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Boaz A, Baeza J, Fraser A, Persson E. 'It depends': what 86 systematic reviews tell us about what strategies to use to support the use of research in clinical practice. Implement Sci 2024; 19:15. [PMID: 38374051 PMCID: PMC10875780 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-024-01337-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gap between research findings and clinical practice is well documented and a range of strategies have been developed to support the implementation of research into clinical practice. The objective of this study was to update and extend two previous reviews of systematic reviews of strategies designed to implement research evidence into clinical practice. METHODS We developed a comprehensive systematic literature search strategy based on the terms used in the previous reviews to identify studies that looked explicitly at interventions designed to turn research evidence into practice. The search was performed in June 2022 in four electronic databases: Medline, Embase, Cochrane and Epistemonikos. We searched from January 2010 up to June 2022 and applied no language restrictions. Two independent reviewers appraised the quality of included studies using a quality assessment checklist. To reduce the risk of bias, papers were excluded following discussion between all members of the team. Data were synthesised using descriptive and narrative techniques to identify themes and patterns linked to intervention strategies, targeted behaviours, study settings and study outcomes. RESULTS We identified 32 reviews conducted between 2010 and 2022. The reviews are mainly of multi-faceted interventions (n = 20) although there are reviews focusing on single strategies (ICT, educational, reminders, local opinion leaders, audit and feedback, social media and toolkits). The majority of reviews report strategies achieving small impacts (normally on processes of care). There is much less evidence that these strategies have shifted patient outcomes. Furthermore, a lot of nuance lies behind these headline findings, and this is increasingly commented upon in the reviews themselves. DISCUSSION Combined with the two previous reviews, 86 systematic reviews of strategies to increase the implementation of research into clinical practice have been identified. We need to shift the emphasis away from isolating individual and multi-faceted interventions to better understanding and building more situated, relational and organisational capability to support the use of research in clinical practice. This will involve drawing on a wider range of research perspectives (including social science) in primary studies and diversifying the types of synthesis undertaken to include approaches such as realist synthesis which facilitate exploration of the context in which strategies are employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Boaz
- Health and Social Care Workforce Research Unit, The Policy Institute, King's College London, Virginia Woolf Building, 22 Kingsway, London, WC2B 6LE, UK.
| | - Juan Baeza
- King's Business School, King's College London, 30 Aldwych, London, WC2B 4BG, UK
| | - Alec Fraser
- King's Business School, King's College London, 30 Aldwych, London, WC2B 4BG, UK
| | - Erik Persson
- Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário Reitor João Davi Ferreira Lima, Florianópolis, SC, 88.040-900, Brazil
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Hakimjavadi R, Hong HA, Fallah N, Humphreys S, Kingwell S, Stratton A, Tsai E, Wai EK, Walden K, Noonan VK, Phan P. Enabling knowledge translation: implementation of a web-based tool for independent walking prediction after traumatic spinal cord injury. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1219307. [PMID: 38116110 PMCID: PMC10728823 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1219307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Several clinical prediction rules (CPRs) have been published, but few are easily accessible or convenient for clinicians to use in practice. We aimed to develop, implement, and describe the process of building a web-based CPR for predicting independent walking 1-year after a traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI). Methods Using the published and validated CPR, a front-end web application called "Ambulation" was built using HyperText Markup Language (HTML), Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), and JavaScript. A survey was created using QualtricsXM Software to gather insights on the application's usability and user experience. Website activity was monitored using Google Analytics. Ambulation was developed with a core team of seven clinicians and researchers. To refine the app's content, website design, and utility, 20 professionals from different disciplines, including persons with lived experience, were consulted. Results After 11 revisions, Ambulation was uploaded onto a unique web domain and launched (www.ambulation.ca) as a pilot with 30 clinicians (surgeons, physiatrists, and physiotherapists). The website consists of five web pages: Home, Calculation, Team, Contact, and Privacy Policy. Responses from the user survey (n = 6) were positive and provided insight into the usability of the tool and its clinical utility (e.g., helpful in discharge planning and rehabilitation), and the overall face validity of the CPR. Since its public release on February 7, 2022, to February 28, 2023, Ambulation had 594 total users, 565 (95.1%) new users, 26 (4.4%) returning users, 363 (61.1%) engaged sessions (i.e., the number of sessions that lasted 10 seconds/longer, had one/more conversion events e.g., performing the calculation, or two/more page or screen views), and the majority of the users originating from the United States (39.9%) and Canada (38.2%). Discussion Ambulation is a CPR for predicting independent walking 1-year after TSCI and it can assist frontline clinicians with clinical decision-making (e.g., time to surgery or rehabilitation plan), patient education and goal setting soon after injury. This tool is an example of adapting a validated CPR for independent walking into an easily accessible and usable web-based tool for use in clinical practice. This study may help inform how other CPRs can be adopted into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather A. Hong
- Praxis Spinal Cord Institute, Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nader Fallah
- Praxis Spinal Cord Institute, Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, UBC Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Suzanne Humphreys
- Praxis Spinal Cord Institute, Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephen Kingwell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandra Stratton
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Eve Tsai
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Eugene K. Wai
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kristen Walden
- Praxis Spinal Cord Institute, Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Vanessa K. Noonan
- Praxis Spinal Cord Institute, Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Philippe Phan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Shwed A, Giroux EE, Hoekstra F, McKay RC, Schaefer L, West CR, McPhail LT, Sibley KM, McBride CB, Munro B, Kaiser A, Gainforth HL. Supporting meaningful research partnerships: an interview study applying behavior change theory to develop relevant recommendations for researchers. Transl Behav Med 2023; 13:833-844. [PMID: 37481469 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Research partnerships, while promising for ensuring translation of relevant and useable findings, are challenging and need support. This study aimed to apply behavior change theory to understand and support researchers' adoption of a research partnership approach and the Integrated Knowledge Translation (IKT) Guiding Principles for conducting and disseminating spinal cord injury (SCI) research in partnership. Using an IKT approach, SCI researchers across Canada and the USA completed a survey (n = 22) and were interviewed (n = 13) to discuss barriers and facilitators to deciding to partner and follow the IKT Guiding Principles. The Behaviour Change Wheel, Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), and Mode of Delivery Ontology were used to develop the survey, interview questions, and guided analyses of interview data. COM-B and TDF factors were examined using descriptive statistics and abductive analyses of barriers and facilitators of decisions to partner and/or use the IKT Guiding Principles. TDF domains from the interview transcripts were then used to identify intervention, content, and implementation options. 142 factors (79 barriers, 63 facilitators) related to deciding to partner, and 292 factors (187 barriers, 105 facilitators) related to deciding to follow the IKT Guiding Principles were identified. Barriers to partnering or use the IKT Guiding Principles were primarily related to capability and opportunity and relevant intervention options were recommended. Interventions must support researchers in understanding how to partner and use the IKT Guiding Principles while navigating a research system, which is not always supportive of the necessary time and costs required for meaningful research partnerships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna Shwed
