1
|
Osuchukwu OA, Salihi A, Ibrahim A, Audu AA, Makoyo M, Mohammed SA, Lawal MY, Etinosa PO, Isaac IO, Oni PG, Oginni OG, Obada DO. Weibull analysis of ceramics and related materials: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32495. [PMID: 39021991 PMCID: PMC11252889 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been realized throughout the years that an ideal combination of high toughness, hardness and strength is required in many engineering applications that need load-bearing capabilities. Ceramics and related materials have significant constraints for structural and particular non-structural applications due to their low toughness and limited strength while having substantially superior hardness than typical metallic materials. For example, hydroxyapatite (HAp) has gained attention for applications in orthopaedic implants, dental materials, drug delivery, etc. Researchers have continued to strive to produce HAp materials with reliable properties within the acceptable Weibull modulus (m) for load bearing. The Weibull analysis (WA) is a statistical analysis adopted widely in reliability applications to detect failure periods. Researchers have confirmed it to be an effective technique to get results on the reliability of materials at a moderately low rate with assured reliability of the material or component. This review summarizes the WA and the steps in the Weibull method for its reliability analysis to predict the failure rate of ceramics like HAp and other related materials. Also, the applications of WA for these materials were reviewed. From the review, it was discovered that Weibull distribution is proven to confer to the feeblest-link concept. For brittle materials, it was revealed that the Weibull Modulus ranges from 2 to 40, and environment, production processes, and comparative factors are well-thought-out contributing factors for reliability. In addition, the confidence interval can be up to 95 %. The frequently used technique for reliability valuation is to syndicate the Weibull statistics. Also, a very narrow distribution is desirable to offer the expected likelihood. Furthermore, when paired with trials, Monte Carlo simulations prove to be a very helpful tool for forecasting the dependability of different estimate techniques and their optimization. Finally, if the equivalent m is anticipated to be high, it signifies that the material has a high degree of homogeneity of properties and high reliability. WA can find application in predicting the dependability and lifetime of materials, making it widely utilized in engineering and other disciplines. It is especially useful for analysing data in which the likelihood of failure per unit of time varies over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Obinna Anayo Osuchukwu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bayero University, Kano, 700241, Nigeria
- Multifunctional Materials Laboratory, Shell Office Complex, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 810222, Nigeria
| | - Abdu Salihi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bayero University, Kano, 700241, Nigeria
| | - Abdullahi Ibrahim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bayero University, Kano, 700241, Nigeria
| | | | - Mahdi Makoyo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bayero University, Kano, 700241, Nigeria
| | | | - Mohammed Y. Lawal
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna, PMB 2109, Nigeria
| | - Precious Osayamen Etinosa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA
| | - Ibitoye Opeyemi Isaac
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA
| | - Peter Gbenga Oni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA
| | | | - David Olubiyi Obada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 810222, Nigeria
- Africa Centre of Excellence on New Pedagogies in Engineering Education, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 810222, Nigeria
- Multifunctional Materials Laboratory, Shell Office Complex, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 810222, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shivakumar M, Panchangam MK. Multi-response optimization of reinforcement parameters of aluminum alloy composites by Taguchi method and grey relational analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30183. [PMID: 38726129 PMCID: PMC11078870 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The present work describes the optimization of reinforcement parameters for hardness, thermal conductivity, and coefficient of thermal expansion while developing LM6 alloy/soda-lime glass particulate composite through Taguchi-based Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). Soda-lime glass particle weight % (1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 %), particle size (100, 150 and 300 μm) and pre-heat temperature (260, 380 and 500oC) are varied accordingly to explore the effect of reinforcement parameters on LM6 alloy/soda-lime glass composite properties. Composites are developed through stir casting based on the L9 Taguchi orthogonal array approach. The properties such as hardness, thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion of developed composites are assessed. Signal to Noise Ratios (S/N ratios) are calculated and used for the optimization of parameters. GRA is employed for multi-response optimization to find the levels of parameters that affect the desirable properties of the composite. Thus, the reinforcement parameters are optimized for attaining the combined objectives of higher hardness, higher thermal conductivity and lower coefficient of thermal expansion values considered in this investigation. The analysis shows that 4.5 wt %, particle size of 200 μm and pre-heat temperature of 380oC are optimal parameter levels. A confirmation test is carried out with the optimal parameter levels and the GRG value of 0.7778 is obtained. The GRG with the initial parameter settings is 0.4711, and the improvement of GRG is found to be 65.1 %. ANOVA is performed on GRG to find out significant parameters and the contribution of each parameter is identified. The wt.% of soda-lime glass is the most significant parameter and its contribution is 92.6 %.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M.R. Shivakumar
