1
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Baù E, Gölz T, Benoit M, Tittl A, Keilmann F. Nanoscale Mechanical Manipulation of Ultrathin SiN Membranes Enabling Infrared Near-Field Microscopy of Liquid-Immersed samples. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402568. [PMID: 39148207 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) is a powerful technique for mid-infrared spectroscopy at nanometer length scales. By investigating objects in aqueous environments through ultrathin membranes, s-SNOM has recently been extended toward label-free nanoscopy of the dynamics of living cells and nanoparticles, assessing both the optical and the mechanical interactions between the tip, the membrane and the liquid suspension underneath. Here, the study reports that the tapping AFM tip induces a reversible nanometric deformation of the membrane manifested as either an indentation or protrusion. This mechanism depends on the driving force of the tapping cantilever, which is exploited to minimize topographical deformations of the membrane to improve optical measurements. Furthermore, it is shown that the tapping phase delay between driving signal and tip oscillation is a highly sensitive observable to study the mechanics of adhering objects, exhibiting highest contrast at low tapping amplitudes where the membrane remains nearly flat. Mechanical responses are correlated with simultaneously recorded spectroscopy data to reveal the thickness of nanometric water layers between membrane and adhering objects. Besides a general applicability of depth profiling, the technique holds great promise for studying mechano-active biopolymers and living cells, biomaterials that exhibit complex behaviors when under a mechanical load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Baù
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems and Center for NanoScience, Nano-Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Königinstr. 10, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Thorsten Gölz
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems and Center for NanoScience, Nano-Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Königinstr. 10, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Martin Benoit
- Chair of Applied Physics, Molecular physics of life and Center for NanoScience, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Andreas Tittl
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems and Center for NanoScience, Nano-Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Königinstr. 10, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Fritz Keilmann
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems and Center for NanoScience, Nano-Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Königinstr. 10, 80539, München, Germany
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2
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Oldemeyer S, La Greca M, Langner P, Lê Công KL, Schlesinger R, Heberle J. Nanosecond Transient IR Spectroscopy of Halorhodopsin in Living Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19118-19127. [PMID: 38950551 PMCID: PMC11258790 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The ability to track minute changes of a single amino acid residue in a cellular environment is causing a paradigm shift in the attempt to fully understand the responses of biomolecules that are highly sensitive to their environment. Detecting early protein dynamics in living cells is crucial to understanding their mechanisms, such as those of photosynthetic proteins. Here, we elucidate the light response of the microbial chloride pump NmHR from the marine bacterium Nonlabens marinus, located in the membrane of living Escherichia coli cells, using nanosecond time-resolved UV/vis and IR absorption spectroscopy over the time range from nanoseconds to seconds. Transient structural changes of the retinal cofactor and the surrounding apoprotein are recorded using light-induced time-resolved UV/vis and IR difference spectroscopy. Of particular note, we have resolved the kinetics of the transient deprotonation of a single cysteine residue during the photocycle of NmHR out of the manifold of molecular vibrations of the cells. These findings are of high general relevance, given the successful development of optogenetic tools from photoreceptors to interfere with enzymatic and neuronal pathways in living organisms using light pulses as a noninvasive trigger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Oldemeyer
- Experimental
Molecular Biophysics, Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mariafrancesca La Greca
- Genetic
Biophysics, Department of Physics, Freie
Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pit Langner
- Experimental
Molecular Biophysics, Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karoline-Luisa Lê Công
- Experimental
Molecular Biophysics, Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ramona Schlesinger
- Genetic
Biophysics, Department of Physics, Freie
Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Heberle
- Experimental
Molecular Biophysics, Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Burr DJ, Drauschke J, Kanevche K, Kümmel S, Stryhanyuk H, Heberle J, Perfumo A, Elsaesser A. Stable Isotope Probing-nanoFTIR for Quantitation of Cellular Metabolism and Observation of Growth-Dependent Spectral Features. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400289. [PMID: 38708804 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
This study utilizes nanoscale Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (nanoFTIR) to perform stable isotope probing (SIP) on individual bacteria cells cultured in the presence of 13C-labelled glucose. SIP-nanoFTIR simultaneously quantifies single-cell metabolism through infrared spectroscopy and acquires cellular morphological information via atomic force microscopy. The redshift of the amide I peak corresponds to the isotopic enrichment of newly synthesized proteins. These observations of single-cell translational activity are comparable to those of conventional methods, examining bulk cell numbers. Observing cells cultured under conditions of limited carbon, SIP- nanoFTIR is used to identify environmentally-induced changes in metabolic heterogeneity and cellular morphology. Individuals outcompeting their neighboring cells will likely play a disproportionately large role in shaping population dynamics during adverse conditions or environmental fluctuations. Additionally, SIP-nanoFTIR enables the spectroscopic differentiation of specific cellular growth phases. During cellular replication, subcellular isotope distribution becomes more homogenous, which is reflected in the spectroscopic features dependent on the extent of 13C-13C mode coupling or to specific isotopic symmetries within protein secondary structures. As SIP-nanoFTIR captures single-cell metabolism, environmentally-induced cellular processes, and subcellular isotope localization, this technique offers widespread applications across a variety of disciplines including microbial ecology, biophysics, biopharmaceuticals, medicinal science, and cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Burr
