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Alabadi B, Civera M, De la Rosa A, Martinez-Hervas S, Gomez-Cabrera MC, Real JT. Low Muscle Mass Is Associated with Poorer Glycemic Control and Higher Oxidative Stress in Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:3167. [PMID: 37513585 PMCID: PMC10383462 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Body composition changes that occur during aging, such as loss of lean mass, are unfavorable at metabolic level and they can explain, in part, the appearance of certain age-associated diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Separately, T2D is associated with an increase in oxidative stress (OS) which negatively affects skeletal muscle. Our aim was to study the differences in clinical and nutritional parameters, disease control, and OS in a cohort of older patients with T2D classified according to the amount of lean mass they had. We included 100 adults older than 65 years with T2D. We found that women with low fat-free mass and muscle mass have worse T2D metabolic control. Moreover, the patients with a low percentile of muscle mass present a high value of OS. The study shows that the presence of low lean mass (LM) in the geriatric population diagnosed with T2D is associated with poorer glycemic control and greater OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Alabadi
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Civera
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Adrián De la Rosa
- Laboratory of Applied Sciences of Sport and Innovation Research Group (GICED), Unidades Tecnológicas de Santander (UTS), Bucaramanga 680006, Colombia
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergio Martinez-Hervas
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José T Real
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Maugeri G, Amato A, Sortino M, D Agata V, Musumeci G. The Influence of Exercise on Oxidative Stress after Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1401. [PMID: 37507940 PMCID: PMC10376509 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an irreversible disease resulting in partial or total loss of sensory and motor function. The pathophysiology of SCI is characterized by an initial primary injury phase followed by a secondary phase in which reactive oxygen species (ROSs) and associated oxidative stress play hallmark roles. Physical exercise is an indispensable means of promoting psychophysical well-being and improving quality of life. It positively influences the neuromuscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, and immune systems. Moreover, exercise may provide a mechanism to regulate the variation and equilibrium between pro-oxidants and antioxidants. After a brief overview of spinal cord anatomy and the different types of spinal cord injury, the purpose of this review is to investigate the evidence regarding the effect of exercise on oxidative stress among individuals with SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Maugeri
- Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Amato
- Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Sortino
- Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Velia D Agata
- Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Research Center on Motor Activities (CRAM), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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3
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The physical exercise-induced oxidative/inflammatory response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: Signaling cellular energetic stress situations. Life Sci 2023; 321:121440. [PMID: 36921686 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are a variety of specialized immune cells produced in the bone marrow from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that work together to protect our bodies from harmful pathogens. From a metabolic point of view, these cells can serve as sentinel tissue source for distinguishing multiple types of whole-body physiological perturbations. The significant interaction of PBMCs with systemic physiology makes these cells an attractive target for several interventions such as physical exercise. Analyses of oxidative/inflammatory and metabolic markers of PBMCs obtained from unhealthy and healthy humans have been used in monitoring immune response in different exercise conditions. It is already a common consensus that regular practice of physical exercise, that is planned, structured, and repetitive, influences personal health by altering the metabolic state and the immune system. However, the role of distinct metabolic processes responsible for maintaining metabolic balance during physical exercise in PBMCs is not fully understood. Furthermore, a complete dose-response analysis between different exercise protocols and biomarkers capable of predicting physical performance needs to be better elucidated. The absence of published reviews on this topic compromises the understanding of the crosstalk between the metabolic adaptations of PBMCs and exercise-induced changes in the immune system. Given the above, this review highlights the main findings in the literature involving the responses of PBMCs in the inflammatory/oxidative stress induced by physical exercise. The present review also highlights how distinct phenotypes and functional diversity of PBMCs make these cells an accessible alternative for assessing exercise-induced metabolic adaptations.
