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Hou J, Feng Y, Yang Z, Ding Y, Cheng D, Shi Z, Li R, Xue L. Primary Sjögren's syndrome: new perspectives on salivary gland epithelial cells. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:371. [PMID: 39014509 PMCID: PMC11253495 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01967-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease primarily affecting exocrine glands such as the salivary glands, leading to impaired secretion and sicca symptoms. As the mainstay of salivation, salivary gland epithelial cells (SGECs) have an important role in the pathology of pSS. Emerging evidence suggests that the interplay between immunological factors and SGECs may not be the initial trigger or the sole mechanism responsible for xerostomia in pSS, challenging conventional perceptions. To deepen our understanding, current research regarding SGECs in pSS was reviewed. Among the extensive aberrations in cellular architecture and function, this review highlighted certain alterations of SGECs that were identified to occur independently of or in absence of lymphocytic infiltration. In particular, some of these alterations may serve as upstream factors of immuno-inflammatory responses. These findings underscore the significance of introspecting the pathogenesis of pSS and developing interventions targeting SGECs in the early stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Hou
- Rheumatology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Yiyi Feng
- Rheumatology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Zhixia Yang
- Rheumatology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Yimei Ding
- Rheumatology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Dandan Cheng
- Shanghai Skin Diseases Hospital, 200 Wuyi Road, Changning District, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Zhonghao Shi
- Rheumatology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Rouxin Li
- Rheumatology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Luan Xue
- Rheumatology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200437, China.
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2
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Kok M, Brodsky JL. The biogenesis of potassium transporters: implications of disease-associated mutations. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2024:1-45. [PMID: 38946646 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2024.2369986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The concentration of intracellular and extracellular potassium is tightly regulated due to the action of various ion transporters, channels, and pumps, which reside primarily in the kidney. Yet, potassium transporters and cotransporters play vital roles in all organs and cell types. Perhaps not surprisingly, defects in the biogenesis, function, and/or regulation of these proteins are linked to range of catastrophic human diseases, but to date, few drugs have been approved to treat these maladies. In this review, we discuss the structure, function, and activity of a group of potassium-chloride cotransporters, the KCCs, as well as the related sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporters, the NKCCs. Diseases associated with each of the four KCCs and two NKCCs are also discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on how these complex membrane proteins fold and mature in the endoplasmic reticulum, how non-native forms of the cotransporters are destroyed in the cell, and which cellular factors oversee their maturation and transport to the cell surface. When known, we also outline how the levels and activities of each cotransporter are regulated. Open questions in the field and avenues for future investigations are further outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Kok
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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3
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Nakamura H, Tanaka T, Zheng C, Afione SA, Atsumi T, Noguchi M, Oliveira FR, Motta ACF, Chahud F, Rocha EM, Warner BM, Chiorini JA. Amplified Type I Interferon Response in Sjögren's Disease via Ectopic Toll-Like Receptor 7 Expression in Salivary Gland Epithelial Cells Induced by Lysosome-Associated Membrane Protein 3. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:1109-1119. [PMID: 38472139 DOI: 10.1002/art.42844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lysosome-associated membrane protein 3 (LAMP3) misexpression in salivary gland epithelial cells plays a causal role in the development of salivary gland dysfunction and autoimmunity associated with Sjögren's disease (SjD). This study aimed to clarify how epithelial LAMP3 misexpression is induced in SjD. METHODS To explore upstream signaling pathways associated with LAMP3 expression, we conducted multiple RNA sequencing analyses of minor salivary glands from patients with SjD, submandibular glands from a mouse model of SjD, and salivary gland epithelial cell lines. A hypothesis generated by the RNA sequencing analyses was further tested by in vitro and in vivo assays with gene manipulation. RESULTS Transcriptome analysis suggested LAMP3 expression was associated with enhanced type I interferon (IFN) and IFNγ signaling pathways in patients with SjD. In vitro studies showed that type I IFN but not IFNγ stimulation could induce LAMP3 expression in salivary gland epithelial cells. Moreover, we discovered that LAMP3 overexpression could induce ectopic Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR-7) expression and type I IFN production in salivary gland epithelial cells both in vitro and in vivo. TLR-7 knockout mice did not develop any SjD-related symptoms following LAMP3 induction. CONCLUSION Epithelial LAMP3 misexpression can be induced through enhanced type I IFN response in salivary glands. In addition, LAMP3 can promote type I IFN production via ectopic TLR-7 expression in salivary gland epithelial cells. This positive feedback loop can contribute to maintaining LAMP3 misexpression and amplifying type I IFN production in salivary glands, which plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of SjD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tsutomu Tanaka