- Department of Physics, Experimental Biophysics and Space Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janina Drauschke
- Department of Physics, Experimental Biophysics and Space Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katerina Kanevche
- Department of Physics, Experimental Molecular Biophysics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hryhoriy Stryhanyuk
- Department of Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joachim Heberle
- Department of Physics, Experimental Molecular Biophysics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Amedea Perfumo
- Department of Physics, Experimental Molecular Biophysics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems, Telegrafenberg, 14473, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andreas Elsaesser
- Department of Physics, Experimental Biophysics and Space Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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4
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Greaves GE, Allison L, Machado P, Morfill C, Fleck RA, Porter AE, Phillips CC. Infrared nanoimaging of neuronal ultrastructure and nanoparticle interaction with cells. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:6190-6198. [PMID: 38445876 PMCID: PMC10956966 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04948e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Here we introduce scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) as a novel tool for nanoscale chemical-imaging of sub-cellular organelles, nanomaterials and of the interactions between them. Our setup uses a tuneable mid-infrared laser and a sharp scanning probe to image at a resolution substantially surpassing the diffraction limit. The laser can be tuned to excite vibrational modes of functional groups in biomolecules, (e.g. amide moieties), in a way that enables direct chemical mapping without the need for labelling. We, for the first time, chemically image neuronal ultrastructure, identify neuronal organelles and sub-organelle structures as small as 10 nm and validate our findings using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We produce chemical and morphological maps of neurons treated with gold nanospheres and characterize nanoparticle size and intracellular location, and their interaction with the plasma membrane. Our results show that the label-free nature of s-SNOM means it has a 'true' chemical resolution of up to 20 nm which can be further improved. We argue that it offers significant potential in nanomedicine for nanoscale chemical imaging of cell ultrastructure and the subcellular distribution of nanomaterials within tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- George E Greaves
- Experimental Solid State Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2BW, UK.
| | - Leanne Allison
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, Kings College London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Pedro Machado
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, Kings College London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Corinne Morfill
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Roland A Fleck
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, Kings College London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Kings College London, SE1 1YR, UK
| | - Alexandra E Porter
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Chris C Phillips
- Experimental Solid State Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2BW, UK.
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5
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Alexiev U, Rühl E. Visualization of Nanocarriers and Drugs in Cells and Tissue. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024; 284:153-189. [PMID: 37566121 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, the visualization of nanocarriers and drugs in cells and tissue is reviewed. This topic is tightly connected to modern drug delivery, which relies on nanoscopic drug formulation approaches and the ability to probe nanoparticulate systems selectively in cells and tissue using advanced spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. We first give an overview of the breadth of this research field. Then, we mainly focus on topical drug delivery to the skin and discuss selected visualization techniques from spectromicroscopy, such as scanning transmission X-ray microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging. These techniques rely on the sensitive and quantitative detection of the topically applied drug delivery systems and active substances, either by exploiting their molecular properties or by introducing environmentally sensitive probes that facilitate their detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Alexiev
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Eckart Rühl
- Physikalische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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6
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Pugachev AD, Kozlenko AS, Makarova NI, Rostovtseva IA, Ozhogin IV, Dmitriev VS, Borodkin GS, Tkachev VV, Utenyshev AN, Sazykina MA, Sazykin IS, Azhogina TN, Karchava SK, Klimova MV, Metelitsa AV, Lukyanov BS. Molecular design and synthesis of methoxy-substitued spiropyrans with photomodulated NIR-fluorescence. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:2651-2673. [PMID: 37733213 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00479-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the molecular design and synthesis of salt spiropyrans with near-IR fluorescence. The structure of the obtained compounds was confirmed by NMR, IR and mass spectroscopy. In the course of studying the spectral and photoluminescent characteristics, it was possible to reveal the effect of some substituents in various positions on the properties of spiropyran dyes. Due to the structural similarity of one of the isomers to cyanine dyes, the obtained compounds are of interest as potential fluorescent probes for bioimagimg, in particular, for DNA studies. To reveal their ability of binding to DNA molecules molecular docking was carried out. Toxic effects of compounds demonstrating NIR fluorescence were studied on biofilms, as well as using bacterial lux-biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem D Pugachev
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 344090 Stachki prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, Russian Federation.