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Itodo OA, Flueck JL, Raguindin PF, Stojic S, Brach M, Perret C, Minder B, Franco OH, Muka T, Stucki G, Stoyanov J, Glisic M. Physical activity and cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol 2022; 37:335-365. [PMID: 35391647 PMCID: PMC9187578 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-022-00859-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Physical inactivity in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) has been suggested to be an important determinant of increased cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk. However, it remains unclear whether physically active SCI individuals as compared to inactive or less active individuals have truly better cardiometabolic risk profile. We aimed to systematically review and quantify the association between engagement in regular physical activity and/or exercise interventions and CMD risk factors in individuals with SCI. Four medical databases were searched and studies were included if they were clinical trials or observational studies conducted in adult individuals with SCI and provided information of interest. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was applied to rate the certainty of evidence. Of 5816 unique citations, 11 randomized clinical trials, 3 non-randomized trial and 32 cross-sectional studies comprising more than 5500 SCI individuals were included in the systematic review. In meta-analysis of RCTs and based on evidence of moderate certainty, physical activity in comparison to control intervention was associated with: (i) better glucose homeostasis profile [WMD of glucose, insulin and Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) were - 3.26 mg/dl (95% CI - 5.12 to - 1.39), - 3.19 μU/ml (95% CI - 3.96 to - 2.43)] and - 0.47 (95% CI - 0.60 to - 0.35), respectively], and (ii) improved cardiorespiratory fitness [WMD of relative and absolute oxygen uptake relative (VO2) were 4.53 ml/kg/min (95% CI 3.11, 5.96) and 0.26 L/min (95% CI 0.21, 0.32) respectively]. No differences were observed in blood pressure, heart rate and lipids (based on evidence of low/moderate certainty). In meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies and based on the evidence of very low to low certainty, glucose [WMD - 3.25 mg/dl (95% CI - 5.36, - 1.14)], insulin [- 2.12 μU/ml (95% CI - 4.21 to - 0.03)] and total cholesterol [WMD - 6.72 mg/dl (95% CI - 13.09, - 0.34)] were lower and HDL [WMD 3.86 mg/dl (95% CI 0.66, 7.05)] and catalase [0.07 UgHb-1 (95% CI 0.03, 0.11)] were higher in physically active SCI individuals in comparison to reference groups. Based on limited number of cross-sectional studies, better parameters of systolic and diastolic cardiac function and lower carotid intima media thickness were found in physically active groups. Methodologically sound clinical trials and prospective observational studies are required to further elaborate the impact of different physical activity prescriptions alone or in combination with other life-style interventions on CMD risk factors in SCI individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oche Adam Itodo
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Str. 1, 6207, Nottwil, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Peter Francis Raguindin
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Str. 1, 6207, Nottwil, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stevan Stojic
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Str. 1, 6207, Nottwil, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mirjam Brach
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Str. 1, 6207, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Perret
- Sports Medicine, Swiss Paraplegic Centre Nottwil, 6207, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Minder
- Public Health and Primary Care Library, University Library of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Taulant Muka
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gerold Stucki
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Str. 1, 6207, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Jivko Stoyanov
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Str. 1, 6207, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Marija Glisic
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Str. 1, 6207, Nottwil, Switzerland.
