1
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Hosozawa T, Niwa M, Takeuchi H, Inohana T, Okumura K, Itoh S. High-yield and high-purity amide bond formation using DMTMM PF 6 for DNA-encoded libraries. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 110:129859. [PMID: 38955244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we report on the ability of DMTMM PF6 to improve the amidation reaction. The on-DNA amidation reaction using DMTMM PF6 demonstrates higher conversion rates than those using HATU or DMTMM Cl, particularly with challenging sterically hindered amines and carboxylic acids. The developed method enables the expansion of available building blocks and the efficient synthesis of high-purity DNA-encoded libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Hosozawa
- Pharmaceutical Research Department, Chemical Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, 10-1, Tsuboi-Nishi 2-chome, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Niwa
- Pharmaceutical Research Department, Chemical Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, 10-1, Tsuboi-Nishi 2-chome, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisayuki Takeuchi
- Pharmaceutical Research Department, Chemical Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, 10-1, Tsuboi-Nishi 2-chome, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takehiko Inohana
- Pharmaceutical Research Department, Chemical Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, 10-1, Tsuboi-Nishi 2-chome, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kaori Okumura
- Pharmaceutical Research Department, Chemical Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, 10-1, Tsuboi-Nishi 2-chome, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shin Itoh
- Pharmaceutical Research Department, Chemical Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, 10-1, Tsuboi-Nishi 2-chome, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan.
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2
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Kim T, Lee Y, Lim H, Kim Y, Cho H, Namkung W, Han G. Discovery of Protease-activated receptor 2 antagonists derived from phenylalanine for the treatment of breast cancer. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107496. [PMID: 38850590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) has garnered attention as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer. PAR2 is implicated in the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) via G protein and beta-arrestin pathways, contributing to the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Despite the recognized role of PAR2 in breast cancer progression, clinically effective PAR2 antagonists remain elusive. To address this unmet clinical need, we synthesized and evaluated a series of novel compounds that target the orthosteric site of PAR2. Using in silico docking simulations, we identified compound 9a, an optimized derivative of compound 1a ((S)-N-(1-(benzylamino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)benzamide), which exhibited enhanced PAR2 antagonistic activity. Subsequent molecular dynamics simulations comparing 9a with the partial agonist 9d revealed that variations in ligand-induced conformational changes and interactions dictated whether the compound acted as an antagonist or agonist of PAR2. The results of this study suggest that further development of 9a could contribute to the advancement of PAR2 antagonists as potential therapeutic agents for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taegun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yechan Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Hocheol Lim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhwa Kim
- Graduate Program of Industrial Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeun Cho
- Graduate Program of Industrial Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Namkung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoonhee Han
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Antoniazzi CTDD, Ruviaro NA, Peres DS, Rodrigues P, Viero FT, Trevisan G. Targeting TRPV4 Channels for Cancer Pain Relief. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1703. [PMID: 38730655 PMCID: PMC11083562 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the unique and complex nature of cancer pain, the activation of different ion channels can be related to the initiation and maintenance of pain. The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a cation channel broadly expressed in sensory afferent neurons. This channel is activated by multiple stimuli to mediate pain perception associated with inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Here, we focused on summarizing the role of TRPV4 in cancer etiology and cancer-induced pain mechanisms. Many studies revealed that the administration of a TRPV4 antagonist and TRPV4 knockdown diminishes nociception in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Although the evidence on TRPV4 channels' involvement in cancer pain is scarce, the expression of these receptors was reportedly enhanced in cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP), perineural, and orofacial cancer models following the inoculation of tumor cells to the bone marrow cavity, sciatic nerve, and tongue, respectively. Effective pain management is a continuous problem for patients diagnosed with cancer, and current guidelines fail to address a mechanism-based treatment. Therefore, examining new molecules with potential antinociceptive properties targeting TRPV4 modulation would be interesting. Identifying such agents could lead to the development of treatment strategies with improved pain-relieving effects and fewer adverse effects than the currently available analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caren Tatiane de David Antoniazzi
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (C.T.d.D.A.); (D.S.P.); (P.R.); (F.T.V.)
| | - Náthaly Andrighetto Ruviaro
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil;
| | - Diulle Spat Peres
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (C.T.d.D.A.); (D.S.P.); (P.R.); (F.T.V.)
| | - Patrícia Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (C.T.d.D.A.); (D.S.P.); (P.R.); (F.T.V.)
| | - Fernanda Tibolla Viero
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (C.T.d.D.A.); (D.S.P.); (P.R.); (F.T.V.)
| | - Gabriela Trevisan
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (C.T.d.D.A.); (D.S.P.); (P.R.); (F.T.V.)
