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Nuer-Allornuvor GF, Alolga RN, Liang S, Ling Z, Jingjing W, Xu BQ, Jiangli Z, Ennin VK, Zhou Z, Ying X. GC-MS-based untargeted plasma metabolomics identifies a 2-biomarker panel for possible diagnosis of precancerous cervical intraepithelial neoplasia stages from cervical cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17649. [PMID: 39085248 PMCID: PMC11291879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64574-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) remains a major health concern globally, much of the brunt of which is experienced by the low- and middle-income countries where screening in terms of cytology and DNA genotyping for the high-risk oncogenic subtypes of the human papilloma virus (hr-HPV) is either inadequate or performed rather late. In this study, we aimed to determine biomarkers or panels of biomarkers that are capable of diagnosing the precancerous cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) stages from healthy and CC patients via untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Various cross-comparisons were conducted from which differential metabolites were identified. The underlying metabolic pathways based on the differential metabolites identified from the various cross-comparisons mainly related to amino acids biosynthesis and metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis. From all cross-comparisons, two common metabolites namely, 2-methyl-1-propylamine (also known as isobutylamine) and estrone were found to possess excellent to good diagnostic abilities, especially in distinguishing the early stages of CIN (CIN I, CIN II) from healthy women and CC patients. These findings have clinical significance in the sense that, once validated the 2-biomarker panel could be adopted in clinical practice for early diagnosis of CIN and invasive carcinoma. This would therefore inform the choice of treatment to be initiated by the clinician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria F Nuer-Allornuvor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, 071-9967, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Raphael N Alolga
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Shenglian Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - Zhang Ling
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - Wang Jingjing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - Bo-Qun Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - Zheng Jiangli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - Vendish Kweku Ennin
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zuomin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China.
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Liu X, Lin L, Cai Q, Li C, Xu H, Zeng R, Zhang M, Qiu X, Chen S, Zhang X, Huang L, Liang W, He J. Do testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin affect cancer risk? A Mendelian randomization and bioinformatics study. Aging Male 2023; 26:2261524. [PMID: 37936343 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2023.2261524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Using Mendelian Randomization (MR) and large-scale Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) data, this study aimed to investigate the potential causative relationship between testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels and the onset of several cancers, including pathway enrichment analyses of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with cancer allowed for a comprehensive bioinformatics approach, which offered a deeper biological understanding of these relationships. The results indicated that increased testosterone levels in women were associated with a higher risk of breast and cervical cancers but a lower risk of ovarian cancer. Conversely, increased testosterone was linked to lower stomach cancer risk for men, whereas high SHBG levels were related to decreased risks of breast and prostate cancers. The corresponding genes of the identified SNPs, as revealed by pathway enrichment analysis, were involved in significant metabolic and proliferative pathways. These findings emphasize the need for further research into the biological mechanisms behind these associations, paving the way for potential targeted interventions in preventing and treating these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwen Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixuan Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qi Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caichen Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoxiang Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqi Zeng
- Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingtong Zhang
- First Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Qiu
- First Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Chen
- First Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xizhe Zhang
- First Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linchong Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
- The First People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Jianxing He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Mitra S, Lami MS, Ghosh A, Das R, Tallei TE, Fatimawali, Islam F, Dhama K, Begum MY, Aldahish A, Chidambaram K, Emran TB. Hormonal Therapy for Gynecological Cancers: How Far Has Science Progressed toward Clinical Applications? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:759. [PMID: 35159024 PMCID: PMC8833573 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, hormone therapy has been shown to be a remarkable treatment option for cancer. Hormone treatment for gynecological cancers involves the use of medications that reduce the level of hormones or inhibit their biological activity, thereby stopping or slowing cancer growth. Hormone treatment works by preventing hormones from causing cancer cells to multiply. Aromatase inhibitors, anti-estrogens, progestin, estrogen receptor (ER) antagonists, GnRH agonists, and progestogen are effectively used as therapeutics for vulvar cancer, cervical cancer, vaginal cancer, uterine cancer, and ovarian cancer. Hormone replacement therapy has a high success rate. In particular, progestogen and estrogen replacement are associated with a decreased incidence of gynecological cancers in women infected with human papillomavirus (HPV). The activation of estrogen via the transcriptional functionality of ERα may either be promoted or decreased by gene products of HPV. Hormonal treatment is frequently administered to patients with hormone-sensitive recurring or metastatic gynecologic malignancies, although response rates and therapeutic outcomes are inconsistent. Therefore, this review outlines the use of hormonal therapy for gynecological cancers and identifies the current knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (S.M.); (M.S.L.); (A.G.); (R.D.)
