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Blum IR. Primary care dentistry: Past, present and future. J Dent 2024; 145:105007. [PMID: 38677403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This article examines the past, present and future of primary care dentistry. It provides a historical background of primary care dentistry and describes stages of its evolution. It further reviews the purpose and mission of contemporary primary care dentistry and outlines a vision for the development of primary care dentistry in the future. The type and extent of innovations and technological advances that have impacted - and improved - primary care dentistry revolutionising clinical activities, ranging from early computerised tomography to modern digital systems and workflows are summarised. A discussion of current scientific evidence base pertinent to primary care dentistry highlighting the need for 'effectiveness' rather than 'efficacy' studies is included in order to provide research data pertinent to the primary care dentistry setting where most dental patients receive most of their care most of the time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor R Blum
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; King's College Hospital Dental Institute, London, UK.
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2
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Alyahya Y. A narrative review of minimally invasive techniques in restorative dentistry. Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:228-233. [PMID: 38419994 PMCID: PMC10897608 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This narrative review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of minimal invasive dentistry (MID) by synthesizing relevant articles obtained from various sources, including electronic databases such as PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, the COCHRANE library, and Science Direct, as well as through manual searches of cross-references and textbooks. The search employed MeSH terms and keywords related to MID, such as "minimally invasive dentistry," "atraumatic restorative treatment (ART)," "MID," and "minimum intervention dentistry." The inclusion criterion was English-language articles published between the years 2000 and June 2023 that aligned with the study objectives. After a thorough assessment of the included articles, 34 high-quality articles were selected for this review. The selected articles elucidate the characteristics of MID, the application of the ART, and the principles of minimum intervention in dentistry. Animal-based studies and narrative reviews on MID were excluded from the analysis. This narrative review serves as a valuable resource for dental professionals, researchers, and educators interested in staying abreast of the latest developments and evidence in the field of MID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Alyahya
- Department of Conservative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Besegato JF, de Melo PBG, Abreu Bernardi AC, Souza MT, Zanotto ED, Bagnato VS, de Souza Rastelli AN. Using Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy with Ultrasound Devices and Bioactive Glasses as a Combined Approach for Treating Dentin Caries Lesions. Pathogens 2023; 12:1052. [PMID: 37624012 PMCID: PMC10459246 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12081052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel approaches for caries lesion removal and treatment have been proposed. This study evaluates the combined use of an experimental ultrasound, aPDT (antimicrobial photodynamic therapy) and bioactive glasses on the removal, decontamination and remineralization of dentin caries lesions. A biological model created with a duo species biofilm (Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus) was used for the development of a caries-like lesion over the dentin for 7 days. Bovine dentin specimens (4 × 4 × 2 mm) were randomized according to the following caries removal techniques: bur (BUR) or ultrasound (ULT), decontamination (with or without aPDT) and remineralization materials (45S5 or F18 bioactive glasses). The following different groups were investigated: caries lesion (control); sound dentin (control); BUR; BUR + aPDT; ULT; ULT + aPDT; BUR + 45S5, BUR + F18; ULT + 45S5; ULT + F18; BUR + aPDT + 45S5; BUR + aPDT + F18; ULT + aPDT + 45S5; and ULT + aPDT + F18. Transverse microradiography (TMR), cross-sectional microhardness (CSH), FT-Raman spectroscopy and confocal microscopy (CLSM) were performed. A two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test were used (α = 0.05). (3) Results: The TMR revealed a lesion depth of 213.9 ± 49.5 μm and a mineral loss of 4929.3% vol.μm. The CSH increases as a function of depth, regardless of the group (p < 0.05). Removal with BUR (24.40-63.03 KHN) has a greater CSH than ULT (20.01-47.53 KHN; p < 0.05). aPDT did not affect the CSH (p > 0.05). No difference was observed between 45S5 or F18 (p > 0.05), but a change was observed for ULT (p > 0.05). The FT-Raman shows no differences for the phosphate (p > 0.05), but a difference is observed for the carbonate and C-H bonds. The CLSM images show that aPDT effectively inactivates residual bacteria. A combination of ULT, aPDT and bioactive glasses can be a promising minimally invasive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Felipe Besegato
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (P.B.G.d.M.)
| | - Priscila Borges Gobbo de Melo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (P.B.G.d.M.)
| | | | - Marina Trevelin Souza
- Vitreous Materials Laboratory (LaMaV), Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos—UFSCar, São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil; (M.T.S.); (E.D.Z.)
| | - Edgar Dutra Zanotto
- Vitreous Materials Laboratory (LaMaV), Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos—UFSCar, São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil; (M.T.S.); (E.D.Z.)
| | - Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato
- Department of Materials Science and Physics, Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo—USP, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil;
| | - Alessandra Nara de Souza Rastelli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (P.B.G.d.M.)
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Alam BF, Najmi MA, Qasim SB, Almulhim KS, Ali S. A bibliometric analysis of minimally invasive dentistry: A review of the literature from 1994 to 2021. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 130:179-186. [PMID: 34740459 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Minimally invasive dentistry is a technique for the maximal preservation of healthy tooth structures and has been a focus of attention in dental research. However, a detailed bibliometric analysis focusing on research related to minimally invasive dentistry is lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this bibliometric analysis was to analyze leading countries and organizations and to identify the preferred journals, the most productive authors, and the most commonly used keywords in the field of minimally invasive dentistry. MATERIAL AND METHODS The search was performed by using the Scopus database, and publications pertinent to the field of minimally invasive dentistry from 1994 to 2021 were identified. A bibliometric analysis with reference to citations and documents, authors, journals, and keywords was performed. A total of 391 articles published in Scopus indexed journals between 1994 and January 2021 were analyzed by using a software program. RESULTS A continuing yet steady increase in research publications was identified, with a substantial increase in publications since 2013. The United States and Germany were the countries that published the most articles (98 and 46, respectively), articles that received 1877 and 806 citations, respectively. Cardiff University, UK, was the most productive organization that received 212 citations. The most highly cited articles were from the Q1 category. Blum from King's College London was the highest-cited author in this field. CONCLUSIONS Considerable advancement has been made in minimally invasive dentistry, as demonstrated by the increase in the number of publications linked with collaboration among various authors, nations, and institutes. This citation analysis gives a perspective on the progress of research in the field of minimally invasive dentistry and allows identification of the most significant and pertinent research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Fatima Alam
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Arqam Najmi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dental Materials, Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saad Bin Qasim
- Assistant Professor, Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Khalid S Almulhim
- Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saqib Ali
- Lecturer, Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Lin Y, McColl E, Duncan HF. Top tips for minimally invasive dentistry in primary care. Br Dent J 2023; 235:84-86. [PMID: 37500842 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-6127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yen Lin
- Clinical Lecturer in Dental Education, Peninsula Dental School (University of Plymouth), Portland Square, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom.
| | - Ewen McColl
- Director of Clinical Dentistry, Peninsula Dental School (University of Plymouth), Derriford Dental Education Facility, Plymouth Science Park, Research Way, Plymouth, PL6 8BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Henry F Duncan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 F859, Ireland.
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Alshabib A, Abid Althaqafi K, AlMoharib HS, Mirah M, AlFawaz YF, Algamaiah H. Dental Fiber-Post Systems: An In-Depth Review of Their Evolution, Current Practice and Future Directions. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050551. [PMID: 37237621 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of dental medicine is constantly evolving and advancing toward minimally invasive techniques. Several studies have demonstrated that bonding to the tooth structure, particularly enamel, yields the most predictable results. In some instances, however, significant tooth loss, pulpal necrosis, or irreversible pulpitis may limit the options available to the restorative dentist. In these cases, placement of a post and core followed by a crown is the preferred treatment option, provided all requirements are met. This literature review provides an overview of the historical development of dental FRC post systems as well as a comprehensive examination of the currently available posts and their bonding requirements. In addition, it offers valuable insights for dental professionals seeking to understand the current state of the field and the prospects of dental FRC post systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Alshabib
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Abid Althaqafi
- Department of Restorative Dental Department, College of Dentistry, University of Umm Al Qura, Makkah 24211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani S AlMoharib
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahir Mirah
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, Dental College, and Hospital, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser F AlFawaz
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Algamaiah
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
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Abdelhafeez MM, Alharbi FM, Srivastava S, Eldwakhly E, Saadaldin SA, Soliman M. Perception of Minimum Interventional Dentistry among Dental Undergraduate Students and Interns. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59040649. [PMID: 37109609 PMCID: PMC10143900 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The philosophy of minimum interventional dentistry (MID) is to integrate prevention, remineralization, and minimal intervention for the placement and replacement of restorations. All branches of dentistry play an important role in practicing MID, and their primary goal is to realize that any restoration is of less biological significance than the healthy original tissue Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the perception of MID among dental undergraduate students and interns in terms of knowledge, attitude, and practice at the College of Dentistry. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students and interns at the College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed, which included basic demographic profiles and questions about the knowledge, attitude, and practices toward MID. The data were tabulated in MS Excel, and all statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 21. Results: A total of 163 dental students were recruited, with senior students comprising 73% and interns comprising 27%. Male students were slightly more prevalent (50.9%) than female students (49.1%). About 37.6% of participants received training about MID during educational courses, while 10.3% received it during their internship. A statistical test revealed that the prevalence of interns who were trained in performing MID was significantly higher (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The majority of the participants demonstrated proper knowledge, attitude, and practice in different aspects of MID. Interns reported a higher rate of knowledge, attitude, and practice in MID compared to undergraduate students. However, more education and hands-on training about MID concepts during the college curriculum are necessary to attain better knowledge, attitude, and practices that could be useful for more conservative clinical practice.