- Faculty of Health and Social Development, School of Health and Exercise Science, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Emily E Giroux
- Faculty of Health and Social Development, School of Health and Exercise Science, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Femke Hoekstra
- Faculty of Health and Social Development, School of Health and Exercise Science, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rhyann C McKay
- Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lee Schaefer
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher R West
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lowell T McPhail
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kathryn M Sibley
- Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | | | - Barry Munro
- North American Spinal Cord Injury Consortium, Niagara Falls, NY, USA
| | - Anita Kaiser
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Heather L Gainforth
- Faculty of Health and Social Development, School of Health and Exercise Science, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Gainforth HL, McKay RC, Hoekstra F, Maffin J, Sibley KM, Jung ME. Principles to guide spinal cord injury research partnerships: a Delphi consensus study. Disabil Rehabil 2022; 44:7269-7276. [PMID: 34663158 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2021.1985635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To establish consensus regarding principles that should be used to guide spinal cord injury (SCI) research partnerships between researchers and research users. MATERIALS AND METHODS A three-round Delphi consensus exercise was carried out with researchers and/or research users involved in one or more SCI research partnerships. Participants considered a list of 125 partnership principles. In rounds 1 and 2, participants rated their agreement that a principle should guide SCI research partnerships on an 11-point Likert scale. After each round, principles that received a mean score of ≥8.0 or 70% of participants rated the principle ≥8.0 were retained. In round 3, participants categorized principles as essential, desirable, irrelevant, or unsure. RESULTS At least 20 individuals participated in each round. In round 1, 103 principles met consensus criteria and eight principles were added. In round 2, 93 principles met the criteria. In round 3, 29 principles were categorized as essential and eight as desirable. Recommended principles focused on the interpersonal, relational, and logistical aspects of partnerships. Principles that did not reach consensus related to social justice and actionable impact. CONCLUSIONS Findings provide insight into 37 principles that could be used to combat tokenism and inform future guidance to meaningfully engage partners in SCI research.Implications for RehabilitationConsensus-based research partnership principles (i.e., norms or beliefs) were identified and could be prioritized to help support spinal cord injury (SCI) researchers and research users combat tokenism and meaningfully engage research users as partners in the co-creation of knowledge.The resulting list of recommended research partnership principles was used to inform the development of guidance to support quality partnerships between SCI researchers and research users within and outside the rehabilitation context (www.IKTprinciples.com).Guidance supporting meaningful research partnerships may accelerate the time between discovery and use of research in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Gainforth
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada.,International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Rhyann C McKay
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada.,International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Femke Hoekstra
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada.,International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Kathryn M Sibley
- Department of Community Health Sciences and Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Mary E Jung
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
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Uwizeye CB, Zomahoun HTV, Bussières A, Thomas A, Kairy D, Massougbodji J, Rheault N, Tchoubi S, Philibert L, Abib Gaye S, Khadraoui L, Ben Charif A, Diendéré E, Langlois L, Dugas M, Légaré F. Implementation strategies for knowledge products in primary healthcare: a systematic review of systematic reviews (Preprint). Interact J Med Res 2022; 11:e38419. [PMID: 35635786 PMCID: PMC9315889 DOI: 10.2196/38419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The underuse or overuse of knowledge products leads to waste in health care, and primary care is no exception. Objective This study aimed to characterize which knowledge products are frequently implemented, the implementation strategies used in primary care, and the implementation outcomes that are measured. Methods We performed a systematic review (SR) of SRs using the Cochrane systematic approach to include eligible SRs. The inclusion criteria were any primary care contexts, health care professionals and patients, any Effective Practice and Organization of Care implementation strategies of specified knowledge products, any comparators, and any implementation outcomes based on the Proctor framework. We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Ovid PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from their inception to October 2019 without any restrictions. We searched the references of the included SRs. Pairs of reviewers independently performed selection, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment by using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2. Data extraction was informed by the Effective Practice and Organization of Care taxonomy for implementation strategies and the Proctor framework for implementation outcomes. We performed a descriptive analysis and summarized the results by using a narrative synthesis. Results Of the 11,101 records identified, 81 (0.73%) SRs were included. Of these 81, a total of 47 (58%) SRs involved health care professionals alone. Moreover, 15 SRs had a high or moderate methodological quality. Most of them addressed 1 type of knowledge product (56/81, 69%), common clinical practice guidelines (26/56, 46%) or management, and behavioral or pharmacological health interventions (24/56, 43%). Mixed strategies were used for implementation (67/81, 83%), predominantly education-based (meetings in 60/81, 74%; materials distribution in 59/81, 73%; and academic detailing in 45/81, 56%), reminder (53/81, 36%), and audit and feedback (40/81, 49%) strategies. Education meetings (P=.13) and academic detailing (P=.11) seemed to be used more when the population was composed of health care professionals alone. Improvements in the adoption of knowledge products were the most commonly measured outcome (72/81, 89%). The evidence level was reported in 12% (10/81) of SRs on 62 outcomes (including 48 improvements in adoption), of which 16 (26%) outcomes were of moderate or high level. Conclusions Clinical practice guidelines and management and behavioral or pharmacological health interventions are the most commonly implemented knowledge products and are implemented through the mixed use of educational, reminder, and audit and feedback strategies. There is a need for a strong methodology for the SR of randomized controlled trials to explore their effectiveness and the entire cascade of implementation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Bernard Uwizeye
- Learning Health System Component of the Québec Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR) - Support for People and Patient-Oriented and Trials (SUPPORT) Unit, Québec, QC, Canada
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale (CIUSSS-CN), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Hervé Tchala Vignon Zomahoun
- Learning Health System Component of the Québec Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR) - Support for People and Patient-Oriented and Trials (SUPPORT) Unit, Québec, QC, Canada
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale (CIUSSS-CN), Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - André Bussières
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Réadaptation du Montréal métropolitain (CRIR), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Réseau Provincial de recherche en Adaptation-Réadaptation (REPAR), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Aliki Thomas
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Réadaptation du Montréal métropolitain (CRIR), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Réseau Provincial de recherche en Adaptation-Réadaptation (REPAR), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dahlia Kairy
- Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Réadaptation du Montréal métropolitain (CRIR), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Réseau Provincial de recherche en Adaptation-Réadaptation (REPAR), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Institut Universitaire sur la Réadaptation en Déficience Physique de Montréal (IURDPM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - José Massougbodji
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Rheault
- Learning Health System Component of the Québec Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR) - Support for People and Patient-Oriented and Trials (SUPPORT) Unit, Québec, QC, Canada
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale (CIUSSS-CN), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Tchoubi
- Learning Health System Component of the Québec Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR) - Support for People and Patient-Oriented and Trials (SUPPORT) Unit, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Leonel Philibert
- Learning Health System Component of the Québec Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR) - Support for People and Patient-Oriented and Trials (SUPPORT) Unit, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Nursing, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Serigne Abib Gaye
- Learning Health System Component of the Québec Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR) - Support for People and Patient-Oriented and Trials (SUPPORT) Unit, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Lobna Khadraoui
- Learning Health System Component of the Québec Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR) - Support for People and Patient-Oriented and Trials (SUPPORT) Unit, Québec, QC, Canada
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale (CIUSSS-CN), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Ali Ben Charif
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale (CIUSSS-CN), Québec, QC, Canada
- Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Shared Decision Making and Knowledge Translation, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- CubecXpert, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Ella Diendéré
- Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Léa Langlois
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale (CIUSSS-CN), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Michèle Dugas
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale (CIUSSS-CN), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - France Légaré
- Learning Health System Component of the Québec Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR) - Support for People and Patient-Oriented and Trials (SUPPORT) Unit, Québec, QC, Canada
- VITAM Research Center on Sustainable Health, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale (CIUSSS-CN), Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
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Hoekstra F, Trigo F, Sibley KM, Graham ID, Kennefick M, Mrklas KJ, Nguyen T, Vis-Dunbar M, Gainforth HL. Systematic overviews of partnership principles and strategies identified from health research about spinal cord injury and related health conditions: A scoping review. J Spinal Cord Med 2022:1-18. [PMID: 35262473 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2022.2033578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Scoping review. OBJECTIVE To identify and provide systematic overviews of partnership principles and strategies identified from health research about spinal cord injury (SCI) and related health conditions. METHODS Four health electronic databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO) were searched from inception to March 2019. We included articles that described, reflected, and/or evaluated one or more collaborative research activities in health research about SCI, stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, amputation, cerebral palsy, spina bifida, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, acquired brain injury, or wheelchair-users. Partnership principles (i.e. norms or values) and strategies (i.e. observable actions) were extracted and analyzed using directed qualitative content analysis. RESULTS We included 39 articles about SCI (n = 13), stroke (n = 15), multiple sclerosis (n = 5), amputation (n = 2), cerebral palsy (n = 2), Parkinson's disease (n = 1), and wheelchair users (n = 1). We extracted 110 principles and synthesized them into 13 overarching principles. Principles related to building and maintaining relationships between researchers and research users were most frequently reported. We identified 32 strategies that could be applied at various phases of the research process and 26 strategies that were specific to a research phase (planning, conduct, or dissemination). CONCLUSION We provided systematic overviews of principles and strategies for research partnerships. These could be used by researchers and research users who want to work in partnership to plan, conduct and/or disseminate their SCI research. The findings informed the development of the new SCI Integrated Knowledge Translation Guiding Principles (www.iktprinciples.com) and will support the implementation of these Principles within the SCI research system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke Hoekstra
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada.,International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Francisca Trigo
- Centre for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kathryn M Sibley
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,George and Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Ian D Graham
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Kennefick
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Kelly J Mrklas
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Strategic Clinical Networks™, Provincial Clinical Excellence, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tram Nguyen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mathew Vis-Dunbar
- UBC Okanagan Library, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | | | - Heather L Gainforth
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada.,International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Lessons learned and functional outcomes following multifaceted team training in a cognitive strategy-based approach to stroke rehabilitation. JBI Evid Implement 2022; 20:33-43. [PMID: 35165236 DOI: 10.1097/xeb.0000000000000308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To estimate the impact of a multifaceted knowledge translation intervention on patient rehabilitation outcomes in an inpatient stroke setting. METHODS Interprofessional stroke rehabilitation teams were trained in Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance as part of the larger knowledge translation study. This study describes a two group (historical control vs. post knowledge translation intervention) nonrandomized study. Patient participants with stroke and cognitive impairment were recruited from five rehabilitation hospitals and completed an assessment battery upon admission to and discharge from rehabilitation and at three follow-up times. Data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA. RESULTS Seventeen historical controls and eight postintervention participants were recruited. The effect for time was significant (P ≤ 0.05) for the majority of outcomes, but there were no significant group × time effects. Small effect sizes for the group × time interaction were noted on several indicators. CONCLUSION Few studies report on patient outcomes following a knowledge translation intervention. Small effect sizes were detected on several patient outcomes, despite study limitations. Lessons learned for future patient-level studies within knowledge translation interventions include the importance of monitoring therapist adherence to implementation protocols and ensuring research designs consider the impact on patient recruitment and retention.
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Marchesini N, Demetriades AK, Alves OL, Sala F, Rubiano AM. Exploring perspectives and adherence to guidelines for adult spinal trauma in low and middle-income healthcare economies: A survey on barriers and possible solutions (part I). BRAIN AND SPINE 2022; 2:100932. [PMID: 36248157 PMCID: PMC9560659 DOI: 10.1016/j.bas.2022.100932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Most spinal trauma occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), but some elements may limit the application of current guidelines. In LMICs, a respectable proportion of physicians treating spinal trauma is not aware of any guidelines on this topic. Most physicians managing spinal trauma in LMICs believe that following the guidelines may positively affect patient outcomes. Most believed they have the capability to apply, the guidelines, but variation according to income and geographical region exists. The perceived limitations and their relevance to guideline adherence vary across different income and geographic areas worldwide. Resource-targeted guidelines for spinal trauma are considered a valuable option to overcome the limitations of real-life application of the current guidelines.
