1
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Oatman N, Gawali MV, Congrove S, Caceres R, Sukumaran A, Gupta N, Murugesan N, Arora P, Subramanian SV, Choi K, Abdel-Malek Z, Reisz JA, Stephenson D, Amaravadi R, Desai P, D’Alessandro A, Komurov K, Dasgupta B. A Multimodal Drug-Diet-Immunotherapy Combination Restrains Melanoma Progression and Metastasis. Cancer Res 2024; 84:2333-2351. [PMID: 38885087 PMCID: PMC11250569 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The genetic landscape of cancer cells can lead to specific metabolic dependencies for tumor growth. Dietary interventions represent an attractive strategy to restrict the availability of key nutrients to tumors. In this study, we identified that growth of a subset of melanoma was severely restricted by a rationally designed combination therapy of a stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) inhibitor with an isocaloric low-oleic acid diet. Despite its importance in oncogenesis, SCD underwent monoallelic codeletion along with PTEN on chromosome 10q in approximately 47.5% of melanoma, and the other SCD allele was methylated, resulting in very low-SCD expression. Although this SCD-deficient subset was refractory to SCD inhibitors, the subset of PTEN wild-type melanoma that retained SCD was sensitive. As dietary oleic acid could potentially blunt the effect of SCD inhibitors, a low oleic acid custom diet was combined with an SCD inhibitor. The combination reduced monounsaturated fatty acids and increased saturated fatty acids, inducing robust apoptosis and growth suppression and inhibiting lung metastasis with minimal toxicity in preclinical mouse models of PTEN wild-type melanoma. When combined with anti-PD1 immunotherapy, the SCD inhibitor improved T-cell functionality and further constrained melanoma growth in mice. Collectively, these results suggest that optimizing SCD inhibitors with diets low in oleic acid may offer a viable and efficacious therapeutic approach for improving melanoma treatment. Significance: Blockade of endogenous production of fatty acids essential for melanoma combined with restriction of dietary intake blocks tumor growth and enhances response to immunotherapy, providing a rational drug-diet treatment regimen for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Oatman
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Mruniya V. Gawali
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Sunny Congrove
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Roman Caceres
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Abitha Sukumaran
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Nishtha Gupta
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Narmadha Murugesan
- Divisions of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Priyanka Arora
- College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | | | - Kwangmin Choi
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | | | - Julie A. Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Daniel Stephenson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Ravi Amaravadi
- Department of Medicine and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Pankaj Desai
- College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Angelo D’Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Kakajan Komurov
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Biplab Dasgupta
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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2
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Terry AR, Hay N. Emerging targets in lipid metabolism for cancer therapy. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024; 45:537-551. [PMID: 38762377 PMCID: PMC11162322 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells perturb lipid metabolic pathways for a variety of pro-tumorigenic functions, and deregulated cellular metabolism is a hallmark of cancer cells. Although alterations in lipid metabolism in cancer cells have been appreciated for over 20 years, there are no FDA-approved cancer treatments that target lipid-related pathways. Recent advances pertaining to cancer cell fatty acid synthesis (FAS), desaturation, and uptake, microenvironmental and dietary lipids, and lipid metabolism of tumor-infiltrating immune cells have illuminated promising clinical applications for targeting lipid metabolism. This review highlights emerging pathways and targets for tumor lipid metabolism that may soon impact clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Terry
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Nissim Hay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; Research and Development Section, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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3
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Goldberg L, Haas ER, Urak R, Vyas V, Pathak KV, Garcia-Mansfield K, Pirrotte P, Singhal J, Figarola JL, Aldoss I, Forman SJ, Wang X. Immunometabolic Adaptation of CD19-Targeted CAR T Cells in the Central Nervous System Microenvironment of Patients Promotes Memory Development. Cancer Res 2024; 84:1048-1064. [PMID: 38315779 PMCID: PMC10984768 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-2299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of T-cell activation, and metabolic fitness is fundamental for T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Insights into the metabolic plasticity of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in patients could help identify approaches to improve their efficacy in treating cancer. Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal immunometabolic adaptation of CD19-targeted CAR T cells using clinical samples from CAR T-cell-treated patients. Context-dependent immunometabolic adaptation of CAR T cells demonstrated the link between their metabolism, activation, differentiation, function, and local microenvironment. Specifically, compared with the peripheral blood, low lipid availability, high IL15, and low TGFβ in the central nervous system microenvironment promoted immunometabolic adaptation of CAR T cells, including upregulation of a lipolytic signature and memory properties. Pharmacologic inhibition of lipolysis in cerebrospinal fluid led to decreased CAR T-cell survival. Furthermore, manufacturing CAR T cells in cerebrospinal fluid enhanced their metabolic fitness and antileukemic activity. Overall, this study elucidates spatiotemporal immunometabolic rewiring of CAR T cells in patients and demonstrates that these adaptations can be exploited to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of CAR T cells. SIGNIFICANCE The spatiotemporal immunometabolic landscape of CD19-targeted CAR T cells from patients reveals metabolic adaptations in specific microenvironments that can be exploited to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of CAR T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lior Goldberg
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Eric R. Haas
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Ionic Cytometry Solutions, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Ryan Urak
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Vibhuti Vyas
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Khyatiben V. Pathak
- Integrated Mass Spectrometry Shared Resource, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Cancer & Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Krystine Garcia-Mansfield
- Integrated Mass Spectrometry Shared Resource, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Cancer & Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Patrick Pirrotte
- Integrated Mass Spectrometry Shared Resource, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Cancer & Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA
| | - Jyotsana Singhal
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - James L. Figarola
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ibrahim Aldoss
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Stephen J. Forman
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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4