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Chemomechanical Caries Removal Methods: A Literature Review. Saudi Dent J 2023; 35:233-243. [PMID: 37091279 PMCID: PMC10114597 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To provide dental practitioners and researchers with a comprehensive review of the historical development, chemical composition, mechanisms of action, advantages, and drawbacks of different chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR) agents. Methods An electronic search was performed for all articles published on CMCR agents in various databases, including the Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Google Scholar bibliographic databases, from January 1, 1975, to July 31, 2022. Results Records were identified using the following search terms: Brix3000, Carie-Care, Caridex, Carisolv, chemomechanical caries removal, conventional surgical method, and Papacárie. A total of 171 articles were screened based on the titles and abstracts, of which 126 were deemed eligible for inclusion after duplicates were removed. Following a manual search of the reference list, eight articles were added. Articles were then excluded for other reasons, such as being written before 1975, being written in a language other than English, and the non-availability of the full text. Overall, 120 articles were included in the analysis (literature reviews [n = 27], systematic reviews [n = 8], research articles [n = 82], case reports [n = 3]). Conclusion CMCR is a potential method of caries control in the future as an alternative to the conventional surgical approach in standard dentistry applications. It is more widely accepted, less painful, and has comparable efficacy to the conventional surgical method. Clinical significance A continuous trend among manufacturers has been observed since 1975 to reduce the drawbacks of CMCR agents. Moreover, evidence-based minimally invasive techniques, including CMCR agents that require minimal or no aerosol-generating procedures, are preferred while measures to control the spread of coronavirus disease are in force.
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Souza TFD, Martins ML, Jural LA, Maciel IP, Magno MB, Coqueiro RDS, Pithon MM, Leal SC, Fonseca-Gonçalves A, Maia LC. Did the Use of Minimum Interventions for Caries Management Change during the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Cross-Sectional Study. Caries Res 2023; 57:459-469. [PMID: 36623490 DOI: 10.1159/000528837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the frequency of use of minimum intervention (MI) techniques for caries management during the COVID-19 pandemic. A questionnaire was applied through the SurveyMonkeyTM platform to evaluate changes in the dentist's frequency of use of noninvasive, microinvasive, minimally invasive, and mixed interventions, nonaerosol or aerosol productive, to manage dental caries before and during COVID-19 pandemic. Differences in the use of MI techniques were analyzed by Wilcoxon test, and the effect size (ES) was calculated. An α = 0.05 was adopted. A total of 781 dentists answered the questionnaire; most of them were female (76.4%), with 30s (76.4%), graduated over 10-24 years ago (38%) in public dental schools (62%), graduated in southwest of Brazil (38%), that work in clinical environment (66.8%) and in private jobs (53.4%). During COVID-19, among the sample, 91 respondents were not working. In relation to the noninvasive techniques, only the use of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic (p < 0.01; ES = 0.11). The frequency of sealants to repair defective restorations was the only microinvasive technique that increased during the pandemic (p < 0.01; ES = 0.03). Among the minimally invasive techniques, the use of atraumatic restorative treatment increased significantly (p < 0.01; ES = 0.06), while the use of air abrasion decreased (p = 0.02; ES = 0.04) during COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, nonrestorative cavity control (mixed intervention) increased during pandemic period (p < 0.001; ES = 0.11). Although the results demonstrated differences in the use of some procedures, a very small magnitude of the effect was perceived, demonstrating that the influence of COVID-19 pandemic was very little, if any, in the use of MI techniques for caries management. Moreover, the use of MI strategies was already well established between Brazilian dentists before the pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainá Fontes de Souza
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,
| | - Mariana Leonel Martins
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucas Alves Jural
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isadora Passos Maciel
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Marcela Baraúna Magno
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus Melo Pithon
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Health I, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste Da Bahia (UESB), Jequié, Brazil
| | - Soraya Coelho Leal
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Andréa Fonseca-Gonçalves
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Lim ZE, Duncan HF, Moorthy A, McReynolds D. Minimally invasive selective caries removal: a clinical guide. Br Dent J 2023; 234:233-240. [PMID: 36829011 PMCID: PMC9957719 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-5515-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
An evolving understanding of the carious process, along with new research in adhesive restorative materials, has led to a more conservative, minimally invasive and biologically-based approach to managing dental carious lesions. The growing volume of literature has also demonstrated prognostic success in the selective caries excavation technique, subsequently preventing excessive tooth structure removal and injury to the dentine-pulp complex, which maintains pulp vitality and improves the long-term prognosis of the tooth. However, at present, there remains a limited volume of high-quality evidence to support selective caries removal, which subsequently could partly explain some resistance to its use in clinical practice. This clinical technique guide aims to demonstrate the management of carious lesions of moderate-to-deep depth in permanent teeth based on current minimally invasive dental literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi En Lim
- General Dental Practitioner, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Henry F. Duncan
- grid.8217.c0000 0004 1936 9705Professor/Consultant in Endodontics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - David McReynolds
- Academic Prosthodontist and Assistant Professor in Restorative Dentistry, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Ireland.
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Mannocci F, Bitter K, Sauro S, Ferrari P, Austin R, Bhuva B. Present status and future directions: The restoration of root filled teeth. Int Endod J 2022; 55 Suppl 4:1059-1084. [PMID: 35808836 PMCID: PMC9796050 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This narrative review will focus on a number of contemporary considerations relating to the restoration of root filled teeth and future directions for research. Clinicians are now more than ever, aware of the interdependence of the endodontic and restorative aspects of managing root filled teeth, and how these aspects of treatment are fundamental to obtaining the best long-term survival. To obtain the optimal outcomes for patients, clinicians carrying out endodontic treatment should have a vested interest in the restorative phase of the treatment process, as well as an appreciation for the structural and biomechanical effects of endodontic-restorative procedures on restoration and tooth longevity. Furthermore, the currently available research, largely lacks appreciation of occlusal factors in the longevity of root filled teeth, despite surrogate outcomes demonstrating the considerable influence this variable has. Controversies regarding the clinical relevance of minimally invasive endodontic and restorative concepts are largely unanswered with respect to clinical data, and it is therefore, all too easy to dismiss these ideas due to the lack of scientific evidence. However, conceptually, minimally invasive endodontic-restorative philosophies appear to be valid, and therefore, in the pursuit of improved clinical outcomes, it is important that the efficacies of these treatment protocols are determined. Alongside an increased awareness of the preservation of tooth structure, developments in adhesive bonding, ceramic materials and the inevitable integration of digital dentistry, there is also a need to evaluate the efficacy of new treatment philosophies and techniques with well-designed prospective clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mannocci
- Department of EndodonticsFaculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Kerstin Bitter
- Department of Operative and Preventive DentistryCharité ‐ University Medicine BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Departamento de Odontología, Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad CEU‐Cardenal Herrera ValenciaAlfara del PatriarcaSpain
| | - Paolo Ferrari
- Department of Operative DentistryUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Rupert Austin
- Department of ProsthodonticsFaculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Bhavin Bhuva
- Department of EndodonticsFaculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
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Maciel Pires P, Ionescu AC, Pérez-Gracia MT, Vezzoli E, Soares IPM, Brambilla E, de Almeida Neves A, Sauro S. Assessment of the remineralisation induced by contemporary ion-releasing materials in mineral-depleted dentine. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:6195-6207. [PMID: 35670863 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluate the ability of current ion-releasing materials to remineralise bacteria-driven artificial caries lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Standardised class I cavities were obtained in 60 extracted human molars. Specimens underwent a microbiological cariogenic protocol (28 days) to generate artificial caries lesions and then were randomly divided into four restorative groups: adhesive + composite (negative control); glass ionomer cement (GIC); calcium silicate cement (MTA); and resin-modified calcium silicate cement (RMTA). Microhardness analysis (ΔKHN) was performed on 40 specimens (10/group, t = 30 days, 45 days, 60 days in artificial saliva, AS). Micro-CT scans were acquired (3/group, t = 0 days, 30 days, and 90 days in AS). Confocal microscopy was employed for interfacial ultra-morphology analysis (2/group, t = 0 days and 60 days in AS). Additional specimens were prepared and processed for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and FTIR (n = 3/group + control) to analyse the ability of the tested materials to induce apatite formation on totally demineralised dentine discs (60 days in AS). Statistical analyses were performed with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS Adhesive + composite specimens showed the lowest ΔKHN values and the presence of gaps at the interface when assessed through micro-CT even after storage in AS. Conversely, all the tested ion-releasing materials presented an increase in ΔKHN after storage (p < 0.05), while MTA best reduced the demineralised artificial carious lesions gap at the interface. MTA and RMTA also showed apatite deposition on totally demineralised dentine surfaces (SEM and FTIR). CONCLUSIONS All tested ion-releasing materials expressed mineral precipitation in demineralised dentine. Additionally, calcium silicate-based materials induced apatite precipitation and hardness recovery of artificial carious dentine lesions over time. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Current ion-releasing materials can induce remineralisation of carious dentine. MTA shows enhanced ability of nucleation/precipitation of hydroxyapatite compared to RMTA and GIC, which may be more appropriate to recover severe mineral-depleted dentine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Maciel Pires
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrei Cristian Ionescu
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Pérez-Gracia
- Microbiology, Departamento de Farmacia, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Vezzoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Igor Paulino Mendes Soares
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Eugenio Brambilla
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Aline de Almeida Neves
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain.
