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Hanifeh M, Huhtinen M, Sclivagnotis YS, Lyhs U, Grönthal T, Spillmann T. Adhesion of Bacteroides vulgatus and Fusobacterium varium to the Colonic Mucosa of Healthy Beagles. Vet Sci 2024; 11:319. [PMID: 39058003 PMCID: PMC11281516 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11070319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria phyla have been reported to be decreased in dogs with chronic enteropathies. In colitis, obligate anaerobes (e.g., Bacteroides and Fusobacterium) are likely to vanish in response to the heightened oxidative stress in the colon's inflammatory environment. The ability to adhere to the colonic mucosa is viewed as an essential step for obligate anaerobic bacteria to colonize and subsequently interact with the host's epithelium and immune system. The reintroduction of a balanced community of obligate anaerobic bacteria using probiotics can restore the microbial function in the intestine. We found no studies on dogs regarding the adhesion properties of Bacteriodes vulgatus and Fusobacterium varium on paraffin-embedded canine colonic mucosa. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate the adhesion capacities of these two bacterial species to paraffin-embedded colonic mucosa from healthy dogs. Additionally, we investigated their hydrophobicity properties to determine whether differences in adhesion capability can be explained by this factor. The results of our study showed that B. vulgatus adhered significantly lower than F. varium to the canine colonic mucosa (p = 0.002); however, B. vulgatus showed higher hydrophobicity (46.1%) than F. varium (12.6%). In conclusion, both bacteria have potential as probiotics, but further studies will be required to determine the efficacy and safety of the strains to be used, which strains to use, and the reasons other than hydrophobicity for attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Hanifeh
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Viikintie 49, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (T.G.); (T.S.)
| | - Mirja Huhtinen
- Orion Corporation, Orion Pharma, R&D, Orionintie 1A, 02200 Espoo, Finland; (M.H.); (Y.S.S.); (U.L.)
| | - Yannes S. Sclivagnotis
- Orion Corporation, Orion Pharma, R&D, Orionintie 1A, 02200 Espoo, Finland; (M.H.); (Y.S.S.); (U.L.)
| | - Ulrike Lyhs
- Orion Corporation, Orion Pharma, R&D, Orionintie 1A, 02200 Espoo, Finland; (M.H.); (Y.S.S.); (U.L.)
| | - Thomas Grönthal
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Viikintie 49, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (T.G.); (T.S.)
| | - Thomas Spillmann
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Viikintie 49, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (T.G.); (T.S.)
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Zhang Y, He X, Mo X, Wu H, Zhao D. Similarities and differences: species and diet impact gut microbiota of captive pheasants. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16979. [PMID: 38560462 PMCID: PMC10979745 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The fecal microbiota plays an important role in maintaining animal health and is closely related to host life activities. In recent years, there have been an increasing number of studies on the fecal microbiota from birds. An exploration of the effects of species and living environments on the composition of gut microbiota will provide better protection for wildlife. In this study, non-injury sampling and 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing were used to investigate the bacterial composition and diversity of the fecal microbiota in silver pheasants (Lophura nycthemera) and golden pheasants (Chrysolophus pictus) from Tianjin Zoo and Beijing Wildlife Park. The results showed that the abundance of Firmicutes was the highest in all fecal samples. At the genus level, Bacteroides was the common dominant bacteria, while there were some differences in other dominant bacteria genera. There were significant differences in fecal microbial composition between the golden pheasants from Tianjin Zoo and Beijing Wildlife Park. The metabolic analysis and functional prediction suggested that the gut microbiota composition and host metabolism were influenced by dietary interventions and living conditions. The results of this study provide the basis for further research of intestinal microbial of L. nycthemera and C. pictus, and valuable insights for conservation of related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuo Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuhong Mo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dapeng Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
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Álvarez-Pérez S, Rodríguez-Franco F, García-Sancho M, Tercero-Guerrero D, Sainz Á, García ME, Blanco JL. Analysis of the culturable gut yeast microbiota of dogs with digestive disorders. Res Vet Sci 2024; 168:105153. [PMID: 38219470 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Despite the increasing interest in studying the gut mycobiota of dogs, the association between fungal colonization and the development of digestive disorders in this species remains largely understudied. On the other hand, the high prevalence of antifungal-resistant yeasts detected in previous studies in samples from animals represents a major threat to public health. We analyzed the presence of culturable yeasts in 112 rectal swab samples obtained from dogs with digestive disorders attended in a veterinary teaching hospital. Our results revealed that Malassezia pachydermatis was frequently isolated from the studied dog population (33.9% of samples), and that the isolation of this yeast was significantly associated to the age of animals, but not to their sex, disease group, or the presence of vomits and/or diarrhea. In contrast, other yeast species were less prevalent (17.9% of samples in total), and their isolation was not significantly associated to any variable included in the analysis. Additionally, we observed that 97.5% of the studied M. pachydermatis isolates (n = 158, 1-6 per positive episode) displayed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value >4 μg/ml to nystatin, 31.6% had a MIC ≥32 μg/ml to fluconazole, and 27.2% had a MIC >4 μg/ml to amphotericin B. The antifungal susceptibility profiles of non-Malassezia (n = 43, 1-7 per episode) were more variable and included elevated MIC values for some antifungal-species combinations. These results confirm that the intestine of dogs is a reservoir of opportunistic pathogenic yeasts and suggest that the prevalence of M. pachydermatis colonization depends more on the age of animals than on any specific digestive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Álvarez-Pérez
