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Abbas N, Shatanawi W, Hasan F, Mustafa Z. Thermal analysis of radiative Sutterby nanofluid flow over stretching curved surface. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34056. [PMID: 39071661 PMCID: PMC11277362 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
In this analysis, Sutterby fluid model over a curved surface is considered. The main mechanisms that contribute to the improvement of the convection characteristics of the nanofluid are categorized as Brownian motion and thermophoresis. The radiation and slip mechanism have been studied at curved stretchable surface. The suction/injection impacts also studied. The partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equations through transformations. The numerical solution of the specified mathematical model is obtained using the built-in bvp4c tool in MATLAB. The effects of various parameters related to the system of ordinary differential equations are illustrated in the graphs. The influence of some intended parameters through the physical quantities are presented through tabular form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Abbas
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasfi Shatanawi
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, P.O Box 330127, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Fady Hasan
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zead Mustafa
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, P.O Box 330127, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
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2
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Alharbi KAM, Riaz A, Sikandar S. An entropy model for Carreau nanofluid ciliary flow with electroosmosis and thermal radiations: A numerical study. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:1112-1129. [PMID: 37401240 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
In order to localize heat production and drug activation, it is possible for drug delivery to make use of nanofluids containing thermal radiation. By limiting the amount of medication that is administered to healthy tissues, this approach increases drug distribution. We explore the effect that thermal radiation has on the flow of a ternary-hybrid nanofluid composed of titanium oxide (TiO2), silica (SiO2), and aluminum oxide (AI2O3). The base liquid that we use for our Carreau constitutive model is blood. Entropy and electroosmosis are both taken into account when the conduit is connected to the battery terminals outside. Following the step of translating the observation model into a wave frame, the physical restrictions of the lubrication theory are used in order to provide a more complete explanation for the wave occurrences. In this work, shooting is used to simulate boundary value issues that are solved with Mathematica NDSolve. The production of the least amount of entropy and a rise in thermodynamic efficiency are achieved by the motion of cilia and elastic electroosmotic pumping. It is also observed that heat transfer is proportional to the length of cilia. Nusselt number is increased by large cilia but skin friction got a reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arshad Riaz
- Department of Mathematics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheraz Sikandar
- Department of Mathematics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
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3
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Riaz A, Mehmood K, Alhamzi G, Alharbi KAM. Electroosmotic flow of cobalt-ferrite nanoparticles in water and ethylene glycol through a ciliary annulus: A biomedical application. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:1198-1211. [PMID: 37592853 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Unique magnetic characteristics of cobalt-ferrite nanoparticles make them suitable for biological imaging and therapeutic applications. Understanding their activity in nanofluids via the ciliary annulus could lead to better contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging and improved cancer therapy and other medical therapies. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the theoretical conclusions regarding the transport of a nanofluid by electroosmosis across a ciliary annulus. The nanofluid consists of cobalt-ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe2O4), water (H2O), and ethylene glycol (C2H6O2). As part of the investigation into constructing a physical model, mathematical analysis is performed based on the conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. Dimension-free analysis and mathematical constraints are utilized to learn more about the system. By generating differential equations and including suitable boundary conditions, one can obtain exact solutions, which can then be visually inspected. Recent studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship between flow velocity and cilia length, zeta potential, and Helmholtz-Smoluchowski velocity. The streamlines show that the growth of the trapping boluses is affected by several factors, including the nanoparticles' volume fraction, the cilia's length, the amplitude ratio, the eccentricity, and the zeta potential. These results not only shed light on how nanofluids move, but they also have potential applications in microfluidics, heat transfer, and biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Riaz
- Department of Mathematics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kinza Mehmood
- Department of Mathematics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ghaliah Alhamzi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Abdulkhaliq M Alharbi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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4
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Dolui S, Bhaumik B, De S, Changdar S. Nanoparticle aggregation and electro-osmotic propulsion in peristaltic transport of third-grade nanofluids through porous tube. Comput Biol Med 2024; 176:108617. [PMID: 38772055 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
In the modern era, the utilization of electro-kinetic-driven microfluidic pumping procedures spans various biomedical and physiological domains. The present study introduces a mathematical framework for characterizing the hemodynamics of peristaltic blood flow within a porous tube infused with ZrO2 nanoparticles. This model delves into the interactions between buoyancy, electro-osmotic forces, and aggregated nanoparticles to discern their influence on blood flow. We employ a third-grade fluid model to elucidate the rheological behavior of the pseudoplastic fluid which refers to its response to applied shear stress, specifically the relationship between shear rate and viscosity. The collective influence of accommodating heat convection, joule heating and aggregated nanoparticles contributes to the thermal behavior of fluids. The distribution of electric potential within the electric double layer (EDL) is predicted by solving the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. The rescaled equations are simplified using the lubrication and Debye-Hückel models as the underlying frameworks. The novel homotopy perturbation method is employed to obtain solutions for the finalized non-linear partial differential equation. Theoretical assessment of hemodynamic impacts involves plotting graphical configurations for various emerging parameters. As electro-osmotic parameter increase, the bloodstream encounters greater impedance, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of electro-osmotic assistance. Concurrently, elevated convective heat markedly reduces the rate of heat transfer, potentially resulting in a drop in blood temperature. It is important to note that maximum shear stress occurs when the artery is positioned horizontally, underscoring the significant impact of arterial alignment on wall shear stress. Skin friction intensifies with the increasing wall permeability as aggregated nanofluids pass through the arterial conduit. Therefore, aggregation of nanoparticles into the bloodstream yields a broader spectrum of distinctive physiological features. In summary, these findings enable more effective tool and device designs for addressing medication administration challenges and electro-therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumini Dolui
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India.
