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Davis AM, Rawson R, Pahn G, Daly J, Marks DC. Platelets retain function and can be stored following disruption of human leucocyte antigens. Vox Sang 2024; 119:675-685. [PMID: 38596985 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Antibodies to human leucocyte antigen (HLA) Class-I antigens can lead to refractoriness to platelet transfusion. Although this can be overcome by transfusion of HLA-compatible platelets, they are not always available. Disruption of HLA antigens on platelets by acid treatment may be a suitable alternative when no other components are available. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of HLA disruption and subsequent storage of platelet components. MATERIALS AND METHODS Platelet components were treated with 0.9% saline or citric acid solution (pH 3.0), and then stored until expiry (Day 7). HLA and platelet glycoprotein expression, platelet viability, activation and sialylation were measured by flow cytometry. Release of soluble factors was measured by ELISA and metabolism by biochemistry analyser. Reactivity to patient anti-sera containing anti-HLA antibodies was measured using platelet immunofluorescence tests (PIFTs) and monoclonal antibody immobilization of platelet antigen (MAIPA) assays. Platelet function was measured using aggregometry and thromboelastography (TEG). RESULTS Acid treatment reduced detection of HLA Class-I on platelets by 75%, with significant reductions in reactivity to patient anti-sera. Acid treatment reduced platelet content and viability, increased platelet activation and accelerated metabolism. Glycan cleavage was increased by acid treatment. Treatment reduced platelet activation following agonist stimulation by ADP and TRAP-6, but platelets remained functional, displaying increased aggregation response and reduced time to clot formation by TEG. CONCLUSION Although HLA disruption had some detrimental effects, acid-treated platelets remained functional, retaining their capacity to respond to agonists and form clots, and with further development could be used to support refractory patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- April M Davis
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Research and Development, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Renée Rawson
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Research and Development, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gail Pahn
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Transplantation and Immunogenetics, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - James Daly
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Pathology and Clinical Governance, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Denese C Marks
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Research and Development, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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2
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Rak-Pasikowska A, Hałucha K, Sapa-Wojciechowska A, Wrzyszcz A, Gałuszka W, Pęcak-Solińska A, Bil-Lula I. The Effect of Leukocyte Removal and Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition on Platelet Storage Lesions. Cells 2024; 13:506. [PMID: 38534349 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The reasons for unfavorable changes in platelet concentrate (PC) quality during storage are not fully understood yet. We aimed to evaluate whether leukocytes and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) lead to a decrease in the quality of PCs and examine whether MMP inhibition will slow down the platelets' aging. Nine PCs were divided into three parts: (1) leukocyte-depleted (F) PCs, (2) PCs with no additional procedures (NF), and (3) PCs with the addition of an MMP inhibitor-doxycycline (D). Each PC was stored for 144 h, and a sample for testing was separated from each part on the day of preparation and after 24, 48, 72 and 144 h of storage. Blood morphological analysis, platelet aggregation, and the expression of activation markers were evaluated. MMP-2 and MMP-9 concentration, activity, and gene expression were assessed. Platelet aggregation decreased, and platelet activation marker expression increased during the storage. D concentrates showed the lowest level of platelet activation. In turn, leukocyte-depleted PCs showed the highest level of platelet activation in general. MMP-9 platelet activity was higher in leukocyte-containing concentrates at the end of the storage period. We concluded that the filtration process leads to a higher platelet activation level. The presence of doxycycline in PCs reduces the expression of the activation markers as compared to leukocyte-depleted concentrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Rak-Pasikowska
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A St., 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kornela Hałucha
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A St., 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
- Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmonology and Hematology Center, 12 Hirszfeld Square, 53-413 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sapa-Wojciechowska
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A St., 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aneta Wrzyszcz
- Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmonology and Hematology Center, 12 Hirszfeld Square, 53-413 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wioletta Gałuszka
- Professor Tadeusz Dorobisz Regional Centre for Blood Donation and Haemotherapy in Wrocław, Red Cross 5/9 St., 50-345 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Pęcak-Solińska
- Professor Tadeusz Dorobisz Regional Centre for Blood Donation and Haemotherapy in Wrocław, Red Cross 5/9 St., 50-345 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Iwona Bil-Lula
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A St., 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
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3