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil;
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4
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Jiang Y, Lu L. New insight into the agonism of protease-activated receptors as an immunotherapeutic strategy. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105614. [PMID: 38159863 PMCID: PMC10810747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The activation and mobilization of immune cells play a crucial role in immunotherapy. Existing therapeutic interventions, such as cytokines administration, aim to enhance immune cell activity. However, these approaches usually result in modest effectiveness and toxic side effects, thereby restricting their clinical application. Protease-activated receptors (PARs), a subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors, actively participate in the immune system by directly activating immune cells. The activation of PARs by proteases or synthetic ligands can modulate immune cell behavior, signaling, and responses to treat immune-related diseases, suggesting the significance of PARs agonism in immunotherapy. However, the agonism of PARs in therapeutical applications remains rarely discussed, since it has been traditionally considered that PARs activation facilitates disease progressions. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the activation, rather than inhibition, of PARs in immune-related physiological responses and diseases. Additionally, we will discuss the emerging immunotherapeutic potential of PARs agonism, providing a new strategic direction for PARs-mediated immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Jiang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Lei Lu
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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5
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Martins-Cardoso K, Maçao A, Souza JL, Silva AG, König S, Martins-Gonçalves R, Hottz ED, Rondon AMR, Versteeg HH, Bozza PT, Almeida VH, Monteiro RQ. TF/PAR2 Signaling Axis Supports the Protumor Effect of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) on Human Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:5. [PMID: 38201433 PMCID: PMC10778307 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been implicated in several hallmarks of cancer. Among the protumor effects, NETs promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in different cancer models. EMT has been linked to an enhanced expression of the clotting-initiating protein, tissue factor (TF), thus favoring the metastatic potential. TF may also exert protumor effects by facilitating the activation of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2). Herein, we evaluated whether NETs could induce TF expression in breast cancer cells and further promote procoagulant and intracellular signaling effects via the TF/PAR2 axis. T-47D and MCF7 cell lines were treated with isolated NETs, and samples were obtained for real-time PCR, flow cytometry, Western blotting, and plasma coagulation assays. In silico analyses were performed employing RNA-seq data from breast cancer patients deposited in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. A positive correlation was observed between neutrophil/NETs gene signatures and TF gene expression. Neutrophils/NETs gene signatures and PAR2 gene expression also showed a significant positive correlation in the bioinformatics model. In vitro analysis showed that treatment with NETs upregulated TF gene and protein expression in breast cancer cell lines. The inhibition of ERK/JNK reduced the TF gene expression induced by NETs. Remarkably, the pharmacological or genetic inhibition of the TF/PAR2 signaling axis attenuated the NETs-induced expression of several protumor genes. Also, treatment of NETs with a neutrophil elastase inhibitor reduced the expression of metastasis-related genes. Our results suggest that the TF/PAR2 signaling axis contributes to the pro-cancer effects of NETs in human breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Martins-Cardoso
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (K.M.-C.); (A.M.); (J.L.S.); (A.G.S.); (V.H.A.)
| | - Aquiles Maçao
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (K.M.-C.); (A.M.); (J.L.S.); (A.G.S.); (V.H.A.)
| | - Juliana L. Souza
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (K.M.-C.); (A.M.); (J.L.S.); (A.G.S.); (V.H.A.)
| | - Alexander G. Silva
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (K.M.-C.); (A.M.); (J.L.S.); (A.G.S.); (V.H.A.)
| | - Sandra König
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Remy Martins-Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (R.M.-G.); (P.T.B.)
| | - Eugenio D. Hottz
- Laboratory of Immunothrombosis, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Rio de Janeiro 23890-000, Brazil;
| | - Araci M. R. Rondon
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, 333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (A.M.R.R.); (H.H.V.)
| | - Henri H. Versteeg
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, 333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (A.M.R.R.); (H.H.V.)
| | - Patrícia T. Bozza
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (R.M.-G.); (P.T.B.)
| | - Vitor H. Almeida
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (K.M.-C.); (A.M.); (J.L.S.); (A.G.S.); (V.H.A.)
| | - Robson Q. Monteiro
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (K.M.-C.); (A.M.); (J.L.S.); (A.G.S.); (V.H.A.)