| | - Anastasia S Kozlenko
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 344090 Stachki prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda I Makarova
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 344090 Stachki prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Irina A Rostovtseva
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 344090 Stachki prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya V Ozhogin
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 344090 Stachki prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Vitaly S Dmitriev
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 344090 Stachki prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Gennady S Borodkin
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 344090 Stachki prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Valery V Tkachev
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Ac. Semenov Avenue, 1, Moscow Region, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey N Utenyshev
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Ac. Semenov Avenue, 1, Moscow Region, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation
| | - Marina A Sazykina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnologies, Southern Federal University, 344090 Stachki prosp., 194/1, Rostov-On-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan S Sazykin
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnologies, Southern Federal University, 344090 Stachki prosp., 194/1, Rostov-On-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana N Azhogina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnologies, Southern Federal University, 344090 Stachki prosp., 194/1, Rostov-On-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Shorena K Karchava
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnologies, Southern Federal University, 344090 Stachki prosp., 194/1, Rostov-On-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Maria V Klimova
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnologies, Southern Federal University, 344090 Stachki prosp., 194/1, Rostov-On-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Anatoly V Metelitsa
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 344090 Stachki prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Boris S Lukyanov
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 344090 Stachki prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, Russian Federation
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7
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Vicentini E, Nuansing W, Niehues I, Amenabar I, Bittner AM, Hillenbrand R, Schnell M. Pseudoheterodyne interferometry for multicolor near-field imaging. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:22308-22322. [PMID: 37475345 DOI: 10.1364/oe.492213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
We report the development and characterization of a detection technique for scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) that enables near-field amplitude and phase imaging at two or more wavelengths simultaneously. To this end, we introduce multispectral pseudoheterodyne (PSH) interferometry, where infrared lasers are combined to form a beam with a discrete spectrum of laser lines and a time-multiplexing scheme is employed to allow for the use of a single infrared detector. We first describe and validate the implementation of multispectral PSH into a commercial s-SNOM instrument. We then demonstrate its application for the real-time correction of the negative phase contrast (NPC), which provides reliable imaging of weak IR absorption at the nanoscale. We anticipate that multispectral PSH could improve data throughput, reduce effects of sample and interferometer drift, and help to establish multicolor s-SNOM imaging as a regular imaging modality, which could be particularly interesting as new infrared light sources become available.