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Sajini S, Atmeh AR, Banerjee A, Festy F, Cook RJ, Andiappan M, Watson TF. Glass-ionomer and calcium silicate-based cements interactions with human dentine in health and disease: Two-photon fluorescence microscopy and Raman spectroscopy analysis. Dent Mater 2022; 38:1710-1720. [PMID: 36123189 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential mineralising effects of calcium silicate-based dentine replacement material (Biodentine™) in comparison with glass-ionomer cement (GIC) (Fuji IX™) on different human dentine substrates using a multimodal non-invasive optical assessment. METHODS Cements were applied on artificially demineralised or naturally carious dentine and stored for 4 weeks in phosphate-rich media +/- tetracycline used for mineralisation labelling. Interfacial dentine was examined from the same sample and location before and after aging using two-photon fluorescence microscopy, fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) and second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging. Additionally, Raman spectroscopy was used to detect changes in the mineral content of dentine. RESULTS Significant changes in the fluorescence intensity and lifetime were detected in partially demineralised dentine and caries-affected dentine underneath both tested cements, after storage (p < 0.001). This was associated with a significant increase in the mineral content as indicated by the increased intensity of the phosphate Raman peak located at 959 cm-1 (p < 0.0001). Caries-infected dentine showed significant fluorescence changes under Biodentine™ after storage (p < 0.001), but not under GIC (p = 0.44). Tetracycline binding induced a reduction in the fluorescence lifetime with comparable increase in the fluorescence intensity in both cements' groups within the affected dentine (p < 0.001). Significance Two-photon fluorescence microscopy can be used efficiently for non-destructive in-vitro dentine caries characterisation providing a technique for studying the same dentine-cement interface over time and detect changes. Biodentine™ demonstrated comparable remineralising potential to GIC, in addition to inducing remineralisation of caries-infected dentine. This may suggest using Biodentine™ as part of minimally invasive operative dentistry (MID) in caries management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shara Sajini
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amre R Atmeh
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Avijit Banerjee
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Richard J Cook
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Manoharan Andiappan
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy F Watson
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Alamoudi RA, Basudan S, Mahboub M, Baghlaf K. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dental Treatment in Children: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis in Jeddah City. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2022; 14:95-102. [PMID: 35444468 PMCID: PMC9013707 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s353514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Purpose The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has affected individuals worldwide. Considering the nature of dental treatments and direct exposure to saliva, blood, aerosols, or droplets from infected individuals, dentists are at significant risk of COVID-19 infection. Therefore, to decrease aerosol-generating procedures, minimally invasive dentistry (MID) is recommended during this pandemic. The goal of this research was to compare the flow of patients during a pandemic at a single university hospital in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia, and to retrospectively assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric dental treatments including MID. Materials and Methods This study was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of pediatric patient records, dental procedures performed, and minimally invasive techniques using the database of the King Abdul-Aziz University Dental Hospital (R4) system during the period of COVID 19 pandemic compared to the same period in the previous year. Results During the COVID-19 pandemic, pediatric dental patient flow included only 699 patients compared to 1151 patients during the same period in the previous year. The most common pediatric dental procedures performed during the pandemic period were simple restorative treatments, including fissure sealants, followed by dental extractions, and fluoride varnish applications. During the pandemic period, more minimally invasive treatments were performed, including the Hall technique, silver diamine fluoride, resin infiltration, and atraumatic restorative techniques. Conclusion Based on this data, the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on dental patient flow and the type of dental procedures performed on children. Minimally invasive treatments that minimize air generation are recommended; however, to establish the long-term effectiveness of minimally invasive treatments in pediatric dentistry, more follow-up studies with bigger sample sizes are required. More recommendations regarding conservative pediatric dental management after the COVID-19 era are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana A Alamoudi
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mona Mahboub
- General Dentist, Private Sector, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khlood Baghlaf
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Ferreira AC, de Lima Oliveira RF, Amorim AA, Geng-Vivanco R, de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza F. Remineralization of caries-affected dentin and color stability of teeth restored after treatment with silver diamine fluoride and bioactive glass-ceramic. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:4805-4816. [PMID: 35301597 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the microhardness of caries-affected dentin and color stability of teeth restored after treatments with silver diamine fluoride (SDF) associated to potassium iodide (KI) and Biosilicate. MATERIAL AND METHODS Different samples from bovine teeth were obtained. For color readings, 80 cavities (6 mm × 6 mm × 2 mm) were prepared, and for microhardness, teeth were flattened into dentine to obtain 40 samples. All samples were submitted to cariogenic challenge and separated in 4 groups, according to the treatment used: 12% SDF + KI; 38% SDF; Biosilicate and control (no treatment). Cavities were restored with resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC, Vitremer, 3 M ESPE) or composite resin (CR, Z350, 3 M ESPE). After restoration, the samples were submitted to thermo-mechanical cycling (TMC) for 1,200,000 cycles. Color readings (EasyShade, Vita) were performed after restorations, after TMC, and 30 days after TMC. Knoop microhardness was evaluated on the planned samples before and after cariogenic challenge, after treatments, and after 30 days. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) evaluated the dentine surface after treatments. Data were analyzed (ANOVA, Bonferroni, p < .05). RESULTS The results showed a higher color alteration for RMGIC than CR. The time of analysis was significant (p < .05) for the 12% SDF + KI and control group. There was no difference (p < .05) in microhardness between groups. However, there was evidence of dentin remineralization after treatments. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that the samples treated with Biosilicate resulted in a color alteration similar to control. The treatments presented dentin remineralizing potential for microhardness, below the demineralization level, caused by the cariogenic challenge. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Considering the remineralizing potential presented by Biosilicate, this agent is a promising alternative that overcomes the SDF adverse effects such as tooth staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Cavalcanti Ferreira
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Universidade de São Paulo/Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Av do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Franco de Lima Oliveira
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Universidade de São Paulo/Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Av do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Ayodele Alves Amorim
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Universidade de São Paulo/Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Av do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Rocio Geng-Vivanco
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Universidade de São Paulo/Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Av do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Universidade de São Paulo/Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Av do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.