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
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Arc-Chagnaud C, Salvador-Pascual A, Garcia-Dominguez E, Olaso-Gonzalez G, Correas AG, Serna E, Brioche T, Chopard A, Fernandez-Marcos PJ, Serrano M, Serrano AL, Muñoz-Cánoves P, Sebastiá V, Viña J, Gomez-Cabrera MC. Glucose 6-P dehydrogenase delays the onset of frailty by protecting against muscle damage. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:1879-1896. [PMID: 34704386 PMCID: PMC8718080 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty is a major age-associated syndrome leading to disability. Oxidative damage plays a significant role in the promotion of frailty. The cellular antioxidant system relies on reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) that is highly dependent on glucose 6-P dehydrogenase (G6PD). The G6PD-overexpressing mouse (G6PD-Tg) is protected against metabolic stresses. Our aim was to examine whether this protection delays frailty. METHODS Old wild-type (WT) and G6PD-Tg mice were evaluated longitudinally in terms of frailty. Indirect calorimetry, transcriptomic profile, and different skeletal muscle quality markers and muscle regenerative capacity were also investigated. RESULTS The percentage of frail mice was significantly lower in the G6PD-Tg than in the WT genotype, especially in 26-month-old mice where 50% of the WT were frail vs. only 13% of the Tg ones (P < 0.001). Skeletal muscle transcriptomic analysis showed an up-regulation of respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation (P = 0.009) as well as glutathione metabolism (P = 0.035) pathways in the G6PD-Tg mice. Accordingly, the Tg animals exhibited an increase in reduced glutathione (34.5%, P < 0.01) and a decrease on its oxidized form (-69%, P < 0.05) and in lipid peroxidation (4-HNE: -20.5%, P < 0.05). The G6PD-Tg mice also showed reduced apoptosis (BAX/Bcl2: -25.5%, P < 0.05; and Bcl-xL: -20.5%, P < 0.05), lower levels of the intramuscular adipocyte marker FABP4 (-54.7%, P < 0.05), and increased markers of mitochondrial content (COX IV: 89.7%, P < 0.05; Grp75: 37.8%, P < 0.05) and mitochondrial OXPHOS complexes (CII: 81.25%, P < 0.01; CIII: 52.5%, P < 0.01; and CV: 37.2%, P < 0.05). Energy expenditure (-4.29%, P < 0.001) and the respiratory exchange ratio were lower (-13.4%, P < 0.0001) while the locomotor activity was higher (43.4%, P < 0.0001) in the 20-month-old Tg, indicating a major energetic advantage in these mice. Short-term exercise training in young C57BL76J mice induced a robust activation of G6PD in skeletal muscle (203.4%, P < 0.05), similar to that achieved in the G6PD-Tg mice (142.3%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Glucose 6-P dehydrogenase deficiency can be an underestimated risk factor for several human pathologies and even frailty. By overexpressing G6PD, we provide the first molecular model of robustness. Because G6PD is regulated by pharmacological and physiological interventions like exercise, our results provide molecular bases for interventions that by increasing G6PD will delay the onset of frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Arc-Chagnaud
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrea Salvador-Pascual
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Esther Garcia-Dominguez
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gloria Olaso-Gonzalez
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Angela G Correas
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Serna
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Thomas Brioche
- INRAE, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Angele Chopard
- INRAE, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pablo J Fernandez-Marcos
- Metabolic Syndrome Group - BIOPROMET, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies - IMDEA Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Serrano
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio L Serrano
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra and CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra and CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Sebastiá
- Clinica Ypsilon de medicina física y rehabilitación, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Viña
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
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Frailty Is Associated with Oxidative Stress in Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113983. [PMID: 34836238 PMCID: PMC8624526 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging has increased the prevalence of frailty, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) has also increased in prevalence. Diabetes and oxidative stress (OS) have been shown to be related to frailty. However, the exact mechanism by which it occurs is not fully known. Our aim was to analyze body composition in community-dwelling older diabetic people treated in our center and to evaluate the possible relation between OS, frailty, and body composition. We included 100 adults older than 65 years with T2D. We found that 15% were frail and 57% were prefrail. The patients included in the nonrobust group showed increased levels of OS. Our study shows that the presence of T2D in the geriatric population is associated with a high prevalence of frailty and high OS levels, conditions that cause greater morbidity and mortality and that highlight the importance of the diagnosis of frailty in this population.