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Mirian C, Thastrup M, Mathiasen R, Schmiegelow K, Olsen JV, Østergaard O. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics of cerebrospinal fluid in pediatric central nervous system malignancies: a systematic review with meta-analysis of individual patient data. Fluids Barriers CNS 2024; 21:14. [PMID: 38350915 PMCID: PMC10863112 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-024-00515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome could offer important insights into central nervous system (CNS) malignancies. To advance proteomic research in pediatric CNS cancer, the current study aims to (1) evaluate past mass spectrometry-based workflows and (2) synthesize previous CSF proteomic data, focusing on both qualitative summaries and quantitative re-analysis. MAIN: In our analysis of 11 studies investigating the CSF proteome in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or primary brain tumors, we observed significant methodological variability. This variability negatively affects comparative analysis of the included studies, as per GRADE criteria for quality of evidence. The qualitative summaries covered 161 patients and 134 non-tumor controls, while the application of validation cohort varied among the studies. The quantitative re-analysis comprised 15 B-ALL vs 6 "healthy" controls and 15 medulloblastoma patients vs 22 non-tumor controls. Certain CSF proteins were identified as potential indicators of specific malignancies or stages of neurotoxicity during chemotherapy, yet definitive conclusions were impeded by inconsistent data. There were no proteins with statistically significant differences when comparing cases versus controls that were corroborated across studies where quantitative reanalysis was feasible. From a gene ontology enrichment, we observed that age disparities between unmatched case and controls may mislead to protein correlations more indicative of age-related CNS developmental stages rather than neuro-oncological disease. Despite efforts to batch correct (HarmonizR) and impute missing values, merging of dataset proved unfeasible and thereby limited meaningful data integration across different studies. CONCLUSION Infrequent publications on rare pediatric cancer entities, which often involve small sample sizes, are inherently prone to result in heterogeneous studies-particularly when conducted within a rapidly evolving field like proteomics. As a result, obtaining clear evidence, such as CSF proteome biomarkers for CNS dissemination or early-stage neurotoxicity, is currently impractical. Our general recommendations comprise the need for standardized methodologies, collaborative efforts, and improved data sharing in pediatric CNS malignancy research. We specifically emphasize the possible importance of considering natural age-related variations in CSF due to different CNS development stages when matching cases and controls in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mirian
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Maria Thastrup
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - René Mathiasen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Velgaard Olsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Østergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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5
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Singh AK, Prasad P, Cancelas JA. Mesenchymal stromal cells, metabolism, and mitochondrial transfer in bone marrow normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1325291. [PMID: 38169927 PMCID: PMC10759248 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1325291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation-based treatments are in different phases of clinical development, ranging from current therapies to a promise in the repair and regeneration of diseased tissues and organs. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), which are fibroblast-like heterogeneous progenitors with multilineage differentiation (osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic) and self-renewal potential, and exist in the bone marrow (BM), adipose, and synovium, among other tissues, represent one of the most widely used sources of stem cells in regenerative medicine. MSCs derived from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) exhibit a variety of traits, including the potential to drive HSC fate and anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive capabilities via paracrine activities and interactions with the innate and adaptive immune systems. The role of BM-MSC-derived adipocytes is more controversial and may act as positive or negative regulators of benign or malignant hematopoiesis based on their anatomical location and functional crosstalk with surrounding cells in the BM microenvironment. This review highlights the most recent clinical and pre-clinical findings on how BM-MSCs interact with the surrounding HSCs, progenitors, and immune cells, and address some recent insights on the mechanisms that mediate MSCs and adipocyte metabolic control through a metabolic crosstalk between BM microenvironment cells and intercellular mitochondrial transfer in normal and malignant hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek K. Singh
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Parash Prasad
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jose A. Cancelas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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6
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Orvain C, Chantepie S, Thomas X, Escofrre-Barbe M, Huguet F, Desbrosses Y, Guillerm G, Uzunov M, Leguay T, Barbieux S, Vey N, Chevallier P, Malfuson JV, Lepretre S, Baumann M, Aykut M, Chaib A, Joris M, Zerazhi H, Stussi G, Chapiro J, Berthon C, Bonmati C, Jourdan E, Carp D, Marcais AR, Gallego-Hernanz MP, Vaida I, Bilger K, Villate A, Pasquier F, Chalandon Y, Maury S, Lheritier V, Ifrah N, Dombret H, Boissel N, Hunault-Berger M. Impact of central nervous system involvement in adult patients with Philadelphia-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a GRAALL-2005 study. Haematologica 2023; 108:3287-3297. [PMID: 36891751 PMCID: PMC10690907 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.282332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Whereas the prognosis of adult patients with Philadelphia-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has greatly improved since the advent of pediatric-inspired regimens, the impact of initial central nervous system (CNS) involvement has not been formerly re-evaluated. We report here the outcome of patients with initial CNS involvement included in the pediatric-inspired prospective randomized GRAALL-2005 study. Between 2006 and 2014, 784 adult patients (aged 18-59 years) with newly diagnosed Philadelphia-negative ALL were included, of whom 55 (7%) had CNS involvement. In CNSpositive patients, overall survival was shorter (median 1.9 years vs. not reached, HR=1.8 [1.3-2.6], P<0.001). While there was no statistical difference in cumulative incidence of relapse between CNS+ and CNS- patients (HR=1.5 [0.9-2.5], P=0.11), non-relapse mortality was significantly higher in those with initial CNS disease (HR=2.1 [1.2-3.5], P=0.01). This increase in toxicity was mostly observed in patients randomized to the high-dose cyclophosphamide arm and in those who received allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Exploratory landmark analyses did not show any association between either cranial irradiation or allogeneic stem cell transplantation and outcome. Despite improved outcome in young adult ALL patients with pediatric-inspired protocols, CNS involvement is associated with a worse outcome mainly due to excess toxicity, without improved outcome with allogeneic SCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Orvain
- Maladies du Sang, CHU d'Angers, Angers, France; Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire Grand-Ouest Acute Leukemia, FHU-GOAL; Universite d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Universite, CRCI2NA, F-49000 Angers
| | | | - Xavier Thomas
- Hematologie Clinique, HCL, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Benite
| | | | - Francoise Huguet
- Hematologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole
| | | | | | | | - Thibaut Leguay
- Hematologie Clinique, Hopital du Haut-Leveque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac
| | - Sarah Barbieux
- Hematologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier de Dunkerque, Dunkerque
| | - Norbert Vey
- Hematologie Clinique, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille
| | | | | | | | - Michael Baumann
- Klinik fur Med. Onkologie und Hamatologie, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Bern
| | - Murat Aykut
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Bern, Switzerland; Klinik fur Medizinische Onkologie und Hamatologie, Universitatsspital Zurich, Zurich
| | - Abdelaziz Chaib
- Hemato-Oncologie et Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier du Pays d'Aix, Aix-en-Provence
| | | | - Hacene Zerazhi
- Hematologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Henri Duffaut, Avignon
| | - Georg Stussi
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Bern, Switzerland; Clinica di Ematologia, Istituto oncologico della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona
| | | | | | | | | | - Diana Carp
- Oncologie Medicale, Centre Hospitalier d'Orleans, Orleans
| | | | | | - Iona Vaida
- Onco-Hematologie, Centre Hospitalier Rene-Dubos, Pontoise
| | - Karin Bilger
- Oncologie et Hematologie, Institut de Cancerologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg
| | - Alban Villate
- Hematologie et Therapie Cellulaire, CHRU de Tours, Tours
| | - Florence Pasquier
- Departement d'Hematologie, Gustave Roussy, Universite Paris-Saclay, Villejuif
| | - Yves Chalandon
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Bern, Switzerland; Department of Oncology, Hematology Division, University Hospital of Geneva and Faculty of Medicine of Geneva, Geneva
| | - Sebastien Maury
- Departement d'Hematologie, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hopital Henri Mondor, Creteil
| | | | - Norbert Ifrah
- Maladies du Sang, CHU d'Angers, Angers, France; Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire Grand-Ouest Acute Leukemia, FHU-GOAL; Universite d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Universite, CRCI2NA, F-49000 Angers
| | - Herve Dombret
- Hematologie Adulte, Hopital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris
| | | | - Mathilde Hunault-Berger
- Maladies du Sang, CHU d'Angers, Angers, France; Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire Grand-Ouest Acute Leukemia, FHU-GOAL; Universite d'Angers, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Nantes Universite, CRCI2NA, F-49000 Angers.