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8
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Greaves GE, Kiryushko D, Auner HW, Porter AE, Phillips CC. Label-free nanoscale mapping of intracellular organelle chemistry. Commun Biol 2023; 6:583. [PMID: 37258606 PMCID: PMC10232547 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to image cell chemistry at the nanoscale is key for understanding cell biology, but many optical microscopies are restricted by the ~(200-250)nm diffraction limit. Electron microscopy and super-resolution fluorescence techniques beat this limit, but rely on staining and specialised labelling to generate image contrast. It is challenging, therefore, to obtain information about the functional chemistry of intracellular components. Here we demonstrate a technique for intracellular label-free chemical mapping with nanoscale (~30 nm) resolution. We use a probe-based optical microscope illuminated with a mid-infrared laser whose wavelengths excite vibrational modes of functional groups occurring within biological molecules. As a demonstration, we chemically map intracellular structures in human multiple myeloma cells and compare the morphologies with electron micrographs of the same cell line. We also demonstrate label-free mapping at wavelengths chosen to target the chemical signatures of proteins and nucleic acids, in a way that can be used to identify biochemical markers in the study of disease and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- George E Greaves
- Experimental Solid State Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Darya Kiryushko
- Experimental Solid State Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Holger W Auner
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, The Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra E Porter
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Chris C Phillips
- Experimental Solid State Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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9
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Wang H, Lee D, Wei L. Toward the Next Frontiers of Vibrational Bioimaging. CHEMICAL & BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 1:3-17. [PMID: 37122829 PMCID: PMC10131268 DOI: 10.1021/cbmi.3c00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Chemical imaging based on vibrational contrasts can extract molecular information entangled in complex biological systems. To this end, nonlinear Raman scattering microscopy, mid-infrared photothermal (MIP) microscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based force-detected photothermal microscopies are emerging with better chemical sensitivity, molecular specificity, and spatial resolution than conventional vibrational methods. Their utilization in bioimaging applications has provided biological knowledge in unprecedented detail. This Perspective outlines key methodological developments, bioimaging applications, and recent technical innovations of the three techniques. Representative biological demonstrations are also highlighted to exemplify the unique advantages of obtaining vibrational contrasts. With years of effort, these three methods compose an expanding vibrational bioimaging toolbox to tackle specific bioimaging needs, benefiting many biological investigations with rich information in both label-free and labeling manners. Each technique will be discussed and compared in the outlook, leading to possible future directions to accommodate growing needs in vibrational bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haomin Wang
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Dongkwan Lee
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Lu Wei
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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10
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Contributions of vibrational spectroscopy to virology: A review. CLINICAL SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 4:100022. [PMCID: PMC9093054 DOI: 10.1016/j.clispe.2022.100022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopic techniques, both infrared absorption and Raman scattering, are high precision, label free analytical techniques which have found applications in fields as diverse as analytical chemistry, pharmacology, forensics and archeometrics and, in recent times, have attracted increasing attention for biomedical applications. As analytical techniques, they have been applied to the characterisation of viruses as early as the 1970 s, and, in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, have been explored in response to the World Health Organisation as novel methodologies to aid in the global efforts to implement and improve rapid screening of viral infection. This review considers the history of the application of vibrational spectroscopic techniques to the characterisation of the morphology and chemical compositions of viruses, their attachment to, uptake by and replication in cells, and their potential for the detection of viruses in population screening, and in infection response monitoring applications. Particular consideration is devoted to recent efforts in the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and monitoring COVID-19.
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11
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Stanciu SG, Tranca DE, Zampini G, Hristu R, Stanciu GA, Chen X, Liu M, Stenmark HA, Latterini L. Scattering-type Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy of Polymer-Coated Gold Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:11353-11362. [PMID: 35415325 PMCID: PMC8992282 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) has emerged over the past years as a powerful characterization tool that can probe important properties of advanced materials and biological samples in a label-free manner, with spatial resolutions lying in the nanoscale realm. In this work, we explore such usefulness in relationship with an interesting class of materials: polymer-coated gold nanoparticles (NPs). As thoroughly discussed in recent works, the interplay between the Au core and the polymeric shell has been found to be important in many applications devoted to biomedicine. We investigate bare Au NPs next to polystyrenesulfonate (PSS) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) coated ones under 532 nm laser excitation, an wavelength matching the surface plasmon band of the custom-synthesized nanoparticles. We observe consistent s-SNOM phase signals in the case of bare and shallow-coated Au NPs, whereas for thicker shell instances, these signals fade. For all investigated samples, the s-SNOM amplitude signals were found to be very weak, which may be related to reduced scattering efficiency due to absorption of the incident beam. We consider these observations important, as they may facilitate studies and applications in nanomedicine and nanotechnology where the precise positioning of polymer-coated Au NPs with nanoscale resolution is needed besides their dielectric function and related intrinsic optical properties, which are also quantitatively available with s-SNOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan G. Stanciu
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 060042, Romania
| | - Denis E. Tranca
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 060042, Romania
| | - Giulia Zampini
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Perugia University, Via Elce di sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Radu Hristu
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 060042, Romania
| | - George A. Stanciu
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 060042, Romania
| | - Xinzhong Chen
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Mengkun Liu
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- National
Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Harald A. Stenmark
- Department
of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0379, Norway
| | - Loredana Latterini
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Perugia University, Via Elce di sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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