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Driesschaert B, Mergan L, Lucci C, Simon C, Santos D, De Groef L, Temmerman L. The role of phagocytic cells in aging: insights from vertebrate and invertebrate models. Biogerontology 2024:10.1007/s10522-024-10131-9. [PMID: 39168928 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-024-10131-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
While the main role of phagocytic scavenger cells consists of the neutralization and elimination of pathogens, they also keep the body fluids clean by taking up and breaking down waste material. Since a build-up of waste is thought to contribute to the aging process, these cells become particularly pertinent in the research field of aging. Nevertheless, a direct link between their scavenging functions and the aging process has yet to be established. Integrative approaches involving various model organisms hold promise to elucidate this potential, but are lagging behind since the diversity and evolutionary relationship of these cells across animal species remain unclear. In this perspective, we review the current knowledge associating phagocytic scavenger cells with aging in vertebrate and invertebrate animals, as well as put forward important questions for further exploration. Additionally, we highlight future challenges and propose a constructive approach for tackling them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brecht Driesschaert
- Molecular and Functional Neurobiology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59 - Box 2465, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucas Mergan
- Molecular and Functional Neurobiology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59 - Box 2465, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cristiano Lucci
- Cellular Communication and Neurodegeneration, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 61 - Box 2464, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caroline Simon
- Molecular Developmental Physiology and Signal Transduction, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59 - Box 2465, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dulce Santos
- Molecular Developmental Physiology and Signal Transduction, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59 - Box 2465, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lies De Groef
- Cellular Communication and Neurodegeneration, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 61 - Box 2464, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Temmerman
- Molecular and Functional Neurobiology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59 - Box 2465, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Li SR, Kang NN, Wang RR, Li MD, Chen LH, Zhou P, Xu DX, Zhao H, Fu L. ALKBH5 SUMOylation-mediated FBXW7 m6A modification regulates alveolar cells senescence during 1-nitropyrene-induced pulmonary fibrosis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 468:133704. [PMID: 38364577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Our previous study revealed that 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) exposure evoked pulmonary fibrosis in mice. However, the exact mechanism remained elusive. We found that 1-NP induced telomere damage and cellular senescence in mice lungs, and two alveolar epithelial cells lines. 1-NP downregulated telomere repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2), and upregulated FBXW7. Mechanistically, 1-NP-caused TRF2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation depended on E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of FBXW7. Moreover, 1-NP upregulated FBXW7 m6A modification via an ALKBH5-YTHDF1-dependent manner. Further analysis suggested 1-NP promoted ALKBH5 SUMOylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation. Additionally, 1-NP evoked mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) overproduction. Mito-TEMPO, a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, mitigated 1-NP-caused mtROS overproduction, ALKBH5 SUMOylation, FBXW7 m6A modification, TRF2 degradation, cellular senescence, and pulmonary fibrosis. Taken together, mtROS-initiated ALKBH5 SUMOylation and subsequent FBXW7 m6A modification is indispensable for TRF2 degradation and cellular senescence in alveolar epithelial cells during 1-NP-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Our study provides target intervention measures towards 1-NP-evoked pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Ruo Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Ning-Ning Kang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Rong-Rong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Meng-Die Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Li-Hong Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
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Forsyth CB, Shaikh M, Engen PA, Preuss F, Naqib A, Palmen BA, Green SJ, Zhang L, Bogin ZR, Lawrence K, Sharma D, Swanson GR, Bishehsari F, Voigt RM, Keshavarzian A. Evidence that the loss of colonic anti-microbial peptides may promote dysbiotic Gram-negative inflammaging-associated bacteria in aging mice. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1352299. [PMID: 38501032 PMCID: PMC10945560 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1352299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: Aging studies in humans and mice have played a key role in understanding the intestinal microbiome and an increased abundance of "inflammaging" Gram-negative (Gn) bacteria. The mechanisms underlying this inflammatory profile in the aging microbiome are unknown. We tested the hypothesis that an aging-related decrease in colonic crypt epithelial cell anti-microbial peptide (AMP) gene expression could promote colonic microbiome inflammatory Gn dysbiosis and inflammaging. Methods: As a model of aging, C57BL/6J mice fecal (colonic) microbiota (16S) and isolated colonic crypt epithelial cell gene expression (RNA-seq) were assessed at 2 months (mth) (human: 18 years old; yo), 15 mth (human: 50 yo), and 25 mth (human: 84 yo). Informatics examined aging-related microbial compositions, differential colonic crypt epithelial cell gene expressions, and correlations between colonic bacteria and colonic crypt epithelial cell gene expressions. Results: Fecal microbiota exhibited significantly increased relative abundances of pro-inflammatory Gn bacteria with aging. Colonic crypt epithelial cell gene expression analysis showed significant age-related downregulation of key AMP genes that repress the growth of Gn bacteria. The aging-related decrease in AMP gene expressions is significantly correlated with an increased abundance in Gn bacteria (dysbiosis), loss of colonic barrier gene expression, and senescence- and inflammation-related gene expression. Conclusion: This study supports the proposed model that aging-related loss of colonic crypt epithelial cell AMP gene expression promotes increased relative abundances of Gn inflammaging-associated bacteria and gene expression markers of colonic inflammaging. These data may support new targets for aging-related therapies based on intestinal genes and microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B. Forsyth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Maliha Shaikh