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain; Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Franco
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain; Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Mercedes García-Sancho
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain; Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Daniela Tercero-Guerrero
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Ángel Sainz
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain; Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Marta E García
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain; Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - José L Blanco
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain; Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
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Pratscher B, Kuropka B, Csukovich G, Doulidis PG, Spirk K, Kramer N, Freund P, Rodríguez-Rojas A, Burgener IA. Traces of Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Reflected by Intestinal Organoids. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:576. [PMID: 38203746 PMCID: PMC10778911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects humans and several domestic animal species, including cats and dogs. In this study, we have analyzed duodenal organoids derived from canine IBD patients using quantitative proteomics. Our objective was to investigate whether these organoids show phenotypic traits of the disease compared with control organoids obtained from healthy donors. To this aim, IBD and control organoids were subjected to quantitative proteomics analysis via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The obtained data revealed notable differences between the two groups. The IBD organoids exhibited several alterations at the levels of multiple proteins that are consistent with some known IBD alterations. The observed phenotype in the IBD organoids to some degree mirrors the corresponding intestinal condition, rendering them a compelling approach for investigating the disease and advancing drug exploration. Additionally, our study revealed similarities to some human IBD biomarkers, further emphasizing the translational and comparative value of dogs for future investigations related to the causes and treatment of IBD. Relevant proteins such as CALU, FLNA, MSN and HMGA2, which are related to intestinal diseases, were all upregulated in the IBD duodenal organoids. At the same time, other proteins such as intestinal keratins and the mucosal immunity PIGR were depleted in these IBD organoids. Based on these findings, we propose that these organoids could serve as a valuable tool for evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic interventions against canine IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pratscher
- Clinic for Small Animals, Division for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department for Small Animal and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (B.P.); (G.C.); (P.G.D.); (K.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Benno Kuropka
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Georg Csukovich
- Clinic for Small Animals, Division for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department for Small Animal and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (B.P.); (G.C.); (P.G.D.); (K.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Pavlos G. Doulidis
- Clinic for Small Animals, Division for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department for Small Animal and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (B.P.); (G.C.); (P.G.D.); (K.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Katrin Spirk
- Clinic for Small Animals, Division for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department for Small Animal and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (B.P.); (G.C.); (P.G.D.); (K.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Nina Kramer
- Clinic for Small Animals, Division for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department for Small Animal and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (B.P.); (G.C.); (P.G.D.); (K.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Patricia Freund
- Clinic for Small Animals, Division for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department for Small Animal and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (B.P.); (G.C.); (P.G.D.); (K.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Alexandro Rodríguez-Rojas
- Clinic for Small Animals, Division for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department for Small Animal and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (B.P.); (G.C.); (P.G.D.); (K.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Iwan A. Burgener
- Clinic for Small Animals, Division for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department for Small Animal and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (B.P.); (G.C.); (P.G.D.); (K.S.); (P.F.)