| | - Mashia Subha Lami
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (S.M.); (M.S.L.); (A.G.); (R.D.)
| | - Avoy Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (S.M.); (M.S.L.); (A.G.); (R.D.)
| | - Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (S.M.); (M.S.L.); (A.G.); (R.D.)
| | - Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia;
- The University Center of Excellence for Biotechnology and Conservation of Wallacea, Institute for Research and Community Services, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia;
| | - Fatimawali
- The University Center of Excellence for Biotechnology and Conservation of Wallacea, Institute for Research and Community Services, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia;
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health of Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh;
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - M. Yasmin Begum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Afaf Aldahish
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (K.C.)
| | - Kumarappan Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (K.C.)
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
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Oxidative stress markers in patient-derived non-cancerous cervical tissues and cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19044. [PMID: 33149215 PMCID: PMC7642372 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76159-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the causative agents of cervical cancer. However, not all infected women develop cervical cancer. Cervical tumorigenesis is characterized by a multifactorial etiology, with oxidative stress (OS) likely playing a major role. In addition to exogenous sources, metabolic processes also contribute to OS. In principle, variability in levels of cervical OS has the potential to influence the likelihood of conversion to cervical cancer. To ask whether such variability indeed existed, we assessed the levels of ROS and the oxidative DNA damage biomarker 8-oxodG in normal non-cancerous cervical tissues and cells obtained from women with uterovaginal pelvic organ prolapse following vaginal hysterectomy. We demonstrated five and ten-fold variability between tissues isolated from the transformation zone (TZ) and ectocervix (EC) of different women, respectively. Despite the greater variability (likely due to differences in tissue composition), the overall pattern of ROS levels in EC tissues mirrored those obtained in their corresponding TZ tissues. Our results also show that the levels of ROS in TZ tissues were always higher than or equal to those found in the respective EC tissues, providing a possible explanation for TZ tissue being the primary target for HPV infection and cervical carcinogenesis. Interestingly, primary keratinocytes isolated and cultured from these cervical specimens also displayed high variability in ROS levels, with some strongly mirroring the levels of ROS observed in their corresponding tissues, while others were less closely associated. Finally, we demonstrated that the levels of DNA damage mirrored the levels of ROS in the cultured primary cells. Understanding the factors and mechanisms that dispose certain individuals to develop cervical cancer has the potential to enable the development of approaches that make the conversion of HPV infection to cancer development even more rare.
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Ding L, Liu C, Zhou Q, Feng M, Wang J. Association of estradiol and HPV/HPV16 infection with the occurrence of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3548-3554. [PMID: 30867796 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The associations between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection or hormonal exposure and cervical cancer risk are well established. However, to the best of our knowledge, the association between high endogenous estradiol levels in conjunction with HPV/HPV16 infection and the risk of cervical squamous cell carcinoma remains unknown. To investigate this, the current study conducted a matched case-control study in Shanxi Province, China, in which clinical samples were obtained from 74 females with newly diagnosed uterine cervix squamous cell carcinoma and 74 matched healthy females who were selected from 582 healthy females according to age, place of residence, marital status and menopausal status. From all participants, DNA was extracted from cells obtained from a cervical smear and serum was separated from venous blood withdrawn during days 5-8 of the menstrual cycle. HPV/HPV16 DNA and estradiol expression levels in the serum were measured by general polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Significant differences were identified in the positive HPV and HPV16 DNA expression rates between patients and controls, with odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of 3.74 (1.84-7.59) and 4.04 (1.97-8.28), respectively. Expression levels of estradiol in patients were significantly higher compared with the controls (P<0.001), however, this was only identified when the HPV16 E2 or E6 oncogene status was negative. Considering 40 ng/ml as the cut-off estradiol level, 78.38% of patients exhibited high estradiol levels, which was significantly higher than the percentage of controls (P<0.001). An additive interaction pattern was revealed between estradiol expression levels and HPV/HPV16 infection. The results suggest that among the various types of HPV, HPV16 may be most likely to cause uterine cervix squamous cell carcinoma and an abnormally high level of endogenous estradiol may further increase this risk. Therefore, estradiol therapy may represent a new treatment strategy for cases of cervical cancer associated with HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ding