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Thomas S, Kelliher S, Krishnan A. Heterogeneity of platelets and their responses. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2024; 8:102356. [PMID: 38666061 PMCID: PMC11043642 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There has been increasing recognition of heterogeneity in blood platelets and their responses, particularly in recent years, where next-generation technologies and advanced bioinformatic tools that interrogate "big data" have enabled large-scale studies of RNA and protein expression across a growing list of disease states. However, pioneering platelet biologists and clinicians were already hypothesizing upon and investigating heterogeneity in platelet (and megakaryocyte) activity and platelet metabolism and aggregation over half a century ago. Building on their foundational hypotheses, in particular Professor Marian A. Packham's pioneering work and a State of the Art lecture in her memoriam at the 2023 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress by Anandi Krishnan, this review outlines the key features that contribute to the heterogeneity of platelets between and within individuals. Starting with important epidemiologic factors, we move stepwise through successively smaller scales down to heterogeneity revealed by single-cell technologies in health and disease. We hope that this overview will urge future scientific and clinical studies to recognize and account for heterogeneity of platelets and aim to apply methods that capture that heterogeneity. Finally, we summarize other exciting new data presented on this topic at the 2023 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Thomas
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, National Health Services, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sarah Kelliher
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anandi Krishnan
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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4
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Rohlfing AK, Kremser M, Schaale D, Dicenta-Baunach V, Laspa Z, Fu X, Zizmare L, Sigle M, Harm T, Münzer P, Pelzer A, Borst O, Trautwein C, Feil R, Müller K, Castor T, Lämmerhofer M, Gawaz MP. cGMP modulates hemin-mediated platelet death. Thromb Res 2024; 234:63-74. [PMID: 38171216 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hemolysis is a known risk factor for thrombosis resulting in critical limb ischemia and microcirculatory disturbance and organ failure. Intravasal hemolysis may lead to life-threatening complications due to uncontrolled thrombo-inflammation. Until now, conventional antithrombotic therapies failed to control development and progression of these thrombotic events. Thus, the pathophysiology of these thrombotic events needs to be investigated to unravel underlying pathways and thereby identify targets for novel treatment strategies. METHODS Here we used classical experimental set-ups as well as high-end flow cytometry, metabolomics and lipidomic analysis to in-depth analyze the effects of hemin on platelet physiology and morphology. RESULTS Hemin does strongly and swiftly induce platelet activation and this process is modulated by the sGC-cGMP-cGKI signaling axis. cGMP modulation also reduced the pro-aggregatory potential of plasma derived from patients with hemolysis. Furthermore, hemin-induced platelet death evokes distinct platelet subpopulations. Typical cell death markers, such as ROS, were induced by hemin-stimulation and the platelet lipidome was specifically altered by high hemin concentration. Specifically, arachidonic acid derivates, such as PGE2, TXB2 or 12-HHT, were significantly increased. Balancing the cGMP levels by modulation of the sGC-cGMP-cGKI axis diminished the ferroptotic effect of hemin. CONCLUSION We found that cGMP modulates hemin-induced platelet activation and thrombus formation in vitro and cGMP effects hemin-mediated platelet death and changes in the platelet lipidome. Thus, it is tempting to speculate that modulating platelet cGMP levels may be a novel strategy to control thrombosis and critical limb ischemia in patients with hemolytic crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Katrin Rohlfing
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Marcel Kremser
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Schaale
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Valerie Dicenta-Baunach
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Zoi Laspa
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Xiaoqing Fu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Laimdota Zizmare
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department for Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, University Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Manuel Sigle
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Tobias Harm
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Patrick Münzer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; DFG Heisenberg Group Cardiovascular Thrombo-inflammation and Translational Thrombocardiology, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Andreas Pelzer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; DFG Heisenberg Group Cardiovascular Thrombo-inflammation and Translational Thrombocardiology, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Christoph Trautwein
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department for Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, University Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 34, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Karin Müller
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Tatsiana Castor
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Michael Lämmerhofer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Meinrad P Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Gavioli G, Razzoli A, Bedolla DE, Di Bartolomeo E, Quartieri E, Iotti B, Berni P, Birarda G, Vaccari L, Schiroli D, Marraccini C, Baricchi R, Merolle L. Cryopreservation affects platelet macromolecular composition over time after thawing and differently impacts on cancer cells behavior in vitro. Platelets 2023; 34:2281943. [PMID: 38010129 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2023.2281943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreservation affects platelets' function, questioning their use for cancer patients. We aimed to investigate the biochemical events that occur over time after thawing to optimize transfusion timing and evaluate the effect of platelet supernatants on tumor cell behavior in vitro. We compared fresh (Fresh-PLT) with Cryopreserved platelets (Cryo-PLT) at 1 h, 3 h and 6 h after thawing. MCF-7 and HL-60 cells were cultured with Fresh- or 1 h Cryo-PLT supernatants to investigate cell proliferation, migration, and PLT-cell adhesion. We noticed a significant impairment of hemostatic activity accompanied by a post-thaw decrease of CD42b+ , which identifies the CD62P--population. FTIR spectroscopy revealed a decrease in the total protein content together with changes in their conformational structure, which identified two sub-groups: 1) Fresh and 1 h Cryo-PLT; 2) 3 h and 6 h cryo-PLT. Extracellular vesicle shedding and phosphatidylserine externalization (PS) increased after thawing. Cryo-PLT supernatants inhibited cell proliferation, impaired MCF-7 cell migration, and reduced ability to adhere to tumor cells. Within the first 3 hours after thawing, irreversible alterations of biomolecular structure occur in Cryo-PLT. Nevertheless, Cryo-PLT should be considered safe for the transfusion of cancer patients because of their insufficient capability to promote cancer cell proliferation, adhesion, or migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Gavioli