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Changyu Zheng
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sandra A Afione
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tatsuya Atsumi
- Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Noguchi
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Ana Carolina F Motta
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Chahud
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Rocha
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Blake M Warner
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - John A Chiorini
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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Pillai S, Munguia-Lopez JG, Tran SD. Bioengineered Salivary Gland Microtissues─A Review of 3D Cellular Models and their Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2620-2636. [PMID: 38591955 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Salivary glands (SGs) play a vital role in maintaining oral health through the production and release of saliva. Injury to SGs can lead to gland hypofunction and a decrease in saliva secretion manifesting as xerostomia. While symptomatic treatments for xerostomia exist, effective permanent solutions are still lacking, emphasizing the need for innovative approaches. Significant progress has been made in the field of three-dimensional (3D) SG bioengineering for applications in gland regeneration. This has been achieved through a major focus on cell culture techniques, including soluble cues and biomaterial components of the 3D niche. Cells derived from both adult and embryonic SGs have highlighted key in vitro characteristics of SG 3D models. While still in its first decade of exploration, SG spheroids and organoids have so far served as crucial tools to study SG pathophysiology. This review, based on a literature search over the past decade, covers the importance of SG cell types in the realm of their isolation, sourcing, and culture conditions that modulate the 3D microenvironment. We discuss different biomaterials employed for SG culture and the current advances made in bioengineering SG models using them. The success of these 3D cellular models are further evaluated in the context of their applications in organ transplantation and in vitro disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeth Pillai
- McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, 3640 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Jose G Munguia-Lopez
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Simon D Tran
- McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, 3640 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
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Aalam SMM, Varela AR, Khaderi A, Mondesir RJ, Mun DG, Ding A, Lombaert IM, Coppes RP, Emperumal CP, Pandey A, Janus JR, Kannan N. The Mayo Clinic Salivary Tissue-Organoid Biobanking: A Resource for Salivary Regeneration Research. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.23.581761. [PMID: 38464033 PMCID: PMC10925098 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.23.581761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The salivary gland (SG) is an essential organ that secretes saliva, which supports versatile oral function throughout life, and is maintained by elusive epithelial stem and progenitor cells (SGSPC). Unfortunately, aging, drugs, autoimmune disorders, and cancer treatments can lead to salivary dysfunction and associated health consequences. Despite many ongoing therapeutic efforts to mediate those conditions, investigating human SGSPC is challenging due to lack of standardized tissue collection, limited tissue access, and inadequate purification methods. Herein, we established a diverse and clinically annotated salivary regenerative biobanking at the Mayo Clinic, optimizing viable salivary cell isolation and clonal assays in both 2D and 3D-matrigel growth environments. Our analysis identified ductal epithelial cells in vitro enriched with SGSPC expressing the CD24/EpCAM/CD49f+ and PSMA- phenotype. We identified PSMA expression as a reliable SGSPC differentiation marker. Moreover, we identified progenitor cell types with shared phenotypes exhibiting three distinct clonal patterns of salivary differentiation in a 2D environment. Leveraging innovative label-free unbiased LC-MS/MS-based single-cell proteomics, we identified 819 proteins across 71 single cell proteome datasets from purified progenitor-enriched parotid gland (PG) and sub-mandibular gland (SMG) cultures. We identified distinctive co-expression of proteins, such as KRT1/5/13/14/15/17/23/76 and 79, exclusively observed in rare, scattered salivary ductal basal cells, indicating the potential de novo source of SGSPC. We also identified an entire class of peroxiredoxin peroxidases, enriched in PG than SMG, and attendant H2O2-dependent cell proliferation in vitro suggesting a potential role for PRDX-dependent floodgate oxidative signaling in salivary homeostasis. The distinctive clinical resources and research insights presented here offer a foundation for exploring personalized regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Rita Varela
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Aalim Khaderi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ronsard J Mondesir