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Mao A, Zhao W, Zhu Y, Kong F, Chen D, Si H, Xu C. Gut Bacterial Community Determines the Therapeutic Effect of Ginsenoside on Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Modulating the Colonic Mucosal Barrier. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2616. [PMID: 38004628 PMCID: PMC10672857 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises systemic inflammatory conditions primarily affecting the gastrointestinal tract, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. This research aims to analyze the clinical symptoms and pathogenesis of a Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced canine IBD model and evaluate the restorative effect of ginsenoside from a pathogenesis perspective. We established the DSS-induced canine IBD model and studied the pathological mechanisms. Additionally, we examined the therapeutic effect of ginsenosides by assessing the Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index (CIBDAI), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, colonic tissue morphology, protein expression, and mucosal bacterial community analysis. Our findings revealed a total ginsenoside content of 22.7% in the ginsenoside extract. Animal experiments demonstrated that dogs with IBD exhibited decreased mental state, significantly increased CIBDAI and CRP levels, disrupted colonic epithelial tissue structure, decreased expression of mucin, tight junctions, and adherens junctions, as well as reduced diversity of the colonic mucosal bacterial community. Furthermore, correlation analysis highlighted a total of 38 bacterial strains correlated with physiological indices. Significantly, ginsenoside treatment could improve these symptoms and reverse the relative abundance of some bacterial communities. In conclusion, alterations in the properties of the colonic mucus layer or the reduction in MUC2, its core component, in dogs with IBD can lead to bacterial penetration of the mucus layer and subsequent contact with intestinal epithelial cells, resulting in inflammation. Remarkably, ginsenoside intervention showcased the capacity to positively influence the relative abundance of bacteria and impact the colonic mucus layer properties, thereby offering promising prospects for IBD management and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aipeng Mao
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Research Center for Microbial Feed Engineering of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Innovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Changchun 130112, China; (A.M.); (W.Z.); (F.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Weigang Zhao
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Research Center for Microbial Feed Engineering of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Innovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Changchun 130112, China; (A.M.); (W.Z.); (F.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Yuhang Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Fantao Kong
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Research Center for Microbial Feed Engineering of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Innovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Changchun 130112, China; (A.M.); (W.Z.); (F.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Danyang Chen
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Research Center for Microbial Feed Engineering of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Innovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Changchun 130112, China; (A.M.); (W.Z.); (F.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Huazhe Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Chao Xu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Research Center for Microbial Feed Engineering of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Innovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Changchun 130112, China; (A.M.); (W.Z.); (F.K.); (D.C.)
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Castañeda S, Ariza G, Rincón-Riveros A, Muñoz M, Ramírez JD. Diet-induced changes in fecal microbiota composition and diversity in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris): A comparative study of BARF-type and commercial diets. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 98:102007. [PMID: 37356167 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.102007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet is known to strongly modulate the composition of the gut microbiota, thereby affecting health conditions and disease. Natural BARF-type and commercial diets have been used for feeding pets (e.g. dogs and cats) promoting changes in the canine microbiota in terms of abundance, richness, and diversity that may favor certain metabolic processes and resistance to certain infectious agents. Therefore, the present study sought to identify microbiota changes in dogs fed with a BARF-type diet versus dogs fed with a commercial diet by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. METHODS The microbiota of dogs fed with the BARF-diet (n = 20) and commercial-diet (n = 26) was studied using fecal samples. A metabarcoding strategy was employed by sequencing the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina HiSeq platform. DADA2 was used to assess the quality profile of the reads and to determine the core sample inference algorithm of the reads to infer amplicon sequence variants (ASVs). The taxonomic assignment was performed using sequences from the Silva v138 formatted reference database. The microbial diversity analysis was performed using the R package Phyloseq, which was used to calculate diversity and abundance indices and construct the respective graphs. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size analysis (LEfSe) was used to identify the differentially abundant taxa in the BARF group versus the commercial-diet group. RESULTS The diet causes changes in fecal microbiota composition and diversity, with richness and diversity being higher in BARF-fed dogs. Beta diversity analyses confirmed that diet is directly related to microbiota composition regardless of breed or sex. Differentially enriched taxa were identified in each of the diets as Fusobacterium, Bacteroides, and Clostridium perfringens in BARF-fed dogs and Prevotella, Turicibacter, Faecalibacterium, and Peptacetobacter (Clostridium) hiranonis, mostly relevant in carbohydrate metabolism, in commercial-fed dogs. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first one carried out in dogs from Colombia that seeks to identify changes in the intestinal microbiota concerning natural BARF type diet and commercial diet using a metabarcoding approach. Important differences were identified in terms of richness, diversity, and differentially enriched bacteria in each of the diets. The microbiota of dogs fed the BARF diet was characterized by higher richness and diversity compared to the commercial diet. However, it was identified that BARF-fed dogs can potentially acquire more opportunistic infections by pathogens of importance such as C. perfringens. Most of the taxa enriched in commercial diet-fed dogs are linked to carbohydrate metabolism, which may be directly related to diet composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Castañeda
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gineth Ariza
- Grupo de Investigación REMA, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andres Rincón-Riveros
- Grupo de Investigación REMA, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marina Muñoz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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