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Nemr MTM, Elshewy A, Ibrahim ML, El Kerdawy AM, Halim PA. Design, synthesis, antineoplastic activity of new pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives as dual CDK2/GSK3β kinase inhibitors; molecular docking study, and ADME prediction. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107566. [PMID: 38896936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
In the current study, novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives 5a-h were designed and synthesized as targeted anti-cancer agents through dual CDK2/GSK-3β inhibition. The designed compounds demonstrated moderate to potent activity on the evaluated cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and T-47D). Compounds 5c and 5 g showed the most promising cytotoxic activity against the tested cell lines surpassing that of the used reference standard; staurosporine. On the other hand, both compounds showed good safety and tolerability on normal fibroblast cell line (MCR5). The final compounds 5c and 5 g showed a promising dual CDK2/GSK-3β inhibitory activity with IC50 of 0.244 and 0.128 μM, respectively, against CDK2, and IC50 of 0.317 and 0.160 μM, respectively, against GSK-3β. Investigating the effect of compounds 5c and 5 g on CDK2 and GSK-3β downstream cascades showed that they reduced the relative cellular content of phosphorylated RB1 and β-catenin compared to that in the untreated MCF-7 cells. Moreover, compounds 5c and 5 g showed a reasonable selective inhibition against the target kinases CDK2/GSK-3β in comparison to a set of seven off-target kinases. Furthermore, the most potent compound 5 g caused cell cycle arrest at the S phase in MCF-7 cells preventing the cells' progression to G2/M phase inducing cell apoptosis. Molecular docking studies showed that the final pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives have analogous binding modes in the target kinases interacting with the hinge region key amino acids. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the predicted binding mode by molecular docking. Moreover, in silico predictions indicated their favorable physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties in addition to their promising cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T M Nemr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elshewy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala 43713, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed L Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El Kerdawy
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Science, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane, Lincoln, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Peter A Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
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Zhu Y, Zhao T, Wu Y, Xie S, Sun W, Wu J. ZNF862 induces cytostasis and apoptosis via the p21-RB1 and Bcl-xL-Caspase 3 signaling pathways in human gingival fibroblasts. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:599-610. [PMID: 38482719 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates the effects of ZNF862 on the proliferation and apoptosis of human gingival fibroblasts and their related mechanisms. BACKGROUND As a major transcription factor family, zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) regulate cell differentiation, growth, and apoptosis through their conserved zinc finger motifs, which allow high flexibility and specificity in gene regulation. In our previous study, ZNF862 mutation was associated with hereditary gingival fibromatosis. Nevertheless, little is known about the biological function of ZNF862. Therefore, this study was aimed to reveal intracellular localization of ZNF862, the influence of ZNF862 on the growth and apoptosis of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and its potential related mechanisms. METHODS Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, and western blotting were performed to determine the intracellular localization of ZNF862 in HGFs. HGFs were divided into three groups: ZNF862 overexpression group, ZNF862 interference group, and the empty vector control group. Then, the effects of ZNF862 on cell proliferation, migration, cell cycle, and apoptosis were evaluated. qRT-PCR and western blotting were performed to further explore the mechanism related to the proliferation and apoptosis of HGFs. RESULTS ZNF862 was found to be localized in the cytoplasm of HGFs. In vitro experiments revealed that ZNF862 overexpression inhibited HGFs proliferation and migration, induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1-phase and apoptosis. Whereas, ZNF862 knockdown promoted HGFs proliferation and migration, accelerated the transition from the G0/G1 phase into the S and G2/M phase and inhibited cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, the effects of ZNF862 on HGFs proliferation and apoptosis were noted to be dependent on inhibiting the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21)-retinoblastoma 1 (RB1) signaling pathway and enhancing the B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (Bcl-xL)-Caspase 3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our results for the first time reveal that ZNF862 is localized in the cytoplasm of HGFs. ZNF862 can inhibit the proliferation of HGFs by inhibiting the p21-RB1 signaling pathway, and it also promotes the apoptosis of HGFs by enhancing the Bcl-xL-Caspase 3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Zhu
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Zhao
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongkang Wu
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sijing Xie
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weibin Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Bae WY, Jung WH, Shin SL, Kim TR, Sohn M, Suk J, Jung I, Lee YI, Lee JH. Heat-treated Limosilactobacillus fermentum LM1020 with menthol, salicylic acid, and panthenol promotes hair growth and regulates hair scalp microbiome balance in androgenetic alopecia: A double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38807549 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common and chronic problem characterized by hair follicle miniaturization. AIMS In this study, heat-treated Limosilactobacillus fermentum LM1020 (HT-LM1020) was investigated in human follicle dermal papilla cell (HFDPC), scalp tissue, and clinical trials for patients with AGA. PATIENTS/METHODS Cell proliferation and the expression of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) were measured in HFDPC. The relative gene expression of 5α-reductase and growth factors were investigated in hair scalp. This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted over 24 weeks. Primary efficacy was evaluated by measuring hair density, and secondary efficacy was assessed by experts and self-assessment. Changes in the microbiota of the hair scalps were analyzed using 16S metagenome amplicon sequencing. RESULTS HT-LM1020 promoted cell growth (p < 0.001) and cyclin B1 expression, and it reduced 5α-reductase and induced fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7), FGF10, and epithelial growth factor7 (EGF7) (p < 0.001). In the clinical trial, the experimental group demonstrated an increase in hair density from 133.70 to 148.87 n/cm2 at Week 24 (p < 0.001), while also expressing satisfaction with their hair density, reduced hair loss, and hairline. At Week 24, the total ratio of lactic acid bacteria operational taxonomic unit (OTU) in the scalp increased from 6.65% to 26.19%. At the same period, placebo-controlled group decreased Staphylococcus caprae OTU from 77.95% to 14.57% while experimental group decreased from 65.80% to 41.02%. CONCLUSIONS These present results showed that HT-LM1020 was a co-effector of ingredients for anti-hair loss contributing to cell proliferation and the expression of CDKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Young Bae
- Microbiome R&D Center, Lactomason, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Hyun Jung
- Microbiome R&D Center, Lactomason, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Lim Shin
- Microbiome R&D Center, Lactomason, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Rahk Kim