| | - Bivas Bhaumik
- Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India.
| | - Soumen De
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India.
| | - Satyasaran Changdar
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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Lin L, Gong S, Deng C, Zhang G, Wu J. PTK6: An emerging biomarker for prognosis and immunotherapeutic response in clear cell renal carcinoma (KIRC). Heliyon 2024; 10:e29001. [PMID: 38596018 PMCID: PMC11002233 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), one of the most prevalent form of kidney carcinoma, is highly aggressive cancer known for significant immune infiltration and high mortality rates. The absence of sensitivity to traditional therapy has spurred the search for new treatments. Protein Tyrosine Kinase 6 (PTK6) is implicated in promoting cancer growth, spread, and metastasis. Our review of The Cancer Genome Atlas database revealed PTK6 overexpression in KIRC, though its specific role in this cancer type was unclear. We investigated PTK6's cancer-promoting roles in KIRC using the database and confirmed our findings with patient-derived tissues. Our analysis showed that elevated PTK6 expression is linked to worse outcomes and higher levels of immune infiltration. It also correlates positively with neo-antigens (NEO) and DNA ploidy changes in KIRC. This research delves into PTK6's role in KIRC development, suggesting PTK6 as a possible biomarker for prognosis and treatment in KIRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Obesity and its Metabolic Complications, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siming Gong
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao Deng
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guanxiong Zhang
- The Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, China
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Obesity and its Metabolic Complications, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Cai Y, Gao Y, Lv Y, Chen Z, Zhong L, Chen J, Fan Y. Multicomponent comprehensive confirms that erythroferrone is a molecular biomarker of pan-cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26990. [PMID: 38444475 PMCID: PMC10912481 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
All vertebrates organisms produce erythroferrone, a secretory hormone with structure-related functions during iron homeostasis. However, limited knowledge exists regarding the effect of this hormone on the occurrence and progression of cancer. To systematically and comprehensively identify the diverse implications of Erythroferrone (ERFE) in various malignant tumors, we conducted an in-depth analysis of multiple datasets, including the expression levels of oncogenes and target proteins, biological functions, and molecular characteristics. This analysis aimed to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of ERFE in pan-cancer. Our findings revealed a significant elevation in ERFE expression across 20 distinct cancer types, with notable increases in gastrointestinal cancers. Utilizing the Cytoscape and STRING databases, we identified 35 ERFE-targeted binding proteins. Survival prognosis studies, particularly gastrointestinal cancers indicated by Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), demonstrated a poor prognosis in patients with high ERFE expression (p < 0.001), consistently observed across various clinical subgroups. Furthermore, the ROC curve underscored the high predictive ability of EFRE for gastrointestinal cancer (AUC >0.9). Understanding the roles and interactions of ERFE in biological processes can also be aided by examining the genes co-expressed with ERFE in the coat and ranking the top 50 positive and negative genes. In the correlation analysis between the ERFE gene and different immune cells in COAD, we discovered that the expression of ERFE was positively correlated with Th1 cells, cytotoxic cells, and activated DC (aDC) abundance, and negatively correlated with Tcm (T central memory) abundance (P < 0.001). in summary, ERFE emerges as strongly associated with various malignant cancers, positioning it as a prospective biological target for cancer treatment. It stands out as a key molecular biomarker for diagnosing and prognosticating pancreatic cancer, also serves as an independent prognostic risk factor for COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of intestinal microbiome and human health, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Yaling Gao
- Department of Xia He, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Yinyin Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of intestinal microbiome and human health, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of intestinal microbiome and human health, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Lingfeng Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of intestinal microbiome and human health, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of intestinal microbiome and human health, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Yanyun Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of intestinal microbiome and human health, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
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7