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Mojiri S, Sahebzadeh M, Ahmadzadeh K, Daei A, Ashrafi-Rizi H, Demneh MT, Sajadi HS, Soleymani MR. Effective factors on establishment of knowledge translation in the health system policy-making: A protocol for systematic review. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2021; 10:394. [PMID: 34912930 PMCID: PMC8641722 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1298_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite the importance and position of evidence-based policymaking in the proper management of the health system, studies show that the lack or improper and untimely use of evidence are still one of the main challenges of health systems. Knowledge translation as a solution to this challenge is a process that includes a period of time that starts of decision to choose the research topic and continue to publish of research results, in which the interaction of the researchers and stakeholders is the key factor and the main axis of the process. Since the recognition and promotion of knowledge translation processes resulting from research in health system policy-making will lead to the improvement of the health system, this review protocol was designed to identify factors affecting knowledge translation implementation, including barriers and facilitators of this process. Identifying these factors can be used as a guide for health system decision-makers and research managers in planning to select appropriate policies for deployment of the knowledge translation process to increase the use of research results in the health system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Mojiri
- Health Information Technology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mandana Sahebzadeh
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Ahmadzadeh
- Health Information Technology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azra Daei
- Department of Medical Library and Information Sciences, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hasan Ashrafi-Rizi
- Health Information Technology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Taheri Demneh
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Futures Studies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Haniye Sadat Sajadi
- Knowledge Utilization Research Center, University Research and Development Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Soleymani
- Health Information Technology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Sweet SN, Michalovic E, Baxter K, Baron J, Gainforth HL. RE-AIMing conferences: a reach, effectiveness, and maintenance evaluation of the Rick Hansen Institute's Praxis 2016. Transl Behav Med 2021; 10:123-135. [PMID: 30753657 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibz002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reported on the reach, effectiveness, and maintenance dimensions of a RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) analysis to evaluate Praxis 2016, a conference aimed to develop solutions to overcome challenges to translating research into practice in the spinal cord injury (SCI) community. Reach indicators were collected from the Praxis 2016 organizing committee. For effectiveness and maintenance, attendees (n = 106) completed a questionnaire pre-, post-, and 9-month post-Praxis 2016 assessing (a) capability (e.g., knowledge), (b) motivation, (c) opportunities, and (d) the groups they currently, need to, and/or plan to work with to develop solutions to overcome the challenges of translating SCI research into practice. They also reported their satisfaction with Praxis 2016. Qualitative interviews with attendees and organizers post-Praxis 2016 were conducted. Praxis 2016 reached 28% of their intended audience. For effectiveness, attendees' knowledge significantly increased (t(59)= 3.83, p < .001), they reported a greater need to work with members within the SCI community from pre- to post-Praxis 2016, and were generally satisfied with Praxis 2016. Regarding maintenance, more attendees reported needing to work with researchers, clinicians and SCI community organizations at 9-month post-Praxis 2016. The interviewees reported increased knowledge and capacity to network with the SCI community, but highlighted concerns for the long-term impact of Praxis 2016. Praxis 2016 was an effective approach to create short-term change in knowledge, and to expand knowledge translation networks. Further efforts could build on Praxis 2016 to foster long-term success in overcoming the challenges in translating SCI research into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane N Sweet
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Emilie Michalovic
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kristy Baxter
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | | | - Heather L Gainforth
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
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11
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Gainforth HL, Hoekstra F, McKay R, McBride CB, Sweet SN, Martin Ginis KA, Anderson K, Chernesky J, Clarke T, Forwell S, Maffin J, McPhail LT, Mortenson WB, Scarrow G, Schaefer L, Sibley KM, Athanasopoulos P, Willms R. Integrated Knowledge Translation Guiding Principles for Conducting and Disseminating Spinal Cord Injury Research in Partnership. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2020; 102:656-663. [PMID: 33129763 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2020.09.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To address a gap between spinal cord injury (SCI) research and practice by rigorously and systematically co-developing integrated knowledge translation (IKT) guiding principles for conducting and disseminating SCI research in partnership with research users. DESIGN The process was guided by the internationally accepted The Appraisal of Guidelines for REsearch & Evaluation (AGREE) II Instrument for evaluating the development of clinical practice guidelines. SETTING North American SCI research system (ie, SCI researchers, research users, funders). PARTICIPANTS The multidisciplinary expert panel (n=17) and end users (n=35) included individuals from a North American partnership of SCI researchers, research users, and funders who have expertise in research partnerships. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Clarity, usefulness, and appropriateness of the principles. RESULTS Data regarding 125 principles of partnered research were systematically collected from 4 sources (review of reviews, scoping review, interviews, Delphi consensus exercise). A multidisciplinary expert panel held a 2-day meeting to establish consensus, select guiding principles, and draft the guidance. The panel reached 100% consensus on the principles and guidance document. The final document includes a preamble, 8 guiding principles, and a glossary. Survey data showed that the principles and guidance document were perceived by potential end users as clear, useful, and appropriate. CONCLUSIONS The IKT Guiding Principles represent the first rigorously co-developed, consensus-based guidance to support meaningful SCI research partnerships. The principles are a foundational tool with the potential to improve the relevance and impact of SCI research, mitigate tokenism, and advance the science of IKT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Gainforth
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Femke Hoekstra
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rhyann McKay
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Shane N Sweet
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kathleen A Martin Ginis
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kim Anderson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - John Chernesky
- Praxis Spinal Cord Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Teren Clarke
- Spinal Cord Injury Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Susan Forwell
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Maffin
- Spinal Cord Injury British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lowell T McPhail
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - W Ben Mortenson
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gayle Scarrow
- Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lee Schaefer
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kathryn M Sibley
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Rhonda Willms
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Savoie J, McCullum S, Wolfe DL, Slayter J, O’Connell C. Implementation of pain best practices as part of the spinal cord injury knowledge mobilization network. J Spinal Cord Med 2019; 42:226-232. [PMID: 31573455 PMCID: PMC6781186 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2019.1654191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Context/objective: The spinal cord injury (SCI) knowledge mobilization network (KMN) is a community of practice formed in 2011 as part of a national best practice implementation (BPI) effort to improve SCI care. This study objective was to determine whether completion and documentation of pain practices could be improved in a neurorehabilitation setting using the KMN implementation approach. Design: Single site, pre-post intervention study. Setting: Neurorehabilitation hospital. Participants: Twenty sequential consenting inpatients with SCI, with retrospective comparative analysis of 50 sequential SCI admissions pre-KMN. Interventions: A local Site Implementation Team (SIT) was formed to develop an implementation plan, including acceptable timeframes for completion and documentation of four specific pain best practices: (1) pain assessment on admission, (2) development of an Inter-Professional Pain Treatment Plan (IPTP), (3) pain monitoring throughout admission, and (4) a pain discharge plan. Outcomes: Provider adherences to pain best practices were the primary outcomes. The secondary outcome was patient satisfaction. Results: Provider adherence for most outcomes exceeded 70% completion within acceptable timeframes, with improvements found for all outcomes as compared to the retrospective cohort. Notably, pain education as part of the IPTP improved from 12% completion to 74%, documenting pain onset from 4.5% to 80% and pain discharge plan from 40% to 74%. Overall, participants were satisfied with their pain management. Conclusions: Pain best practices were more consistently documented after the KMN implementation. Pain practices in all four areas have now been expanded to all inpatient diagnoses using the same forms and framework created in the implementation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- JoAnne Savoie
- Stan Cassidy Centre for Rehabilitation, Horizon Health Network, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Shane McCullum
- Stan Cassidy Centre for Rehabilitation, Horizon Health Network, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada,Correspondence to: Shane McCullum, Stan Cassidy Centre for Rehabilitation, Horizon Health Network, 800 Priestman Street, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 0C7, Canada; Ph: 506 447-4379.