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Agel M, Scambler S, Hosey MT. Parental Views on Minimally Invasive Dentistry versus General Anaesthesia Extractions of Children's Compromised First Permanent Molars: An Exploratory Qualitative Study. Prim Dent J 2022; 10:27-32. [PMID: 35088636 DOI: 10.1177/20501684211066230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current standard of care for first permanent molars (FPMs) requiring extraction is removal of these teeth between the chronological ages of eight to ten years, as per UK guidelines.1 This often involves a general anaesthetic (GA) with surgical admission to hospital. This study explores parental views on minimally invasive (MI) techniques as an alternative to the UK current standard of care for extractions of FPMs deemed to require removal between the chronological ages of eight to ten years. METHODS A qualitative investigation, using semi-structured interviews was conducted with parents/carers of children attending a teaching hospital for extraction of compromised FPMs under GA. Thematic framework analysis was used to present the findings. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) were used as a guide to ensure quality. RESULTS The main themes emerging were: participants' surprise at how poor the prognosis was for their child's FPMs; acceptance that care was beyond the scope of primary care; willingness by some to undergo GA again; requests for information about the guarantee of success of MI treatment; concerns about the residual black staining from silver diamine fluoride (SDF); and acceptance of extraction spaces because of potential future failure of MI. CONCLUSION This exploratory qualitative study has shown that, while extraction of compromised FPMs under GA is accepted by most parents/carers, there appears to be a growing acceptance of MI approaches to restore FPMs instead of extraction of these teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Agel
- Specialty Registrar in Paediatric Dentistry, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Sasha Scambler
- Reader in Medical Sociology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, UK
| | - Marie Therese Hosey
- Head of Paediatric Dentistry, Programme Coordinator MSc Paediatric Dentistry, Centre for Oral Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, UK
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LEAL SC, DAME-TEIXEIRA N, BARBOSA CDB, KOMINAMI PAA, RAPOSO F, NAKAGAWA EMT, BANERJEE A. Minimum intervention oral care: defining the future of caries management. Braz Oral Res 2022; 36:e135. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Rodrigues MDP, Cunha LSD, Vilela ABF, Schettini ACT, Bragança GFD, França R, Soares CJ. Selective carious tissue removal and glass ionomer liner reduction of pulp stress in bulk fill resin composite restorations. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e119. [PMID: 34878074 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of selective or nonselective carious tissue removal and the use of a resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGIC) liner under bulk fill resin composite restoration on the stress at the pulp chamber, the elastic moduli of hard, firm, soft and intact dentin were calculated using nanoindentation. Post-gel shrinkage of the bulk fill resin composite and RMGIC were determined using the strain-gauge method. Six finite element models were created by using digital radiography with the combination of two study factors: a) carious tissue removal: selective removal or nonselective removal of carious tissue, and b) use of RMGIC liner: with or without 1.0 mm of RMGIC liner. The modified von Mises stresses (mvm) (MPa) were extracted on the nodes of the internal wall of the pulp ceiling chamber at 100 N occlusal loading. Data were analyzed descriptively and recorded quantitively. Both study factors influenced the stress distribution. The mvm stress during the restorative procedure was higher for nonselective carious tissue removal without RMGIC (25.9 MPa) and lower for selective carious tissue removal associated with RMGIC (13.5 MPa). The dentin elastic modulus increased from soft carious (3.6 ± 0.3 MPa) to firm carious (5.2 ± 1.0 MPa) to hard carious (10.9 ± 1.2 MPa) to intact dentin (22.7 ± 3.0 MPa). Molars with carious lesions showed high mvm stress at the pulp ceiling (89.6 MPa) and at fragilized coronal structure remaining. Selective carious tissue removal followed by restoration using a Vitrebond liner and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk fill reduced the stress at the pulp chamber ceiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monise de Paula Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, School of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Laryssa Silva da Cunha
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, School of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Andomar Bruno Fernandes Vilela
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, School of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Cecília Teodoro Schettini
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, School of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Felipe de Bragança
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, School of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo França
- University of Manitoba, Faculty of Health Science, College of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Carlos José Soares
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, School of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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Gupta J, Taneja S, Jain A. Effect of dental acid etchant-mediated photodynamic therapy on bacterial reduction and microshear bond strength of composite to dentin - An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2021; 24:214-218. [PMID: 34759593 PMCID: PMC8562824 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_620_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of dental acid etchant (DAE)-mediated photodynamic therapy on bacterial reduction and microshear bond strength of composite to dentin. Materials and Methods: Eighty permanent third molars after sample preparation were exposed to a cariogenic challenge with Streptococcus mutans. After incubation, specimens were randomly divided into four groups (n = 20): Group I – DAE, Group II – low-level laser (LLL), Group III – diode laser + methylene blue (MB + L), and Group IV – diode laser + DAE (DAE + L). Half of the specimens from each group were selected for bacterial reduction assessment and the other half for microshear bond strength. All the samples for assessment of bacterial reduction (before and after intervention) were seeded onto the surface of mitis-salivarius-bacitracin medium. After incubation, the viable bacterial count was determined in colony-forming unit/mL. For microshear bond strength assessment, samples were subjected to various treatment modalities and then bonding and debonding procedure was performed for blocks of composite and values were recorded. Results: Significant reductions in S. mutans were observed in all the groups – Group I (DAE) 68.50%, Group II (LLL) 55.90%, Group III (MB + L) 88.60%, and Group IV (DAE + L) 87% with comparable bacterial reduction between Group III (MB + L) and Group IV (DAE + L). Furthermore, a significant difference in bond strength values was seen in Group III (MB + L) 10.99 MPa and Group IV (DAE + L) 17.99 MPa whereas an insignificant difference was found between Group I (DAE) 20.74 MPa, Group II (LLL) 18.27 MPa, and Group IV (DAE + L). Conclusion: DAE caused a comparable reduction in bacterial count to MB-assisted PDT and also there was no adverse effect on bond strength values. PDT can be performed while acid etchant containing MB dye is being applied in the cavity, thus reducing operative time and enhancing cavity disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Gupta
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, I.T.S.-C.D.S.R, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonali Taneja
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, I.T.S.-C.D.S.R, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anshi Jain
- Department of Oral Pathology, I.T.S.-C.D.S.R, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Slimani A, Sauro S, Gatón Hernández P, Gurgan S, Turkun LS, Miletic I, Banerjee A, Tassery H. Commercially Available Ion-Releasing Dental Materials and Cavitated Carious Lesions: Clinical Treatment Options. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216272. [PMID: 34771800 PMCID: PMC8585007 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The contemporary approach for operative caries management emphasizes personalized interventions for each patient, dependent upon the individual's caries susceptibility/risk, the stage of the carious lesion and its activity. The clinician's challenge is to optimize the extent of cavity preparation and the choice of dental restorative biomaterials, appreciating the benefits offered by ion-releasing restorative materials. There is a growing application of bioactive/bio-interactive materials in minimally invasive operative dentistry, as they may help with tissue recovery by ion release. In case of moderate or extensive occlusal cavitation, the clinical criteria include the individual caries susceptibility and carious lesion activity. In high caries risk cases, ion-releasing biomaterials (IRB) can be used, as well as for active carious lesions. In proximal lesions, the clinical criteria include the individual caries susceptibility, the lesion activity and presence of cavities with little or no enamel at the gingival margin. This article aims to discuss the restorative ion-releasing options, according to different clinical situations, and the caries susceptibility to manage cavitated carious lesions in permanent adult teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Slimani
- LBN/Faculté d’Odontologie, Université de Montpellier, 34193 Montpellier, France;
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119146, Russia
| | | | - Sevil Gurgan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey;
| | | | - Ivana Miletic
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva ul. 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Avijit Banerjee
- Conservative & MI Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK;
| | - Hervé Tassery
- LBN/Faculté d’Odontologie, Université de Montpellier, 34193 Montpellier, France;
- Ecole de Médecine Dentaire de Marseille, Université d’Aix-Marseille, 13385 Marseille, France
- Correspondence:
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Spagnuolo G, Pires PM, Calarco A, Peluso G, Banerjee A, Rengo S, Elias Boneta AR, Sauro S. An in-vitro study investigating the effect of air-abrasion bioactive glasses on dental adhesion, cytotoxicity and odontogenic gene expression. Dent Mater 2021; 37:1734-1750. [PMID: 34561100 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) and interfacial characteristics of universal adhesives applied on dentine air-abraded using different powders. The analysis includes the cytotoxicity of the powders and their effect on odontogenic gene expression. METHODS Sound human dentine specimens were air-abraded using bioglass 45S5 (BAG), polycarboxylated zinc-doped bioglass (SEL), alumina (AL) and submitted to SEM analysis. Resin composite was bonded to air-abraded or smear layer-covered dentine (SML) using an experimental (EXP) or a commercial adhesive (ABU) in etch&rinse (ER) or self-etch (SE) modes. Specimens were stored in artificial saliva (AS) and subjected to MTBS testing after 24 h and 10 months. Interfacial nanoleakage assessment was accomplished using confocal microscopy. The cytotoxicity of the powders was assessed, also the total RNA was extracted and the expression of odontogenic genes was evaluated through RT-PCR. RESULTS After prolonged AS storage, specimens in the control (SML) and AL groups showed a significant drop in MTBS (p > 0.05), with degradation evident within the bonding interface. Specimens in BAG or SEL air-abraded dentine groups showed no significant difference, with resin-dentine interfaces devoid of important degradation. The metabolic activity of pulp stem cells was not affected by the tested powders. SEL and BAG had no effect on the expression of odontoblast differentiation markers. However, AL particles interfered with the expression of the odontogenic markers. SIGNIFICANCE The use of bioactive glass air-abrasion may prevent severe degradation at the resin-dentine interface. Unlike alumina, bioactive glasses do not interfere with the normal metabolic activity of pulp stem cells and their differentiation to odontoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianrico Spagnuolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Paula Maciel Pires
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, CEU Universities, C/Santiago Ramón y Cajal, s/n., Alfara del Patriarca, 46115, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Anna Calarco
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET)-CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, Naples, 80131, Italy.
| | - Gianfranco Peluso
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET)-CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, Naples, 80131, Italy.
| | - Avijit Banerjee
- Research Centre for Oral & Clinical Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Sandro Rengo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Salvatore Sauro
- Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, CEU Universities, C/Santiago Ramón y Cajal, s/n., Alfara del Patriarca, 46115, Valencia, Spain.