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6
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Shah H, Hill TA, Lim J, Fairlie DP. Protease-activated receptor 2 attenuates doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells. J Cell Commun Signal 2023:10.1007/s12079-023-00791-6. [PMID: 37991681 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00791-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance represents a major problem in cancer treatment. Doxorubicin (adriamycin) is an injectable DNA intercalating drug that halts cancer cell growth by inhibiting topoisomerase 2, but its long-term effectiveness is compromised by onset of resistance. This study demonstrates that expression of the PAR2 gene in human colon adenocarcinoma tissue samples was the highest among 32 different cancer types (n = 10,989), and higher in colon adenocarcinoma tissues (n = 331) than normal colon tissues (n = 308), revealing an association between PAR2 expression and human colon cancer. HT29 cells are a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line that is sensitive to the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin and also expresses PAR2. We find that PAR2 activation in HT29 cells, either by an endogenous protease agonist (trypsin) or an exogenous peptide agonist (2f-LIGRL-NH2), significantly reduces doxorubicin-induced cell death, reactive oxygen species production, caspase 3/7 activity and cleavage of caspase-8 and caspase-3. Moreover, PAR2-mediated MEK1/2-ERK1/2 pathway induced by 2f-LIGRL-NH2 leads to upregulated anti-apoptotic MCL-1 and Bcl-xL proteins that promote cellular survival. These findings suggest that activation of PAR2 compromises efficacy of doxorubicin in colon cancer. Further support for this conclusion came from experiments with human colon cancer HT29 cells, either with the PAR2 gene deleted or in the presence of a pharmacological antagonist of PAR2, which showed full restoration of all doxorubicin-mediated effects. Together, these findings reveal a strong link between PAR2 activation and signalling in human colon cancer cells and increased survival against doxorubicin-induced cell death. They support PAR2 antagonism as a possible new strategy for enhancing doxorubicin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Shah
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Centre for Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Timothy A Hill
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Centre for Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Junxian Lim
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
- Centre for Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - David P Fairlie
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
- Centre for Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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7
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Puglioli S, Oehler S, Prati L, Scheuermann J, Bassi G, Cazzamalli S, Neri D, Favalli N. Impact of library input on the hit discovery rate in DNA-encoded chemical library selections. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12026-12033. [PMID: 37969600 PMCID: PMC10631129 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03688j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA-encoded chemical libraries (DELs) are powerful drug discovery tools, enabling the parallel screening of millions of DNA-barcoded compounds. We investigated how the DEL input affects the hit discovery rate in DEL screenings. Evaluation of selection fingerprints revealed that the use of approximately 105 copies of each library member is required for the confident identification of nanomolar hits, using generally applicable methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Puglioli
- Philochem AG, R&D Department 8112 Otelfingen Switzerland
| | | | - Luca Prati
- Philochem AG, R&D Department 8112 Otelfingen Switzerland
| | - Jörg Scheuermann
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) Zürich Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Bassi
- Philochem AG, R&D Department 8112 Otelfingen Switzerland
| | | | - Dario Neri
- Philochem AG, R&D Department 8112 Otelfingen Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) Zürich Switzerland
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8
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Chinellato M, Gasparotto M, Quarta S, Ruvoletto M, Biasiolo A, Filippini F, Spiezia L, Cendron L, Pontisso P. 1-Piperidine Propionic Acid as an Allosteric Inhibitor of Protease Activated Receptor-2. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1486. [PMID: 37895957 PMCID: PMC10610151 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, studies on the inflammatory signaling pathways in multiple pathological contexts have revealed new targets for novel therapies. Among the family of G-protein-coupled Proteases Activated Receptors, PAR2 was identified as a driver of the inflammatory cascade in many pathologies, ranging from autoimmune disease to cancer metastasis. For this reason, many efforts have been focused on the development of potential antagonists of PAR2 activity. This work focuses on a small molecule, 1-Piperidine Propionic Acid (1-PPA), previously described to be active against inflammatory processes, but whose target is still unknown. Stabilization effects observed by cellular thermal shift assay coupled to in-silico investigations, including molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, suggested that 1-PPA binds PAR2 in an allosteric pocket of the receptor inactive conformation. Functional studies revealed the antagonist effects on MAPKs signaling and on platelet aggregation, processes mediated by PAR family members, including PAR2. Since the allosteric pocket binding 1-PPA is highly conserved in all the members of the PAR family, the evidence reported here suggests that 1-PPA could represent a promising new small molecule targeting PARs with antagonistic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Chinellato
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (M.C.); (S.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Matteo Gasparotto
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (M.G.); (F.F.); (L.C.)