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Phillip A. Engen
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Fabian Preuss
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin Parkside, Kenosha, WI, United States
| | - Ankur Naqib
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Genomics and Microbiome Core Facility, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Breanna A. Palmen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin Parkside, Kenosha, WI, United States
| | - Stefan J. Green
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Genomics and Microbiome Core Facility, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Zlata R. Bogin
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kristi Lawrence
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Garth R. Swanson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Faraz Bishehsari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Robin M. Voigt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
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Henriques CM, Ferreira MG. Telomere length is an epigenetic trait - Implications for the use of telomerase-deficient organisms to model human disease. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050581. [PMID: 38441152 PMCID: PMC10941657 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Telomere length, unlike most genetic traits, is epigenetic, in the sense that it is not fully coded by the genome. Telomeres vary in length and randomly assort to the progeny leaving some individuals with longer and others with shorter telomeres. Telomerase activity counteracts this by extending telomeres in the germline and during embryogenesis but sizeable variances remain in telomere length. This effect is exacerbated by the absence of fully active telomerase. Telomerase heterozygous animals (tert+/-) have reduced telomerase activity and their telomeres fail to be elongated to wild-type average length, meaning that - with every generation - they decrease. After a given number of successive generations of telomerase-insufficient crosses, telomeres become critically short and cause organismal defects that, in humans, are known as telomere biology disorders. Importantly, these defects also occur in wild-type (tert+/+) animals derived from such tert+/- incrosses. Despite these tert+/+ animals being proficient for telomerase, they have shorter than average telomere length and, although milder, develop phenotypes that are similar to those of telomerase mutants. Here, we discuss the impact of this phenomenon on human pathologies associated with telomere length, provide a brief overview of telomere biology across species and propose specific measures for working with telomerase-deficient zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina M. Henriques
- The Bateson Centre, MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research Into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA) and Healthy Lifespan Institute (HELSI), School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Miguel Godinho Ferreira
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR7284, INSERM U1081, Université Côte d‘Azur, 06107 Nice, France
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Zhang S, Li M, Chang L, Mao X, Jiang Y, Shen X, Niu K, Lu X, Zhang R, Song Y, Ma K, Li H, Wei C, Hou Y, Wu Y. Bazi Bushen capsule improves the deterioration of the intestinal barrier function by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis through microbiota-gut-brain axis. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1320202. [PMID: 38260869 PMCID: PMC10801200 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1320202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The senescence-accelerated prone mouse 8 (SAMP8) is a widely used model for accelerating aging, especially in central aging. Mounting evidence indicates that the microbiota-gut-brain axis may be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of central aging-related diseases. This study aims to investigate whether Bazi Bushen capsule (BZBS) attenuates the deterioration of the intestinal function in the central aging animal model. Methods In our study, the SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into the model group, the BZ-low group (0.5 g/kg/d BZBS), the BZ-high group (1 g/kg/d BZBS) and the RAPA group (2 mg/kg/d rapamycin). Age-matched SAMR1 mice were used as the control group. Next, cognitive function was detected through Nissl staining and two-photon microscopy. The gut microbiota composition of fecal samples was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The Ileum tissue morphology was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the intestinal barrier function was observed by immunofluorescence. The expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, including P53, TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Macrophage infiltration and the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal cells were assessed by immunohistochemistry. We also detected the inflammasome and pyroptosis levels in ileum tissue by western blotting. Results BZBS improved the cognitive function and neuronal density of SAMP8 mice. BZBS also restored the intestinal villus structure and barrier function, which were damaged in SAMP8 mice. BZBS reduced the expression of SASP factors and the infiltration of macrophages in the ileum tissues, indicating a lower level of inflammation. BZBS enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal cells, which are essential for maintaining intestinal homeostasis. BZBS modulated the gut microbiota composition, by which BZBS inhibited the activation of inflammasomes and pyroptosis in the intestine. Conclusion BZBS could restore the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and prevent the deterioration of intestinal barrier function by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. These results suggested that BZBS attenuated the cognitive aging of SAMP8 mice, at least partially, by targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiong Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengnan Li