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DUMAN C, KALAOĞLU E, ŞİRİNOĞLU ÇAPAN B, EGİL E. Comparison of two aerosol-free caries removal methods - A Split Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial. CUMHURIYET DENTAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.920058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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23
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Kusumasari C, Abdou A, Nakajima M, Tagami J. Deproteinization of caries-affected dentin with chemo-mechanical caries removal agents and its effect on dentin bonding with self-etch adhesives. J Dent 2021; 109:103665. [PMID: 33864887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) of self-etch adhesives (SEA) to normal and caries-affected dentin after smear layer deproteinization with papain enzyme-based and NaOCl-based chemo-mechanical caries removal agents (CRAs) and to compare their efficacy to a 6 % NaOCl solution. METHODS Forty extracted human molars with occlusal carious lesions were randomly divided into four pretreatment groups: no treatment (control), Papacarie for 60 s, Carisolv for 60 s, and 6 % NaOCl for 15 s. After pretreatment, Universal Bond Quick ER (UBQ, one-step, 1-SEA) or Clearfil SE Bond 2 (CSE, two-step, 2-SEA) was applied to the pre-treated surface, and built-up with resin composite (Clearfil AP-X). The μTBS test was performed after 24 h water storage of the specimens at 37 °C, and the modes of failure were determined under SEM. Deproteinizing effects of the tested agents on smear layer-covered dentin was quantified by changes in the amide:phosphate ratio using attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) analysis. RESULTS On caries-affected dentin the μTBS improved significantly after pretreatment with Papacarie, Carisolv, and 6 % NaOCl with both SEAs (p < 0.05). Papacarie pretreatment significantly improved the μTBS of UBQ on normal dentin compared to NaOCl pretreatment (p < 0.05). ATR-FTIR revealed that all agents significantly decreased the amide:phosphate ratio on the smear layer-covered normal and caries-affected dentin (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Smear layer deproteinizing with papain enzyme-based and NaOCl-based gel CRAs was effective in improving the micro-tensile bond strength of self-etch adhesives to caries-affected dentin. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Smear layer deproteinization with Papacarie (a papain enzyme-based gel) or Carisolv (a NaOCl-based gel) can improve the μTBS to normal and caries-affected dentin bonded with 2-step self-etch adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citra Kusumasari
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ahmed Abdou
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Masatoshi Nakajima
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Moro GG, Massat NC, Grandizoli DRP, Junior AE, Degasperi GR, Fontana CE, Pinheiro SL. Effect of cetrimide 2% with and without photodynamic therapy to reduce Streptococcus mutans burden in dentinal carious lesions. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 36:1935-1940. [PMID: 33786671 PMCID: PMC8009689 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03300-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the use of cetrimide alone and combined with photodynamic therapy to reduce S. mutans burden in carious lesions. Sixty permanent third molars were sectioned and the coronal dentin exposed. A cariogenic challenge was performed using brain-heart infusion (BHI) medium supplemented and S. mutans ATCC 25175. Specimens were incubated in anaerobic jars at 37 °C for 15 days, with BHI renewed every 24 h. After 15 days, specimens were randomly divided into six groups (n = 10): C, control (no treatment); CHX, application of chlorhexidine 2%; CT, application of cetrimide 2%; CT+aPDT, application of cetrimide 2% followed by methylene blue dye and aPDT (antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: wavelength 660 nm, energy 4J, power 100 mW, spot size 0.0028 cm2, energy density 142 J/cm2 for 40 s); ES+aPDT, application of experimental solution (methylene blue dye with cetrimide) and aPDT; and aPDT alone. Carious tissue from each specimen was collected before and after the applications. Five decimal dilutions were performed, and the resulting solution was seeded in mitis-salivarius-bacitracin agar. Plates were incubated in anaerobic jars at 37 °C for 48 h. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc Tukey's test was used to compare total S. mutans counts. Significant reductions in S. mutans were observed after application of CT+aPDT (0.30 (0.97), p < 0.0001) and ES+aPDT (0.52 (1.13), p < 0.0001). Cetrimide 2% with methylene blue dye, applied consecutively or as a mixture, can be used as a photosensitizing agent for aPDT to reduce S. mutans burden in dentinal caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Giorgi Moro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC Campinas), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia Cunha Massat
- Center for Life Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, PUC Campinas, Av. John Boyd Dunlop, s/n, Campinas, SP, 13034-685, Brazil
| | - Diana Roberta Pereira Grandizoli
- Center for Life Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, PUC Campinas, Av. John Boyd Dunlop, s/n, Campinas, SP, 13034-685, Brazil
| | - Augusto Etchegaray Junior
- Center for Life Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, PUC Campinas, Av. John Boyd Dunlop, s/n, Campinas, SP, 13034-685, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Eduardo Fontana
- Center for Life Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, PUC Campinas, Av. John Boyd Dunlop, s/n, Campinas, SP, 13034-685, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Luiz Pinheiro
- Center for Life Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, PUC Campinas, Av. John Boyd Dunlop, s/n, Campinas, SP, 13034-685, Brazil.
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Degirmenci BU, Degirmenci A, Kara E. Effects of Various Antioxidant Pretreatment Modalities on Adhesion to Sound and Caries-Affected Dentin: An In Vitro Study. JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ORAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/2320206821997985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Natural antioxidants were offered as the answer of dentin adhesion issue. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of proanthocyanidin and lycopene as pretreatment agents on the sound and caries-affected dentin surface on microtensile bond strength and microleakage. Materials and Methods: This study was designed as in vitro because of that 84 mandibular molar teeth were collected. Forty-two of the included teeth were carious teeth, while the other 42 were without caries. Sixty of them were used for microleakage and 24 for microtensile bond strength testing and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The samples were divided into six subgroups randomly according to dentin pretreatments: 5% proanthocyanidin, 5% lycopene, and no antioxidant application. After the restorative procedures, samples were attached to the microtensile tester. Samples were subjected to tensile stress in the load cell until they broke at a speed of 0.5 mm per min. Microtensile bond strength (µTBS) and microleakage test data were analyzed with two-way analysis of variance, Bonferroni correction, and Tamhane’s T2 tests. Results: Two-way variance analysis showed that dentin pretreatment applications, dentin substrate, and the interaction between these two parameters had statistically significant effects on µTBS values ( P < .001). There was no difference between dentin pretreatment applications in terms of microleakage scores ( P > .05). Conclusion: The application of dentin pretreatment with proanthocyanidin is a successful procedure that increases the bond strength in both dentin substrate, while pretreatment with lycopene in caries-affected dentin reduces it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alperen Degirmenci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Emine Kara
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Bursa Oral and Dental Health Care Center, Turkish Health Ministry, Bursa, Turkey
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Othman NI, Ismail HU, Mohammad N, Ghazali N, Alauddin MS. An Evaluation on Deep Caries Removal Method and Management Performed by Undergraduate Dental Students: A Malaysia Experience. Eur J Dent 2020; 15:281-289. [PMID: 33368068 PMCID: PMC8195624 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the current knowledge and attitude of deep caries removal method among dental students in Malaysia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 303 students (n = 303) responded to the online questionnaire. The first part of questionnaire was to evaluate the demographic data of the respondents and focused on the technique and management approach used for deep caries lesion. The second part investigated the preferred treatment used for deep caries based on the designated clinical case, while the third part assessed the factors that affected the decision on deep caries management. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Independent t-test was used to compare difference between the two groups. RESULTS Seventy four percent of the students have the knowledge of the different methods of caries removal, while 25.8% were only familiar with complete caries removal. The preferred method for deep caries removal in permanent teeth was partial caries removal (53%). For primary dentition, 45.6% of the students prefer to perform pulpotomy as compared with other techniques. There was no significant difference in caries removal method for permanent teeth between undergraduate year of study (p > 0.05), which was partial caries removal at 52.7 and 53.5%, respectively. For primary dentition, the preferred caries removal method was pulpotomy for year 4 (39.8%) and year 5 (52%) students. The popular material to restore deep caries was resin composite (42%) followed by glass ionomer cement (23.3%). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that partial caries removal was the preferred method despite partial understanding on the identification of the clinical indicators of the technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurin Izyani Othman
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hanan Umaira Ismail
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norazlina Mohammad
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norzalina Ghazali
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Contemporary restorative ion-releasing materials: current status, interfacial properties and operative approaches. Br Dent J 2020; 229:450-458. [PMID: 33037365 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-2169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Minimally invasive (MI) concepts in restorative dentistry in the year 2020 request from the practitioner not only a scientifically supported rationale for carious tissue removal/excavation and defect-oriented, biological cavity preparation, but also a deep understanding of how to ensure a biomechanically stable and durable restoration in different clinical situations by applying different restorative options. Bio-interactive materials play an increasingly relevant role, as they not only replace diseased or lost tissue, but also optimise tissue mineral recovery (among other properties) when used in restorative and preventive dentistry. Indeed, this is of certain interest in MI restorative dentistry, especially in those cases where gap formation jeopardises the integrity of the margins along resin composite restorations, causing penetration of bacteria and eventually promoting the formation of secondary caries. Recently, the interest in whether ion-releasing materials may reduce such biofilm penetration into margin gaps and reduce such a risk for development and propagation of secondary caries is growing significantly among clinicians and scientists. The aim of this article was to explore mechanisms involved in the process that allow mineral deposition at the interface between such materials and dentine, and to describe how conventional 'bioactive' restorative materials currently available on the market may benefit treatments in MI dentistry.
