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Zhang J, Sjøberg KA, Gong S, Wang T, Li F, Kuo A, Durot S, Majcher A, Ardicoglu R, Desgeorges T, Mann CG, Soro Arnáiz I, Fitzgerald G, Gilardoni P, Abel ED, Kon S, Olivares-Villagómez D, Zamboni N, Wolfrum C, Hornemann T, Morscher R, Tisch N, Ghesquière B, Kopf M, Richter EA, De Bock K. Endothelial metabolic control of insulin sensitivity through resident macrophages. Cell Metab 2024:S1550-4131(24)00335-8. [PMID: 39270655 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) not only form passive blood conduits but actively contribute to nutrient transport and organ homeostasis. The role of ECs in glucose homeostasis is, however, poorly understood. Here, we show that, in skeletal muscle, endothelial glucose transporter 1 (Glut1/Slc2a1) controls glucose uptake via vascular metabolic control of muscle-resident macrophages without affecting transendothelial glucose transport. Lowering endothelial Glut1 via genetic depletion (Glut1ΔEC) or upon a short-term high-fat diet increased angiocrine osteopontin (OPN/Spp1) secretion. This promoted resident muscle macrophage activation and proliferation, which impaired muscle insulin sensitivity. Consequently, co-deleting Spp1 from ECs prevented macrophage accumulation and improved insulin sensitivity in Glut1ΔEC mice. Mechanistically, Glut1-dependent endothelial glucose metabolic rewiring increased OPN in a serine metabolism-dependent fashion. Our data illustrate how the glycolytic endothelium creates a microenvironment that controls resident muscle macrophage phenotype and function and directly links resident muscle macrophages to the maintenance of muscle glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kim Anker Sjøberg
- August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Songlin Gong
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Laboratory of Translational Nutritional Biology, Department Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, 8603 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fengqi Li
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Hefei, China
| | - Andrew Kuo
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephan Durot
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Adam Majcher
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Raphaela Ardicoglu
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland; Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thibaut Desgeorges
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Greta Mann
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ines Soro Arnáiz
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gillian Fitzgerald
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Paola Gilardoni
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - E Dale Abel
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shigeyuki Kon
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Japan
| | - Danyvid Olivares-Villagómez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nicola Zamboni
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Laboratory of Translational Nutritional Biology, Department Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, 8603 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Morscher
- Pediatric Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Children`s Research Center, University of Zürich, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Tisch
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- Metabolomics Core Facility Leuven, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Applied Mass Spectrometry, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Manfred Kopf
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Erik A Richter
- August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katrien De Bock
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zürich, Switzerland.
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2
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Augustin HG, Koh GY. A systems view of the vascular endothelium in health and disease. Cell 2024; 187:4833-4858. [PMID: 39241746 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
The dysfunction of blood-vessel-lining endothelial cells is a major cause of mortality. Although endothelial cells, being present in all organs as a single-cell layer, are often conceived as a rather inert cell population, the vascular endothelium as a whole should be considered a highly dynamic and interactive systemically disseminated organ. We present here a holistic view of the field of vascular research and review the diverse functions of blood-vessel-lining endothelial cells during the life cycle of the vasculature, namely responsive and relaying functions of the vascular endothelium and the responsive roles as instructive gatekeepers of organ function. Emerging translational perspectives in regenerative medicine, preventive medicine, and aging research are developed. Collectively, this review is aimed at promoting disciplinary coherence in the field of angioscience for a broader appreciation of the importance of the vasculature for organ function, systemic health, and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hellmut G Augustin
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Gou Young Koh