| | - Dalton L. Wolfe
- Parkwood Institute Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy Slayter
- Stan Cassidy Centre for Rehabilitation, Horizon Health Network, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Colleen O’Connell
- Stan Cassidy Centre for Rehabilitation, Horizon Health Network, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
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Graco M, Berlowitz DJ, Green SE. Understanding the clinical management of obstructive sleep apnoea in tetraplegia: a qualitative study using the theoretical domains framework. BMC Health Serv Res 2019; 19:405. [PMID: 31226999 PMCID: PMC6588842 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical practice guidelines recommend further testing for people with tetraplegia and signs and symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), followed by treatment with positive airway pressure therapy. Little is known about how clinicians manage OSA in tetraplegia. The theoretical domains framework (TDF) is commonly used to identify determinants of clinical behaviours. This study aimed to describe OSA management practices in tetraplegia, and to explore factors influencing clinical practice. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 specialist doctors managing people with tetraplegia from spinal units in Europe, UK, Canada, USA, Australia and New Zealand. Interviews were audiotaped for verbatim transcription. OSA management was divided into screening, diagnosis and treatment components for inpatient and outpatient services, allowing common practices to be categorised. Data were thematically coded to the 12 constructs of the TDF. Common beliefs were identified and comparisons were made between participants reporting different practices. RESULTS Routine screening for OSA signs and symptoms was reported by 10 (50%) doctors in inpatient settings and eight (40%) in outpatient clinics. Doctors commonly referred to sleep specialists for OSA diagnosis (9/20 in inpatients; 16/20 in outpatients), and treatment (12/20, 17/20). Three doctors reported their three spinal units were managing non-complicated OSA internally, without referral to sleep specialists. Ten belief statements representing six domains of the TDF were generated about screening. Lack of time and support staff (Environmental context and resources) and no prompts to screen for OSA (Memory, attention and decision processes) were commonly identified barriers to routine screening. Ten belief statements representing six TDF domains were generated for diagnosis and treatment behaviours. Common barriers to independent management practices were lack of skills (Skills), low confidence (Beliefs about capabilities), and the belief that OSA management was outside their scope of practice (Social/Professional role and identity). The three units independently managing OSA were well resourced with multidisciplinary involvement (Environmental context and resources), had 'clinical champions' to lead the program (Social influences). CONCLUSION Clinical management of OSA in tetraplegia is highly varied. Several influences on OSA management within spinal units have been identified, facilitating the development of future interventions aiming to improve clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marnie Graco
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - David J. Berlowitz
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Sally E. Green
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
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14
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Gainforth HL, Baxter K, Baron J, Michalovic E, Caron JG, Sweet SN. RE-AIMing conferences: evaluating the adoption, implementation and maintenance of the Rick Hansen Institute's Praxis 2016. Health Res Policy Syst 2019; 17:39. [PMID: 30971267 PMCID: PMC6458740 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-019-0434-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In April 2016, the Rick Hansen Institute (RHI) hosted an innovative, 2-day conference called Praxis 2016. RHI aimed to bring together a diverse group of stakeholders to develop solutions for overcoming the challenges of translating spinal cord injury (SCI) research into practice. To understand the impact of Praxis, RHI funded an independent team to evaluate Praxis at the individual and setting level using the RE-AIM framework. Individual-level findings are published elsewhere. The aim of this evaluation is to report on the impact of Praxis at the setting level in terms of its adoption, implementation and maintenance. METHODS Data sources included interviews with attendees (n = 13) and organisers (n = 9), a fidelity assessment conducted at the conference, and observation notes provided by the evaluation team. RESULTS Main findings indicated that the Praxis model was adopted by organisers and attendees, implemented by RHI as intended, and has the potential for long-term maintenance. Lessons learned highlighted the importance of including SCI community members throughout the entire process from development to post-conference activities as well as in the research process, the value of facilitation and fostering interactive problem solving, and the need to identify leadership and funds to foster long-term efforts. CONCLUSIONS Developing and implementing a solutions-focused conference that brings together a diverse group of SCI stakeholders was challenging and rewarding for attendees and organisers. Other domains could learn from, adopt and build on the Praxis 2016 approach to address research-to-practice gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Gainforth
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada. .,International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Kristy Baxter
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Justine Baron
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Emilie Michalovic
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), CanadaCenter for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jeffrey G Caron
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shane N Sweet
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), CanadaCenter for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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15
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Wolfe DL, Hsieh JTC, Kras-Dupuis A, Riopelle RJ, Walia S, Guy S, Gillis K. An inclusive, online Delphi process for setting targets for best practice implementation for spinal cord injury. J Eval Clin Pract 2019; 25:290-299. [PMID: 30280449 DOI: 10.1111/jep.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE, AIMS, AND OBJECTIVES The Spinal Cord Injury Knowledge Mobilization Network is a pan-Canadian community of practice composed of seven rehabilitation hospitals. The goal of this network is to utilize implementation science processes to facilitate the adoption of best practice in spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation. In addition to selecting specific practices for implementation, a key aspect of effective implementation is the engagement of stakeholders in decision-making processes. To achieve this, the network utilized a Delphi process to reach consensus on two pressure ulcer prevention and management practices to be implemented in SCI inpatient rehabilitation. A diverse, multidisciplinary panel of clinicians, researchers, sponsoring agency representatives, and persons with SCI participated in this process. METHOD An online Delphi process was conducted in order to prioritize pressure ulcer prevention and management best practice recommendations and performance indicators for implementation. The process was conducted in six stages: (1) steering committee selection; (2) identification and selection of evidence; (3) participant selection and recruitment; (4) survey development; (5) identification of voting criteria; and (6) five rounds of voting. RESULTS The Delphi process resulted in the selection of two best practices: (1) comprehensive risk assessment and (2) education for pressure ulcer prevention and management in persons with SCI. CONCLUSIONS In this Delphi process, a large expert panel achieved consensus on best practice recommendations and associated performance indicators for implementation. This process was undertaken as a first step towards optimization of service delivery and outcomes for persons with SCI across Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Richard J Riopelle
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Stacey Guy
- Parkwood Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katie Gillis
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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16