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Rodrigues Chibinski AC. Silver diamine fluoride. Br Dent J 2020; 229:328. [DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-2189-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Alturki M, Koller G, Almhöjd U, Banerjee A. Chemo-mechanical characterization of carious dentine using Raman microscopy and Knoop microhardness. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:200404. [PMID: 32537229 PMCID: PMC7277260 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
One of the aims in the clinical operative management of dental carious lesions is to remove selectively the highly infected and structurally denatured dentine tissue, while retaining the deeper, repairable affected and intact, healthy tissues for long-term mechanical strength. The present study examined the correlation of chemical functional groups and the microhardness through the different depths of a carious lesion using Raman spectroscopy and Knoop microhardness testing. The null hypothesis investigated was that there was no correlation between Raman peak ratios (amide I : phosphate ν1 ) and equivalent Knoop microhardness measurements. Ten freshly extracted human permanent teeth with carious dentine lesions were sectioned and examined using high-resolution Raman microscopy. The ratio of absorbency at the amide I and phosphate bands were calculated from 139 scan points through the depth of the lesions and correlated with 139 juxtaposed Knoop microhardness indentations. The results indicated a high correlation (p < 0.01) between the peak ratio and the equivalent Knoop hardness within carious dentine lesions. This study concluded that Raman spectroscopy can be used as a non-invasive analytical technology for in vitro studies to discriminate the hardness of carious dentine layers using the peak ratio as an alternative to the invasive, mechanical Knoop hardness test.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Alturki
- Centre of Oral Clinical Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - G. Koller
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- LCN – London Centre for Nanotechnology, 19 Gordon St, Bloomsbury, London WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - U. Almhöjd
- Centre of Oral Clinical Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 450, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A. Banerjee
- Centre of Oral Clinical Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Verdugo-Paiva F, Zambrano-Achig P, Simancas-Racines D, Viteri-García A. Selective removal compared to complete removal for deep carious lesions. Medwave 2020; 20:e7758. [PMID: 31999678 DOI: 10.5867/medwave.2020.01.7758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental caries have been conventionally managed by non-selective removal of carious tissue (total complete removal); however, the adverse effects of this procedure have promoted the use of conservative caries removal techniques (selective removal), but there is still controversy regarding its effectiveness. METHODS We searched in Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data of primary studies, conducted a meta-analysis and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS We identified seven systematic reviews including seven studies overall, of which all were randomized trials. We concluded that selective caries removal may decrease the need for root canal treatment and the risk of pulp exposure in teeth with deep caries, but the certainty of the evidence is low. It is not clear whether the selective removal of caries reduces the risk of appearance of signs and symptoms of pulp disease and the risk of restorations failure, as the certainty of the evidence is very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Verdugo-Paiva
- Centro Evidencia UC, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Proyecto Epistemonikos, Santiago, Chile. ORCID: 0000-0003-0199-9744
| | - Paula Zambrano-Achig
- Universidad UTE, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación de Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC); Proyecto Epistemonikos, Santiago, Chile. ORCID: 0000-0003-3632-4296
| | - Daniel Simancas-Racines
- Universidad UTE, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación de Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC); Proyecto Epistemonikos, Santiago, Chile. ORCID: 0000-0002-3641-1501
| | - Andrés Viteri-García
- Universidad UTE, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación de Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC); Proyecto Epistemonikos, Santiago, Chile. Address: Centro Evidencia UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 476, Santiago, Chile. . ORCID: 0000-0003-0393-2404
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Valério RA, Galo R, Galafassi D, Corona SAM, Borsatto MC. Four-year clinical prospective follow-up of resin composite restoration after selective caries removal using Er:YAG laser. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:2271-2283. [PMID: 31686235 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03082-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to longitudinally evaluate, after a 4-year period, the clinical longevity of composite resin restoration compared to the baseline, after selective caries removal in permanent molars using Er:YAG laser or bur preparation with biomodification of dentin with the use of chlorhexidine. METHODS Selective caries removal was performed on 80 teeth of 20 individuals who each had at least four active carious lesions. These lesions, located on occlusal surfaces of permanent molar counterparts, were removed using (i) Er:YAG laser biomodified with chlorhexidine, (ii) Er:YAG laser and application of deionized water, (iii) bur preparation biomodified with chlorhexidine, and (iv) bur preparation and application of deionized water. At the end of 4 years, 64 of the 80 restorations were evaluated in 16 individuals (n = 16). The restorations were evaluated, both clinically and photographically, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and pulp vitality analysis. The experimental data were statistically evaluated by kappa, Fisher's, and chi-square tests, with a significance level of 5%. The Kaplan-Meier test and the Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the survival of the restorations. RESULTS After 4 years of follow-up, there was a statistically significant difference in marginal discoloration criteria for all of the groups evaluated. For marginal adaptation criteria, there was a statistically significant difference for the Er:YAG laser group biomodified with chlorhexine (p = 0.050). For clinical and radiographic evaluation of pulp vitality, there were no statistically significant differences among the groups (p = 0.806). CONCLUSION Er:YAG laser can be used for selective caries removal, regardless of dentin biomodification with chlorhexidine or application of deionized water, once it produced promising results in composite resin restorations after 4 years of follow-up, according to the criteria evaluated. The selective caries removal using Er:YAG laser or bur and the biomodification of dentin with the use of chlorhexidine did not influence the survival of composite resin restorations after the 4-year follow-up period. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Composite resin restorations applied after selective caries removal using Er:YAG laser or burs, regardless of dentin biomodification with the use of chlorhexidine or application of deionized water, showed adequate clinical behavior after 4 years of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Alexandre Valério
- Clinical Pediatric Dentistry Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry / São Paulo University, Café Avenue, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Galo
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Vale do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Rodovia MGT 367 - Km 583, n° 5000 Alto da Jacuba, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Daniel Galafassi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Meridional College-IMED, Senador Pinheiro, 304, Cruzeiro, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, 99070-220, Brazil
| | - Silmara Aparecida Milori Corona
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry / São Paulo University, Café Avenue, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Borsatto
- Clinical Pediatric Dentistry Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry / São Paulo University, Café Avenue, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.
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Restorative intervention thresholds and treatment decisions of general dental practitioners in London. Br Dent J 2019; 227:727-732. [DOI: 10.1038/s41415-019-0849-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ertürk Avunduk AT, Bağlar S. Evaluation of microleakage in class v cavities prepared by different caries removal methods. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:1566-1574. [PMID: 31199544 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effects of different caries removal methods on microleakage success of class V adhesive restorations by means of light microscopy (stereomicroscope) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. Sixty-four human teeth with class V caries that measured with DIAGNOdent were used. The samples were divided into four groups (n = 16) randomly according to caries removing methods of conventional method, Carisolv, Papacarie, and Er,Cr:YSGG laser system. The self-etch Clearfıl SE Bond and Clearfıl Majesty Es-II were used as restoration materials. After thermal cycles of 2,000 (5 and 55°C) samples were immersed in a 50% wt/wt AgNO3. Samples were finally imaged and scored under light microscopy and SEM, respectively. The data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis H, pairwise comparison and Wilcoxon's T tests at 5% significance level (p < .05). Statistical analysis demonstrated that there was no significant difference between microleakage scores in dentin regions but there were significant difference between the Papacarie and Er,Cr:YSGGlaser in terms of leakage scores in enamel sites. No statistically significant difference in leakage scores emerged between light microscopy and SEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe T Ertürk Avunduk
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Serdar Bağlar
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
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Fialho MPN, Hass V, Nogueira RP, França FMG, Turssi CP, Basting RT, Amaral FLB. Effect of epigallocatechin-3- gallate solutions on bond durability at the adhesive interface in caries-affected dentin. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 91:398-405. [PMID: 30669058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) reduces the durability of composite resin restorations on caries-affected dentin (CAD). The use of MMP inhibitors such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) could increase the longevity of the bond to dentin. This study aimed to evaluate the use of EGCG at different aqueous concentrations on the resin-dentin microtensile bond strength (μTBS), fracture pattern and nanoleakage (NL) in immediate (IM) time interval and after 12-months of water storage (1Y) when using a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system on CAD. Dentin surfaces of 40 human molars were submitted to a microbiological caries induction protocol and randomized into 5 groups (n = 8) (0.02% EGCG; 0.2% EGCG; 0.5% EGCG; 2% Chlorhexidine [CHX] and no treatment as Control Group - [NT]). After acid etching, the solutions were applied for 60 s followed by application of dental adhesive (Adper Single Bond 2, 3 M ESPE) to CAD surfaces. Subsequently, a resin composite (4 mm) block was built on the dentin. After 24 h, the teeth were sectioned into beam-shaped specimens (cross-sectional area of 1 mm2 and 8-mm high). Half of the specimens were tested in IM and the other half after 1Y. Two samples per tooth were submitted to SEM for NL evaluation. Data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α = 0.05). The results showed that use of EGCG and CHX did not affect μTBS in IM (p > 0.05). After 1Y, there was a reduction in μTBS for all experimental groups (p < 0.05). Adhesive fractures predominated in IM in all groups, except for 0.05% EGCG and NT. After 1Y, there was an increase in these adhesive fractures in all groups. For NL, all agents applied reduced NL in comparison with CT (p < 0.001). CHX showed lower NL (p < 0.001), followed by 0.02% and 0.5% EGCG. NT showed highest NL for both time intervals (p < 0.001). Thus, although the use of EGCG at different concentrations and CHX reduced the NL, they were unable to reduce degradation of μTBS to CAD over time.