- Microbiome R&D Center, Lactomason, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minn Sohn
- Microbiome R&D Center, Lactomason, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangmi Suk
- Global Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhee Jung
- Global Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young In Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Scar Laser and Plastic Surgery Center, Yonsei Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Scar Laser and Plastic Surgery Center, Yonsei Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Barati T, Mirzaei Z, Ebrahimi A, Shekari Khaniani M, Mansoori Derakhshan S. miR-449a: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Cancer and Other Diseases. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01322-9. [PMID: 38809350 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
In the regulation of gene expression, epigenetic factors like non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play an equal role in genetics. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs), which are members of the ncRNA family, in post-transcriptional gene regulation is well-documented and has important implications for both normal and abnormal biological processes, such as angiogenesis, proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to synthesize previous research on miR-449a by analyzing published results from various databases, as there have been a number of investigations on miR-449's potential involvement in the development of human disorders. Based on our findings, miR-449 is strongly dysregulated in a wide range of diseases, from various cancers to cardiovascular diseases, cognitive impairments, and respiratory diseases, and it may play a pivotal role in the development of these problems. In addition, miR-449a functions as a crucial regulator of the expression of several well-known genes, including E2F-3, BCL2, NOTCH1, and SOX4. This, in turn, modulates various pathways and processes related to cancer, including Notch, PI3K, and TGF-β, and contributes to the improvement of cancer drug sensitivity. Curiously, abnormalities in the expression of this miRNA may serve as diagnostic or prognostic indicators for distinguishing between healthy people and patients or to evaluate the survival rates for specific disorders. This article provides a synopsis of the current understanding of miR-449a's role in human disease development through its regulation of gene expression and the biological processes related to these genes and their linked processes. In addition, we have covered the topic of miR-449a's potential as a clinical feature (diagnosis and prognosis) indicator for a range of disorders, both neoplastic and non-neoplastic. In general, our goal was to gain a thorough comprehension of the numerous functions of miR-449a in different disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Barati
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ebrahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shekari Khaniani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sima Mansoori Derakhshan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Zhang W, Liu Y, Jang H, Nussinov R. CDK2 and CDK4: Cell Cycle Functions Evolve Distinct, Catalysis-Competent Conformations, Offering Drug Targets. JACS AU 2024; 4:1911-1927. [PMID: 38818077 PMCID: PMC11134382 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), particularly CDK4 and CDK2, are crucial for cell cycle progression from the Gap 1 (G1) to the Synthesis (S) phase by phosphorylating targets such as the Retinoblastoma Protein (Rb). CDK4, paired with cyclin-D, operates in the long G1 phase, while CDK2 with cyclin-E, manages the brief G1-to-S transition, enabling DNA replication. Aberrant CDK signaling leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation, which is a hallmark of cancer. Exactly how they accomplish their catalytic phosphorylation actions with distinct efficiencies poses the fundamental, albeit overlooked question. Here we combined available experimental data and modeling of the active complexes to establish their conformational functional landscapes to explain how the two cyclin/CDK complexes differentially populate their catalytically competent states for cell cycle progression. Our premise is that CDK catalytic efficiencies could be more important for cell cycle progression than the cyclin-CDK biochemical binding specificity and that efficiency is likely the prime determinant of cell cycle progression. We observe that CDK4 is more dynamic than CDK2 in the ATP binding site, the regulatory spine, and the interaction with its cyclin partner. The N-terminus of cyclin-D acts as an allosteric regulator of the activation loop and the ATP-binding site in CDK4. Integrated with a suite of experimental data, we suggest that the CDK4 complex is less capable of remaining in the active catalytically competent conformation, and may have a lower catalytic efficiency than CDK2, befitting their cell cycle time scales, and point to critical residues and motifs that drive their differences. Our mechanistic landscape may apply broadly to kinases, and we propose two drug design strategies: (i) allosteric Inhibition by conformational stabilization for targeting allosteric CDK4 regulation by cyclin-D, and (ii) dynamic entropy-optimized targeting which leverages the dynamic, entropic aspects of CDK4 to optimize drug binding efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wengang Zhang
- Cancer
Innovation Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Yonglan Liu
- Cancer
Innovation Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Hyunbum Jang
- Computational
Structural Biology Section, Frederick National
Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Computational
Structural Biology Section, Frederick National
Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- Department
of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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Nishimura FG, Sampaio BB, Komoto TT, da Silva WJ, da Costa MMG, Haddad GI, Peronni KC, Evangelista AF, Hossain M, Dimmock JR, Bandy B, Beleboni RO, Marins M, Fachin AL. Exploring CDKN1A Upregulation Mechanisms: Insights into Cell Cycle Arrest Induced by NC2603 Curcumin Analog in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4989. [PMID: 38732206 PMCID: PMC11084481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stands out as one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, necessitating a nuanced understanding of its molecular underpinnings for effective treatment. Hormone receptors in breast cancer cells substantially influence treatment strategies, dictating therapeutic approaches in clinical settings, serving as a guide for drug development, and aiming to enhance treatment specificity and efficacy. Natural compounds, such as curcumin, offer a diverse array of chemical structures with promising therapeutic potential. Despite curcumin's benefits, challenges like poor solubility and rapid metabolism have spurred the exploration of analogs. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of the curcumin analog NC2603 to induce cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and explored its molecular mechanisms. Our findings reveal potent inhibition of cell viability (IC50 = 5.6 μM) and greater specificity than doxorubicin toward MCF-7 vs. non-cancer HaCaT cells. Transcriptome analysis identified 12,055 modulated genes, most notably upregulation of GADD45A and downregulation of ESR1, implicating CDKN1A-mediated regulation of proliferation and cell cycle genes. We hypothesize that the curcumin analog by inducing GADD45A expression and repressing ESR1, triggers the expression of CDKN1A, which in turn downregulates the expression of many important genes of proliferation and the cell cycle. These insights advance our understanding of curcumin analogs' therapeutic potential, highlighting not just their role in treatment, but also the molecular pathways involved in their activity toward breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Garcia Nishimura