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7
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Guo Z, Huo X, Li X, Jiang C, Xue L. Advances in regulation and function of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 in cancer, from bench to bed. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2773-2785. [PMID: 37450239 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2352-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) converts saturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids. The expression of SCD1 is increased in many cancers, and the altered expression contributes to the proliferation, invasion, sternness and chemoresistance of cancer cells. Recently, more evidence has been reported to further support the important role of SCD1 in cancer, and the regulation mechanism of SCD1 has also been focused. Multiple factors are involved in the regulation of SCD1, including metabolism, diet, tumor microenvironment, transcription factors, non-coding RNAs, and epigenetics modification. Moreover, SCD1 is found to be involved in regulating ferroptosis resistance. Based on these findings, SCD1 has been considered as a potential target for cancer treatment. However, the resistance of SCD1 inhibition may occur in certain tumors due to tumor heterogeneity and metabolic plasticity. This review summarizes recent advances in the regulation and function of SCD1 in tumors and discusses the potential clinical application of targeting SCD1 for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Guo
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao Huo
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xianlong Li
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
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8
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Spory L, Zimmermann J, Vossen-Gajcy M, Beder T, Bastian L, Alsadeq A, Winterberg D, Vogiatzi F, Wirbelauer T, Bhat H, Borkhardt A, Bhatia S, Schrappe M, Cario G, Schewe DM, Lenk L. AP-1 Transcription Factor Complex Members FOSB and FOS are Linked With CNS Infiltration and Inferior Prognosis in Childhood T-ALL. Hemasphere 2023; 7:e945. [PMID: 37670804 PMCID: PMC10476750 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Spory
- Department of Paediatrics I, Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, ALL-BFM Study Group, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannes Zimmermann
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics, Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Germany
| | - Michaela Vossen-Gajcy
- Department of Paediatrics I, Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, ALL-BFM Study Group, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Beder
- Medical Department II, Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lorenz Bastian
- Medical Department II, Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ameera Alsadeq
- Institute of Immunology, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dorothee Winterberg
- Division of Antibody-Based Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, Christian Albrechts University Kiel and University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Fotini Vogiatzi
- Department of Paediatrics I, Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, ALL-BFM Study Group, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tim Wirbelauer
- Department of Paediatrics I, Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, ALL-BFM Study Group, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hilal Bhat
- Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Haematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sanil Bhatia
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Haematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Schrappe
- Department of Paediatrics I, Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, ALL-BFM Study Group, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gunnar Cario
- Department of Paediatrics I, Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, ALL-BFM Study Group, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Denis M. Schewe
- Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lennart Lenk
- Department of Paediatrics I, Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, ALL-BFM Study Group, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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9
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Shen J, Wu G, Pierce BS, Tsai AL, Zhou M. Free ferrous ions sustain activity of mammalian stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1. J Biol Chem 2023:104897. [PMID: 37290533 PMCID: PMC10359943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) introduces a double-bond to a saturated long-chain fatty acid in a reaction catalyzed by a diiron center. The diiron center is well-coordinated by conserved histidine residues and is thought to remain with the enzyme. However, we find here that SCD1 progressively loses its activity during catalysis and becomes fully inactive after nine turnovers. Further studies show that the inactivation of SCD1 is due to the loss of an iron (Fe) ion in the diiron center, and that the addition of free ferrous ions (Fe2+) sustains the enzymatic activity. Using SCD1 labeled with Fe isotope, we further show that free Fe2+ is incorporated into the diiron center only during catalysis. We also discover that the diiron center in SCD1 has prominent electron paramagnetic resonance signals in its diferric state, indicative of distinct coupling between the two ferric ions. These results reveal that the diiron center in SCD1 is structurally dynamic during catalysis and that labile Fe2+ in cells could regulate SCD1 activity, and hence lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemin Shen
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Brad S Pierce
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Ah-Lim Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Ming Zhou
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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10
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Tirado HA, Balasundaram N, Laaouimir L, Erdem A, van Gastel N. Metabolic crosstalk between stromal and malignant cells in the bone marrow niche. Bone Rep 2023; 18:101669. [PMID: 36909665 PMCID: PMC9996235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow is the primary site of blood cell production in adults and serves as the source of osteoblasts and osteoclasts that maintain bone homeostasis. The medullary microenvironment is also involved in malignancy, providing a fertile soil for the growth of blood cancers or solid tumors metastasizing to bone. The cellular composition of the bone marrow is highly complex, consisting of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, maturing blood cells, skeletal stem cells, osteoblasts, mesenchymal stromal cells, adipocytes, endothelial cells, lymphatic endothelial cells, perivascular cells, and nerve cells. Intercellular communication at different levels is essential to ensure proper skeletal and hematopoietic tissue function, but it is altered when malignant cells colonize the bone marrow niche. While communication often involves soluble factors such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as their respective cell-surface receptors, cells can also communicate by exchanging metabolic information. In this review, we discuss the importance of metabolic crosstalk between different cells in the bone marrow microenvironment, particularly concerning the malignant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán A Tirado
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nithya Balasundaram
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lotfi Laaouimir
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ayşegül Erdem
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nick van Gastel
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.,WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
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11