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Neves AB, Bergstrom TG, Fonseca-Gonçalves A, dos Santos TMP, Lopes RT, de Almeida Neves A. Mineral density changes in bovine carious dentin after treatment with bioactive dental cements: a comparative micro-CT study. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:1865-1870. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2644-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Mackenzie L, Banerjee A. Minimally invasive direct restorations: a practical guide. Br Dent J 2018; 223:163-171. [PMID: 28798466 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2017.661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The primary objectives of minimum intervention dentistry (MID) are to prevent or arrest active disease using non-operative management techniques. However, patients commonly present with cavitated caries lesions or failed restorations that are in need of operative intervention. Although much of clinical practice is devoted to preventing and managing the effects of caries and subsequent failure of the tooth-restoration complex, the clinical survival of restorations is often poor and becomes significantly worse as they increase in size and complexity. Minimally invasive (MI) restorative techniques present a range of well-documented advantages over more tissue-destructive traditional restorations by minimising unnecessary tooth tissue loss, insult to the dentine-pulp complex and reducing the risk of iatrogenic damage to adjacent hard and soft tissues. They also maximise the strength of the residual tooth structure by use of optimal adhesive restorative materials designed to restore function and aesthetics with durable, long-lasting restorations that are easy for the patient to maintain. In contemporary oral healthcare practice, if patients are to give valid consent for operative interventions, minimally invasive options must be offered, and may be expected to be the first choice of fully informed patients. This paper describes concepts of MID and provides an update of the latest materials, equipment and clinical techniques that are available for the minimally invasive restoration of anterior and posterior teeth with direct restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mackenzie
- Conservative Dentistry, University of Birmingham School of Dentistry, Mill Pool Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B4 6NN
| | - A Banerjee
- Conservative &MI Dentistry, King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's Hospital, King's Health Partners, Floor 26, Tower Wing, Guy's Dental Hospital, London, SE1 9RT
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Carvalho RND, Letieri ADS, Vieira TI, Santos TMPD, Lopes RT, Neves ADA, Pomarico L. Accuracy of visual and image-based ICDAS criteria compared with a micro-CT gold standard for caries detection on occlusal surfaces. Braz Oral Res 2018; 32:e60. [PMID: 29995065 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to check the in vitro accuracy of ICDAS criteria on digital images compared to visual examination for the diagnosis of occlusal caries against a micro-CT gold standard. ICDAS was scored in 40 extracted permanent molars by means of visual inspection and stereomicroscopic images. Visual examinations were performed in duplicate and at a one-week interval by three different calibrated examiners. The analysis of digital images by ICDAS criteria was also performed in duplicate, 1 month after visual examinations. The detection methods were compared by means of sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve, predictive positive and negative values, and accuracy for two different thresholds (1- sound vs. carious teeth; 2- tooth requiring operative vs. non-operative treatment). Sensitivity and accuracy values for threshold 1 in the visual ICDAS and image-based ICDAS methods were high for sensitivity (0.93 and 0.97) and for accuracy (0.83 and 0.85), but low for specificity (0.55 for both methods). Specificity values for threshold 2 were 0.77 and 0.82, while sensitivity was 0.33 and 0.28 for each method. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was 0.53 and 0.43 (p<0.05) for visual and image-based ICDAS compared to the gold standard scores. Both visual and image-based ICDAS scores were similar to each other in terms of diagnostic accuracy when compared to the micro-CT gold standard. Low specificity for the presence of caries and sensitivity for the detection of caries requiring operative treatment were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Nogueira de Carvalho
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Aline Dos Santos Letieri
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thiago Isidro Vieira
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thais Maria Pires Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Laboratory for Nuclear Instrumentation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Tadeu Lopes
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Laboratory for Nuclear Instrumentation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Aline de Almeida Neves
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pomarico
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Banerjee
- BDJ Minimum Intervention Themed Issue and Professor of Cariology &Operative Dentistry, King's College London Dental Institute, King's Health Partners, London, UK
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Baltacıoğlu İH, Demirel G, Kolsuz ME, Orhan K. In-vitro analysis of maxillary first molars morphology using three dimensional Micro-CT imaging: considerations for restorative dentistry. Eur Oral Res 2018; 52:75-81. [PMID: 30775706 DOI: 10.26650/eor.2018.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the differences between the positional relationship of the crown contour and the pulp chamber of left and right maxillary first molars, as well as their morphological characteristics by using micro-CT system with reconstruction from a volumetric rendering software. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 21 extracted maxillary first molars, including 11 left and 10 right teeth, were used. The positional relationship between the crown contour, pulp chamber and morphology of the teeth were investigated three-dimensionally by means of micro-CT imaging. RESULTS Closest distance of mesio-buccal pulp horn to enamel surface in mm was calculated as 2.5±0.20 mm for right and 2.29±0.17 mm for left teeth. This difference was statistically significant (p=0.017). The means of closest distance of disto-buccal pulp horn to enamel surface were also significantly different between left and right teeth (p=0.001). The mean pulp volumes of right side and left side teeth were, respectively, 32.94±3.19 mm3 and 33.71±2.82 mm3 but this difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION These results suggest that right and left maxillary first molars should be treated differently during preparation of cavities. Further studies must be done with larger samples as well as for other molar teeth in different populations to reveal the morphology of the molar for further considerations in restorative dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gülbike Demirel
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Eray Kolsuz
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Orhan
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
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40
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Rayapudi J, Usha C. Knowledge, attitude and skills of dental practitioners of Puducherry on minimally invasive dentistry concepts: A questionnaire survey. J Conserv Dent 2018; 21:257-262. [PMID: 29899626 PMCID: PMC5977772 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_309_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minimally invasive dentistry (MID) encompasses early caries diagnosis through caries risk assessment (CRA), early detection of incipient carious lesion including primary and secondary prevention based on scientific evidence that remineralization of demineralized enamel and dentin is possible if detected early. Although the dental curriculum focuses on the advantages of MID in tooth preservation, this science is not usually translated into practice. AIM This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and skills of dental practitioners of Puducherry regarding the concepts of MID. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Data were collected through an online survey questionnaire based on awareness and practice of MID. Statistical evaluation was done on SPSS by Chi-square test. RESULTS A total of 126 dentists responded of which only 55% were trained in MID during their undergraduate and internship period, mainly through lectures (49.6%). Nearly 81% agreed that CRA should be conducted for all patients. Almost 42.7% had heard about International Caries Detection and Assessment System, but only 25.9% used a blunt explorer for caries detection. About 13.7% use magnification (loupes/microscope), but majority (84.7%) use radiographs. More than 70% were unaware of newer methods of caries detection. Statistically significant differences were found (P < 0.05) regarding qualification and experience about the effectiveness of Atraumatic Restorative Treatment and sandwich technique for treatment of caries in permanent teeth and high caries-risk children. CONCLUSION Although there is knowledge about advantages of MID among dentists of Puducherry, it does not benefit patients, as many practitioners still follow the traditional principles of total caries removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Rayapudi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, SBV University, Puducherry, India
| | - Carounanidy Usha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, SBV University, Puducherry, India
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41
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Baraba A, Kqiku L, Gabrić D, Verzak Ž, Hanscho K, Miletić I. Efficacy of removal of cariogenic bacteria and carious dentin by ablation using different modes of Er:YAG lasers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 51:e6872. [PMID: 29340524 PMCID: PMC5769758 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20176872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The primary objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficiency of removal of cariogenic bacteria and carious dentin by ablation using two lasers: fluorescence-feedback controlled (FFC) Er:YAG laser and different pulses of Er:YAG laser based on variable square pulse technology (VSPt). The secondary objective was to measure the temperature during laser ablation of carious tissue. Seventy-two extracted human molars were used in this study. Sixty teeth with carious dentin were randomly divided into four experimental groups according to the treatment for caries removal: group 1: 400 µs (FFC group); group 2: super short pulse (SSP group, 50 µs pulse); group 3: medium short pulse (MSP group, 100 µs pulse); group 4: short pulse (SP group, 300 µs pulse) and one positive control group with no treatment. Twelve teeth without carious lesion were used as a negative control group. After caries removal, swabs were taken with cotton pellets and real-time PCR analysis was performed. During caries ablation, a thermal infrared camera was used to measure the temperature changes. In all experimental groups, specimens were free of bacterial contamination after the treatment. In the SSP, MSP and SP groups, temperatures measured during caries ablation were significantly higher compared to temperatures in the FFC group (P<0.001). In this in vitro study, laser treatment for removal of carious dentin and cariogenic bacteria was an efficient treatment modality without causing excessive temperatures that might adversely affect pulp vitality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baraba
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - L Kqiku
- University Clinic of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Division of Prosthodontics, Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Implantology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - D Gabrić
- Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ž Verzak
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Hanscho
- University Clinic of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Division of Prosthodontics, Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Implantology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - I Miletić