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Lu AL, Yin L, Huang Y, Islam ZH, Kanchetty R, Johnston C, Zhang K, Xie X, Park KH, Chalfant CE, Wang B. The role of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching and angioplasty-induced intimal hyperplasia. JVS Vasc Sci 2024; 5:100214. [PMID: 39318609 PMCID: PMC11420449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2024.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Restenosis poses a significant challenge for individuals afflicted with peripheral artery diseases, often leading to considerable morbidity and necessitating repeated interventions. The primary culprit behind the pathogenesis of restenosis is intimal hyperplasia (IH), in which the hyperproliferative and migratory vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) accumulate excessively in the tunica intima. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), sometimes referred to as PGD, is one of the critical enzymes in pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). In this study, we sought to probe whether 6PGD is aberrantly regulated in IH and contributes to VSMC phenotypic switching. Methods We used clinical specimens of diseased human coronary arteries with IH lesions and observed robust upregulation of 6PGD at protein level in both the medial and intimal layers in comparison with healthy arterial segments. Results 6PGD activity and protein expression were profoundly stimulated upon platelet-derived growth factor-induced VSMC phenotypic switching. Using gain-of-function (dCas9-mediated transcriptional activation) and loss-of-function (small interfering RNA-mediated) silencing, we were able to demonstrate the pathogenic role of 6PGD in driving VSMC hyperproliferation, migration, dedifferentiation, and inflammation. Finally, we conducted a rat model of balloon angioplasty in the common carotid artery, with Pluronic hydrogel-assisted perivascular delivery of Physcion, a selective 6PGD inhibitor with poor systemic bioavailability, and observed effective mitigation of IH. Conclusions We contend that aberrant 6PGD expression and activity-indicative of a metabolic shift toward pentose phosphate pathway-could serve as a new disease-driving mechanism and, hence, an actionable target for the development of effective new therapies for IH and restenosis after endovascular interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Lu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Yitao Huang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Zain Husain Islam
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Rohan Kanchetty
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Campbell Johnston
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Kaijie Zhang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Xiujie Xie
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Charles E Chalfant
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Research Service, Richmond Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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Wu N, Meng S, Li Z, Fang J, Qi C, Kong T, Liu Z. Tailoring the Heterogeneous Structure of Macro-Fibers Assembled by Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibrils for Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307603. [PMID: 38213024 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose/oxidized bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BC/oxBCNFs) macro-fibers are developed as a novel scaffold for vascular tissue engineering. Utilizing a low-speed rotary coagulation spinning technique and precise solvent control, macro-fibers with a unique heterogeneous structure with dense surface and porous core are created. Enhanced by a polydopamine (PDA) coating, these macro-fibers offer robust mechanical integrity, high biocompatibility, and excellent cell adhesion. When cultured with endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs), the macro-fibers support healthy cell proliferation and exhibit a unique spiral SMC alignment, demonstrating their vascular suitability. This innovative strategy opens new avenues for advances in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihuan Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Si Meng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Jie Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Cheng Qi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Optomechatronics Engineering, College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Tiantian Kong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518037, China
| | - Zhou Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
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Wang J, Yang X, Xu M, Liu H, Liu L, Tan Z. Distinct cellular microenvironment with cytotypic effects regulates orderly regeneration of vascular tissues. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101033. [PMID: 38533377 PMCID: PMC10963652 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of the architecturally complex blood vascular system requires precise temporal and spatial control of cell behaviours. Additional components must be integrated into the structure to achieve clinical success for in situ tissue engineering. Consequently, this study proposed a universal method for including any substrate type in vascular cell extracellular matrices (VCEM) via regulating selective adhesion to promote vascular tissue regeneration. The results uncovered that the VCEM worked as cell adhesion substrates, exhibited cell type specificity, and functioned as an address signal for recognition by vascular cells, which resulted in matching with the determined cells. The qPCR and immunofluorescence results revealed that a cell type-specific VCEM could be designed to promote or inhibit cell adhesion, consistenting with the expression patterns of eyes absent 3 (Eya3). In addition, a 3D vascular graft combined with VCEM which could recapitulate the vascular cell-like microenvironment was fabricated. The vascular graft revealed a prospective role for cellular microenvironment in the establishment of vascular cell distribution and tissue architecture, and potentiated the orderly regeneration and functional recovery of vascular tissues in vivo. The findings demonstrate that differential adhesion between cell types due to the cellular microenvironment is sufficient to drive the complex assembly of engineered blood vessel functional units, and underlies hierarchical organization during vascular regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Institute of Shenzhen, Hunan University Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xun Yang