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Rattigan KM, Zarou MM, Helgason GV. Metabolism in stem cell-driven leukemia: parallels between hematopoiesis and immunity. Blood 2023; 141:2553-2565. [PMID: 36634302 PMCID: PMC10646800 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of cancer metabolism spans from its role in cellular energetics and supplying the building blocks necessary for proliferation, to maintaining cellular redox and regulating the cellular epigenome and transcriptome. Cancer metabolism, once thought to be solely driven by upregulated glycolysis, is now known to comprise multiple pathways with great plasticity in response to extrinsic challenges. Furthermore, cancer cells can modify their surrounding niche during disease initiation, maintenance, and metastasis, thereby contributing to therapy resistance. Leukemia is a paradigm model of stem cell-driven cancer. In this study, we review how leukemia remodels the niche and rewires its metabolism, with particular attention paid to therapy-resistant stem cells. Specifically, we aim to give a global, nonexhaustive overview of key metabolic pathways. By contrasting the metabolic rewiring required by myeloid-leukemic stem cells with that required for hematopoiesis and immune cell function, we highlight the metabolic features they share. This is a critical consideration when contemplating anticancer metabolic inhibitor options, especially in the context of anticancer immune therapies. Finally, we examine pathways that have not been studied in leukemia but are critical in solid cancers in the context of metastasis and interaction with new niches. These studies also offer detailed mechanisms that are yet to be investigated in leukemia. Given that cancer (and normal) cells can meet their energy requirements by not only upregulating metabolic pathways but also utilizing systemically available substrates, we aim to inform how interlinked these metabolic pathways are, both within leukemic cells and between cancer cells and their niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Rattigan
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Martha M. Zarou
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - G. Vignir Helgason
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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12
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Kopmar NE, Cassaday RD. How I prevent and treat central nervous system disease in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2023; 141:1379-1388. [PMID: 36548957 PMCID: PMC10082377 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is the most important site of extramedullary disease in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Although CNS disease is identified only in a minority of patients at the time of diagnosis, subsequent CNS relapses (either isolated or concurrent with other sites) occur in some patients even after the delivery of prophylactic therapy targeted to the CNS. Historically, prophylaxis against CNS disease has included intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT), although the latter is being used with decreasing frequency. Treatment of a CNS relapse usually involves intensive systemic therapy and cranial or craniospinal RT along with IT therapy and consideration of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. However, short- and long-term toxicities can make these interventions prohibitively risky, particularly for older adults. As new antibody-based immunotherapy agents have been approved for relapsed/refractory B-cell ALL, their use specifically for patients with CNS disease is an area of keen interest not only because of the potential for efficacy but also concerns of unique toxicity to the CNS. In this review, we discuss data-driven approaches for these common and challenging clinical scenarios as well as highlight how recent findings potentially support the use of novel immunotherapeutic strategies for CNS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam E. Kopmar
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Ryan D. Cassaday
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
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13
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Shen J, Wu G, Pierce BS, Tsai AL, Zhou M. Free ferrous ions sustain activity of mammalian stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.17.533000. [PMID: 36993326 PMCID: PMC10055294 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.17.533000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) introduces a double-bond to a saturated long-chain fatty acid and the reaction is catalyzed by a diiron center, which is well-coordinated by conserved histidine residues and is thought to remain with enzyme. However, we find that SCD1 progressively loses its activity during catalysis and becomes fully inactive after nine turnovers. Further studies show that the inactivation of SCD1 is due to the loss of an iron (Fe) ion in the diiron center, and that the addition of free ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ) sustains the enzymatic activity. Using SCD1 labeled with Fe isotope, we further show that free Fe 2+ is incorporated into the diiron center only during catalysis. We also discover that the diiron center in SCD1 has prominent electron paramagnetic resonance signals in its diferric state, indicative of distinct coupling between the two ferric ions. These results reveal that the diiron center in SCD1 is structurally dynamic during catalysis and that labile Fe 2+ in cells could regulate SCD1 activity, and hence lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemin Shen
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brad S. Pierce
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Ah-Lim Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ming Zhou
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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14
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Protamine 1 as a secreted colorectal cancer-specific antigen facilitating G1/S phase transition under nutrient stress conditions. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:357-373. [PMID: 36593375 PMCID: PMC10060357 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00754-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are optimal tumor diagnostic markers and involved in carcinogenesis. However, colorectal cancer (CRC) related CTAs are less reported with impressive diagnostic capability or relevance with tumor metabolism rewiring. Herein, we demonstrated CRC-related CTA, Protamine 1 (PRM1), as a promising diagnostic marker and involved in regulation of cellular growth under nutrient deficiency. METHODS Transcriptomics of five paired CRC tissues was used to screen CRC-related CTAs. Capability of PRM1 to distinguish CRC was studied by detection of clinical samples through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cellular functions were investigated in CRC cell lines through in vivo and in vitro assays. RESULTS By RNA-seq and detection in 824 clinical samples from two centers, PRM1 expression were upregulated in CRC tissues and patients` serum. Serum PRM1 showed impressive accuracy to diagnose CRC from healthy controls and benign gastrointestinal disease patients, particularly more sensitive for early-staged CRC. Furthermore, we reported that when cells were cultured in serum-reduced medium, PRM1 secretion was upregulated, and secreted PRM1 promoted CRC growth in culture and in mice. Additionally, G1/S phase transition of CRC cells was facilitated by PRM1 protein supplementation and overexpression via activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in serum deficient medium. CONCLUSIONS In general, our research presented PRM1 as a specific CRC antigen and illustrated the importance of PRM1 in CRC metabolism rewiring. The new vulnerability of CRC cells was also provided with the potential to be targeted in future. Diagnostic value and grow factor-like biofunction of PRM1 A represents the secretion process of PRM1 regulated by nutrient deficiency. B represents activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway of secreted PRM1.