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De la Rosa A, Olaso-Gonzalez G, Garcia-Dominguez E, Mastaloudis A, Hester SN, Wood SM, Gomez-Cabrera MC, Viña J. Glucosamine Supplementation Improves Physical Performance in Trained Mice. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 54:466-474. [PMID: 34711707 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION D-Glucosamine (GlcN) is one of the most widely consumed dietary supplements and complementary medicines in the world and has been traditionally used to attenuate osteoarthritis in humans. GlcN extends lifespan in different animal models. In humans, its supplementation has been strongly associated with decreased total mortality and improved vascular endothelial function. GlcN acts as a suppressor of inflammation and by inhibiting glycolysis, it can activate the metabolism of stored fat and mitochondrial respiration. METHODS The conventional human GlcN dose is 1,500 mg x day-1 but extensive evidence indicates that much higher doses are well tolerated. GlcN is one of the supplements that has experienced a greater use in the last years in elite athletes mainly due to its potential chondroprotective effects that may promote cartilage health. However, the possibility of it being an ergogenic aid has not been explored. We aimed to study the potential beneficial effects of GlcN on mitochondrial content, on physical performance and oxidative stress in mice that were aerobically trained and supplemented with three different doses of glucosamine (250, 500, and 1,000 mg x Kg-1) for six weeks. We measured exercise performance (grip strength, motor coordination and running capacity) before and after the training period. Proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis (AMPK, PGC-1, NRF-1, SIRT-1, cytochrome c, citrate synthase), markers of oxidative stress (GSSG/GSH) or damage (MDA, carbonylated proteins), antioxidant enzymes (NRF-2, SOD1, SOD2, Catalase and PRDX6) and MAPKs (p38 and ERK ½) were also determined in skeletal muscle. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Our results show that GlcN supplementation in aerobically trained mice, at doses equivalent to those conventionally used in humans, increases the protein levels of mitochondrial biogenesis markers, improves motor coordination and may have a synergistic effect with exercise training on running distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian De la Rosa
- Freshage Research Group. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES. Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Spain Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Sports Science and Innovation Research Group (GICED), Unidades Tecnológicas de Santander (UTS), Bucaramanga (Colombia) Pharmanex Research, NSE Products, Inc., Provo, UT
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Ogino S, Ogino N, Tomizuka K, Eitoku M, Okada Y, Tanaka Y, Suganuma N, Ogino K. SOD2 mRNA as a potential biomarker for exercise: interventional and cross-sectional research in healthy subjects. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2021; 69:137-144. [PMID: 34616105 PMCID: PMC8482385 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.21-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The health-promoting effects of exercise are explained by the biological adaptation to oxidative stress via maintenance of mitochondrial function especially in muscles. Although the induction of antioxidant enzymes in muscle is a useful indicator of exercise, it is not widely used due to the invasiveness of muscle biopsies. To explore more suitable biomarkers for exercise, we examined mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 14 volunteers in an exercise intervention study. These results were validated in a cross-sectional study of 392 healthy individuals, and we investigated the association between exercise habits, smoking, alcohol consumption, mitochondrial DNA, malondialdehyde, and various clinical features. The 2-week exercise increased superoxide dismutase 1 at the end of exercise and superoxide dismutase 2 from week 4 onwards. In the cross-sectional study, superoxide dismutase 2 correlated positively with exercise habits and number of mitochondrial DNA, and negatively with malondialdehyde levels. Multivariate binominal regression analysis showed that superoxide dismutase 2 was positively associated with exercise habits in nonsmoking individuals. These results suggest that mRNA levels of superoxide dismutase 2 in blood might be a potentially useful biomarker for exercise in healthy individuals. This study was registered with University Hospital Medical Information Network (No: 000038034).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihona Ogino
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan.,First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Ogino
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan.,Third Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kotomi Tomizuka
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Eitoku
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Yosuke Okada
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Tanaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Narufumi Suganuma
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Keiki Ogino
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
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9