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Thandalam SK, Thankachan T, Makki E, Giri J, Thanikodi S. Insitu synthesis of Al- MgAl 2O 4 composites and parametric optimization of tribological characteristics. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25427. [PMID: 38333868 PMCID: PMC10850580 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In this research, multiobjective optimization of tribological characteristics of Al-4Mg/in-situ MgAl2O4 composites fabricated via ultrasonic cavitation treatment assisted stir casting technique was carried out. Al-4Mg alloy dispersed with 0.5, 1 and 2 wt% in-situ MgAl2O4 was prepared and the microstructural and mechanical characterisation of the same has been carried out. Reinforcement addition, load and sliding velocity at 3 different levels was considered to attain the responses wear rate and friction coefficient. To identify optimised process condition for the developed composites to attain reduced friction coefficient and wear rate condition, grey analysis is tried out. Experimental results analysed via Grey relation and analysis of variance (ANOVA) proved wt.% of MgAl2O4 particles as significant parameter trailed by load and speed. Based on grey relational grade, minimal wear loss at lowest frictional coefficient can be attained for the composite dispersed with 2 wt% of in-situ MgAl2O4 at 20 N load and 2 m/s sliding velocity. Mechanisms behind the wear loss was analysed from worn out surface micrographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar Thandalam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
| | - Titus Thankachan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Karpagam College of Engineering, Coimbatore, India
| | - Emad Makki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jayant Giri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, India
| | - Sathish Thanikodi
- . Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
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8
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Shaheen S, Huang H, Arain MB, Z Duraihem F. Significance of peripheral layer: the case of mucus flow through a ciliated tube using Rabinowitsch model. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37969068 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2023.2281892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Modern medicine has taken energy loss during cilia beating in the human stomach, which under some circumstances causes blood flow to become acidic, very seriously. In current report covering a whole advancement and results for the impact of Rabinowitsch model with cilia-driven flow analysis with the help of ciliary beating in a cylindrical tube. The fluid is incompressible, and layers of fluid do not mix. The fluid flow with heat and mass transfer is firstly modeled in wave and then transformed into fixed frame. Exact solutions for stresses, temperature velocity, and concentration profiles whereas numerical pressure rise is obtained subject to relevant boundary conditions. The behavior of incipient parameters is shown graphically (plotted in MATHEMATICA 13.0) in the results section. The key findings obtained from graphical results show that maximum magnitude for velocity and temperature is achieved in middle layer of fluid whereas in the outer layer concentration profile is maximum. The current study may help researchers to develop new treatments for diseases such as cystic fibrosis, in which impaired ciliary function leads to mucus accumulation in the lungs. The attained exact and numerical outcomes are novel and offered here for first time in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shaheen
- Laboratory of Aerospace Entry Descent and Landing Technology, College of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - H Huang
- Laboratory of Aerospace Entry Descent and Landing Technology, College of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - M B Arain
- State Key Lab of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Faisal Z Duraihem
- Department of Mathematics, college of science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Anjum N, Azeem Khan W, Ali M, Muhammad T, Hussain Z. Melting heat transfer analysis in magnetized bioconvection flow of sutterby nanoliquid conveying gyrotactic microorganisms. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21910. [PMID: 38045202 PMCID: PMC10689871 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In biotechnology and biosensors bioconvection along with microorganisms play a important role. This article communicates a theoretic numerical analysis concerning the bioconvective Sutterby nanofluid flow over a stretchable wedge surface. Bioconvection is a remarkable occurrence of undercurrents fluid that is produced owing to the turning of microbes. It is considered for hydrodynamics unsteadiness and forms classified in interruption of inclined swimming microbes. Bioconvection is perceived practically in many uses for example pharmaceutical products, bio sensing applications, biomedical, bio-micro systems, biotechnology advancements and refining of mathematical models. Additionally, unsteady parameter influences are taken into account. Furthermore, no mass flux as well as heat sink/source consequences are measured in existing analysis. The similarity transformation are established for the non-linear PDEs of microorganism's field, nanofluid concentration, energy, momentum and mass for bioconvection flow of Sutterby nanofluid. Then, altered non-linear ODEs are resolved by utilizing the bvp4c technique. Moreover, nanofluids are declining in thermal and concentration fields and the greater number of Peclet number declines the field of microorganisms. Acquired numerical data displays that temperature field of nanofluid increases for more thermophoretic and unsteady parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazash Anjum
- Department of Mathematics, Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, 12010, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Azeem Khan
- Department of Mathematics, Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, 12010, Pakistan