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15
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Garcia-Gimenez A, Richardson SE. The role of microenvironment in the initiation and evolution of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1150612. [PMID: 36959797 PMCID: PMC10029760 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1150612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) is a malignant disorder of immature B lineage immune progenitors and is the commonest cancer in children. Despite treatment advances it remains a leading cause of death in childhood and response rates in adults remain poor. A preleukemic state predisposing children to BCP-ALL frequently arises in utero, with an incidence far higher than that of transformed leukemia, offering the potential for early intervention to prevent disease. Understanding the natural history of this disease requires an appreciation of how cell-extrinsic pressures, including microenvironment, immune surveillance and chemotherapy direct cell-intrinsic genetic and epigenetic evolution. In this review, we outline how microenvironmental factors interact with BCP-ALL at different stages of tumorigenesis and highlight emerging therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Garcia-Gimenez
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust—Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon E. Richardson
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust—Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Simon E. Richardson,
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16
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Cousins A, Olivares O, Markert E, Manoharan A, Bubnova X, Bresolin S, Degn M, Li Z, Silvestri D, McGregor G, Tumanov S, Sumpton D, Kamphorst JJ, Michie AM, Herzyk P, Valsecchi MG, Yeoh AE, Schmiegelow K, Te Kronnie G, Gottlieb E, Halsey C. Central nervous system involvement in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia is linked to upregulation of cholesterol biosynthetic pathways. Leukemia 2022; 36:2903-2907. [PMID: 36289348 PMCID: PMC9712090 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Cousins
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - O Olivares
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - E Markert
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Manoharan
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - X Bubnova
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - S Bresolin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - M Degn
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Centre, The University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Z Li
- VIVA-NUS Centre for Translational Research in Acute Leukaemia, Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - D Silvestri
- Center of Biostatistics for Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Health Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - G McGregor
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - S Tumanov
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - D Sumpton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - J J Kamphorst
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - A M Michie
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - P Herzyk
- Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - M G Valsecchi
- Center of Biostatistics for Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Health Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - A E Yeoh
- VIVA-NUS Centre for Translational Research in Acute Leukaemia, Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- VIVA-University Children's Cancer Centre, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - K Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Centre, The University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Copenhagen and Juliane Marie Centre, the University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - G Te Kronnie
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - E Gottlieb
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - C Halsey
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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17
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Thastrup M, Duguid A, Mirian C, Schmiegelow K, Halsey C. Central nervous system involvement in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: challenges and solutions. Leukemia 2022; 36:2751-2768. [PMID: 36266325 PMCID: PMC9712093 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01714-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Delivery of effective anti-leukemic agents to the central nervous system (CNS) is considered essential for cure of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Current CNS-directed therapy comprises systemic therapy with good CNS-penetration accompanied by repeated intrathecal treatments up to 26 times over 2-3 years. This approach prevents most CNS relapses, but is associated with significant short and long term neurotoxicity. Despite this burdensome therapy, there have been no new drugs licensed for CNS-leukemia since the 1960s, when very limited anti-leukemic agents were available and there was no mechanistic understanding of leukemia survival in the CNS. Another major barrier to improved treatment is that we cannot accurately identify children at risk of CNS relapse, or monitor response to treatment, due to a lack of sensitive biomarkers. A paradigm shift in treating the CNS is needed. The challenges are clear - we cannot measure CNS leukemic load, trials have been unable to establish the most effective CNS treatment regimens, and non-toxic approaches for relapsed, refractory, or intolerant patients are lacking. In this review we discuss these challenges and highlight research advances aiming to provide solutions. Unlocking the potential of risk-adapted non-toxic CNS-directed therapy requires; (1) discovery of robust diagnostic, prognostic and response biomarkers for CNS-leukemia, (2) identification of novel therapeutic targets combined with associated investment in drug development and early-phase trials and (3) engineering of immunotherapies to overcome the unique challenges of the CNS microenvironment. Fortunately, research into CNS-ALL is now making progress in addressing these unmet needs: biomarkers, such as CSF-flow cytometry, are now being tested in prospective trials, novel drugs are being tested in Phase I/II trials, and immunotherapies are increasingly available to patients with CNS relapses. The future is hopeful for improved management of the CNS over the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Thastrup
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alasdair Duguid
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christian Mirian
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Proteomics Program, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina Halsey
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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18
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Zhang Z, Yang K, Zhang H. Targeting Leukemia-Initiating Cells and Leukemic Niches: The Next Therapy Station for T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225655. [PMID: 36428753 PMCID: PMC9688677 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive subtype of hematological malignancy characterized by its high heterogeneity and potentially life-threatening clinical features. Despite the advances in risk stratification and therapeutic management of T-ALL, patients often suffer from treatment failure and chemotherapy-induced toxicity, calling for greater efforts to improve therapeutic efficacy and safety in the treatment of T-ALL. During the past decades, increasing evidence has shown the indispensable effects of leukemia-initiating cells (LICs) and leukemic niches on T-ALL initiation and progression. These milestones greatly facilitate precision medicine by interfering with the pathways that are associated with LICs and leukemic niches or by targeting themselves directly. Most of these novel agents, either alone or in combination with conventional chemotherapy, have shown promising preclinical results, facilitating them to be further evaluated under clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the latest discoveries in LICs and leukemic niches in terms of T-ALL, with a particular highlight on the current precision medicine. The challenges and future prospects are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziting Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-158-7796-3252
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19
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Shen J, Wu G, Tsai AL, Zhou M. Transmembrane helices mediate the formation of a stable ternary complex of b 5R, cyt b 5, and SCD1. Commun Biol 2022; 5:956. [PMID: 36097052 PMCID: PMC9468158 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03882-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cytochrome b5 (cyt b5) and cytochrome b5 reductase (b5R) are electron carrier proteins for membrane-embedded oxidoreductases. Both b5R and cyt b5 have a cytosolic domain and a single transmembrane (TM) helix. The cytosolic domains of b5R and cyt b5 contain cofactors required for electron transfer, but it is not clear if the TM helix has function beyond being an anchor to the membrane. Here we show that b5R and cyt b5 form a stable binary complex, and so do cyt b5 and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1). We also show that b5R, cyt b5 and SCD1 form a stable ternary complex. We demonstrate that the TM helices are required for the assembly of stable binary and ternary complexes where electron transfer rates are greatly enhanced. These results reveal a role of the TM helix in cyt b5 and b5R, and suggest that an electron transport chain composed of a stable ternary complex may be a general feature in membrane-embedded oxidoreductases that require cyt b5 and b5R. The transmembrane domains of mammalian cytochrome b5 (cyt b5), cyt b5 reductase (b5R), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) form stable binary complexes between cyt b5/b5R or cyt b5/SCD1 and a ternary complex, which enhance electron transfer rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemin Shen
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gang Wu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ah-Lim Tsai
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ming Zhou
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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20