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Zhu S, Yang BS, Li SJ, Tong G, Tan JY, Wu GF, Li L, Chen GL, Chen Q, Lin LJ. Protein post-translational modifications after spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1935-1943. [PMID: 33642363 PMCID: PMC8343325 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.308068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficits in intrinsic neuronal capacities in the spinal cord, a lack of growth support, and suppression of axonal outgrowth by inhibitory molecules mean that spinal cord injury almost always has devastating consequences. As such, one of the primary targets for the treatment of spinal cord injury is to develop strategies to antagonize extrinsic or intrinsic axonal growth-inhibitory factors or enhance the factors that support axonal growth. Among these factors, a series of individual protein level disorders have been identified during the generation of axons following spinal cord injury. Moreover, an increasing number of studies have indicated that post-translational modifications of these proteins have important implications for axonal growth. Some researchers have discovered a variety of post-translational modifications after spinal cord injury, such as tyrosination, acetylation, and phosphorylation. In this review, we reviewed the post-translational modifications for axonal growth, functional recovery, and neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury, a better understanding of which may elucidate the dynamic change of spinal cord injury-related molecules and facilitate the development of a new therapeutic strategy for spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhu
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bing-Sheng Yang
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Si-Jing Li
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ge Tong
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Ye Tan
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guo-Feng Wu
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guo-Li Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Li-Jun Lin
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Glänzel NM, Grings M, da Rosa-Junior NT, Cereta de Carvalho LM, Mohsen AW, Wipf P, Wajner M, Vockley J, Leipnitz G. The mitochondrial-targeted reactive species scavenger JP4-039 prevents sulfite-induced alterations in antioxidant defenses, energy transfer, and cell death signaling in striatum of rats. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:481-491. [PMID: 32882059 PMCID: PMC8039837 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sulfite oxidase (SO) deficiency is a disorder caused either by isolated deficiency of SO or by defects in the synthesis of its molybdenum cofactor. It is characterized biochemically by tissue sulfite accumulation. Patients present with seizures, progressive neurological damage, and basal ganglia abnormalities, the pathogenesis of which is not fully established. Treatment is supportive and largely ineffective. To address the pathophysiology of sulfite toxicity, we examined the effects of intrastriatal administration of sulfite in rats on antioxidant defenses, energy transfer, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and apoptosis pathways in rat striatum. Sulfite administration decreased glutathione (GSH) concentration and glutathione peroxidase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione reductase activities in striatal tissue. Creatine kinase (CK) activity, a crucial enzyme for cell energy transfer, was also decreased by sulfite. Superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) and catalase (CAT) proteins were increased, while heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was decreased. Additionally, sulfite altered phosphorylation of MAPK by decreasing of p38 and increasing of ERK. Sulfite further augmented the content of GSK-3β, Bok, and cleaved caspase-3, indicating increased apoptosis. JP4-039 is a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant that reaches higher intramitochondrial levels than other traditional antioxidants. Intraperitoneal injection of JP4-039 before sulfite administration preserved activity of antioxidant enzymes and CK. It also prevented or attenuated alterations in SOD1, CAT, and HO-1 protein content, as well as changes in p38, ERK, and apoptosis markers. In sum, oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by sulfite injection are prevented by JP4-039, identifying this molecule as a promising candidate for pharmacological treatment of SO-deficient patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nícolas Manzke Glänzel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mateus Grings
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nevton Teixeira da Rosa-Junior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Leila Maria Cereta de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Al-Walid Mohsen
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Peter Wipf
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jerry Vockley
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Metabolic Impacts of Confinement during the COVID-19 Pandemic Due to Modified Diet and Physical Activity Habits. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061549. [PMID: 32466598 PMCID: PMC7352228 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
While the detrimental effects of a chronic positive energy balance due to a sedentary lifestyle have been well established, the impacts of a short period of abruptly reduced physical activity and overeating arising from strict confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic will soon start to emerge. To reasonably anticipate major consequences according to the available evidence, we hereby review the literature for studies that have explored the health impacts of several weeks of a reduction in physical activity and daily step-count combined with modified eating habits. These studies identify as main metabolic consequences increases in insulin resistance, total body fat, abdominal fat and inflammatory cytokines. All these factors have been strongly associated with the development of metabolic syndrome, which in turn increases the risk of multiple chronic diseases. A plausible mechanism involved in these impacts could be a positive energy balance promoted by maintaining usual dietary intake while reducing energy expenditure. This means that just as calorie intake restriction could help mitigate the deleterious impacts of a bout of physical inactivity, overeating under conditions of home confinement is very likely to exacerbate these consequences. Moreover, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease have been identified as potential risk factors for more severely ill patients with COVID-19. Thus, adequate control of metabolic disorders could be important to reduce the risk of severe COVID-19.