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil; (F.G.N.); (B.B.S.); (T.T.K.); (W.J.d.S.); (M.M.G.d.C.); (G.I.H.); (R.O.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Beatriz Borsani Sampaio
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil; (F.G.N.); (B.B.S.); (T.T.K.); (W.J.d.S.); (M.M.G.d.C.); (G.I.H.); (R.O.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Tatiana Takahasi Komoto
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil; (F.G.N.); (B.B.S.); (T.T.K.); (W.J.d.S.); (M.M.G.d.C.); (G.I.H.); (R.O.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Wanessa Julia da Silva
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil; (F.G.N.); (B.B.S.); (T.T.K.); (W.J.d.S.); (M.M.G.d.C.); (G.I.H.); (R.O.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Mariana Mezencio Gregório da Costa
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil; (F.G.N.); (B.B.S.); (T.T.K.); (W.J.d.S.); (M.M.G.d.C.); (G.I.H.); (R.O.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Gabriela Inforçatti Haddad
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil; (F.G.N.); (B.B.S.); (T.T.K.); (W.J.d.S.); (M.M.G.d.C.); (G.I.H.); (R.O.B.); (M.M.)
| | | | - Adriane Feijó Evangelista
- Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | - Mohammad Hossain
- School of Sciences, Indiana University Kokomo, Kokomo, IN 46904, USA;
| | - Jonathan R. Dimmock
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan (USask), Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A2, Canada; (J.R.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Brian Bandy
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan (USask), Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A2, Canada; (J.R.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Rene Oliveira Beleboni
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil; (F.G.N.); (B.B.S.); (T.T.K.); (W.J.d.S.); (M.M.G.d.C.); (G.I.H.); (R.O.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Mozart Marins
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil; (F.G.N.); (B.B.S.); (T.T.K.); (W.J.d.S.); (M.M.G.d.C.); (G.I.H.); (R.O.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Ana Lucia Fachin
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil; (F.G.N.); (B.B.S.); (T.T.K.); (W.J.d.S.); (M.M.G.d.C.); (G.I.H.); (R.O.B.); (M.M.)
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Strachowska M, Robaszkiewicz A. Characteristics of anticancer activity of CBP/p300 inhibitors - Features of their classes, intracellular targets and future perspectives of their application in cancer treatment. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 257:108636. [PMID: 38521246 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Due to the contribution of highly homologous acetyltransferases CBP and p300 to transcription elevation of oncogenes and other cancer promoting factors, these enzymes emerge as possible epigenetic targets of anticancer therapy. Extensive efforts in search for small molecule inhibitors led to development of compounds targeting histone acetyltransferase catalytic domain or chromatin-interacting bromodomain of CBP/p300, as well as dual BET and CBP/p300 inhibitors. The promising anticancer efficacy in in vitro and mice models led CCS1477 and NEO2734 to clinical trials. However, none of the described inhibitors is perfectly specific to CBP/p300 since they share similarity of a key functional domains with other enzymes, which are critically associated with cancer progression and their antagonists demonstrate remarkable clinical efficacy in cancer therapy. Therefore, we revise the possible and clinically relevant off-targets of CBP/p300 inhibitors that can be blocked simultaneously with CBP/p300 thereby improving the anticancer potential of CBP/p300 inhibitors and pharmacokinetic predicting data such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Strachowska
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General Biophysics, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; University of Lodz, Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Banacha 12 /16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Robaszkiewicz
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General Biophysics, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Institute of Fundamental and Basic Research, 600 5(th) Street South, Saint Petersburg FL33701, United States of America.
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8
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Genet G, Genet N, Paila U, Cain SR, Cwiek A, Chavkin NW, Serbulea V, Figueras A, Cerdà P, McDonnell SP, Sankaranarayanan D, Huba M, Nelson EA, Riera-Mestre A, Hirschi KK. Induced Endothelial Cell Cycle Arrest Prevents Arteriovenous Malformations in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia. Circulation 2024; 149:944-962. [PMID: 38126211 PMCID: PMC10954087 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.062952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distinct endothelial cell cycle states (early G1 versus late G1) provide different "windows of opportunity" to enable the differential expression of genes that regulate venous versus arterial specification, respectively. Endothelial cell cycle control and arteriovenous identities are disrupted in vascular malformations including arteriovenous shunts, the hallmark of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). To date, the mechanistic link between endothelial cell cycle regulation and the development of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in HHT is not known. METHODS We used BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) 9/10 blocking antibodies and endothelial-specific deletion of activin A receptor like type 1 (Alk1) to induce HHT in Fucci (fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator) 2 mice to assess endothelial cell cycle states in AVMs. We also assessed the therapeutic potential of inducing endothelial cell cycle G1 state in HHT to prevent AVMs by repurposing the Food and Drug Administration-approved CDK (cyclin-dependent kinase) 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) palbociclib. RESULTS We found that endothelial cell cycle state and associated gene expressions are dysregulated during the pathogenesis of vascular malformations in HHT. We also showed that palbociclib treatment prevented AVM development induced by BMP9/10 inhibition and Alk1 genetic deletion. Mechanistically, endothelial cell late G1 state induced by palbociclib modulates the expression of genes regulating arteriovenous identity, endothelial cell migration, metabolism, and VEGF-A (vascular endothelial growth factor A) and BMP9 signaling that collectively contribute to the prevention of vascular malformations. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights into molecular mechanisms leading to HHT by defining how endothelial cell cycle is dysregulated in AVMs because of BMP9/10 and Alk1 signaling deficiencies, and how restoration of endothelial cell cycle control may be used to treat AVMs in patients with HHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gael Genet
- Department of Cell Biology (G.G., N.G., U.P., S.R.C., A.C., S.P.M., D.S., M.H., E.A.N., K.K.H.), School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Nafiisha Genet
- Department of Cell Biology (G.G., N.G., U.P., S.R.C., A.C., S.P.M., D.S., M.H., E.A.N., K.K.H.), School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Umadevi Paila
- Department of Cell Biology (G.G., N.G., U.P., S.R.C., A.C., S.P.M., D.S., M.H., E.A.N., K.K.H.), School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Shelby R Cain
- Department of Cell Biology (G.G., N.G., U.P., S.R.C., A.C., S.P.M., D.S., M.H., E.A.N., K.K.H.), School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Aleksandra Cwiek
- Department of Cell Biology (G.G., N.G., U.P., S.R.C., A.C., S.P.M., D.S., M.H., E.A.N., K.K.H.), School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Nicholas W Chavkin
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (N.W.C., V.S., K.K.H.), School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Vlad Serbulea
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (N.W.C., V.S., K.K.H.), School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Agnès Figueras
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (A.F.)