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Chunliang Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Meijuan Feng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Jintao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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Rinaldi S, Plummer M, Biessy C, Castellsagué X, Overvad K, Krüger Kjær S, Tjønneland A, Clavel-Chapelon F, Chabbert-Buffet N, Mesrine S, Lukanova A, Kaaks R, Weikert C, Boeing H, Trichopoulou A, Lagiou P, Trichopoulos D, Palli D, Agnoli C, Tumino R, Vineis P, Panico S, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, van Kranen HJ, Peeters PH, Bakken K, Lund E, Gram IT, Rodríguez L, Bosch FX, Sánchez MJ, Dorronsoro M, Navarro C, Gurrea AB, Kjellberg L, Dillner J, Manjer J, Butt S, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Allen NE, Travis R, Romieu I, Ferrari P, Riboli E, Franceschi S. Endogenous sex steroids and risk of cervical carcinoma: results from the EPIC study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 20:2532-40. [PMID: 21994406 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic data and animal models suggest that, despite the predominant role of human papillomavirus infection, sex steroid hormones are also involved in the etiology of invasive cervical carcinoma (ICC). METHODS Ninety-nine ICC cases, 121 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3) cases and 2 control women matched with each case for center, age, menopausal status and blood collection-related variables, were identified in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Circulating levels of testosterone (T) and estradiol (E(2)); dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS); progesterone (premenopausal women); and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured using immunoassays. Levels of free (f) T and E(2) were calculated from absolute concentrations of T, E(2), and SHBG. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed using regularized conditional logistic regression. RESULTS Among premenopausal women, associations with ICC were observed for fT (OR for highest vs. lowest tertile = 5.16, 95% CI, 1.50-20.1). SHBG level was associated with a significant downward trend in ICC risk. T, E(2), fE(2), and DHEAS showed nonsignificant positive association with ICC. Progesterone was uninfluential. Among postmenopausal women, associations with ICC were found for T (OR = 3.14; 95% CI, 1.21-9.37), whereas E(2) and fT showed nonsignificant positive association. SHBG level was unrelated to ICC risk in postmenopausal women. No associations between any hormone and CIN3 were detected in either pre- or postmenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest for the first time that T and possibly E(2) may be involved in the etiology of ICC. IMPACT The responsiveness of cervical tumors to hormone modulators is worth exploring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Rinaldi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Chung SH, Franceschi S, Lambert PF. Estrogen and ERalpha: culprits in cervical cancer? Trends Endocrinol Metab 2010; 21:504-11. [PMID: 20456973 PMCID: PMC2914219 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2010.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen and its receptors are implicated in the promotion and prevention of various cancers. Although the uterine cervix is highly responsive to estrogen, the role of estrogen in cervical cancer, which is strongly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, is poorly understood. Recent studies in HPV transgenic mouse models provide evidence that estrogen and its nuclear receptor promote cervical cancer in combination with HPV oncogenes. Although epidemiological studies further support this hypothesis, there is little experimental data assessing the hormonal responsiveness of human cervical cancers. If these cancers are dependent on estrogen, then drugs targeting estrogen and its receptors could be effective in treating and/or preventing cervical cancer, the second leading cause of death by cancer among women worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyuk Chung
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Silvia Franceschi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Corresponding author: Dr. Paul F. Lambert, Professor of Oncology, McArdle, Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, 1400 University, Ave, Madison WI 53706, USA,