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Scovil CY, Delparte JJ, Walia S, Flett HM, Guy SD, Wallace M, Burns AS, Wolfe DL, Wolfe D, Kras-Dupuis A, Walia S, Guy S, Askes H, Casalino A, Fraser C, Paiva M, Miles S, Gagliardi J, Orenczuk S, Sommerdyk J, Genereaux M, Jarvis D, Wesenger J, Bloetjes L, Flett H, Burns A, Scovil C, Delparte J, Leber D, McMillan L, Domingo T, Wallace M, Stoesz B, Aguillon G, Koning C, Mumme L, Cwiklewich M, Bayless K, Crouse L, Crocker J, Erickson G, Mark M, Charbonneau R, Lloyd A, Van Doesburg C, Knox J, Wright P, Mouneimne M, Parmar R, Isaacs T, Reader J, Oga C, Birchall N, McKenzie N, Nicol S, Joly C, Laramée M, Robidoux I, Casimir M, Côté S, Lubin C, Lemay J, Beaulieu J, Truchon C, Noreau L, Lemay V, Vachon J, Bélanger D, Proteau F, O'Connell C, Savoie J, McCullum S, Brown J, Duda M, Bassett-Spiers K, Riopelle R, Hsieh J, Reinhart-McMillan W, Joshi P, Noonan V, Humphreys S, Hamilton L, MacIsaac G. Implementation of Pressure Injury Prevention Best Practices Across 6 Canadian Rehabilitation Sites: Results From the Spinal Cord Injury Knowledge Mobilization Network. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019; 100:327-335. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2018.07.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Martinez RN, Etingen B, French DD, Vallette MA, Bidassie B, Cozart HT, Weaver FM. An ecological perspective on implementing environmental control units for veterans with spinal cord injuries and disorders. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2018; 15:67-75. [PMID: 30451564 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2018.1527956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Guided by an ecological perspective, the purpose of this study was to identify multilevel factors that influenced the implementation of environmental control units (ECUs) in Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Spinal Cord Injury/Disorders (SCI/D) Centres.Materials and methods: Mixed methods including an online survey and qualitative interviews of VHA healthcare employees.Results: VHA healthcare employees participated in the online survey (n = 153, 21% participation rate) and semi-structured interview (n = 28; 54% participation rate). About 58.2% of survey respondents indicated that patients admitted to a VHA SCI/D Centre received ECU training. Interview participants reported that patients might benefit from educational materials on using ECUs. About 53.7% of survey respondents indicated that they did not receive ECU training. Interview participants emphasized that more healthcare employees needed to be trained to distribute ECU-related tasks including patient training and troubleshooting problems. The most common challenge was the coordination involved in moving patients out of rooms that were being outfitted with an ECU.Conclusions: Application of an ecological framework highlighted a range of factors at multiple levels that dynamically influence ECU implementation while accounting for the SCI/D care context. Integrating this technology with the care experiences of patients, the workflow of healthcare employees, and the structure of the organization may improve the implementation of ECUs.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONAn environmental control unit (ECU) is an assistive technology device that provides persons with a physical disability (e.g., spinal cord injuries and disorders) increased independence in a home, hospital, or rehabilitation facility setting.An ECU allows a person to access and control appliances like their hospital bed, lights, television, doors, nurse call button, telephone, and computer, thus, decreasing workload on attendants and family members while increasing independence for the user.Application of an ecological framework in this study highlighted a range of factors at multiple levels that dynamically influence ECU implementation while accounting for the SCI/D care context.Integrating this technology with the care experiences of patients, the workflow of healthcare employees, and the structure of the organization may improve the implementation of ECUs in an inpatient setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael N Martinez
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, USA
| | - Bella Etingen
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, USA
| | - Dustin D French
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and the Center for Healthcare Studies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marissa A Vallette
- VA - Center for Applied Systems Engineering (VA-CASE), Clinical Partnerships in Healthcare Transformation (CPHT), Veteran Engineering Resource Center (VERC) Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Balmatee Bidassie
- VA - Center for Applied Systems Engineering (VA-CASE), Clinical Partnerships in Healthcare Transformation (CPHT), Veteran Engineering Resource Center (VERC) Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Huberta T Cozart
- Spinal Cord Injury Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Frances M Weaver
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, USA.,Department of Public Health Sciences Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
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18
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Clark JM, Marshall R. Nature of the Non-traumatic Spinal Cord Injury Literature: A Systematic Review. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2018; 23:353-367. [PMID: 29339911 DOI: 10.1310/sci2304-353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Non-traumatic SCI (NTSCI) etiologies represent a markedly heterogeneous cluster of conditions defined within the consensus NTSCI taxonomy. This meta-analysis assembles evidence about the occurrence of NTSCI and its clinical outcomes with respect to 6 research domains. Purpose: To investigate the quality and quantity of clinical NTSCI evidence published in the peer reviewed literature with reference to prognosis, diagnosis, intervention, process of care, methodology, and qualitative approaches. Methods: PubMed and MEDLINE OVID MeSH heading searches were conducted for 5 common-language NTSCI descriptors. Filters were English language and Entrez date (1997-2016). Filters also controlled for case reports, editorials or errata, and invited reviews. NTSCI etiologies incorrectly classified, animal studies, and multidimensional mapping studies were excluded. Full texts were retrieved and ranked for evidence quality according to PRISMA statement guidelines, or PEDro criteria. Data were extracted and simple descriptive statistics applied. Results: The search terms non traumatic and non-traumatic SCI retrieved 282 articles, with 39 duplicates. After exclusion of 117 articles: Level 1V (60); NTSCI incorrectly evaluated (14); publication bias (2); non-English language (1); and animal experiments (1), 126 titles/abstracts were screened and ranked against criteria. Of the 8 papers allocated for full-text review, a subset of 3 articles was ranked level 1A (1) or level 11A (2); mean PEDro score 5.75±0.5. Reasons for full-text exclusions (5) were NTSCI incorrectly classified (1) and statistical limitations (4). Of the 6 domains, prognostics had adequate data yield (86) for evidence synthesis (4.8% ranked level 1A, or 11A). Notable evidence gaps were identified in qualitative (1), methodological (2), and diagnostic (8) domains. Conclusion: Therapeutic approaches require an evidence-based understanding of the distinct contexts in which NTSCI occurs, especially in less resourced settings. Our findings underscore the need for qualitative and quantitative research on the occurrence of NTSCI in all contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian M Clark
- South Australian Spinal Cord Injury Service, Hampstead Rehabilitation Centre, Lightsview, South Australia, Australia.,Centre for Orthopaedics and Trauma Research, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ruth Marshall
- South Australian Spinal Cord Injury Service, Hampstead Rehabilitation Centre, Lightsview, South Australia, Australia.,Centre for Orthopaedics and Trauma Research, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Noonan VK, Chan E, Bassett-Spiers K, Berlowitz DJ, Biering-Sørensen F, Charlifue S, Graco M, Hayes KC, Horsewell J, Joshi P, Markelis D, Smith V, Waheed Z, Brown DJ. Facilitators and Barriers to International Collaboration in Spinal Cord Injury: Results from a Survey of Clinicians and Researchers. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:478-485. [PMID: 28728503 PMCID: PMC5793947 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
International collaboration in spinal cord injury (SCI) research is necessary to overcome the challenges often encountered by clinicians and researchers, including participant recruitment, high cost, and the need for specialized expertise. However, international collaboration poses its own obstacles. The objective of this study was to conduct an international online survey to assess barriers and facilitators to international SCI clinical research, potential initiatives to facilitate future collaborations, and the use of SCI-specific data sets and standards. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Of 364 total respondents, 213 completed the survey, with the majority of these participants based in North America (38%), Asia (22%), Europe (18%), and Oceania (16%). Over half had more than 10 years of experience in SCI research or clinical practice (57%) and 60% had previous experience with international collaborations. Funding was identified as a top barrier (82%), a facilitator (93%), and a proposed future initiative (97%). Communication and technology were also identified as strong facilitators and proposed future initiatives. The International Standards for Neurological Classification of SCI were used by 69% of participants, the International Standards to document remaining Autonomic Function after SCI by 13% of participants, and the International SCI Data Sets by 45% of participants. As the need for international collaborations in SCI research increases, it is important to identify how clinicians and researchers can be supported by SCI consumer and professional organizations, funders, and networks. Furthermore, unique solutions to overcome modifiable barriers and creation of new facilitators are also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elaine Chan