- Oncobell Program (A.F.), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Cerdà
- (P.C., A.R.-M.), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- HHT Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain (P.C., A.R.-M.)
| | - Stephanie P McDonnell
- Department of Cell Biology (G.G., N.G., U.P., S.R.C., A.C., S.P.M., D.S., M.H., E.A.N., K.K.H.), School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Danya Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Cell Biology (G.G., N.G., U.P., S.R.C., A.C., S.P.M., D.S., M.H., E.A.N., K.K.H.), School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Mahalia Huba
- Department of Cell Biology (G.G., N.G., U.P., S.R.C., A.C., S.P.M., D.S., M.H., E.A.N., K.K.H.), School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Elizabeth A Nelson
- Department of Cell Biology (G.G., N.G., U.P., S.R.C., A.C., S.P.M., D.S., M.H., E.A.N., K.K.H.), School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Antoni Riera-Mestre
- (P.C., A.R.-M.), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- HHT Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain (P.C., A.R.-M.)
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (A.R.-M.)
| | - Karen K Hirschi
- Department of Cell Biology (G.G., N.G., U.P., S.R.C., A.C., S.P.M., D.S., M.H., E.A.N., K.K.H.), School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (N.W.C., V.S., K.K.H.), School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
- Department of Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (K.K.H.)
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9
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Li J, Pang D, Zhou L, Ouyang H, Tian Y, Yu H. miR-26a-5p inhibits the proliferation of psoriasis-like keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo by dual interference with the CDC6/CCNE1 axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:4631-4653. [PMID: 38446584 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory proliferative dermatological ailment that currently lacks a definitive cure. Employing data mining techniques, this study identified a collection of substantially downregulated miRNAs (top 10). Notably, 32 targets were implicated in both the activation of the IL-17 signaling pathway and cell cycle dysregulation. In silico analysis revealed that one of these miRNAs, miR-26a-5p, is a highly conserved cross-species miRNA. Strikingly, the miR-26a-5p sequences in humans and mice are identical, and mmu-miR-26a-5p was found to target the same 7 cell cycle targets as its human counterpart, hsa-miR-26a-5p. Among these targets, CDC6 and CCNE1 were the most effective targets of miR-26a-5p, which was further validated in vitro using a dual luciferase reporter system and qPCR assay. The therapeutic assessment of miR-26a-5p revealed its remarkable efficacy in inhibiting the proliferation and G1/S transition of keratinocytes (HaCaT and HEKs) in vitro. In vivo experiments corroborated these findings, demonstrating that miR-26a-5p effectively suppressed imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like skin lesions in mice over an 8-day treatment period. Histological analysis via H&E staining revealed that miR-26a-5p treatment resulted in reduced keratinocyte thickness and immune cell infiltration into the spleens of IMQ-treated mice. Mechanistic investigations revealed that miR-26a-5p induced a cascade of downregulated genes associated with the IL-23/IL-17A axis, which is known to be critical in psoriasis pathogenesis, while concomitantly suppressing CDC6 and CCNE1 expression. These findings were corroborated by qPCR and Western blot analyses. Collectively, our study provides compelling evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of miR-26a-5p as a safe and reliable endogenous small nucleic acid for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Li
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Daxin Pang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401123, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401123, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, School of Basic Medicine, Chong-qing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401123, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401123, China
| | - Yaping Tian
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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10
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Sáez-Martínez P, Porcel-Pastrana F, Montero-Hidalgo AJ, Lozano de la Haba S, Sanchez-Sanchez R, González-Serrano T, Gómez-Gómez E, Martínez-Fuentes AJ, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Gahete MD, Luque RM. Dysregulation of RNA-Exosome machinery is directly linked to major cancer hallmarks in prostate cancer: Oncogenic role of PABPN1. Cancer Lett 2024; 584:216604. [PMID: 38244911 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Novel biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for prostate-cancer (PCa) are required to overcome its lethal progression. The dysregulation/implication of the RNA-Exosome-complex (REC; cellular machinery controlling the 3'-5'processing/degradation of most RNAs) in different cancer-types, including PCa, is poorly known. Herein, different cellular/molecular/preclinical approaches with human PCa-samples (tissues and/or plasma of 7 independent cohorts), and in-vitro/in-vivo PCa-models were used to comprehensively characterize the REC-profile and explore its role in PCa. Moreover, isoginkgetin (REC-inhibitor) effects were evaluated on PCa-cells. We demonstrated a specific dysregulation of the REC-components in PCa-tissues, identifying the Poly(A)-Binding-Protein-Nuclear 1 (PABPN1) factor as a critical regulator of major cancer hallmarks. PABPN1 is consistently overexpressed in different human PCa-cohorts and associated with poor-progression, invasion and metastasis. PABPN1 silencing decreased relevant cancer hallmarks in multiple PCa-models (proliferation/migration/tumourspheres/colonies, etc.) through the modulation of key cancer-related lncRNAs (PCA3/FALEC/DLEU2) and mRNAs (CDK2/CDK6/CDKN1A). Plasma PABPN1 levels were altered in patients with metastatic and tumour-relapse. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of REC-activity drastically inhibited PCa-cell aggressiveness. Altogether, the REC is drastically dysregulated in PCa, wherein this novel molecular event/mechanism, especially PABPN1 alteration, may be potentially exploited as a novel prognostic and therapeutic tool for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prudencio Sáez-Martínez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Porcel-Pastrana
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Antonio J Montero-Hidalgo
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Samanta Lozano de la Haba
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Sanchez-Sanchez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain; Anatomical Pathology Service, HURS, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Teresa González-Serrano
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain; Anatomical Pathology Service, HURS, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gómez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain; Urology Service, HURS/IMIBIC, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Antonio J Martínez-Fuentes
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Cordoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain.