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Dong-Gi Mun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andrew Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Isabelle M.A. Lombaert
- Biologic and Materials Sciences and Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, 2900 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rob P. Coppes
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Biomedical Sciences, Section Molecular Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Jeffrey R. Janus
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nagarajan Kannan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Nam K, Dos Santos HT, Maslow FM, Small T, Shanbhag V, Petris MJ, Baker OJ. Copper chelation reduces early collagen deposition and preserves saliva secretion in irradiated salivary glands. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24368. [PMID: 38298614 PMCID: PMC10828693 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is a first-line treatment for head and neck cancer; however, it typically leads to hyposalivation stemming from fibrosis of the salivary gland. Current strategies to restore glandular function are dependent on the presence of residual functional salivary gland tissue, a condition commonly not met in patients with extensive fibrotic coverage of the salivary gland resulting from radiation therapy. Fibrosis is defined by the pathological accumulation of connective tissue (i.e., extracellular matrix) and excessive deposition of crosslinked (fibrillar) collagen that can impact a range of tissues and given that collagen crosslinking is necessary for fibrosis formation, inhibiting this process is a reasonable focus for developing anti-fibrotic therapies. Collagen crosslinking is catalyzed by the lysyl oxidase family of secreted copper-dependent metalloenzymes, and since that copper is an essential cofactor in all lysyl oxidase family members, we tested whether localized delivery of a copper chelator into the submandibular gland of irradiated mice could suppress collagen deposition and preserve the structure and function of this organ. Our results demonstrate that transdermal injection of tetrathiomolybdate into salivary glands significantly reduced the early deposition of fibrillar collagen in irradiated mice and preserved the integrity and function of submandibular gland epithelial tissue. Together, these studies identify copper metabolism as a novel therapeutic target to control radiation induced damage to the salivary gland and the current findings further indicate the therapeutic potential of repurposing clinically approved copper chelators as neoadjuvant treatments for radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihoon Nam
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, United States
- School of Medicine Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, United States
| | - Harim Tavares Dos Santos
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, United States
- School of Medicine Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, United States
| | - Frank M. Maslow
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, United States
- School of Medicine Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, United States
| | - Travis Small
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, United States
- School of Medicine Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, United States
| | - Vinit Shanbhag
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, United States
| | - Michael J. Petris
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, United States
| | - Olga J. Baker
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, United States
- School of Medicine Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, United States
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7
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Lin J, Lin M, Du Q, Tu Y, Chen J. Involvement of aquaporin 5 and Na-K-2Cl cotransporter 1 in the pathogenesis of primary focal hyperhidrosis: evidence from the primary sweat gland cell culture. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C206-C213. [PMID: 38047298 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00274.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
People with primary focal hyperhidrosis (PFH) usually have an overactive sympathetic nervous system, which can activate the sweat glands through the chemical messenger of acetylcholine. The role of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) and Na-K-2Cl cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) in PFH is still unknown. The relative mRNA and protein levels of AQP5 and NKCC1 in the sweat gland tissues of three subtypes of patients with PFH (primary palmar hyperhidrosis, PPH; primary axillary hyperhidrosis, PAH; and primary craniofacial hyperhidrosis, PCH) were detected with real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blot. Primary sweat gland cells from healthy controls (NPFH-SG) were incubated with different concentrations of acetylcholine, and the relative mRNA and protein expression of AQP5 and NKCC1 were also detected. NPFH-SG cells were also transfected with si-AQP5 or shNKCC1, and acetylcholine stimulation-induced calcium transients were assayed with Fluo-3 AM calcium assay. Upregulated AQP5 and NKCC1 expression were observed in sweat gland tissues, and AQP5 demonstrated a positive Pearson correlation with NKCC1 in patients with PPH (r = 0.66, P < 0.001), patients with PAH (r = 0.71, P < 0.001), and patients with PCH (r = 0.62, P < 0.001). Upregulated AQP5 and NKCC1 expression were also detected in primary sweat gland cells derived from three subtypes of patients with PFH when compared with primary sweat gland cells derived from healthy control. Acetylcholine stimulation could induce the upregulated AQP5 and NKCC1 expression in NPFH-SG cells, and AQP5 or NKCC1 inhibitions attenuated the calcium transients induced by acetylcholine stimulation in NPFH-SG cells. The dependence of ACh-stimulated calcium transients on AQP5 and NKCC1 expression may be involved in the development of PFH.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The dependence of ACh-stimulated calcium transients on AQP5 and Na-K-2Cl cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) expression may be involved in the development of primary focal hyperhidrosis (PFH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Du