| | - Santina Quarta
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (M.C.); (S.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Mariagrazia Ruvoletto
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (M.C.); (S.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Alessandra Biasiolo
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (M.C.); (S.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Francesco Filippini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (M.G.); (F.F.); (L.C.)
| | - Luca Spiezia
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (M.C.); (S.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Laura Cendron
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (M.G.); (F.F.); (L.C.)
| | - Patrizia Pontisso
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (M.C.); (S.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
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9
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Peterson AA, Liu DR. Small-molecule discovery through DNA-encoded libraries. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2023; 22:699-722. [PMID: 37328653 PMCID: PMC10924799 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-023-00713-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of bioactive small molecules as probes or drug candidates requires discovery platforms that enable access to chemical diversity and can quickly reveal new ligands for a target of interest. Within the past 15 years, DNA-encoded library (DEL) technology has matured into a widely used platform for small-molecule discovery, yielding a wide variety of bioactive ligands for many therapeutically relevant targets. DELs offer many advantages compared with traditional screening methods, including efficiency of screening, easily multiplexed targets and library selections, minimized resources needed to evaluate an entire DEL and large library sizes. This Review provides accounts of recently described small molecules discovered from DELs, including their initial identification, optimization and validation of biological properties including suitability for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Peterson
- Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David R Liu
- Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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10
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Teske KA, Su W, Corona CR, Wen J, Deng J, Ping Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Wilkinson J, Beck MT, Nealey KR, Vasta JD, Cong M, Meisenheimer PL, Kuai L, Robers MB. DELs enable the development of BRET probes for target engagement studies in cells. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:987-998.e24. [PMID: 37490918 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
DNA-encoded libraries (DELs) provide unmatched chemical diversity and starting points for novel drug modalities. Here, we describe a workflow that exploits the bifunctional attributes of DEL ligands as a platform to generate BRET probes for live cell target engagement studies. To establish proof of concept, we performed a DEL screen using aurora kinase A and successfully converted aurora DEL ligands as cell-active BRET probes. Aurora BRET probes enabled the validation and stratification of the chemical series identified from primary selection data. Furthermore, we have evaluated the effective repurposing of pre-existing DEL screen data to find suitable leads for BRET probe development. Our findings support the use of DEL workflows as an engine to create cell-active BRET probes independent of structure or compound SAR. The combination of DEL and BRET technology accelerates hit-to-lead studies in a live cell setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Teske
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Fitchburg, WI 53711, USA
| | - Wenji Su
- WuXi AppTec Headquarters, 288 Fute Shong Road Waigaopqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Cesear R Corona
- Promega Biosciences Incorporated, 277 Granada Drive, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401, USA
| | - Jing Wen
- WuXi AppTec Headquarters, 288 Fute Shong Road Waigaopqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Jason Deng
- WuXi AppTec Headquarters, 288 Fute Shong Road Waigaopqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Yan Ping
- WuXi AppTec Headquarters, 288 Fute Shong Road Waigaopqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Zaihong Zhang
- WuXi AppTec Headquarters, 288 Fute Shong Road Waigaopqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- WuXi AppTec Headquarters, 288 Fute Shong Road Waigaopqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai 200131, China
| | | | - Michael T Beck
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Fitchburg, WI 53711, USA
| | - Kendra R Nealey
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Fitchburg, WI 53711, USA
| | - James D Vasta
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Fitchburg, WI 53711, USA
| | - Mei Cong
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Fitchburg, WI 53711, USA
| | | | - Letian Kuai
- WuXi AppTec Headquarters, 288 Fute Shong Road Waigaopqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai 200131, China.
| | - Matthew B Robers
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Fitchburg, WI 53711, USA.