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Tyagi A, Wu SY, Watabe K. Metabolism in the progression and metastasis of brain tumors. Cancer Lett 2022; 539:215713. [PMID: 35513201 PMCID: PMC9999298 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Malignant brain tumors and metastases pose significant health problems and cause substantial morbidity and mortality in children and adults. Based on epidemiological evidence, gliomas comprise 30% and 80% of primary brain tumors and malignant tumors, respectively. Brain metastases affect 15-30% of cancer patients, particularly primary tumors of the lung, breast, colon, and kidney, and melanoma. Despite advancements in multimodal molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy that do not ensure long-term treatment, malignant brain tumors and metastases contribute significantly to cancer related mortality. Recent studies have shown that metastatic cancer cells possess distinct metabolic traits to adapt and survive in new environment that differs significantly from the primary site in both nutrient composition and availability. As metabolic regulation lies at the intersection of many research areas, concerted efforts to understand the metabolic mechanism(s) driving malignant brain tumors and metastases may reveal novel therapeutic targets to prevent or reduce metastasis and predict biomarkers for the treatment of this aggressive disease. This review focuses on various aspects of metabolic signaling, interface between metabolic regulators and cellular processes, and implications of their dysregulation in the context of brain tumors and metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Tyagi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Shih-Ying Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Kounosuke Watabe
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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21
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Moppett J. Metabolomics: A biomarker to improve the assessment of central nervous system positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia? Br J Haematol 2022; 198:939-940. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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22
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Li Z, Ji BW, Dixit PD, Tchourine K, Lien EC, Hosios AM, Abbott KL, Rutter JC, Westermark AM, Gorodetsky EF, Sullivan LB, Vander Heiden MG, Vitkup D. Cancer cells depend on environmental lipids for proliferation when electron acceptors are limited. Nat Metab 2022; 4:711-723. [PMID: 35739397 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00588-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Production of oxidized biomass, which requires regeneration of the cofactor NAD+, can be a proliferation bottleneck that is influenced by environmental conditions. However, a comprehensive quantitative understanding of metabolic processes that may be affected by NAD+ deficiency is currently missing. Here, we show that de novo lipid biosynthesis can impose a substantial NAD+ consumption cost in proliferating cancer cells. When electron acceptors are limited, environmental lipids become crucial for proliferation because NAD+ is required to generate precursors for fatty acid biosynthesis. We find that both oxidative and even net reductive pathways for lipogenic citrate synthesis are gated by reactions that depend on NAD+ availability. We also show that access to acetate can relieve lipid auxotrophy by bypassing the NAD+ consuming reactions. Gene expression analysis demonstrates that lipid biosynthesis strongly anti-correlates with expression of hypoxia markers across tumor types. Overall, our results define a requirement for oxidative metabolism to support biosynthetic reactions and provide a mechanistic explanation for cancer cell dependence on lipid uptake in electron acceptor-limited conditions, such as hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Li
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brian W Ji
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Physician-Scientist Training Pathway, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Purushottam D Dixit
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Evan C Lien
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aaron M Hosios
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Keene L Abbott
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Justine C Rutter
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Health Sciences and Technology (HST) and Harvard/MIT MD-PhD Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna M Westermark
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth F Gorodetsky
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lucas B Sullivan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Dennis Vitkup
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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23
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Wang SY, Hu QC, Wu T, Xia J, Tao XA, Cheng B. Abnormal lipid synthesis as a therapeutic target for cancer stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:146-162. [PMID: 35432735 PMCID: PMC8963380 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i2.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) comprise a subpopulation of cancer cells with stem cell properties, which exhibit the characteristics of high tumorigenicity, self-renewal, and tumor initiation and are associated with the occurrence, metastasis, therapy resistance, and relapse of cancer. Compared with differentiated cells, CSCs have unique metabolic characteristics, and metabolic reprogramming contributes to the self-renewal and maintenance of stem cells. It has been reported that CSCs are highly dependent on lipid metabolism to maintain stemness and satisfy the requirements of biosynthesis and energy metabolism. In this review, we demonstrate that lipid anabolism alterations promote the survival of CSCs, including de novo lipogenesis, lipid desaturation, and cholesterol synthesis. In addition, we also emphasize the molecular mechanism underlying the relationship between lipid synthesis and stem cell survival, the signal trans-duction pathways involved, and the application prospect of lipid synthesis reprogramming in CSC therapy. It is demonstrated that the dependence on lipid synthesis makes targeting of lipid synthesis metabolism a promising therapeutic strategy for eliminating CSCs. Targeting key molecules in lipid synthesis will play an important role in anti-CSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qin-Chao Hu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Juan Xia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-An Tao
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
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24
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25
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McNeer JL, Schmiegelow K. Management of CNS Disease in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2022; 17:1-14. [PMID: 35025035 DOI: 10.1007/s11899-021-00640-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the success stories of pediatric oncology, but challenges and questions remain, including the optimal approach to the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) leukemia. It is unclear why some children with ALL develop CNS leukemia and others do not, and there remains debate regarding optimal regimens for prophylaxis, upfront treatment, and the treatment of CNS relapses. These topics are especially important since both cranial radiation therapy (CRT) and intensive intrathecal therapy carry risks of both short- and long-term adverse effects. In this review, we aim to identify areas of ongoing debate on this topic, review the biology of CNS leukemia, and summarize clinical trial data that address some of these questions. RECENT FINDINGS Both retrospective and meta-analyses have demonstrated that few patients with ALL benefit from CRT as a component of CNS-directed treatment for de novo disease, allowing cooperative groups to greatly limit the number of patients undergoing CRT as part of their initial ALL regimens. More recent efforts are focusing on how best to assay for low levels of CNS disease at the time of diagnosis, as well as the biological drivers that may result in CNS leukemia in certain patients. Progress remains to be made in the identification and treatment of CNS leukemia in pediatric ALL. Advancements have occurred to limit the number of children undergoing CRT, but much has yet to be learned to better understand the biology of and risk factors for CNS leukemia, and novel approaches are required to approach CNS relapse of ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L McNeer
- Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplant, University of Chicago Comer Children's Hospital, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC 4060, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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26
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Chapman NM, Chi H. Metabolic adaptation of lymphocytes in immunity and disease. Immunity 2022; 55:14-30. [PMID: 35021054 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive immune responses mediated by T cells and B cells are crucial for protective immunity against pathogens and tumors. Differentiation and function of immune cells require dynamic reprogramming of cellular metabolism. Metabolic inputs, pathways, and enzymes display remarkable flexibility and heterogeneity, especially in vivo. How metabolic plasticity and adaptation dictate functional specialization of immune cells is fundamental to our understanding and therapeutic modulation of the immune system. Extensive progress has been made in characterizing the effects of metabolic networks on immune cell fate and function in discrete microenvironments or immunological contexts. In this review, we summarize how rewiring of cellular metabolism determines the outcome of adaptive immunity in vivo, with a focus on how metabolites, nutrients, and driver genes in immunometabolism instruct cellular programming and immune responses during infection, inflammation, and cancer in mice and humans. Understanding context-dependent metabolic remodeling will manifest legitimate opportunities for therapeutic intervention of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Chapman
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Hongbo Chi
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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27
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Vanner RJ, Dobson SM, Gan OI, McLeod J, Schoof EM, Grandal I, Wintersinger JA, Garcia-Prat L, Hosseini M, Xie SZ, Jin L, Mbong N, Voisin V, Chan-Seng-Yue M, Kennedy JA, Waanders E, Morris Q, Porse B, Chan SM, Guidos CJ, Danska JS, Minden MD, Mullighan CG, Dick JE. Multiomic Profiling of Central Nervous System Leukemia Identifies mRNA Translation as a Therapeutic Target. Blood Cancer Discov 2022; 3:16-31. [PMID: 35019858 PMCID: PMC9783958 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-20-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) dissemination of B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) has poor prognosis and remains a therapeutic challenge. Here we performed targeted DNA sequencing as well as transcriptional and proteomic profiling of paired leukemia-infiltrating cells in the bone marrow (BM) and CNS of xenografts. Genes governing mRNA translation were upregulated in CNS leukemia, and subclonal genetic profiling confirmed this in both BM-concordant and BM-discordant CNS mutational populations. CNS leukemia cells were exquisitely sensitive to the translation inhibitor omacetaxine mepesuccinate, which reduced xenograft leptomeningeal disease burden. Proteomics demonstrated greater abundance of secreted proteins in CNS-infiltrating cells, including complement component 3 (C3), and drug targeting of C3 influenced CNS disease in xenografts. CNS-infiltrating cells also exhibited selection for stemness traits and metabolic reprogramming. Overall, our study identifies targeting of mRNA translation as a potential therapeutic approach for B-ALL leptomeningeal disease. SIGNIFICANCE: Cancer metastases are often driven by distinct subclones with unique biological properties. Here we show that in B-ALL CNS disease, the leptomeningeal environment selects for cells with unique functional dependencies. Pharmacologic inhibition of mRNA translation signaling treats CNS disease and offers a new therapeutic approach for this condition.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Vanner