- Rick Hansen Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - David J. Berlowitz
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Spinal Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fin Biering-Sørensen
- Clinic for Spinal Cord Injuries, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Marnie Graco
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Keith C. Hayes
- Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane Horsewell
- The European Spinal Cord Injury Federation, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Phalgun Joshi
- Rick Hansen Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Debora Markelis
- Institute for Safety, Compensation and Recovery Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- WorkSafe Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Verna Smith
- Institute for Safety, Compensation and Recovery Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Zeina Waheed
- Rick Hansen Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Cahill LS, Carey LM, Lannin NA, Turville M, O'Connor D. Implementation interventions to promote the uptake of evidence-based practices in stroke rehabilitation. THE COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liana S Cahill
- La Trobe University; Occupational Therapy, Department of Community and Clinical Allied Health, School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering; Melbourne Victoria Australia 3086
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne; Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Stroke Division; Melbourne Australia
- Australian Catholic University; Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health; Fitzroy Victoria Australia
| | - Leeanne M Carey
- La Trobe University; Occupational Therapy, Department of Community and Clinical Allied Health, School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering; Melbourne Victoria Australia 3086
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne; Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Stroke Division; Melbourne Australia
| | - Natasha A Lannin
- La Trobe University; Occupational Therapy, Department of Community and Clinical Allied Health, School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering; Melbourne Victoria Australia 3086
- Alfred Health; Occupational Therapy Department; Prahran Victoria Australia
| | - Megan Turville
- La Trobe University; Occupational Therapy, Department of Community and Clinical Allied Health, School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering; Melbourne Victoria Australia 3086
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne; Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Stroke Division; Melbourne Australia
| | - Denise O'Connor
- Monash University; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine; The Alfred Centre 99 Commercial Road Melbourne Victoria Australia 3004
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Martinez RN, Hogan TP, Balbale S, Lones K, Goldstein B, Woo C, Smith BM. Sociotechnical Perspective on Implementing Clinical Video Telehealth for Veterans with Spinal Cord Injuries and Disorders. Telemed J E Health 2017; 23:567-576. [PMID: 28067586 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2016.0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Real-time videoconferencing technology such as clinical video telehealth (CVT) offers a means to reach patient populations who face limited access to healthcare. The Veterans Health Administration has invested in CVT to improve care access for U.S. military veterans with spinal cord injuries and disorders (SCI/D); however, no studies have assessed the factors that influence implementation of this technology in clinical practice for individuals with SCI/D. INTRODUCTION Guided by a sociotechnical perspective, the purpose of this study was to identify factors that influence implementation of CVT for veterans with SCI/D. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted semistructured telephone interviews with 40 healthcare providers who use CVT to deliver services to veterans with SCI/D. RESULTS Factors related to workflow and communication were widely reported as implementation barriers. Coordinating logistics for CVT appointments was challenging, and effective communication between CVT team members across facilities was considered crucial. Providers also cited factors related to technical infrastructure, people, and organizational features, including the need for appropriate equipment, space, personnel, and support for using CVT equipment. DISCUSSION The implementation of CVT in the care of veterans with SCI/D was influenced by an interrelated set of social and technical factors. Key among them were social factors related to people, workflow, and communication, given that CVT supports healthcare teams interacting remotely in real time. CONCLUSIONS CVT implementation requires teams working together to negotiate a complex, distributed process across multiple sites. Such complexity places a premium on teamwork and communication among healthcare teams before, during, and after a CVT encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael N Martinez
- 1 Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare , Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Affairs Hospital, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, Illinois
| | - Timothy P Hogan
- 2 Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research , Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Bedford, Massachusetts.,3 Division of Health Informatics and Implementation Science, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Salva Balbale
- 1 Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare , Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Affairs Hospital, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, Illinois.,4 Center for Healthcare Studies, Institute of Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Keshonna Lones
- 1 Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare , Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Affairs Hospital, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, Illinois
| | - Barry Goldstein
- 5 Spinal Cord Injuries and Disorders System of Care Program Office , U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Seattle, Washington.,6 Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Christine Woo
- 7 Louis Stokes Cleveland DVAMC , U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Bridget M Smith
- 1 Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare , Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Affairs Hospital, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, Illinois.,8 Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
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Systematic Review of Knowledge Translation Strategies to Promote Research Uptake in Child Health Settings. J Pediatr Nurs 2016; 31:235-54. [PMID: 26786910 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Strategies to assist evidence-based decision-making for healthcare professionals are crucial to ensure high quality patient care and outcomes. The goal of this systematic review was to identify and synthesize the evidence on knowledge translation interventions aimed at putting explicit research evidence into child health practice. METHODS A comprehensive search of thirteen electronic databases was conducted, restricted by date (1985-2011) and language (English). Articles were included if: 1) studies were randomized controlled trials (RCT), controlled clinical trials (CCT), or controlled before-and-after (CBA) studies; 2) target population was child health professionals; 3) interventions implemented research in child health practice; and 4) outcomes were measured at the professional/process, patient, or economic level. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed methodological quality. Study data were aggregated and analyzed using evidence tables. RESULTS Twenty-one studies (13 RCT, 2 CCT, 6 CBA) were included. The studies employed single (n=9) and multiple interventions (n=12). The methodological quality of the included studies was largely moderate (n=8) or weak (n=11). Of the studies with moderate to strong methodological quality ratings, three demonstrated consistent, positive effect(s) on the primary outcome(s); effective knowledge translation interventions were two single, non-educational interventions and one multiple, educational intervention. CONCLUSIONS This multidisciplinary systematic review in child health setting identified effective knowledge translation strategies assessed by the most rigorous research designs. Given the overall poor quality of the research literature, specific recommendations were made to improve knowledge translation efforts in child health.