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11
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Zikry TM, Wolff SC, Ranek JS, Davis HM, Naugle A, Luthra N, Whitman AA, Kedziora KM, Stallaert W, Kosorok MR, Spanheimer PM, Purvis JE. Cell cycle plasticity underlies fractional resistance to palbociclib in ER+/HER2- breast tumor cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2309261121. [PMID: 38324568 PMCID: PMC10873600 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2309261121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib blocks cell cycle progression in Estrogen receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor 2 receptor-negative (ER+/HER2-) breast tumor cells. Despite the drug's success in improving patient outcomes, a small percentage of tumor cells continues to divide in the presence of palbociclib-a phenomenon we refer to as fractional resistance. It is critical to understand the cellular mechanisms underlying fractional resistance because the precise percentage of resistant cells in patient tissue is a strong predictor of clinical outcomes. Here, we hypothesize that fractional resistance arises from cell-to-cell differences in core cell cycle regulators that allow a subset of cells to escape CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy. We used multiplex, single-cell imaging to identify fractionally resistant cells in both cultured and primary breast tumor samples resected from patients. Resistant cells showed premature accumulation of multiple G1 regulators including E2F1, retinoblastoma protein, and CDK2, as well as enhanced sensitivity to pharmacological inhibition of CDK2 activity. Using trajectory inference approaches, we show how plasticity among cell cycle regulators gives rise to alternate cell cycle "paths" that allow individual tumor cells to escape palbociclib treatment. Understanding drivers of cell cycle plasticity, and how to eliminate resistant cell cycle paths, could lead to improved cancer therapies targeting fractionally resistant cells to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M. Zikry
- Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC27599
| | - Samuel C. Wolff
- Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
| | - Jolene S. Ranek
- Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
| | - Harris M. Davis
- Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
| | - Ander Naugle
- Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
| | - Namit Luthra
- Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
| | - Austin A. Whitman
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
| | - Katarzyna M. Kedziora
- Center for Biologic Imaging, Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburg, Pittsburgh, PA15620
| | - Wayne Stallaert
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburg, Pittsburgh, PA15620
| | - Michael R. Kosorok
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC27599
| | - Philip M. Spanheimer
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
| | - Jeremy E. Purvis
- Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
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12
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Khamidullina AI, Abramenko YE, Bruter AV, Tatarskiy VV. Key Proteins of Replication Stress Response and Cell Cycle Control as Cancer Therapy Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1263. [PMID: 38279263 PMCID: PMC10816012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Replication stress (RS) is a characteristic state of cancer cells as they tend to exchange precision of replication for fast proliferation and increased genomic instability. To overcome the consequences of improper replication control, malignant cells frequently inactivate parts of their DNA damage response (DDR) pathways (the ATM-CHK2-p53 pathway), while relying on other pathways which help to maintain replication fork stability (ATR-CHK1). This creates a dependency on the remaining DDR pathways, vulnerability to further destabilization of replication and synthetic lethality of DDR inhibitors with common oncogenic alterations such as mutations of TP53, RB1, ATM, amplifications of MYC, CCNE1 and others. The response to RS is normally limited by coordination of cell cycle, transcription and replication. Inhibition of WEE1 and PKMYT1 kinases, which prevent unscheduled mitosis entry, leads to fragility of under-replicated sites. Recent evidence also shows that inhibition of Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), such as CDK4/6, CDK2, CDK8/19 and CDK12/13 can contribute to RS through disruption of DNA repair and replication control. Here, we review the main causes of RS in cancers as well as main therapeutic targets-ATR, CHK1, PARP and their inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvina I. Khamidullina
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncobiology, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.K.); (Y.E.A.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaroslav E. Abramenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncobiology, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.K.); (Y.E.A.)