| | - Mehboob Ali
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Center for Applied Mathematics of Guangxi, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, 530006, China
| | - Taseer Muhammad
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zakir Hussain
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan
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Hayat AU, Ullah I, Khan H, Alam MM, Hassan AM, Khan H. Numerical analysis of radiative hybrid nanomaterials flow across a permeable curved surface with inertial and Joule heating characteristics. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21452. [PMID: 38027741 PMCID: PMC10651448 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The water-based Cu and CoFe2O4 hybrid nano liquid flow across a permeable curved sheet under the consequences of inertial and Lorentz forces has been reported in this analysis. The Joule heating and Darcy Forchheimer effects on fluid flow have been also examined. In the presence of copper (Cu) and cobalt iron oxide (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles, the hybrid nano liquid is synthesized. Radiation and heat source features are additionally incorporated to perform thermodynamics analysis in detail. The second law of thermodynamics is employed in order to estimate the overall generation of entropy. The nonlinear system of PDEs (partial differential equations) is transformed into a dimensionally-free set of ODEs (ordinary differential equations) by employing a similarity framework. The Mathematica built in package ND Solve method is applied to compute the resulting set of nonlinear differential equations numerically. Along with the velocity, and temperature profiles, skin friction and Nusselt number are also computed. Figures and tables illustrate the effects of flow factors on important profiles. Evidently, the outcomes reveal that hybrid nanofluid (Cu + CoFe2O4+H2O) is more progressive than nanofluid (Cu + H2O) and base fluid (H2O) in thermal phenomena. Furthermore, the velocity profile is improved with the greater values of curvature parameter, while the inverse trend is observed against the magnetic parameters. Also, the velocity and energy distribution of hybrid nano-liquid flow boosts with the inclusion of Cu and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles into the base fluid. Velocity distribution diminishes with the increment of volume friction. For high values of inertial factor, skin friction improve while velocity and Nusselt number declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ullah Hayat
- Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Ullah
- Department of Natural Sciences and Humanities, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Khan
- Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
- Department of Mathematics, Near East University TRNC, 99138, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Mahtab Alam
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Hassan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Hamda Khan
- Department of Sciences & Humanities, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Abbas N, Shatanawi W, Hasan F, Mustafa Z. Thermodynamic flow of radiative induced magneto modified Maxwell Sutterby fluid model at stretching sheet/cylinder. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16002. [PMID: 37749119 PMCID: PMC10519962 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40843-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A steady flow of Maxwell Sutterby fluid is considered over a stretchable cylinder. The magnetic Reynolds number is considered very high and induced magnetic and electric fields are applied on the fluid flow. Joule heating and radiation impacts are studied under the temperature-dependent properties of the liquid. Having the above assumptions, the mathematical model has been evolving via differential equations. The differential equations are renovated in the dimensionless form of ordinary differential equations using the appropriate transformations. The numerical results have been developed employing numerical techniques on the ordinary differential equations. The impact of involving physical factors on velocity, induced magneto hydrodynamic, and temperature function is debated in graphical and tabular form. The velocity profile is boosted by thicker momentum boundary layers, which are caused by higher values of the magnetic field factor. So, the fluid flow becomes higher velocity due to enlarging values of the magnetic field factor. Heat transfer factor and friction at surface factor boosted up for increment of [Formula: see text] (Magnetic field factor). The [Formula: see text](Magnetic field factor) is larger which better-quality of heat transfer at surface and also offered the results of friction factor boosting up in both cases of stretching sheet/cylinder. The [Formula: see text](Magnetic Prandtl number) increased which provided better-quality of heat transfer at surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Abbas
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, 11586, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasfi Shatanawi
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, 11586, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, P.O Box 330127, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan.
| | - Fady Hasan
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, 11586, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zead Mustafa
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, P.O Box 330127, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
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