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11
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Sui X, Xie T, Xu Y, Zhang A, Zhang Y, Gu F, Li L, Xu Z, Chen J. Protease-Activated Receptor-2 and Phospholipid Metabolism Analysis in Hyperuricemia-Induced Renal Injury. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:5007488. [PMID: 37484603 PMCID: PMC10359134 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5007488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Interstitial inflammation is an important mechanism of pathological damage in renal injury caused by hyperuricemia. Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) is a class of targets that act upstream of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway and is involved in various inflammatory diseases. We induced a hyperuricemia model in rats by adenine and ethambutol gavage in an in vivo experiment. We demonstrated that PAR2 and PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway expression were significantly upregulated in renal tissues, with massive inflammatory cell infiltration in the renal interstitium and renal tissue injury. Treating hyperuricemic rats with AZ3451, a selective metabotropic antagonist of PAR2, we demonstrated that PAR2 antagonism inhibited the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway and attenuated tubular dilation and tubulointerstitial inflammatory cell infiltration. The phospholipid metabolism profiles provided a perfect separation between the normal and hyperuricemic rats. In addition, we also found that AZ3451 can affect phospholipid metabolism. Our work suggests that PAR2 may mediate hyperuricemia-mediated renal injury by activating the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. The PAR2 antagonist AZ3451 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for hyperuricemia-induced inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Sui
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingfei Xie
- Department of Nephrology, The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunpeng Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Aisha Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanzi Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengjuan Gu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Baoan People's Hospital (Group) The Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Lixiang Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Zibin Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jihong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
- Department of Nephrology, The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
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12
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Shpakov AO. Allosteric Regulation of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors: From Diversity of Molecular Mechanisms to Multiple Allosteric Sites and Their Ligands. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6187. [PMID: 37047169 PMCID: PMC10094638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Allosteric regulation is critical for the functioning of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their signaling pathways. Endogenous allosteric regulators of GPCRs are simple ions, various biomolecules, and protein components of GPCR signaling (G proteins and β-arrestins). The stability and functional activity of GPCR complexes is also due to multicenter allosteric interactions between protomers. The complexity of allosteric effects caused by numerous regulators differing in structure, availability, and mechanisms of action predetermines the multiplicity and different topology of allosteric sites in GPCRs. These sites can be localized in extracellular loops; inside the transmembrane tunnel and in its upper and lower vestibules; in cytoplasmic loops; and on the outer, membrane-contacting surface of the transmembrane domain. They are involved in the regulation of basal and orthosteric agonist-stimulated receptor activity, biased agonism, GPCR-complex formation, and endocytosis. They are targets for a large number of synthetic allosteric regulators and modulators, including those constructed using molecular docking. The review is devoted to the principles and mechanisms of GPCRs allosteric regulation, the multiplicity of allosteric sites and their topology, and the endogenous and synthetic allosteric regulators, including autoantibodies and pepducins. The allosteric regulation of chemokine receptors, proteinase-activated receptors, thyroid-stimulating and luteinizing hormone receptors, and beta-adrenergic receptors are described in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander O Shpakov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia
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13
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Montoya AL, Glavatskikh M, Halverson BJ, Yuen LH, Schüler H, Kireev D, Franzini RM. Combining pharmacophore models derived from DNA-encoded chemical libraries with structure-based exploration to predict Tankyrase 1 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114980. [PMID: 36495630 PMCID: PMC9805525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
DNA-encoded chemical libraries (DECLs) interrogate the interactions of a target of interest with vast numbers of molecules. DECLs hence provide abundant information about the chemical ligand space for therapeutic targets, and there is considerable interest in methods for exploiting DECL screening data to predict novel ligands. Here we introduce one such approach and demonstrate its feasibility using the cancer-related poly-(ADP-ribose)transferase tankyrase 1 (TNKS1) as a model target. First, DECL affinity selections resulted in structurally diverse TNKS1 inhibitors with high potency including compound 2 with an IC50 value of 0.8 nM. Additionally, TNKS1 hits from four DECLs were translated into pharmacophore models, which were exploited in combination with docking-based screening to identify TNKS1 ligand candidates in databases of commercially available compounds. This computational strategy afforded TNKS1 inhibitors that are outside the chemical space covered by the DECLs and yielded the drug-like lead compound 12 with an IC50 value of 22 nM. The study further provided insights in the reliability of screening data and the effect of library design on hit compounds. In particular, the study revealed that while in general DECL screening data are in good agreement with off-DNA ligand binding, unpredictable interactions of the DNA-attachment linker with the target protein contribute to the noise in the affinity selection data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba L Montoya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Skaggs College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 30 S 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Marta Glavatskikh