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie M Dobson
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olga I Gan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica McLeod
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ildiko Grandal
- Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeff A Wintersinger
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Garcia-Prat
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohsen Hosseini
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie Z Xie
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liqing Jin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathan Mbong
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Veronique Voisin
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomedical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - James A Kennedy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Esmé Waanders
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Quaid Morris
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomedical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Bo Porse
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Stem Cell Centre (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steven M Chan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cynthia J Guidos
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jayne S Danska
- Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark D Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles G Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - John E Dick
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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28
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Sharma ND, Keewan E, Matlawska-Wasowska K. Metabolic Reprogramming and Cell Adhesion in Acute Leukemia Adaptation to the CNS Niche. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:767510. [PMID: 34957100 PMCID: PMC8703109 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.767510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Involvement of the Central Nervous System (CNS) in acute leukemia confers poor prognosis and lower overall survival. Existing CNS-directed therapies are associated with a significant risk of short- or long-term toxicities. Leukemic cells can metabolically adapt and survive in the microenvironment of the CNS. The supporting role of the CNS microenvironment in leukemia progression and dissemination has not received sufficient attention. Understanding the mechanism by which leukemic cells survive in the nutrient-poor and oxygen-deprived CNS microenvironment will lead to the development of more specific and less toxic therapies. Here, we review the current literature regarding the roles of metabolic reprogramming in leukemic cell adhesion and survival in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh D Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Esra'a Keewan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Ksenia Matlawska-Wasowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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29
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Egolf S, Zou J, Anderson A, Simpson CL, Aubert Y, Prouty S, Ge K, Seykora JT, Capell BC. MLL4 mediates differentiation and tumor suppression through ferroptosis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj9141. [PMID: 34890228 PMCID: PMC8664260 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj9141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The epigenetic regulator, MLL4 (KMT2D), has been described as an essential gene in both humans and mice. In addition, it is one of the most commonly mutated genes in all of cancer biology. Here, we identify a critical role for Mll4 in the promotion of epidermal differentiation and ferroptosis, a key mechanism of tumor suppression. Mice lacking epidermal Mll4, but not the related enzyme Mll3 (Kmt2c), display features of impaired differentiation and human precancerous neoplasms, all of which progress with age. Mll4 deficiency profoundly alters epidermal gene expression and uniquely rewires the expression of key genes and markers of ferroptosis (Alox12, Alox12b, and Aloxe3). Beyond revealing a new mechanistic basis for Mll4-mediated tumor suppression, our data uncover a potentially much broader and general role for ferroptosis in the process of differentiation and skin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Egolf
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jonathan Zou
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Amy Anderson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cory L. Simpson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yann Aubert
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stephen Prouty
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kai Ge
- National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John T. Seykora
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brian C. Capell
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Corresponding author.
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30
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Duguid A, Mattiucci D, Ottersbach K. Infant leukaemia - faithful models, cell of origin and the niche. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm049189. [PMID: 34713888 PMCID: PMC8560498 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
For patients and their families, the diagnosis of infant leukaemia is devastating. This disease has not seen the improvements in outcomes experienced with other paediatric leukaemias and it is becoming ever more apparent that infant leukaemia is a distinct biological entity. Insights into some of the distinguishing features of infant leukaemia, such as a single mutation - the MLL-gene rearrangement, the biology of disease aggressiveness and lineage plasticity, and the high incidence of central nervous system involvement, are likely to be gained from understanding the interactions between leukaemic cells and their environment or niche. The origins of infant leukaemia lie in the embryonic haematopoietic system, which is characterised by shifting locations and dynamic changes in the microenvironment. Understanding this foetal or embryonic context is integral to understanding infant leukaemia development. Owing to its rarity and prenatal origins, developing accurate modelling systems for further investigation of infant leukaemia is essential. In this Review, we discuss how available in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo infant leukaemia models contribute to our current understanding of the leukaemia niche in embryonic development, established disease and specialised non-haematopoietic niches. The mechanistic insights provided by accurate models will help identify viable novel therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katrin Ottersbach
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
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31
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Zhao J, Fang M, Xia Y. A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry workflow for in-depth quantitation of fatty acid double bond location isomers. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100110. [PMID: 34437891 PMCID: PMC8441088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tracing compositional changes of fatty acids (FAs) is frequently used as a means of monitoring metabolic alterations in perturbed biological states. Given that more than half of FAs in the mammalian lipidome are unsaturated, quantitation of FAs at a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) location level is necessary. The use of 2-acetylpiridine (2-acpy) as the charge-tagging PB reagent led to a limit of identification in the subnanomolar range for mono- and polyunsaturated as well as conjugated FAs. Conjugated free FAs of low abundance such as FA 18:2 (n-7, n-9) and FA 18:2 (n-6, n-8) were quantified at concentrations of 0.61 ± 0.05 and 0.05 ± 0.01 mg per 100 g in yak milk powder, respectively. This workflow also enabled deep profiling of eight saturated and 37 unsaturated total FAs across a span of four orders of magnitude in concentration, including ten groups of C=C location isomers in pooled human plasma. A pilot survey on total FAs in plasma from patients with type 2 diabetes revealed that the relative compositions of FA 16:1 (n-10) and FA 18:1 (n-10) were significantly elevated compared with that of normal controls. In this work, we have developed a workflow for global quantitation of FAs, including C=C location isomers, via charge-tagging Paternò-Büchi (PB) derivatization and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxuan Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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32
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Joshi SK, Nechiporuk T, Bottomly D, Piehowski PD, Reisz JA, Pittsenbarger J, Kaempf A, Gosline SJC, Wang YT, Hansen JR, Gritsenko MA, Hutchinson C, Weitz KK, Moon J, Cendali F, Fillmore TL, Tsai CF, Schepmoes AA, Shi T, Arshad OA, McDermott JE, Babur O, Watanabe-Smith K, Demir E, D'Alessandro A, Liu T, Tognon CE, Tyner JW, McWeeney SK, Rodland KD, Druker BJ, Traer E. The AML microenvironment catalyzes a stepwise evolution to gilteritinib resistance. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:999-1014.e8. [PMID: 34171263 PMCID: PMC8686208 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Our study details the stepwise evolution of gilteritinib resistance in FLT3-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Early resistance is mediated by the bone marrow microenvironment, which protects residual leukemia cells. Over time, leukemia cells evolve intrinsic mechanisms of resistance, or late resistance. We mechanistically define both early and late resistance by integrating whole-exome sequencing, CRISPR-Cas9, metabolomics, proteomics, and pharmacologic approaches. Early resistant cells undergo metabolic reprogramming, grow more slowly, and are dependent upon Aurora kinase B (AURKB). Late resistant cells are characterized by expansion of pre-existing NRAS mutant subclones and continued metabolic reprogramming. Our model closely mirrors the timing and mutations of AML patients treated with gilteritinib. Pharmacological inhibition of AURKB resensitizes both early resistant cell cultures and primary leukemia cells from gilteritinib-treated AML patients. These findings support a combinatorial strategy to target early resistant AML cells with AURKB inhibitors and gilteritinib before the expansion of pre-existing resistance mutations occurs.