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanrong Tu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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Bai Y, Zhang K, Cao X, Chen P. Aquaporins in lacrimal glands and their role in dry eye disease. Exp Eye Res 2023; 236:109676. [PMID: 37827442 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the most important known risk factor for dry eye is aging, which is associated with changes in the structure and function of the lacrimal gland (LG) and characterized by atrophy, duct blocking lymphocyte infiltration, and reduced protein secretion. Aquaporins (AQP) have been proposed as a potential producer of exocrine gland fluids since exocrine secretion depends on the mobility of water. Therefore, the main topics of this review will be the expression, localization, and function of AQPs in LG. In addition, we review the mechanisms of fluid transport in exocrine gland fluid secretion and discuss the potential role of AQPs in dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bai
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kaier Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China; Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong Province, China.
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9
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Calamita G, Delporte C. Insights into the Function of Aquaporins in Gastrointestinal Fluid Absorption and Secretion in Health and Disease. Cells 2023; 12:2170. [PMID: 37681902 PMCID: PMC10486417 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs), transmembrane proteins permeable to water, are involved in gastrointestinal secretion. The secretory products of the glands are delivered either to some organ cavities for exocrine glands or to the bloodstream for endocrine glands. The main secretory glands being part of the gastrointestinal system are salivary glands, gastric glands, duodenal Brunner's gland, liver, bile ducts, gallbladder, intestinal goblet cells, exocrine and endocrine pancreas. Due to their expression in gastrointestinal exocrine and endocrine glands, AQPs fulfill important roles in the secretion of various fluids involved in food handling. This review summarizes the contribution of AQPs in physiological and pathophysiological stages related to gastrointestinal secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Roshandel D, Semnani F, Rayati Damavandi A, Masoudi A, Baradaran-Rafii A, Watson SL, Morgan WH, McLenachan S. Genetic predisposition to ocular surface disorders and opportunities for gene-based therapies. Ocul Surf 2023; 29:150-165. [PMID: 37192706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The ocular surface, comprised of the corneal and conjunctival epithelium, innervation system, immune components, and tear-film apparatus, plays a key role in ocular integrity as well as comfort and vision. Gene defects may result in congenital ocular or systemic disorders with prominent ocular surface involvement. Examples include epithelial corneal dystrophies, aniridia, ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting (EEC) syndrome, xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), and hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy. In addition, genetic factors may interact with environmental risk factors in the development of several multifactorial ocular surface disorders (OSDs) such as autoimmune disorders, allergies, neoplasms, and dry eye disease. Advanced gene-based technologies have already been introduced in disease modelling and proof-of-concept gene therapies for monogenic OSDs. For instance, patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells have been used for modelling aniridia-associated keratopathy (AAK), XP, and EEC syndrome. Moreover, CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing has been used for disease modelling and/or gene therapy for AAK and Meesmann's epithelial corneal dystrophy. A better understanding of the role of genetic factors in OSDs may be helpful in designing personalized disease models and treatment approaches. Gene-based approaches in monogenic OSDs and genetic predisposition to multifactorial OSDs such as immune-mediated disorders and neoplasms with known or possible genetic risk factors has been seldom reviewed. In this narrative review, we discuss the role of genetic factors in monogenic and multifactorial OSDs and potential opportunities for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Roshandel
- Lions Eye Institute, Perth, WA, Australia; Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Farbod Semnani
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirmasoud Rayati Damavandi
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Masoudi
- Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alireza Baradaran-Rafii
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Ophthalmology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Stephanie L Watson
- The University of Sydney, Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - William H Morgan
- Lions Eye Institute, Perth, WA, Australia; Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Samuel McLenachan
- Lions Eye Institute, Perth, WA, Australia; Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
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