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Yu OY, Mei ML, Zhao IS, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Effects of Fluoride on Two Chemical Models of Enamel Demineralization. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10111245. [PMID: 29077034 PMCID: PMC5706192 DOI: 10.3390/ma10111245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of fluoride on subsurface enamel demineralization induced by two commonly used chemical models. Forty-eight enamel blocks were demineralized at pH = 5.0 by an acetate buffer (Group 1), a lactate buffer (Group 2), an acetate buffer with 0.02 ppm fluoride (Group 3) and a lactate buffer with 0.02 ppm fluoride (Group 4) at 25 °C for 3 weeks. The surface destruction percentage (SDP), mineral loss and lesion depth of the blocks were studied using micro-computed tomography. An elemental analysis of the enamel surface was evaluated using an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Surface micro-hardness was determined by the Knoop Hardness Test. The mean lesion depth of Groups 1 through 4 were 134.1 ± 27.2 μm, 96.1 ± 16.5 μm, 97.5 ± 22.4 μm and 91.1 ± 16.2 μm, respectively (p < 0.001; group 1 > 2, 3 > 4). The SDPs of groups 1 through 4 were 7.8 ± 8.93%, 0.71 ± 1.6%, 0.36 ± 1.70% and 1.36 ± 2.94% (p < 0.001; group 1 > 2, 3, 4). The fluoride in mean weight percentages of groups 1 through 4 were 1.12 ± 0.24%, 1.10 ± 0.20%, 1.45 ± 0.40% and 1.51 ± 0.51%, respectively (p < 0.001; group 3, 4 > 1, 2). The mean Knoop hardness values of groups 1 through 4 were 27.5 ± 13.3, 39.7 ± 19.3, 73.6 ± 44.2 and 91.0 ± 57.2, respectively (p < 0.001; group 4 > 3 > 2 > 1). The chemical model using an acetate buffer solution created significantly deeper zones of subsurface demineralization on enamel than the lactate buffer solution. An acetate buffer may damage the enamel surface, but the surface damage can be prevented by adding fluoride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ollie Yiru Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - May Lei Mei
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | | | | | - Chun-Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Banerjee A. Minimum Intervention (MI) Oral Healthcare Delivery Implementation - Overcoming the Hurdles. Prim Dent J 2017; 6:28-33. [PMID: 28987150 DOI: 10.1308/205016817821930944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The United Nations Minamata Convention aims to protect human health and the environment from anthropogenic emissions and releases of mercury and mercury compounds. In those 55 countries signed up to it to date (the convention came into force in those countries on 16 August 2017), dental caries management has been thrust indirectly into the limelight once again via the resulting phase down and ultimately, phase out of dental amalgam as a restorative material.20 It is interesting how the dental profession has become fixated on the notion of a post-amalgam world, with significant efforts concentrating on trying to develop the perfect amalgam substitute restorative material to be used to 'treat’ caries. However, on more detailed examination of the treaty, it is abundantly clear that the United Nations and the WHO, at a global level, appreciates the significant concerns over the lack of an appropriate strategy of preventing this most prevalent of non-communicable diseases known to humankind in the modern world.1–4 Ml oral healthcare is very much now on this global agenda, with developing links between dental caries, general social health determinants and other health and social sectors, and will therefore help drive oral health change with implementation strategies at the population and individual level while also developing sustainable workforce development models globally. Even though minimally invasive surgical skills, procedures and materials need to be developed and taught, the principle consideration should be given as to how “all stakeholders can incite preventive behaviour change in all stakeholders.” This is the biggest challenge in delivering better oral health to current and future generations. The quest continues…
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Banerjee A, Frencken JE, Schwendicke F, Innes NPT. Contemporary operative caries management: consensus recommendations on minimally invasive caries removal. Br Dent J 2017; 223:215-222. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2017.672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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45
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Costa AR, Garcia-Godoy F, Correr-Sobrinho L, Naves LZ, Raposo LHA, Carvalho FGD, Sinhoreti MAC, Puppin-Rontani RM. Influence of Different Dentin Substrate (Caries-Affected, Caries-Infected, Sound) on Long-Term μTBS. Braz Dent J 2017; 28:16-23. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201700879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the μTBS in different dentin substrates and water-storage periods. Twenty-four dentin blocks obtained from sound third molars were randomly divided into 3 groups: Sound dentin (Sd), Caries-affected dentin (Ca) and Caries-infected dentin (Ci). Dentin blocks from Ca and Ci groups were subjected to artificial caries development (S. mutans biofilm). The softest carious tissue was removed using spherical drills under visual inspection with Caries Detector solution (Ca group). It was considered as Ci (softer and deeply red stained dentin) and Ca (harder and slightly red stained dentin). The Adper Single Bond 2 adhesive system was applied and Z350 composite blocks were built in all groups. Teeth were stored in deionized water for 24 h at 37 ºC and sectioned into beams (1.0 mm2 section area). The beams from each tooth were randomly divided into three storages periods: 24 h, 6 months or 1 year. Specimens were submitted to µTBS using EZ test machine at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. Failure mode was examined by SEM. Data from µTBS were submitted to split plot two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD tests (a=0.05). The µTBS (MPa) of Sd (41.2) was significantly higher than Ca (32.4) and Ci (27.2), regardless of storage. Ca and Ci after 6 months and 1 year, presented similar µTBS. Mixed and adhesive failures predominated in all groups. The highest µTBS values (48.1±9.1) were found for Sd at 24 h storage. Storage of specimens decreased the µTBS values for all conditions.
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Shahmoradi M, Swain MV. Micro-CT analysis of naturally arrested brown spot enamel lesions. J Dent 2017; 56:105-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Panpisut P, Liaqat S, Zacharaki E, Xia W, Petridis H, Young AM. Dental Composites with Calcium / Strontium Phosphates and Polylysine. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164653. [PMID: 27727330 PMCID: PMC5058497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study developed light cured dental composites with added monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), tristrontium phosphate (TSrP) and antimicrobial polylysine (PLS). The aim was to produce composites that have enhanced water sorption induced expansion, can promote apatite precipitation and release polylysine. Materials and Methods Experimental composite formulations consisted of light activated dimethacrylate monomers combined with 80 wt% powder. The powder phase contained a dental glass with and without PLS (2.5 wt%) and/or reactive phosphate fillers (15 wt% TSrP and 10 wt% MCPM). The commercial composite, Z250, was used as a control. Monomer conversion and calculated polymerization shrinkage were assessed using FTIR. Subsequent mass or volume changes in water versus simulated body fluid (SBF) were quantified using gravimetric studies. These were used, along with Raman and SEM, to assess apatite precipitation on the composite surface. PLS release was determined using UV spectroscopy. Furthermore, biaxial flexural strengths after 24 hours of SBF immersion were obtained. Results Monomer conversion of the composites decreased upon the addition of phosphate fillers (from 76 to 64%) but was always higher than that of Z250 (54%). Phosphate addition increased water sorption induced expansion from 2 to 4% helping to balance the calculated polymerization shrinkage of ~ 3.4%. Phosphate addition promoted apatite precipitation from SBF. Polylysine increased the apatite layer thickness from ~ 10 to 20 μm after 4 weeks. The novel composites showed a burst release of PLS (3.7%) followed by diffusion-controlled release irrespective of phosphate addition. PLS and phosphates decreased strength from 154 MPa on average by 17% and 18%, respectively. All formulations, however, had greater strength than the ISO 4049 requirement of > 80 MPa. Conclusion The addition of MCPM with TSrP promoted hygroscopic expansion, and apatite formation. These properties are expected to help compensate polymerization shrinkage and help remineralize demineralized dentin. Polylysine can be released from the composites at early time. This may kill residual bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyaphong Panpisut
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Saad Liaqat
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Eleni Zacharaki
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Unit of Prosthodontics, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy Xia
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Haralampos Petridis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Unit of Prosthodontics, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Margaret Young
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Ghosh I, Dayal P, Das S. Overtreatment in Caries Management? A Literature Review Perspective and Recommendations for Clinicians. DENTAL UPDATE 2016; 43:419-21, 423-6, 429. [PMID: 27529910 DOI: 10.12968/denu.2016.43.5.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dentistry, like various branches in the healthcare profession, is susceptible to overtreatment, especially in the management of dental caries, due to the adoption of an aggressive restorative approach. This philosophy provides no actual benefits to the patient in terms of arresting the disease process, which initially led to the carious lesions. Yet practitioners routinely continue to initiate restorative treatment procedures without attempting to understand and alter the biologic factors contributing to the caries process. This paper examines the available scientific literature in this regard and makes recommendations to the clinicians of today based on the available evidence. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The paper provides clinicians an approach to avoiding overtreatment by adhering to established clinical guidelines and accepted operative strategies.
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Kitsahawong K, Seminario AL, Pungchanchaikul P, Rattanacharoenthum A, Pitiphat W. Chemomechanical versus drilling methods for caries removal: an in vitro study. Braz Oral Res 2015; 29:1-8. [PMID: 26486767 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR) with that of conventional drilling for efficacy of caries removal, time spent, morphological changes and microhardness of surface dentin, and microleakage of subsequent restorations. Forty-six carious deciduous molars were randomly divided into two groups: one each for caries removal by (1) CMCR and by (2) drilling. The completeness of caries removal was evaluated by visual and tactile criteria and a caries detector device. Twenty teeth in each group were restored with glass ionomer (GI) and subjected to thermocycling before undergoing microleakage and microhardness tests. In each group, three restored teeth were used for polarized light microscopic analysis, and three unrestored teeth for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). There was no significant difference in the completeness of caries removal between groups. However, time spent for caries removal by CMCR was significantly longer than that required for drilling. Restorations in the CMCR group had significantly more microleakage than those in the drilling group. Dentin hardness of the cavity floor after CMCR was also significantly lower. Microscopic analyses showed roughened and irregular dentin surfaces in the CMCR group, unlike the smooth surfaces observed in the drilling group. In conclusion, CMCR was as efficacious as drilling in term of completeness of caries removal, but required longer excavation times and resulted in lower microhardness of residual dentin as well as more microleakage after restorations with GI. Further laboratory and clinical evaluations on the efficiency and performance of CMCR for the durability of subsequent restorations are required.
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Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: A promise candidate for caries lesions treatment. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015; 12:511-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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