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, 301 Pharmacy Lane, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Brayden J Halverson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Skaggs College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 30 S 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Lik Hang Yuen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Skaggs College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 30 S 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Herwig Schüler
- Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 22100, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Dmitri Kireev
- Department of Chemistry, 36 Schlundt Hall, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | - Raphael M Franzini
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Skaggs College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 30 S 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA; Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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14
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Blockade of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) attenuates vascular dyshomeostasis and liver dysfunction induced by dengue virus infection. Med Hypotheses 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2022.110898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Rivas CM, Yee MC, Addison KJ, Lovett M, Pal K, Ledford JG, Dussor G, Price TJ, Vagner J, DeFea KA, Boitano S. Proteinase-activated receptor-2 antagonist C391 inhibits Alternaria-induced airway epithelial signalling and asthma indicators in acute exposure mouse models. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:2208-2222. [PMID: 34841515 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Despite the availability of a variety of treatment options, many asthma patients have poorly controlled disease with frequent exacerbations. Proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) has been identified in preclinical animal models as important to asthma initiation and progression following allergen exposure. Proteinase activation of PAR2 raises intracellular Ca2+ , inducing MAPK and β-arrestin signalling in the airway, leading to inflammatory and protective effects. We have developed C391, a potent PAR2 antagonist effective in blocking peptidomimetic- and trypsin-induced PAR2 signalling in vitro as well as reducing inflammatory PAR2-associated pain in vivo. We hypothesized that PAR2 antagonism by C391 would attenuate allergen-induced acutely expressed asthma indicators in murine models. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We evaluated the ability of C391 to alter Alternaria alternata-induced PAR2 signalling pathways in vitro using a human airway epithelial cell line that naturally expresses PAR2 (16HBE14o-) and a transfected embryonic cell line (HEK 293). We next evaluated the ability for C391 to reduce A. alternata-induced acutely expressed asthma indicators in vivo in two murine strains. KEY RESULTS C391 blocked A. alternata-induced, PAR2-dependent Ca2+ and MAPK signalling in 16HBE14o- cells, as well as β-arrestin recruitment in HEK 293 cells. C391 effectively attenuated A. alternata-induced inflammation, mucus production, mucus cell hyperplasia and airway hyperresponsiveness in acute allergen-challenged murine models. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS To our best knowledge, this is the first demonstration of pharmacological intervention of PAR2 to reduce allergen-induced asthma indicators in vivo. These data support further development of PAR2 antagonists as potential first-in-class allergic asthma drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candy M Rivas
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Michael C Yee
- Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Kenneth J Addison
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Marissa Lovett
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Kasturi Pal
- Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Julie G Ledford
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Gregory Dussor
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Theodore J Price
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Josef Vagner
- Bio5 Collaborative Research Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Kathryn A DeFea
- Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA.,Corporate Headquarters, PARMedics, Inc., Temecula, California, USA
| | - Scott Boitano
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Bio5 Collaborative Research Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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16
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Nussinov R, Zhang M, Maloney R, Tsai CJ, Yavuz BR, Tuncbag N, Jang H. Mechanism of activation and the rewired network: New drug design concepts. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:770-799. [PMID: 34693559 PMCID: PMC8837674 DOI: 10.1002/med.21863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Precision oncology benefits from effective early phase drug discovery decisions. Recently, drugging inactive protein conformations has shown impressive successes, raising the cardinal questions of which targets can profit and what are the principles of the active/inactive protein pharmacology. Cancer driver mutations have been established to mimic the protein activation mechanism. We suggest that the decision whether to target an inactive (or active) conformation should largely rest on the protein mechanism of activation. We next discuss the recent identification of double (multiple) same-allele driver mutations and their impact on cell proliferation and suggest that like single driver mutations, double drivers also mimic the mechanism of activation. We further suggest that the structural perturbations of double (multiple) in cis mutations may reveal new surfaces/pockets for drug design. Finally, we underscore the preeminent role of the cellular network which is deregulated in cancer. Our structure-based review and outlook updates the traditional Mechanism of Action, informs decisions, and calls attention to the intrinsic activation mechanism of the target protein and the rewired tumor-specific network, ushering innovative considerations in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Nussinov