| | - Alexandra V. Bruter
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor V. Tatarskiy
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncobiology, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.K.); (Y.E.A.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
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13
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Zhang C, Zhou F, Zou J, Fang Y, Liu Y, Li L, Hou J, Wang G, Wang H, Lai X, Xie L, Jiang J, Yang C, Huang Y, Chen Y, Zhang H, Li Y. Clinical considerations of CDK4/6 inhibitors in HER2 positive breast cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1322078. [PMID: 38293701 PMCID: PMC10824891 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1322078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of cell cycles can result in a variety of cancers, including breast cancer (BC). In fact, abnormal regulation of cell cycle pathways is often observed in breast cancer, leading to malignant cell proliferation. CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) can block the G1 cell cycle through the cyclin D-cyclin dependent kinase 4/6-inhibitor of CDK4-retinoblastoma (cyclinD-CDK4/6-INK4-RB) pathway, thus blocking the proliferation of invasive cells, showing great therapeutic potential to inhibit the spread of BC. So far, three FDA-approved drugs have been shown to be effective in the management of advanced hormone receptor positive (HR+) BC: palbociclib, abemaciclib, and ribociclib. The combination strategy of CDK4/6i and endocrine therapy (ET) has become the standard therapeutic regimen and is increasingly applied to advanced BC patients. The present study aims to clarify whether CDK4/6i can also achieve a certain therapeutic effect on Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+) BC. Studies of CDK4/6i are not limited to patients with estrogen receptor positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (ER+/HER2-) advanced BC, but have also expanded to other types of BC. Several pre-clinical and clinical trials have demonstrated the potential of CDK4/6i in treating HER2+ BC. Therefore, this review summarizes the current knowledge and recent findings on the use of CDK4/6i in this type of BC, and provides ideas for the discovery of new treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Zhang
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Fulin Zhou
- Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Guiyang City, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiali Zou
- Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Guiyang City, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanman Fang
- Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Guiyang City, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuncong Liu
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Libo Li
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Hou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaolian Lai
- Department of Digestive, People’s Hospital of Songtao Miao Autonomous County, Tongren, China
| | - Lu Xie
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jia Jiang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Can Yang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | | | | | - Hanqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
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14
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Yang HW. Investigating Heterogeneous Cell-Cycle Progression Using Single-Cell Imaging Approaches. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2740:263-273. [PMID: 38393481 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3557-5_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Investigating cell-cycle progression has been challenging due to the complex interconnectivity of regulatory processes and inherent cell-to-cell heterogeneity, which often require synchronization procedures. However, recent advancements in cell-cycle sensors and single-cell imaging techniques have turned this heterogeneity into an advantage for investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying diverse responses. This has led to significant progress in our understanding of cell-cycle regulation. In this paper, we present a comprehensive live single-cell imaging workflow that leverages cutting-edge live-cell sensors. These advanced single-cell imaging procedures provide promising opportunities for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underpinnings of heterogeneous responses in cell-cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Won Yang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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15
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Zhang M, Kim S, Yang HW. Non-canonical pathway for Rb inactivation and external signaling coordinate cell-cycle entry without CDK4/6 activity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7847. [PMID: 38030655 PMCID: PMC10687137 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43716-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) are critical for initiating cell proliferation by inactivating the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein. However, mammalian cells can bypass CDK4/6 for Rb inactivation. Here we show a non-canonical pathway for Rb inactivation and its interplay with external signals. We find that the non-phosphorylated Rb protein in quiescent cells is intrinsically unstable, offering an alternative mechanism for initiating E2F activity. Nevertheless, this pathway incompletely induces Rb-protein loss, resulting in minimal E2F activity. To trigger cell proliferation, upregulation of mitogenic signaling is required for stabilizing c-Myc, thereby augmenting E2F activity. Concurrently, stress signaling promotes Cip/Kip levels, competitively regulating cell proliferation with mitogenic signaling. In cancer, driver mutations elevate c-Myc levels, facilitating adaptation to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Differentiated cells, despite Rb-protein loss, maintain quiescence through the modulation of c-Myc and Cip/Kip levels. Our findings provide mechanistic insights into an alternative model of cell-cycle entry and the maintenance of quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sungsoo Kim
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Hee Won Yang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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16
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Čižmáriková M, Michalková R, Mirossay L, Mojžišová G, Zigová M, Bardelčíková A, Mojžiš J. Ellagic Acid and Cancer Hallmarks: Insights from Experimental Evidence. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1653. [PMID: 38002335 PMCID: PMC10669545 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex and multifaceted disease with a high global incidence and mortality rate. Although cancer therapy has evolved significantly over the years, numerous challenges persist on the path to effectively combating this multifaceted disease. Natural compounds derived from plants, fungi, or marine organisms have garnered considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents in the field of cancer research. Ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenolic compound found in various fruits and nuts, has emerged as a potential cancer prevention and treatment agent. This review summarizes the experimental evidence supporting the role of EA in targeting key hallmarks of cancer, including proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis evasion, immune evasion, inflammation, genomic instability, and more. We discuss the molecular mechanisms by which EA modulates signaling pathways and molecular targets involved in these cancer hallmarks, based on in vitro and in vivo studies. The multifaceted actions of EA make it a promising candidate for cancer prevention and therapy. Understanding its impact on cancer biology can pave the way for developing novel strategies to combat this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Čižmáriková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Radka Michalková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Ladislav Mirossay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Gabriela Mojžišová
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Martina Zigová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Annamária Bardelčíková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