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liping Chang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinjing Mao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuning Jiang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaogang Shen
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, China
- High-level TCM Key Disciplines of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Kunxu Niu
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, China
- High-level TCM Key Disciplines of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuan Lu
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
- High-level TCM Key Disciplines of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Runtao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
- High-level TCM Key Disciplines of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yahui Song
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, China
- High-level TCM Key Disciplines of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Kun Ma
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, China
- High-level TCM Key Disciplines of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongrong Li
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Cong Wei
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunlong Hou
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yiling Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, China
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Yin F, Zhou Y, Xie D, Hu J, Luo X. Effects of nanomaterial exposure on telomere dysfunction, hallmarks of mammalian and zebrafish cell senescence, and zebrafish mortality. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102062. [PMID: 37673133 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposure to hazardous substances accelerates biological aging. However, the toxic effects of nanomaterials on telomere and cellular senescence (major hallmarks of the biological aging) remained controversial. This study was to synthesize all published evidence to explore the effects of nanomaterial exposure on the telomere change, cellular senescence and mortality of model animals. Thirty-five studies were included by searching electronic databases (PubMed, Embase and Web of Science). The pooled analysis by Stata 15.0 software showed that compared with the control, nanomaterial exposure could significantly shorten the telomere length [measured as kbp: standardized mean difference (SMD) = -1.88; 95% confidence interval (CI) = -3.13 - - 0.64; % of control: SMD = -1.26; 95%CI = -2.11- - 0.42; < 3 kbp %: SMD = 5.76; 95%CI = 2.92 - 8.60), increase the telomerase activity (SMD = -1.00; 95%CI = -1.74 to -0.26), senescence-associated β-galactosidase levels in cells (SMD = 8.20; 95%CI = 6.05 - 10.34) and zebrafish embryos (SMD = 7.32; 95%CI = 4.70 - 9.94) as well as the mortality of zebrafish (SMD = 3.83; 95%CI = 2.94 - 4.72)]. The expression levels of telomerase TERT, shelterin components (TRF1, TRF2 and POT1) and senescence biomarkers (p21, p16) were respectively identified to be decreased or increased in subgroup analyses. In conclusion, this meta-analysis demonstrates that nanomaterial exposure is associated with telomere attrition, cell senescence and organismal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yin
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Textile Science and Engineering/State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Dongli Xie
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianchen Hu
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaogang Luo
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Shin U, Lee Y. Unraveling DNA Repair Processes In Vivo: Insights from Zebrafish Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13120. [PMID: 37685935 PMCID: PMC10487404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The critical role of the DNA repair system in preserving the health and survival of living organisms is widely recognized as dysfunction within this system can result in a broad range of severe conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, blood disorders, infertility, and cancer. Despite comprehensive research on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of DNA repair pathways, there remains a significant knowledge gap concerning these processes at an organismal level. The teleost zebrafish has emerged as a powerful model organism for investigating these intricate DNA repair mechanisms. Their utility arises from a combination of their well-characterized genomic information, the ability to visualize specific phenotype outcomes in distinct cells and tissues, and the availability of diverse genetic experimental approaches. In this review, we provide an in-depth overview of recent advancements in our understanding of the in vivo roles of DNA repair pathways. We cover a variety of critical biological processes including neurogenesis, hematopoiesis, germ cell development, tumorigenesis, and aging, with a specific emphasis on findings obtained from the use of zebrafish as a model system. Our comprehensive review highlights the importance of zebrafish in enhancing our understanding of the functions of DNA repair systems at the organismal level and paves the way for future investigations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unbeom Shin
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsung Lee
- Clinical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
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Rivosecchi J, Cusanelli E. TERRA beyond cancer: the biology of telomeric repeat-containing RNAs in somatic and germ cells. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1224225. [PMID: 37636218 PMCID: PMC10448526 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1224225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The telomeric noncoding RNA TERRA is a key component of telomeres and it is widely expressed in normal as well as cancer cells. In the last 15 years, several publications have shed light on the role of TERRA in telomere homeostasis and cell survival in cancer cells. However, only few studies have investigated the regulation or the functions of TERRA in normal tissues. A better understanding of the biology of TERRA in non-cancer cells may provide unexpected insights into how these lncRNAs are transcribed and operate in cells, and their potential role in physiological processes, such as aging, age-related pathologies, inflammatory processes and human genetic diseases. In this review we aim to discuss the findings that have advanced our understanding of the biology of TERRA using non-cancer mammalian cells as a model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Rivosecchi
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology—CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
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