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Agnese Razzoli
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Diana E Bedolla
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, Basovizza, Italy
- Molecular Pathology Lab, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Area Science Park, Trieste, Italy
- Center for Biospectroscopy and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Eleonora Quartieri
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Barbara Iotti
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Pamela Berni
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Lisa Vaccari
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, Basovizza, Italy
| | - Davide Schiroli
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Chiara Marraccini
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Roberto Baricchi
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Lucia Merolle
- AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Transfusion Medicine Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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6
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Ehn K, Wikman A, Uhlin M, Sandgren P. Cryopreserved Platelets in a Non-Toxic DMSO-Free Solution Maintain Hemostatic Function In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13097. [PMID: 37685902 PMCID: PMC10488190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is regularly used as a cryoprotectant agent for the cryopreservation of platelets. However, DMSO is considered toxic. We therefore hypothesized that saline could be used as a non-toxic medium for the cryopreservation of platelets. Double-dose buffy coat platelets (n = 10) were divided and cryopreserved at -80 °C using 5-6% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or in NaCl (9 mg/mL). Paired testing was conducted pre-freeze, post-thaw (PT 1 h). Upon analysis, each bag was thawed and reconstituted in fresh plasma. Analyses included cell counts and the metabolic, phenotypic, and functional properties of the platelets together with thromboelastometry. The cryopreserved platelets showed several biochemical and ultrastructural changes compared to pre-freezing. Platelet recovery was approximately 17% higher in DMSO-free units (p < 0.001), but the platelet viability was reduced (p < 0.001). However, using controlled freezing (n = 6), the platelet viability was improved. The clot formation time (CFT) was comparable, but DMSO-free platelets showed slightly decreased maximum clot firmness (MCF) (p = 0.034). By reducing the reconstituted plasma volume, a reduced CFT and increased MCF were obtained (p < 0.001). This study demonstrates that platelets can be cryopreserved in saline without the addition of DMSO, with high recovery and maintained hemostatic function. However, controlled freezing is required to optimize platelet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Ehn
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine (KITM), Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.W.); (M.U.); (P.S.)
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Agneta Wikman
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine (KITM), Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.W.); (M.U.); (P.S.)
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Michael Uhlin
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine (KITM), Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.W.); (M.U.); (P.S.)
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Per Sandgren
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine (KITM), Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.W.); (M.U.); (P.S.)
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
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7
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Cacic D, Hervig T, Reikvam H. Platelets for advanced drug delivery in cancer. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:673-688. [PMID: 37212640 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2217378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer-related drug expenses are rising with the increasing cancer incidence and cost may represent a severe challenge for drug access for patients with cancer. Consequently, strategies for increasing therapeutic efficacy of already available drugs may be essential for the future health-care system. AREAS COVERED In this review, we have investigated the potential for the use of platelets as drug-delivery systems. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar to identify relevant papers written in English and published up to January 2023. Papers were included at the authors' discretion to reflect an overview of state of the art. EXPERT OPINION It is known that cancer cells interact with platelets to gain functional advantages including immune evasion and metastasis development. This platelet-cancer interaction has been the inspiration for numerous platelet-based drug delivery systems using either drug-loaded or drug-bound platelets, or platelet membrane-containing hybrid vesicles combining platelet membranes with synthetic nanocarriers. Compared to treatment with free drug or synthetic drug vectors, these strategies may improve pharmacokinetics and selective cancer cell targeting. There are multiple studies showing improved therapeutic efficacy using animal models, however, no platelet-based drug delivery systems have been tested in humans, meaning the clinical relevance of this technology remains uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cacic
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tor Hervig
- Irish Blood Transfusion Service, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Håkon Reikvam
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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