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, 518028, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Miaomiao Xu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou, 511300, China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou, 511300, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, 518028, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zhikai Tan
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Institute of Shenzhen, Hunan University Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou, 511300, China
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6
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Signoretti C, Gupte SA. G6PD Orchestrates Genome-Wide DNA Methylation and Gene Expression in the Vascular Wall. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16727. [PMID: 38069050 PMCID: PMC10706803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have revealed the importance of epigenetic modifications to gene regulation and transcriptional activity. DNA methylation, a determinant of genetic imprinting and the de novo silencing of genes genome-wide, is known to be controlled by DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) and demethylases (TET) under disease conditions. However, the mechanism(s)/factor(s) influencing the expression and activity of epigenetic writers and erasers, and thus DNA methylation, in healthy vascular tissue is incompletely understood. Based on our recent studies, we hypothesized that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a modifier of DNMT and TET expression and activity and an enabler of gene expression. In the aorta of CRISPR-edited rats with the Mediterranean G6PD variant, we determined DNA methylation by whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, gene expression by RNA sequencing, and large artery stiffness by echocardiography. Here, we documented higher expression of Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, Tet2, and Tet3 in aortas from Mediterranean G6PDS188F variant (a loss-of-function single nucleotide polymorphism) rats than their wild-type littermates. Concomitantly, we identified 17,618 differentially methylated loci genome-wide (5787 hypermethylated loci, including down-regulated genes encoding inflammation- and vasoconstriction-causing proteins, and 11,827 hypomethylated loci, including up-regulated genes encoding smooth muscle cell differentiation- and fatty acid metabolism-promoting proteins) in aortas from G6PDS188F as compared to wild-type rats. Our results demonstrated that nitric oxide, which is generated in a G6PD-derived NADPH-dependent manner, increases TET and decreases DNMT activity. Further, we observed less large artery (aorta) stiffness in G6PDS188F as compared to wild-type rats. These results establish a noncanonical function of the wild-type G6PD and G6PDS188F variant in the regulation of DNA methylation and gene expression in healthy vascular tissue and reveal that the G6PDS188F variant contributes to reducing large artery stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sachin A. Gupte
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA;
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7
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Park MR, Ahn JS, Lee MG, Lee BR, Ock SA, Byun SJ, Hwang IS. Characterization of Enlarged Tongues in Cloned Piglets. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9103-9116. [PMID: 37998748 PMCID: PMC10670481 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45110571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the efficiency of cloning remains very low, this technique has become the most reliable way to produce transgenic pigs. However, the high rate of abnormal offspring such as an enlarged tongue lowers the cloning efficiency by reducing the early survivability of piglets. Thus, the present study was conducted to identify the characteristics of the enlarged tongue from cloned piglets by histologic and transcriptomic analysis. As a result, it was observed that the tissues from enlarged tongues (n = 3) showed isolated and broken muscle bundles with wide spaces while the tissues from normal tongues (n = 3) showed the tight connection of muscle bundles without space by histological analysis. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy results also showed the formation of isolated and broken muscle bundles in enlarged tongues. The transcriptome analysis showed a total of 197 upregulated and 139 downregulated genes with more than 2-fold changes in enlarged tongues. Moreover, there was clear evidence for the difference between groups in the muscle system process with high relation in the biological process by gene ontology analysis. The analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes pathway of differentially expressed genes indicated that the pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and glucagon signaling pathway were also involved. Conclusively, our results could suggest that the abnormal glycolytic regulation may result in the formation of an enlarged tongue. These findings might have the potential to understand the underlying mechanisms, abnormal development, and disease diagnosis in cloned pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ryung Park
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (M.-R.P.)
| | - Jin Seop Ahn
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Min Gook Lee
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (M.-R.P.)
| | - Bo Ram Lee
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (M.-R.P.)
| | - Sun A Ock
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (M.-R.P.)
| | - Sung June Byun
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (M.-R.P.)
| | - In-Sul Hwang
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (M.-R.P.)