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Reis Campos LMFD, Luz Dias FD, Antunes LMG, Murta EFC. Prevalence of micronuclei in exfoliated uterine cervical cells from patients with risk factors for cervical cancer. SAO PAULO MED J 2008; 126:323-8. [PMID: 19274319 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-31802008000600006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2007] [Accepted: 11/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Pap smears are the most common and inexpensive screening method for cervical cancer. We analyzed micronucleus prevalence in exfoliated cervical mucosa cells, to investigate associations between increased numbers of micronuclei and risk factors for cervical cancer. DESIGN AND SETTING Analytical cross-sectional study, at Instituto de Pesquisa em Oncologia (IPON). METHODS Exfoliated cervical cells were obtained from 101 patients between September 2004 and November 2005. Patients' ages, habits (passive or active smoking, alcoholism and numbers of sexual partners), age at first sexual intercourse, contraceptive methods used, histories of sexually transmitted diseases, use of hormone replacement therapy, numbers of pregnancies and abortions, inflammatory cytology and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) were obtained. Cells were collected using Ayre spatulas, transferred to vials containing 0.9% saline solution for micronucleus tests and analyzed at 1000x magnification. The number of micronuclei in 1,000 epithelial cells per patient sample was counted. RESULTS Comparisons between groups with active (7.9 +/- 7.8) and passive (7.2 +/- 10.6) smoking versus no smoking (3.7 +/- 5.1); with/without alcoholism (7.8 +/- 1.4 and 6.9 +/- 10.1); with/without inflammatory cytology (10.7 +/- 10.5 and 1.3 +/- 1.7); and with CIN I, II and III and no CIN (respectively 4.3 +/- 4.3, 10.6 +/- 5.3, 22.7 +/- 11.9 and 1.3 +/- 1.4) found elevated micronucleus prevalence (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We concluded that the prevalence of micronuclei in exfoliated uterine cervical cells was greater in patients with one or more risk factors for uterine cervical cancer than in patients without risk factors.
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Oral contraceptives and clinical recurrence of human papillomavirus lesions and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia following treatment. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2007; 100:175-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2007] [Revised: 08/05/2007] [Accepted: 08/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hoyo C, Yarnall KSH, Fortney J. Short birth intervals and uterine cervical cancer risk in Jamaican women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2007; 98:56-7. [PMID: 17490667 PMCID: PMC2074891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2006] [Revised: 04/02/2007] [Accepted: 04/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Hoyo
- Duke University Medical Center, Hanes House, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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Minkoff H, Shen X, Xian LS, Watts DH, Leighty R, Hershow R, Palefsky J, Tuomala R, Neu N, Zorrilla CD, Paul M, Strickler H. Relationship of Pregnancy to Human Papillomavirus Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Women. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 108:953-60. [PMID: 17012459 DOI: 10.1097/01.aog.0000236447.81813.c3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because parity is a reported risk factor for cervical cancer, we sought to estimate the effects of pregnancy on the prevalence, incident detection, and copy number of human papillomavirus (HPV) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women, patients at high risk for cervical cancer. METHODS Human immunodeficiency virus-infected women who had a pregnancy in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (n = 178) and the Women and Infants Transmission Study (n = 450) underwent serial type-specific HPV DNA testing using MY09/MY11 polymerase chain reaction. During pregnancy and during the prepregnancy and postpregnancy periods, we assessed HPV prevalence, incident detection, and HPV copy number (estimated using hybridization signal strength) of both oncogenic and nononcogenic HPV. All binary-regression analyses incorporated generalized estimating equations to address the repeated observations of the same women over time, and were further adjusted for parity, gestational age, smoking, antiretroviral use, number of lifetime sexual partners, and oral contraceptive use. RESULTS The prevalence and copy number of oncogenic and nononcogenic HPV did not significantly differ between pregnancy and either the prepregnancy or postpregnancy periods. Incident HPV detection was significantly lower for both oncogenic and nononcogenic HPV during pregnancy compared with the postpregnancy period (relative risk 0.534, 95% confidence interval 0.390-0.732, P < .001 and relative risk 0.577, 95% confidence interval 0.428-0.779, P < .001, respectively), but not compared with the prepregnancy period CONCLUSION Among HIV-infected women, the incident detection of HPV is lower during pregnancy compared with postpregnancy, while prevalence and copy number do no differ between pregnancy and either prepregnancy or postpregnancy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard Minkoff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maimonides Medical Center and SUNY Downstate, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
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