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Dadeh Amirfard K, Moriyama M, Suzuki S, Sano D. Effect of environmental factors on conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in aquatic settings. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae129. [PMID: 38830804 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial-resistance genes (ARGs) are spread among bacteria by horizontal gene transfer, however, the effect of environmental factors on the dynamics of the ARG in water environments has not been very well understood. In this systematic review, we employed the regression tree algorithm to identify the environmental factors that facilitate/inhibit the transfer of ARGs via conjugation in planktonic/biofilm-formed bacterial cells based on the results of past relevant research. Escherichia coli strains were the most studied genus for conjugation experiments as donor/recipient in the intra-genera category. Conversely, Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., and Salmonella spp. were studied primarily as recipients across inter-genera bacteria. The conjugation efficiency (ce) was found to be highly dependent on the incubation period. Some antibiotics, such as nitrofurantoin (at ≥0.2 µg ml-1) and kanamycin (at ≥9.5 mg l-1) as well as metallic compounds like mercury (II) chloride (HgCl2, ≥3 µmol l-1), and vanadium (III) chloride (VCl3, ≥50 µmol l-1) had enhancing effect on conjugation. The highest ce value (-0.90 log10) was achieved at 15°C-19°C, with linoleic acid concentrations <8 mg l-1, a recognized conjugation inhibitor. Identifying critical environmental factors affecting ARG dissemination in aquatic environments will accelerate strategies to control their proliferation and combat antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katayoun Dadeh Amirfard
- Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Momoko Moriyama
- Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Satoru Suzuki
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Bunkyōchō 2-5, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sano
- Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
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Raro OHF, Poirel L, Nordmann P. Effect of Zinc Oxide and Copper Sulfate on Antibiotic Resistance Plasmid Transfer in Escherichia coli. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2880. [PMID: 38138025 PMCID: PMC10745819 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals such as zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) may be associated with antibiotic resistance dissemination. Our aim was to investigate whether sub-lethal dosage of Zn and Cu may enhance plasmid transfer and subsequently resistance genes dissemination. Plasmid conjugation frequencies (PCF) were performed with Escherichia coli strains bearing IncL-blaOXA-48, IncA/C-blaCMY-2, IncI1-blaCTX-M-1, IncF-blaCTX-M-1, and IncX3-blaNDM-5 as donors. Mating-out assays were performed with sub-dosages of zinc oxide (ZnO) and Cu sulfate (CuSO4). Quantification of the SOS response-associated gene expression levels and of the production of reactive oxygen species were determined. Increased PCF was observed for IncL, IncA/C, and IncX3 when treated with ZnO. PCF was only increased for IncL when treated with CuSO4. The ROS production presented an overall positive correlation with PCF after treatment with ZnO for IncL, IncA/C, and IncX3. For CuSO4 treatment, the same was observed only for IncL. No increase was observed for expression of SOS response-associated genes under CuSO4 treatment, and under ZnO treatment, we observed an increase in SOS response-associated genes only for IncX3. Our data showed that sub-dosages of ZnO and CuSO4 could significantly enhance PCF in E. coli, with a more marked effect observed with IncL, IncA/C, and IncX3 scaffolds. Our study suggested that use of certain heavy metals is not the panacea for avoiding use of antibiotics in order to prevent the dissemination of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otávio Hallal Ferreira Raro
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 18, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (O.H.F.R.); (P.N.)
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 18, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (O.H.F.R.); (P.N.)
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Nordmann
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 18, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (O.H.F.R.); (P.N.)
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Institute for Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Zhu S, Yang B, Wang Z, Liu Y. Augmented dissemination of antibiotic resistance elicited by non-antibiotic factors. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115124. [PMID: 37327521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and rapid spread of antibiotic resistance seriously compromise the clinical efficacy of current antibiotic therapies, representing a serious public health threat worldwide. Generally, drug-susceptible bacteria can acquire antibiotic resistance through genetic mutation or gene transfer, among which horizontal gene transfer (HGT) plays a dominant role. It is widely acknowledged that the sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics are the key drivers in promoting the transmission of antibiotic resistance. However, accumulating evidence in recent years has shown that in addition to antibiotics, non-antibiotics can also accelerate the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Nevertheless, the roles and potential mechanisms of non-antibiotic factors in the transmission of ARGs remain largely underestimated. In this review, we depict the four pathways of HGT and their differences, including conjugation, transformation, transduction and vesiduction. We summarize non-antibiotic factors accounting for the enhanced horizontal transfer of ARGs and their underlying molecular mechanisms. Finally, we discuss the limitations and implications of current studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingqing Yang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuan Liu
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Ekhlas D, Sanjuán JMO, Manzanilla EG, Leonard FC, Argüello H, Burgess CM. Comparison of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli isolated from Irish commercial pig farms with and without zinc oxide and antimicrobial usage. Gut Pathog 2023; 15:8. [PMID: 36829209 PMCID: PMC9951511 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-023-00534-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prophylactic use of antimicrobials and zinc oxide (ZnO) in pig production was prohibited by the European Union in 2022 due to potential associations between antimicrobial and heavy metal usage with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and concerns regarding environmental pollution. However, the effects of their usage on the bacterial AMR profiles on commercial pig farms are still not fully understood and previous studies examining the effect of ZnO have reported contrasting findings. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of antimicrobial and ZnO usage on AMR on commercial pig farms. Faecal and environmental samples were taken on 10 Irish commercial farms, of which 5 farms regularly used ZnO and antimicrobials (amoxicillin or sulphadiazine-trimethoprim) for the prevention of disease. The other 5 farms did not use ZnO or any other form of prophylaxis. Escherichia coli numbers were quantified from all samples using non-supplemented and supplemented Tryptone Bile X-glucuronide agar. RESULTS In total 351 isolates were phenotypically analysed, and the genomes of 44 AmpC/ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from 4 farms were characterised using whole-genome sequencing. Phenotypic analysis suggested higher numbers of multi-drug resistant (MDR) E. coli isolates on farms using prophylaxis. Furthermore, farms using prophylaxis were associated with higher numbers of isolates resistant to apramycin, trimethoprim, tetracycline, streptomycin, and chloramphenicol, while resistance to ciprofloxacin was more associated with farms not using any prophylaxis. Thirty-four of the 44 AmpC/ESBL-producing E. coli strains harboured the blaCTX-M-1 resistance gene and were multi drug resistant (MDR). Moreover, network analysis of plasmids and analysis of integrons showed that antimicrobial and biocide resistance genes were frequently co-located on mobile genetic elements, indicating the possibility for co-selection during antimicrobial or biocide usage as a contributor to AMR occurrence and persistence on farms. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed evidence that antimicrobial and ZnO treatment of pigs post-weaning can favour the selection and development of AMR and MDR E. coli. Co-location of resistance genes on mobile genetic elements was observed. This study demonstrated the usefulness of phenotypic and genotypic detection of antimicrobial resistance by combining sequencing and microbiological methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ekhlas
- grid.6435.40000 0001 1512 9569Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.6435.40000 0001 1512 9569Pig Development Department, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork Ireland
| | - Juan M. Ortiz Sanjuán
- grid.6435.40000 0001 1512 9569Pig Development Department, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork Ireland ,grid.411901.c0000 0001 2183 9102Grupo de Genómica Y Mejora Animal, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Edgar G. Manzanilla
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.6435.40000 0001 1512 9569Pig Development Department, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork Ireland
| | - Finola C. Leonard
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Héctor Argüello
- grid.4807.b0000 0001 2187 3167Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Catherine M. Burgess
- grid.6435.40000 0001 1512 9569Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
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