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MESH Headings
- Aniline Compounds/pharmacology
- Aurora Kinase B/genetics
- Aurora Kinase B/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Exome
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Metabolome
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Proteome
- Pyrazines/pharmacology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Tumor Microenvironment
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Joshi
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Tamilla Nechiporuk
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Daniel Bottomly
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Paul D Piehowski
- Environmental and Molecular Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Julie A Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Janét Pittsenbarger
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Andy Kaempf
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Biostatistics Shared Resource, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sara J C Gosline
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Yi-Ting Wang
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Joshua R Hansen
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Marina A Gritsenko
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Chelsea Hutchinson
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Karl K Weitz
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Jamie Moon
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Francesca Cendali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Thomas L Fillmore
- Environmental and Molecular Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Chia-Feng Tsai
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Athena A Schepmoes
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Tujin Shi
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Osama A Arshad
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Jason E McDermott
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Ozgun Babur
- Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Watanabe-Smith
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Emek Demir
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tao Liu
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Cristina E Tognon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Cell, Development, & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Shannon K McWeeney
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Karin D Rodland
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Department of Cell, Development, & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Brian J Druker
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Cell, Development, & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Elie Traer
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Cell, Development, & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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Zarou MM, Vazquez A, Vignir Helgason G. Folate metabolism: a re-emerging therapeutic target in haematological cancers. Leukemia 2021; 35:1539-1551. [PMID: 33707653 PMCID: PMC8179844 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01189-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Folate-mediated one carbon (1C) metabolism supports a series of processes that are essential for the cell. Through a number of interlinked reactions happening in the cytosol and mitochondria of the cell, folate metabolism contributes to de novo purine and thymidylate synthesis, to the methionine cycle and redox defence. Targeting the folate metabolism gave rise to modern chemotherapy, through the introduction of antifolates to treat paediatric leukaemia. Since then, antifolates, such as methotrexate and pralatrexate have been used to treat a series of blood cancers in clinic. However, traditional antifolates have many deleterious side effects in normal proliferating tissue, highlighting the urgent need for novel strategies to more selectively target 1C metabolism. Notably, mitochondrial 1C enzymes have been shown to be significantly upregulated in various cancers, making them attractive targets for the development of new chemotherapeutic agents. In this article, we present a detailed overview of folate-mediated 1C metabolism, its importance on cellular level and discuss how targeting folate metabolism has been exploited in blood cancers. Additionally, we explore possible therapeutic strategies that could overcome the limitations of traditional antifolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha M Zarou
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alexei Vazquez
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK.
| | - G Vignir Helgason
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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Jones CL, Inguva A, Jordan CT. Targeting Energy Metabolism in Cancer Stem Cells: Progress and Challenges in Leukemia and Solid Tumors. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:378-393. [PMID: 33667359 PMCID: PMC7951949 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Malignant stem cells have long been considered a key therapeutic target in leukemia. Therapeutic strategies designed to target the fundamental biology of leukemia stem cells while sparing normal hematopoietic cells may provide better outcomes for leukemia patients. One process in leukemia stem cell biology that has intriguing therapeutic potential is energy metabolism. In this article we discuss the metabolic properties of leukemia stem cells and how targeting energy metabolism may provide more effective therapeutic regimens for leukemia patients. In addition, we highlight the similarities and differences in energy metabolism between leukemia stem cells and malignant stem cells from solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney L Jones
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 101 College St. Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Anagha Inguva
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, 12700 East 19th Ave., Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Craig T Jordan
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado, 12700 East 19th Ave., Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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35
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Ohshima K, Morii E. Metabolic Reprogramming of Cancer Cells during Tumor Progression and Metastasis. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11010028. [PMID: 33401771 PMCID: PMC7824065 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells face various metabolic challenges during tumor progression, including growth in the nutrient-altered and oxygen-deficient microenvironment of the primary site, intravasation into vessels where anchorage-independent growth is required, and colonization of distant organs where the environment is distinct from that of the primary site. Thus, cancer cells must reprogram their metabolic state in every step of cancer progression. Metabolic reprogramming is now recognized as a hallmark of cancer cells and supports cancer growth. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells may help identifying cancer targets and treatment strategies. This review summarizes our current understanding of metabolic reprogramming during cancer progression and metastasis, including cancer cell adaptation to the tumor microenvironment, defense against oxidative stress during anchorage-independent growth in vessels, and metabolic reprogramming during metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eyal Gottlieb
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Tomer Shlomi
- Faculty of Computer Science, Technion, Haifa, Israel.
- Faculty of Biology, Technion, Haifa, Israel.
- Lokey Center for Life Science and Engineering, Technion, Haifa, Israel.
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