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, 560 054, Karnataka, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Avinashi SK, Shweta, Bohra B, Mishra RK, Kumari S, Fatima Z, Hussain A, Saxena B, Kumar S, Banerjee M, Gautam CR. Fabrication of Novel 3-D Nanocomposites of HAp-TiC-h-BN-ZrO 2: Enhanced Mechanical Performances and In Vivo Toxicity Study for Biomedical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:2116-2132. [PMID: 38498674 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Due to excellent biocompatibility, bioactivities, and osteoconductivity, hydroxyapatite (HAp) is considered as one of the most suitable biomaterials for numerous biomedical applications. Herein, HAp was fabricated using a bottom-up approach, i.e., a wet chemical method, and its composites with TiC, h-BN, and ZrO2 were fabricated by a solid-state reaction method with enhanced mechanical and biological performances. Structural, surface morphology, and mechanical behavior of the fabricated composites were characterized using various characterization techniques. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy study revealed a randomly oriented rod-like morphology, with the length and width of these nanorods ranging from 78 to 122 and from 9 to 13 nm. Moreover, the mechanical characterizations of the composite HZBT4 (80HAp-10TiC-5h-BN-5ZrO2) reveal a very high compressive strength (246 MPa), which is comparable to that of the steel (250 MPa), fracture toughness (14.78 MPa m1/2), and Young's modulus (1.02 GPa). In order to check the biocompatibility of the composites, numerous biological tests were also performed on different body organs of healthy adult Sprague-Dawley rats. This study suggests that the composite HZBT4 could not reveal any significant influence on the hematological, serum biochemical, and histopathological parameters. Hence, the fabricated composite can be used for several biological applications, such as bone implants, bone grafting, and bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarvesh Kumar Avinashi
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Shweta
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Bhavna Bohra
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G. Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, India
| | - Rajat Kumar Mishra
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Savita Kumari
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Zaireen Fatima
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
- Department of Physics, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Ajaz Hussain
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Bhagawati Saxena
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G. Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Monisha Banerjee
- Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Chandki Ram Gautam
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Osuchukwu OA, Salihi A, Abdullahi I, Abdulkareem B, Salami KA, Osayamen Etinosa P, Nwigbo SC, Mohammed SA, Obada DO. A pedagogical approach for the development and optimization of a novel mix of biowastes-derived hydroxyapatite using the Box-Behnken experimental design. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23092. [PMID: 38187329 PMCID: PMC10770532 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study details the creation of synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) using a combination of catfish and bovine bones (C&B). This is done to design the optimum processing parameters and consolidate instructional strategies to develop HAp scaffolds for biomedical engineering. The HAp produced from the novel mix of the biogenic materials (C&B) was through calcination and supported with the sol-gel technique, sintering, and low-cold compaction pressure. The ideal preparation conditions were identified with the aid of the Box-Behnken statistical design in response surface methodology. To understand the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the formulation, analytical studies on the synthesized HAp were carried out. To establish a substantial relation between the physicomechanical properties of the produced HAp scaffolds, three parameters- sintering temperature, compaction loads, and holding times were used. In the evaluation, the sintering temperature was found to have the greatest impact on the material's physicomechanical properties, with compressive strength (13 MPa), porosity (49.45 %), and elastic modulus (2.216 GPa) being the most enhanced properties in that order. The physicomechanical characteristics of the HAp scaffolds were at their optimal at 900 °C, 1 h 18 min of holding time, and 311.73 Pa of compaction pressure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results showed that powders with a dominant HAp phase were produced at all runs, including the optimum run. Therefore, using a computationally effective methodology that is helpful for novelties in biomedical engineering education, this study demonstrates the optimal process for the synthesis of a novel matrix bone-derived HAp, showing the most significant relations liable for manufacturing medically suitable HAp scaffolds from the mixture of bovine and catfish bones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Obinna Anayo Osuchukwu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bayero University, Kano, 700241, Kano State, Nigeria
- Multifunctional Materials Laboratory, Shell Chair Office in Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 810222, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Abdu Salihi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bayero University, Kano, 700241, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim Abdullahi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bayero University, Kano, 700241, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Bello Abdulkareem
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bayero University, Kano, 700241, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Kazeem Adeniyi Salami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 810222, Kaduna State, Nigeria
- Multifunctional Materials Laboratory, Shell Chair Office in Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 810222, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Precious Osayamen Etinosa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| | - Solomon C Nwigbo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, 420007, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | | | - David Olubiyi Obada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 810222, Kaduna State, Nigeria
- Multifunctional Materials Laboratory, Shell Chair Office in Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 810222, Kaduna State, Nigeria
- Africa Centre of Excellence on New Pedagogies in Engineering Education, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 810222, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|