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17
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Fleifel D, Cook JG. G1 Dynamics at the Crossroads of Pluripotency and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4559. [PMID: 37760529 PMCID: PMC10526231 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
G1 cell cycle phase dynamics are regulated by intricate networks involving cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and CDK inhibitors, which control G1 progression and ensure proper cell cycle transitions. Moreover, adequate origin licensing in G1 phase, the first committed step of DNA replication in the subsequent S phase, is essential to maintain genome integrity. In this review, we highlight the intriguing parallels and disparities in G1 dynamics between stem cells and cancer cells, focusing on their regulatory mechanisms and functional outcomes. Notably, SOX2, OCT4, KLF4, and the pluripotency reprogramming facilitator c-MYC, known for their role in establishing and maintaining stem cell pluripotency, are also aberrantly expressed in certain cancer cells. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the regulatory role of these pluripotency factors in G1 dynamics in the context of stem cells and cancer cells, which may offer new insights into the interconnections between pluripotency and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeanette Gowen Cook
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
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18
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Flint AC, Mitchell DK, Angus SP, Smith AE, Bessler W, Jiang L, Mang H, Li X, Lu Q, Rodriguez B, Sandusky GE, Masters AR, Zhang C, Dang P, Koenig J, Johnson GL, Shen W, Liu J, Aggarwal A, Donoho GP, Willard MD, Bhagwat SV, Wade Clapp D, Rhodes SD. Combined CDK4/6 and ERK1/2 Inhibition Enhances Antitumor Activity in NF1-Associated Plexiform Neurofibroma. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3438-3456. [PMID: 37406085 PMCID: PMC11060649 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-2854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Plexiform neurofibromas (PNF) are peripheral nerve sheath tumors that cause significant morbidity in persons with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), yet treatment options remain limited. To identify novel therapeutic targets for PNF, we applied an integrated multi-omic approach to quantitatively profile kinome enrichment in a mouse model that has predicted therapeutic responses in clinical trials for NF1-associated PNF with high fidelity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Utilizing RNA sequencing combined with chemical proteomic profiling of the functionally enriched kinome using multiplexed inhibitor beads coupled with mass spectrometry, we identified molecular signatures predictive of response to CDK4/6 and RAS/MAPK pathway inhibition in PNF. Informed by these results, we evaluated the efficacy of the CDK4/6 inhibitor, abemaciclib, and the ERK1/2 inhibitor, LY3214996, alone and in combination in reducing PNF tumor burden in Nf1flox/flox;PostnCre mice. RESULTS Converging signatures of CDK4/6 and RAS/MAPK pathway activation were identified within the transcriptome and kinome that were conserved in both murine and human PNF. We observed robust additivity of the CDK4/6 inhibitor, abemaciclib, in combination with the ERK1/2 inhibitor, LY3214996, in murine and human NF1(Nf1) mutant Schwann cells. Consistent with these findings, the combination of abemaciclib (CDK4/6i) and LY3214996 (ERK1/2i) synergized to suppress molecular signatures of MAPK activation and exhibited enhanced antitumor activity in Nf1flox/flox;PostnCre mice in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide rationale for the clinical translation of CDK4/6 inhibitors alone and in combination with therapies targeting the RAS/MAPK pathway for the treatment of PNF and other peripheral nerve sheath tumors in persons with NF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa C. Flint
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Dana K. Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Steven P. Angus
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Abbi E. Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Waylan Bessler
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Henry Mang
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Qingbo Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Brooke Rodriguez
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - George E. Sandusky
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andi R. Masters
- Clinical Pharmacology Analytical Core, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Pengtao Dang
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Jenna Koenig
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Gary L. Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Weihua Shen
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jiangang Liu
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Amit Aggarwal
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gregory P. Donoho
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Melinda D. Willard
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Shripad V. Bhagwat
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - D. Wade Clapp
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Steven D. Rhodes
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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19
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Jang H, Song J, Ham J, An G, Lee H, Song G, Lim W. Oxyfluorfen induces cell cycle arrest by regulating MAPK, PI3K and autophagy in ruminant immortalized mammary epithelial cells. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:105461. [PMID: 37248026 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Oxyfluorfen, a phenoxy phenyl-type herbicide, causes significant damage to ecosystems through chronically effecting invertebrates, fish, and mammals. Considering its adverse effect on ecosystem conservation, it is necessary to investigate its toxic effects on animals. However, the mechanisms of oxyfluorfen toxicity on bovines are not well established. This study investigated the cytotoxic effect of oxyfluorfen on bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T). We conducted several functional experiments to examine the response of MAC-T to oxyfluorfen under various concentrations (0, 1, 2, 5, and 10 ppm). Oxyfluorfen decreased cell viability and increased apoptotic cells by regulating the expression of apoptotic genes and proteins in MAC-T. In addition, oxyfluorfen-treated cells exhibited reduced PCNA expression with a low 3D spheroid formation as compared to that of control cells. Furthermore, oxyfluorfen treatment suppressed cell cycle progression with a decrease in cyclin D1 and cyclin A2 in MAC-T. Next, we performed western blot analysis to verify intercellular signaling changes in oxyfluorfen-treated MAC-T. The phosphor-AKT protein was increased, whereas MAPK signal pathways were decreased. Particularly, the combination of oxyfluorfen with U0126 or SP600125 completely blocked the ERK1/2 and JNK pathways leading to cell viability in MAC-T. Moreover, oxyfluorfen induced inflammatory gene expression and autophagy by increasing phosphorylation of P62 and LC3B in MAC-T. These results demonstrated that oxyfluorfen has cytotoxic effect on MAC-T, implying that the milk production capacity in cows may eventually harm humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisoo Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Ham
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam An
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Lee