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Bérubé M, Albert M, Chauny JM, Contandriopoulos D, DuSablon A, Lacroix S, Gagné A, Laflamme É, Boutin N, Delisle S, Pauzé AM, MacThiong JM. Development of theory-based knowledge translation interventions to facilitate the implementation of evidence-based guidelines on the early management of adults with traumatic spinal cord injury. J Eval Clin Pract 2015; 21:1157-68. [PMID: 25832735 DOI: 10.1111/jep.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Optimal, early management following a spinal cord injury (SCI) can limit individuals' disabilities and costs related to their care. Several knowledge syntheses were recently published to guide health care professionals with regard to early interventions in SCI patients. However, no knowledge translation (KT) intervention, selected according to a behaviour change theory, has been proposed to facilitate the use of SCI guidelines in an acute care setting. OBJECTIVES To develop theory-informed KT interventions to promote the application of evidence-based recommendations on the acute care management of SCI patients. METHODS The first four phases of the knowledge-to-action model were used to establish the study design. Knowledge selection was based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. Knowledge adaptation to the local context was sourced from the ADAPTE process. The theoretical domains framework oriented the selection and development of the interventions based on an assessment of barriers and enablers to knowledge application. RESULTS Twenty-nine recommendations were chosen and operationalized in measurable clinical indicators. Barriers related to knowledge, skills, perceived capacities, beliefs about consequences, social influences, and the environmental context and resources theoretical domains were identified. The mapping of behaviour change techniques associated with those barriers led to the development of an online educational curriculum, interdisciplinary clinical pathways as well as policies and procedures. CONCLUSIONS This research project allowed us developing KT interventions according to a thorough behavioural change methodology. Exposure to the generated interventions will support health care professionals in providing the best care to SCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Bérubé
- Orthopaedics and Trauma, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Albert
- Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Marc Chauny
- Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Anne DuSablon
- Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sébastien Lacroix
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Hôtel Dieu de St-Jérôme, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Annick Gagné
- Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Élise Laflamme
- Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Boutin
- Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Jean-Marc MacThiong
- Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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24
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The fragility of statistically significant findings from randomized trials in spine surgery: a systematic survey. Spine J 2015; 15:2188-97. [PMID: 26072464 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the most trustworthy source for evaluating treatment effects, but RCTs of spine surgery interventions often produce discordant results. The Fragility Index is a novel metric to inform about the robustness of statistically significant results. PURPOSE The aim was to determine the robustness of statistically significant results from RCTs of spine surgery interventions. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING This was a systematic survey. PATIENT SAMPLE The sample included RCTs of spine surgery interventions. OUTCOME MEASURES The Fragility Index is the minimum number of patients in a trial whose status would have to change from a nonevent to an event to change a statistically significant result to a nonsignificant result. Events refer to the occurrence of any dichotomous outcome, such as successful fusion, incident fracture, adjacent segment degeneration, or achievement of a certain functional score. A small Fragility Index indicates that the statistical significance of a result hinges on only a few events, and a large Fragility Index increases one's confidence in the observed treatment effects. METHODS We systematically reviewed a database for evidence-based orthopedics and identified all the RCTs that reported at least one positive outcome (ie, p<.05). Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility and extracted data. We used the Fisher exact test to compute Fragility Index values and multivariable linear regression to evaluate potential associated factors. RESULTS We identified 40 eligible RCTs with a median sample size of 132 patients (interquartile range [IQR] 79-208) and a median total number of outcome events for the chosen outcome of 31 (IQR 13-63). The median Fragility Index was two (IQR 1-3), which means that adding two events to one of the trial's treatment arms eliminated its statistical significance. The Fragility Index was less than or equal to three events in 75% of the trials, and was less than or equal to the number of patients lost to follow-up in 65% of the trials. Fragility Index values correlated positively with total sample size (r=0.35; p<.05). When adjusted for losses to follow-up and risk of bias, increasing Fragility Index values were associated only with increasingly significant reported p values (p<.01). CONCLUSIONS Statistically significant results in spine surgery RCTs are frequently fragile. The addition of only a small number of outcome events can completely eliminate significance. Surgeons, researchers, and other evidence users should exercise caution when interpreting the findings from RCTs with low Fragility Index values and applying these results to patient care.
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Balbale SN, Hill JN, Guihan M, Hogan TP, Cameron KA, Goldstein B, Evans CT. Evaluating implementation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prevention guidelines in spinal cord injury centers using the PARIHS framework: a mixed methods study. Implement Sci 2015; 10:130. [PMID: 26353798 PMCID: PMC4564999 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-015-0318-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Spinal Cord Injury and Disorder (SCI/D) Centers, the "Guidelines for Implementation of MRSA Prevention Initiative in the Spinal Cord Injury Centers" were released in July 2008 in the Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System. The purpose of this study was to use the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Systems (PARiHS) framework to evaluate the experiences of implementation of SCI/D MRSA prevention guidelines in VA SCI/D Centers approximately 2-3 years after the guidelines were released. METHODS Mixed methods were used across two phases in this study. The first phase included an anonymous, web-based cross-sectional survey administered to providers at all 24 VA SCI/D Centers. The second phase included semi-structured telephone interviews with providers at 9 SCI/D Centers. The PARiHS framework was used as the foundation of both the survey questions and semi-structured interview guide. RESULTS The survey was completed by 295 SCI/D providers (43.8 % response rate) from 22 of the 24 SCI/D Centers (91.7 % participation rate). Respondents included nurses (57.3 %), therapists (24.4 %), physicians (11.1 %), physician assistants (3.4 %), and other health care professionals (3.8 %). Approximately 36 % of the SCI/D providers surveyed had not seen, did not remember seeing, or had never heard of the MRSA SCI/D guidelines, whereas 42.3 % of providers reported that the MRSA SCI/D guidelines were fully implemented in their SCI/D Center. Data revealed numerous barriers and facilitators to guideline implementation. Facilitators included enhanced leadership support and provider education, focused guideline dissemination to reach SCI/D providers, and strong perceived evidence supporting the guidelines. Barriers included lack of awareness of the guidelines among physical therapists and physician assistants and challenges in cohorting/isolating MRSA-positive patients and following contact precautions. CONCLUSIONS Successful implementation of MRSA infection prevention guidelines in SCI/D settings requires (1) guideline dissemination that reaches the full range of SCI/D providers working in inpatient, outpatient, and other care settings, (2) provider education that is frequent and systematic, (3) strong leadership support, and (4) that barriers unique to the recommendations are addressed. These findings may be used to inform selection of implementation strategies and optimize infection prevention beyond MRSA as well as in other specialty care populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salva N Balbale
- Spinal Cord Injury Quality Enhancement Research Initiative, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, IL, USA. .,Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, IL, USA. .,Center for Healthcare Studies, Institute of Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Jennifer N Hill
- Spinal Cord Injury Quality Enhancement Research Initiative, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, IL, USA. .,Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, IL, USA.
| | - Marylou Guihan
- Spinal Cord Injury Quality Enhancement Research Initiative, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, IL, USA. .,Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, IL, USA. .,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Timothy P Hogan
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Bedford, MA, USA. .,eHealth Quality Enhancement Research Initiative, National eHealth QUERI Coordinating Center, Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Bedford, MA, USA. .,Division of Health Informatics and Implementation Science, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - Kenzie A Cameron
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Barry Goldstein
- Patient Care Services, Spinal Cord Injury/Disorders Services, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
| | - Charlesnika T Evans
- Spinal Cord Injury Quality Enhancement Research Initiative, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, IL, USA. .,Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, IL, USA. .,Center for Healthcare Studies, Institute of Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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