, ULTRA College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 104, India
| | - R Shanmugam
- TIFAC, CORE-HD, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Nilgiris, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - L Priyanka Dwarampudi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Nilgiris, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Stalin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anna University, Regional Campus Madurai, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 019, India
| | - Krishnaraj Ramaswamy
- Centre for Excellence-Indigenous Knowledge, Innovative Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dolo, Ethiopia. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dolo, Ethiopia.
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Abel S, Tesfaye JL, Nagaprasad N, Shanmugam R, Dwarampudi LP, Deepak T, Zhang H, Krishnaraj R, Stalin B. Examining Impacts of Acidic Bath Temperature on Nano-Synthesized Lead Selenide Thin Films for the Application of Solar Cells. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:1003803. [PMID: 35069713 PMCID: PMC8767410 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1003803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of bath temperature on nano-manufactured PbSe (lead selenide) films was successfully generated by utilizing CBD on the acid solution's metal surface tool. Pb (NO3)2 was employed as a lead ion source as a precursor, while Na2O4Se was used as a selenide ion source. The XRD characterization revealed that the prepared samples are the property of crystalline structure (111), (101), (100), and (110) Miller indices. The scanning electron microscope indicated that the particles have a rock-like shape. There was a decrement of energy bandgap that is from 2.4 eV to 1.2 eV with increasing temperature 20°C-85°C. Thin films prepared at 85°C revealed the best polycrystal structure as well as homogeneously dispersed on the substrate at superior particle scales. The photoluminescence spectrophotometer witnessed that as the temperature of the solution bath increases from 20°C to 85°C, the average strength of PL emission of the film decreases. The maximum photoluminescence strength predominantly exists at high temperatures because of self-trapped exciton recombination, formed from O2 vacancy and particle size what we call defect centres, for the deposited thin films at 45°C and 85°C. Therefore, the finest solution temperature is 85°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saka Abel
- Dambi Dollo University, College of Natural and Computational Science, Department of Physics, Dembidolo, Ethiopia
| | - Jule Leta Tesfaye
- Dambi Dollo University, College of Natural and Computational Science, Department of Physics, Dembidolo, Ethiopia
- Centre for Excellence-Indigenous Knowledge, Innovative Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship, Dambi Dollo University, Dembidolo, Ethiopia
| | - N. Nagaprasad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, ULTRA College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai 625104, Tamilnadu, India
| | - R. Shanmugam
- TIFAC CORE HD, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, Tamilnadu, India
| | - L. Priyanka Dwarampudi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Tyagi Deepak
- Department of Management, Dambi Dollo University, Dembidolo, Ethiopia
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials and Green Paper Making, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ramaswamy Krishnaraj
- Centre for Excellence-Indigenous Knowledge, Innovative Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship, Dambi Dollo University, Dembidolo, Ethiopia
- Dambi Dollo University, College of Engineering and Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dembidolo, Ethiopia
| | - B. Stalin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anna University, Regional Campus Madurai, Madurai 625 019, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ramaswamy S, Dwarampudi LP, Kadiyala M, Kuppuswamy G, Veera Venkata Satyanarayana Reddy K, Kumar CKA, Paranjothy M. Formulation and characterization of chitosan encapsulated phytoconstituents of curcumin and rutin nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1807-1812. [PMID: 28668610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin and Rutin are natural polyphenolic molecules exhibits several pharmacological actives like antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant, chemo-preventive and anti-inflammatory properties. However till date, no studies have been reported on their combination efficacy, especially in treating multi-drug resistance of cancers because of their poor solubility and bioavailability. Hence in the present study, an attempt has been made to load both these drugs into a single nanoparticlulate system to enhance their bioavailability and efficacy. This novel formulation was prepared by solvent evaporation technique and was evaluated for particle size and shape using Zeta Sizer, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) Spectroscopy. The optimized formulation was further subjected to in vitro and in vivo evaluations. The prepared nanoparticles were in the size range of 25-100nm and the release profile was found to be Non -Fickian transport. In-vivo pharmacokinetic studies were carried in rabbits and the pharmacokinetic profile was studied. The results indicate that oral bioavailability of Curcumin and Rutin has been increased to 3.06 and 4.24 folds respectively when compared to their pure drugs. This data suggest that the present novel nanoparticles loaded with these combinational drugs may have better therapeutic potential in treating drug resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugam Ramaswamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Sree Vidyaniketan College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, India.
| | | | - Madhuri Kadiyala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Sree Vidyaniketan College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, India
| | - Gowthamarajan Kuppuswamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ootacamund, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysuru, India
| | | | | | - Murali Paranjothy
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
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Dhanabal SP, Priyanka Dwarampudi L, Muruganantham N, Vadivelan R. Evaluation of the antipsoriatic activity of Aloe vera leaf extract using a mouse tail model of psoriasis. Phytother Res 2011; 26:617-9. [PMID: 21915932 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Revised: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Aloe vera gel is used traditionally for the treatment of skin diseases, including psoriasis. An ethanolic extract of the gel was assessed for antipsoriatic activity using a mouse tail model of psoriasis. The extract produced a significant differentiation in the epidermis, as seen from its degree of orthokeratosis (85.07 ± 3.36%) when compared with the negative control (17.30 ± 4.09%). This was equivalent to the effect of the standard positive control, tazarotene (0.1%) gel, which showed a 90.03 ± 2.00% degree of orthokeratosis. The ethanolic extract of Aloe vera leaf gel also produced a significant increase in relative epidermal thickness when compared with the control group, whereas the standard tazarotene showed no change. Taken together, the extract showed an overall antipsoriatic activity of 81.95%, compared with 87.94 for tazarotene, in the mouse tail model for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Dhanabal
- Department of Phytopharmacy and Phytomedicine (TIFAC CORE HD), JSS College of Pharmacy, Rocklands, Ooty, India.
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