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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8
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Yan W, Wang Z, Zhou B. Population evolution of seagrasses returning to the ocean. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20231. [PMID: 37809433 PMCID: PMC10559988 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Seagrasses are higher flowering plants that live entirely in marine environments, with the greatest habitat variation occurring from land to sea. Genetic structure or population differentiation history is a hot topic in evolutionary biology, which is of great significance for understanding speciation. Genetic information is obtained from geographically distributed subpopulations, different subspecies, or strains of the same species using next-generation sequencing techniques. Genetic variation is identified by comparison with reference genomes. Genetic diversity is explored using population structure, principal component analysis (PCA), and phylogenetic relationships. Patterns of population genetic differentiation are elucidated by combining the isolation by distance (IBD) model, linkage disequilibrium levels, and genetic statistical analysis. Demographic history is simulated using effective population size, divergence time, and site frequency spectrum (SFS). Through various population genetic analyses, the genetic structure and historical population dynamics of seagrass can be clarified, and their evolutionary processes can be further explored at the molecular level to understand how evolutionary processes contributed to the formation of early ecological species and provide data support for seagrass conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Yan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhaohua Wang
- First Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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9
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Zhu X, Wang Y, Soaita I, Lee HW, Bae H, Boutagy N, Bostwick A, Zhang RM, Bowman C, Xu Y, Trefely S, Chen Y, Qin L, Sessa W, Tellides G, Jang C, Snyder NW, Yu L, Arany Z, Simons M. Acetate controls endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1163-1178.e10. [PMID: 37327791 PMCID: PMC10529701 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), a process initiated by activation of endothelial TGF-β signaling, underlies numerous chronic vascular diseases and fibrotic states. Once induced, EndMT leads to a further increase in TGF-β signaling, thus establishing a positive-feedback loop with EndMT leading to more EndMT. Although EndMT is understood at the cellular level, the molecular basis of TGF-β-driven EndMT induction and persistence remains largely unknown. Here, we show that metabolic modulation of the endothelium, triggered by atypical production of acetate from glucose, underlies TGF-β-driven EndMT. Induction of EndMT suppresses the expression of the enzyme PDK4, which leads to an increase in ACSS2-dependent Ac-CoA synthesis from pyruvate-derived acetate. This increased Ac-CoA production results in acetylation of the TGF-β receptor ALK5 and SMADs 2 and 4 leading to activation and long-term stabilization of TGF-β signaling. Our results establish the metabolic basis of EndMT persistence and unveil novel targets, such as ACSS2, for the potential treatment of chronic vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhu
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yunyun Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ioana Soaita
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Heon-Woo Lee
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hosung Bae
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nabil Boutagy
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anna Bostwick
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rong-Mo Zhang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Caitlyn Bowman
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yanying Xu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Coronary Circulation Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sophie Trefely
- Epigenetics and Signaling Program, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yu Chen
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingfeng Qin
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - William Sessa
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - George Tellides
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nathaniel W Snyder
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Luyang Yu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zoltan Arany
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Michael Simons
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Uncovering the Gene Regulatory Network of Endothelial Cells in Mouse Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Insights from Single-Nuclei RNA Sequencing Analysis. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030422. [PMID: 36979114 PMCID: PMC10045518 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe X-linked recessive disorder caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene, which leads to heart and respiratory failure. Despite the critical impact of DMD on endothelial cells (ECs), there is limited understanding of its effect on the endothelial gene network. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of DMD on the gene regulatory network of ECs. Methods and Results: To gain insights into the role of the dystrophin muscular dystrophy gene (DMD) in ECs from Duchenne muscular dystrophy; the study utilized single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to evaluate the transcriptomic profile of ECs from skeletal muscles in DMD mutant mice (DMDmut) and wild-type control mice. The analysis showed that the DMD mutation resulted in the suppression of several genes, including SPTBN1 and the upregulation of multiple long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). GM48099, GM19951, and GM15564 were consistently upregulated in ECs and skeletal muscle cells from DMDmut, indicating that these dysregulated lncRNAs are conserved across different cell types. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that the DMD mutation activated the following four pathways in ECs: fibrillary collagen trimer, banded collagen fibril, complex of collagen trimers, and purine nucleotide metabolism. The study also found that the metabolic pathway activity of ECs was altered. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), fatty acid degradation, glycolysis, and pyruvate metabolism were decreased while purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and one carbon pool by folate were increased. Moreover, the study investigated the impact of the DMD mutation on ECs from skeletal muscles and found a significant decrease in their overall number, but no change in their proliferation. Conclusions: Overall, this study provides new insights into the gene regulatory program in ECs in DMD and highlights the importance of further research in this area.