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Cayo A, Venturini W, Rebolledo-Mira D, Moore-Carrasco R, Herrada AA, Nova-Lamperti E, Valenzuela C, Brown NE. Palbociclib-Induced Cellular Senescence Is Modulated by the mTOR Complex 1 and Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119284. [PMID: 37298236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite not dividing, senescent cells acquire the ability to synthesize and secrete a plethora of bioactive molecules, a feature known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In addition, senescent cells often upregulate autophagy, a catalytic process that improves cell viability in stress-challenged cells. Notably, this "senescence-related autophagy" can provide free amino acids for the activation of mTORC1 and the synthesis of SASP components. However, little is known about the functional status of mTORC1 in models of senescence induced by CDK4/6 inhibitors (e.g., Palbociclib), or the effects that the inhibition of mTORC1 or the combined inhibition of mTORC1 and autophagy have on senescence and the SASP. Herein, we examined the effects of mTORC1 inhibition, with or without concomitant autophagy inhibition, on Palbociclib-driven senescent AGS and MCF-7 cells. We also assessed the pro-tumorigenic effects of conditioned media from Palbociclib-driven senescent cells with the inhibition of mTORC1, or with the combined inhibition of mTORC1 and autophagy. We found that Palbociclib-driven senescent cells display a partially reduced activity of mTORC1 accompanied by increased levels of autophagy. Interestingly, further mTORC1 inhibition exacerbated the senescent phenotype, a phenomenon that was reversed upon autophagy inhibition. Finally, the SASP varied upon inhibiting mTORC1, or upon the combined inhibition of mTORC1 and autophagy, generating diverse responses in cell proliferation, invasion, and migration of non-senescent tumorigenic cells. Overall, variations in the SASP of Palbociclib-driven senescent cells with the concomitant inhibition of mTORC1 seem to depend on autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Cayo
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Academic Vice Rectory, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Whitney Venturini
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Academic Vice Rectory, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Danitza Rebolledo-Mira
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Moore-Carrasco
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Andrés A Herrada
- Lymphatic and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3467987, Chile
| | - Estefanía Nova-Lamperti
- Molecular and Translational Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Pharmacy Faculty, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Claudio Valenzuela
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Nelson E Brown
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
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21
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Brooks RF. Commentary: locating the restriction point. Cell Div 2023; 18:2. [PMID: 36765359 PMCID: PMC9912616 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-023-00085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Attempts to map the Restriction Point in the mammalian cell cycle typically involve stimulating quiescent cells with mitogens for increasing intervals, removing the stimulus and then determining the proportion of cells that reach S phase at some point later. This "fixed point" estimate assumes that further cell cycle commitment ceases as soon as the stimulus is removed. In fact, kinetic analysis shows that the probability of cell cycle commitment does not fall back to its initial low value, immediately after a pulse of mitogens, but may instead remain slightly elevated for some while afterwards, compared to the starting quiescent population. Thus, cells entering S phase after a brief exposure to mitogens are not those that pass the Restriction Point early. Rather, they represent cells that continue on to S phase as a result of this residual, low probability of cell cycle commitment. Instead, the mitogen-regulated process(es) affecting the probability of cell cycle commitment are much closer to the start of S phase itself. Since the acquisition of (apparent) mitogen independence is such a poor indicator of the timing of cell cycle commitment, it is argued that a better measure is the point of insensitivity to CDK4,6 inhibitors such as palbociclib, which indicates when hyperphosphorylation of the Retinoblastoma Protein, RB, ceases to be dependent on mitogen-signalling pathways regulating CDK4,6/cyclin D activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert F. Brooks
- grid.264200.20000 0000 8546 682XMolecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George’s University of London, Mailpoint J2A, Cranmer Terrace, SW17 0RE London, UK
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22
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WU Y, SONG J, MA A, ZHANG Z, CHEN Z, LI S, QI B, JIA Y. Isolation and extraction of glansreginin A from walnut meal and its effect on the proliferation of 3T3-L1 cells. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.006023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongling WU
- Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Jiaxin SONG
- Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Aijin MA
- Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Zijie ZHANG
- Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Zhou CHEN
- Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Siting LI
- Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Bing QI
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Walnut Nutritional Function and Processing Technology, China
| | - Yingmin JIA
- Beijing Technology and Business University, China
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23
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Sáez-Martínez P, Porcel-Pastrana F, Pérez-Gómez JM, Pedraza-Arévalo S, Gómez-Gómez E, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Gahete MD, Luque RM. Somatostatin, Cortistatin and Their Receptors Exert Antitumor Actions in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells: Critical Role of Endogenous Cortistatin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113003. [PMID: 36361790 PMCID: PMC9654089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatostatin (SST), cortistatin (CORT), and their receptors (SSTR1-5/sst5TMD4-TMD5) comprise a multifactorial hormonal system involved in the regulation of numerous pathophysiological processes. Certain components of this system are dysregulated and play critical roles in the development/progression of different endocrine-related cancers. However, the presence and therapeutic role of this regulatory system in prostate cancer (PCa) remain poorly explored. Accordingly, we performed functional (proliferation/migration/colonies-formation) and mechanistic (Western-blot/qPCR/microfluidic-based qPCR-array) assays in response to SST and CORT treatments and CORT-silencing (using specific siRNA) in different PCa cell models [androgen-dependent (AD): LNCaP; androgen-independent (AI)/castration-resistant PCa (CRPC): 22Rv1 and PC-3], and/or in the normal-like prostate cell-line RWPE-1. Moreover, the expression of SST/CORT system components was analyzed in PCa samples from two different patient cohorts [internal (n = 69); external (Grasso, n = 88)]. SST and CORT treatment inhibited key functional/aggressiveness parameters only in AI-PCa cells. Mechanistically, antitumor capacity of SST/CORT was associated with the modulation of oncogenic signaling pathways (AKT/JNK), and with the significant down-regulation of critical genes involved in proliferation/migration and PCa-aggressiveness (e.g., MKI67/MMP9/EGF). Interestingly, CORT was highly expressed, while SST was not detected, in all prostate cell-lines analyzed. Consistently, endogenous CORT was overexpressed in PCa samples (compared with benign-prostatic-hyperplasia) and correlated with key clinical (i.e., metastasis) and molecular (i.e., SSTR2/SSTR5 expression) parameters. Remarkably, CORT-silencing drastically enhanced proliferation rate and blunted the antitumor activity of SST-analogues (octreotide/pasireotide) in AI-PCa cells. Altogether, we provide evidence that SST/CORT system and SST-analogues could represent a potential therapeutic option for PCa, especially for CRPC, and that endogenous CORT could act as an autocrine/paracrine regulator of PCa progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prudencio Sáez-Martínez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Porcel-Pastrana
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Jesús M. Pérez-Gómez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Sergio Pedraza-Arévalo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gómez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Urology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan M. Jiménez-Vacas
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Manuel D. Gahete
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Raúl M. Luque
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Correspondence:
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