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mingzhen Zhang
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Ryan Maloney
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Chung-Jung Tsai
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Bengi Ruken Yavuz
- Department of Health Informatics, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Tuncbag
- Department of Health Informatics, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hyunbum Jang
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
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17
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Gironda-Martínez A, Donckele EJ, Samain F, Neri D. DNA-Encoded Chemical Libraries: A Comprehensive Review with Succesful Stories and Future Challenges. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:1265-1279. [PMID: 34423264 PMCID: PMC8369695 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
DNA-encoded chemical libraries (DELs) represent a versatile and powerful technology platform for the discovery of small-molecule ligands to protein targets of biological and pharmaceutical interest. DELs are collections of molecules, individually coupled to distinctive DNA tags serving as amplifiable identification barcodes. Thanks to advances in DNA-compatible reactions, selection methodologies, next-generation sequencing, and data analysis, DEL technology allows the construction and screening of libraries of unprecedented size, which has led to the discovery of highly potent ligands, some of which have progressed to clinical trials. In this Review, we present an overview of diverse approaches for the generation and screening of DEL molecular repertoires. Recent success stories are described, detailing how novel ligands were isolated from DEL screening campaigns and were further optimized by medicinal chemistry. The goal of the Review is to capture some of the most recent developments in the field, while also elaborating on future challenges to further improve DEL technology as a therapeutic discovery platform.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Florent Samain
- Philochem
AG, Libernstrasse 3, CH-8112 Otelfingen, Switzerland
| | - Dario Neri
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss
Federal Institute of Technology, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Philogen
S.p.A, 53100 Siena, Italy
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18
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Lee ECY, McRiner AJ, Georgiadis KE, Liu J, Wang Z, Ferguson AD, Levin B, von Rechenberg M, Hupp CD, Monteiro MI, Keefe AD, Olszewski A, Eyermann CJ, Centrella P, Liu Y, Arora S, Cuozzo JW, Zhang Y, Clark MA, Huguet C, Kohlmann A. Discovery of Novel, Potent Inhibitors of Hydroxy Acid Oxidase 1 (HAO1) Using DNA-Encoded Chemical Library Screening. J Med Chem 2021; 64:6730-6744. [PMID: 33955740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of hydroxy acid oxidase 1 (HAO1) is a strategy to mitigate the accumulation of toxic oxalate that results from reduced activity of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT) in primary hyperoxaluria 1 (PH1) patients. DNA-Encoded Chemical Library (DECL) screening provided two novel chemical series of potent HAO1 inhibitors, represented by compounds 3-6. Compound 5 was further optimized via various structure-activity relationship (SAR) exploration methods to 29, a compound with improved potency and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME)/pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. Since carboxylic acid-containing compounds are often poorly permeable and have potential active glucuronide metabolites, we undertook a brief, initial exploration of acid replacements with the aim of identifying non-acid-containing HAO1 inhibitors. Structure-based drug design initiated with Compound 5 led to the identification of a nonacid inhibitor of HAO1, 31, which has weaker potency and increased permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther C Y Lee
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Andrew J McRiner
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Katy E Georgiadis
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Julie Liu
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Zooey Wang
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Andrew D Ferguson
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Benjamin Levin
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | | | - Christopher D Hupp
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Michael I Monteiro
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Anthony D Keefe
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Allison Olszewski
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Charles J Eyermann
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Paolo Centrella
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Yanbin Liu
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Shilpi Arora
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - John W Cuozzo
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Ying Zhang
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Matthew A Clark
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Christelle Huguet
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Anna Kohlmann
- X-Chem Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
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