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Signoretti C, Gupte SA. Studies in CRISPR-generated Mediterranean G6PD variant rats reveal G6PD orchestrates genome-wide DNA methylation and gene expression in vascular wall. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.06.531429. [PMID: 36945640 PMCID: PMC10028921 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.06.531429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Recent advances have revealed the importance of epigenetic modifications to gene regulation and transcriptional activity. DNA methylation, a determinant of genetic imprinting and de novo silencing of genes genome-wide, is known to be controlled by DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) and demethylases (TET) under disease conditions. However, the mechanism(s)/factor(s) influencing the expression and activity of DNMTs and TETs, and thus DNA methylation, in healthy vascular tissue is incompletely understood. Based on our recent studies, we hypothesized that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a modifier of DNMT and TET expression and activity and an enabler of gene expression. Methods In aorta of CRISPR-edited rats with the Mediterranean G6PD variant we determined DNA methylation by whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, gene expression by RNA sequencing, and large artery stiffness by echocardiography. Results Here, we documented higher expression of Dnmt3a, Tet2, and Tet3 in aortas from Mediterranean G6PDS188F variant (a loss-of-function single nucleotide polymorphism) rats than their wild-type littermates. Concomitantly, we identified 17,618 differentially methylated loci genome-wide (5,787 hypermethylated loci, including down-regulated genes encoding inflammation- and vasoconstriction-causing proteins, and 11,827 hypomethylated loci, including up-regulated genes encoding smooth muscle cell differentiation- and fatty acid metabolism-promoting proteins) in aorta from G6PDS188F as compared to wild-type rats. Further, we observed less large artery (aorta) stiffness in G6PDS188F as compared to wild-type rats. Conclusions These results establish a noncanonical function of the wild-type G6PD and G6PDS188F variant in the regulation of DNA methylation and gene expression in healthy vascular tissue and reveals G6PDS188F variant contributes to reduce large artery stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sachin A. Gupte
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, 10595
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Lidonnici J, Santoro MM, Oberkersch RE. Cancer-Induced Metabolic Rewiring of Tumor Endothelial Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112735. [PMID: 35681715 PMCID: PMC9179421 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting ones, is a complex and demanding biological process that plays an important role in physiological, as well as pathological conditions, including cancer. During tumor growth, the induction of angiogenesis allows tumor cells to grow, invade, and metastasize. Recent evidence supports endothelial cell metabolism as a critical regulator of angiogenesis. However, whether and how tumor endothelial cells rewire their metabolism in cancer remains elusive. In this review, we discussed the metabolic signatures of tumor endothelial cells and their symbiotic, competitive, and mechanical metabolic interactions with tumor cells. We also discussed the recent works that may provide a rationale for attractive metabolic targets and strategies for developing specific therapies against tumor angiogenesis. Abstract Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. If left untreated, tumors tend to grow and spread uncontrolled until the patient dies. To support this growth, cancer cells need large amounts of nutrients and growth factors that are supplied and distributed to the tumor tissue by the vascular system. The aberrant tumor vasculature shows deep morphological, molecular, and metabolic differences compared to the blood vessels belonging to the non-malignant tissues (also referred as normal). A better understanding of the metabolic mechanisms driving the differences between normal and tumor vasculature will allow the designing of new drugs with a higher specificity of action and fewer side effects to target tumors and improve a patient’s life expectancy. In this review, we aim to summarize the main features of tumor endothelial cells (TECs) and shed light on the critical metabolic pathways that characterize these cells. A better understanding of such mechanisms will help to design innovative therapeutic strategies in healthy and diseased angiogenesis.
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Abstract
Facchinello, Astone et al. demonstrate a role for the endothelial oxidative Pentose Phosphate Pathway (oxPPP) in promoting vascular mural cell coverage and maturation during early development by regulating elastin expression, establishing a critical role of oxPPP in the formation of the vascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Cherepanova
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Tatiana V Byzova
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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