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De la Rosa A, Solana E, Corpas R, Bartrés-Faz D, Pallàs M, Vina J, Sanfeliu C, Gomez-Cabrera MC. Long-term exercise training improves memory in middle-aged men and modulates peripheral levels of BDNF and Cathepsin B. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3337. [PMID: 30833610 PMCID: PMC6399244 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40040-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by a decline in memory and other brain functions. Physical exercise may mitigate this decline through the modulation of factors participating in the crosstalk between skeletal muscle and the brain, such as neurotrophins and oxidative stress parameters. We aimed to determine whether long term exercise training (35 ± 15 years) promotes memory maintenance in middle-aged men, and to characterize the changes in neurotrophic factors and lipid oxidation markers in peripheral blood samples in both middle-aged and young men. The neuropsychological analysis showed significant improvements in memory through the Free and Cued Immediate Recall tests, in the middle-aged trained individuals when compared to the sedentary ones. We found a significant decrease in the resting serum BDNF and plasma Cathepsin B (CTSB) levels in the trained groups at both middle and young ages. BDNF and CTSB levels were inversely correlated with weekly hours of exercise. We also found a significant decrease in plasma malondialdehyde, an index of lipid peroxidation, in middle-aged and young trained subjects. The positive impact of long-term exercise training by delaying the onset of physiological memory loss and the associated neurotrophic and redox peripheral modulation, suggests the effectiveness of exercise as preventive strategy against age-related memory loss and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián De la Rosa
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Solana
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén Corpas
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, IDIBAPS and CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Institut de Neurociència, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Vina
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Coral Sanfeliu
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, IDIBAPS and CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
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Grings M, Moura AP, Parmeggiani B, Pletsch JT, Cardoso GMF, August PM, Matté C, Wyse ATS, Wajner M, Leipnitz G. Bezafibrate prevents mitochondrial dysfunction, antioxidant system disturbance, glial reactivity and neuronal damage induced by sulfite administration in striatum of rats: Implications for a possible therapeutic strategy for sulfite oxidase deficiency. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:2135-2148. [PMID: 28529047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sulfite accumulates in tissues of patients affected by sulfite oxidase (SO) deficiency, a neurometabolic disease characterized by seizures and progressive encephalopathy, often resulting in early death. We investigated the effects of sulfite on mitochondrial function, antioxidant system, glial reactivity and neuronal damage in rat striatum, as well as the potential protective effects of bezafibrate on sulfite-induced toxicity. Thirty-day-old rats were intrastriatally administered with sulfite (2μmol) or NaCl (2μmol; control) and euthanized 30min after injection for evaluation of biochemical parameters and western blotting, or 7days after injection for analysis of glial reactivity and neuronal damage. Treatment with bezafibrate (30 or 100mg/kg/day) was performed by gavage during 7days before (pre-treatment) or after sulfite administration. Sulfite decreased creatine kinase and citrate synthase activities, mitochondrial mass, and PGC-1α nuclear content whereas bezafibrate pre-treatment prevented these alterations. Sulfite also diminished cytochrome c oxidase (COX) IV-1 content, glutathione levels and the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH). On the other hand, catalase activity was increased by sulfite. Bezafibrate pre-treatment prevented the reduction of GPx, GR, GST and G6PDH activities. Finally, sulfite induced glial reactivity and neuronal damage, which were prevented by bezafibrate when administered before or after sulfite administration. Our findings provide strong evidence that sulfite induces neurotoxicity that leads to glial reactivity and neuronal damage. Since bezafibrate exerts neuroprotective effects against sulfite toxicity, it may be an attractive agent for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for SO-deficient patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Grings
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alana Pimentel Moura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Belisa Parmeggiani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Tauana Pletsch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Miranda Fernandez Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pauline Maciel August
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Matté
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, CEP 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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