1
|
de Oliveira IG, Queiroz LY, da Silva CCS, Cartágenes SC, Fernandes LMP, de Souza-Junior FJC, Bittencourt LO, Lima RR, Martins MD, Schmidt TR, Fontes-Junior EA, Maia CDSF. Ethanol binge drinking exposure during adolescence displays long-lasting motor dysfunction related to cerebellar neurostructural damage even after long-term withdrawal in female Wistar rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116316. [PMID: 38394853 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ethanol is one of the psychoactive substances most used by young individuals, usually in an intermittent and episodic manner, also called binge drinking. In the adolescent period, brain structures undergo neuromaturation, which increases the vulnerability to psychotropic substances. Our previous studies have revealed that ethanol binge drinking during adolescence elicits neurobehavioral alterations associated with brain damage. Thus, we explored the persistence of motor function impairment and cerebellum damage in the context of ethanol withdrawal periods (emerging adulthood and adult life) in adolescent female rats. Female Wistar rats (35 days old) received orally 4 cycles of ethanol (3.0 g/kg/day) or distilled water in 3 days on-4 days off paradigm (35th until 58th day of life). Motor behavioral tests (open field, grip strength, beam walking, and rotarod tests) and histological assays (Purkinje's cell density and NeuN-positive cells) were assessed on the 1-, 30-, and 60-days of binge alcohol exposure withdrawal. Our findings demonstrate that the adolescent binge drinking exposure paradigm induced cerebellar cell loss in all stages evaluated, measured through the reduction of Purkinje's cell density and granular layer neurons. The cerebellar tissue alterations were accompanied by behavioral impairments. In the early withdrawal, the reduction of spontaneous movement, incoordination, and unbalance was seen. However, the grip strength reduction was found at long-term withdrawal (60 days of abstinence). The cerebellum morphological changes and the motor alterations persisted until adulthood. These data suggest that binge drinking exposure during adolescence causes motor function impairment associated with cerebellum damage, even following a prolonged withdrawal, in adult life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Gonçalves de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-900, Brazil
| | - Letícia Yoshitome Queiroz
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-900, Brazil
| | - Carla Cristiane Soares da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-900, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Carvalho Cartágenes
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-900, Brazil
| | | | - Fábio José Coelho de Souza-Junior
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-900, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-900, Brazil
| | | | - Tuany Rafaeli Schmidt
- Department of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Enéas Andrade Fontes-Junior
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-900, Brazil
| | - Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz Maia
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rasool AE, Furlong T, Prasad AA. Microglia activity in the human basal ganglia is altered in alcohol use disorder and reversed with remission from alcohol. Addict Biol 2024; 29:e13374. [PMID: 38380734 PMCID: PMC10898843 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is characterized by cycles of abuse, withdrawal, and relapse. Neuroadaptations in the basal ganglia are observed in AUD; specifically in the putamen, globus pallidus (GP), and ventral pallidum (VP). These regions are associated with habit formation, drug-seeking behaviors, and reward processing. While previous studies have shown the crucial role of glial cells in drug seeking, it remains unknown whether glial cells in the basal ganglia are altered in AUD. Glial cells in the putamen, GP, and VP were examined in human post-mortem tissue of AUD and alcohol remission cases. Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze cell count, staining intensity, and morphology of microglia and astrocytes, using markers Iba-1 and GFAP. Morphological analysis revealed a significant decrease in microglia cell size and process retraction, indicating activation or a dystrophic microglia phenotype in individuals with AUD compared to controls. Microglia staining intensity was also higher in the GP and VP in AUD cases, whereas microglia staining intensity and cell size in remission cases were not different to control cases. In contrast, no astrocyte changes were observed in examined brain regions for both AUD and remission cases compared to controls. These results suggest alcohol exposure alters microglia, potentially contributing to dysfunctions in the basal ganglia that maintain addiction, and abstinence from alcohol may reverse microglia changes and associated dysfunctions. Overall, this study further characterizes AUD neuropathology and implicates microglia in the putamen, GP, and VP as a potential target for therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ameer Elena Rasool
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Teri Furlong
- School of MedicineUniversity of New SouthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Asheeta A. Prasad
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- School of PsychologyUniversity of New SouthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Righi FA, Vander Heide RS, Graham RP, Aubry MC, Trejo-Lopez JA, Bois MC, Roden AC, Reichard R, Maleszewski JJ, Alexander MP, Quinton RA, Jenkins SM, Hartley CP, Hagen CE. A case-control autopsy series of liver pathology associated with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Ann Diagn Pathol 2024; 68:152240. [PMID: 37995413 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is most well-known for causing pulmonary injury, a significant proportion of patients experience hepatic dysfunction. The mechanism by which SARS-CoV2 causes liver injury is not fully understood. The goal of this study was to describe the hepatic pathology in a large cohort of deceased patients with COVID-19 as compared to a control group of deceased patients without COVID-19. METHODS Consented autopsy cases at two institutions were searched for documentation of COVID-19 as a contributing cause of death. A group of consecutive consented autopsy cases during the same period, negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection, was used as a control group. The autopsy report and electronic medical records were reviewed for relevant clinicopathologic information. H&E-stained liver sections from both groups were examined for pertinent histologic features. Select cases underwent immunohistochemical staining for CD 68 and ACE2 and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) assay for evaluation of SARS-CoV2 RNA. RESULTS 48 COVID-19 positive patients (median age 73, M:F 3:1) and 40 COVID-19 negative control patients (median age 67.5, M:F 1.4:1) were included in the study. The COVID-19 positive group was significantly older and had a lower rate of alcoholism and malignancy, but there was no difference in other comorbidities. The COVID-19 positive group was more likely to have received steroids (75.6 % vs. 36.1 %, p < 0.001). Hepatic vascular changes were seen in a minority (10.6 %) of COVID-19 positive cases. When all patients were included, there were no significant histopathologic differences between groups, but when patients with chronic alcoholism were excluded, the COVID-19 positive group was significantly more likely to have steatosis (80.9 % vs. 50.0 %, p = 0.004) and lobular inflammation (45.7 % vs. 20.7 %, p = 0.03). Testing for viral RNA by ddPCR identified 2 of the 18 (11.1 %) COVID-19 positive cases to have SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected within the liver FFPE tissue. CONCLUSIONS The most significant findings in the liver of COVID-19 positive patients were mild lobular inflammation and steatosis. The high rate of steroid therapy in this population may be a possible source of steatosis. Hepatic vascular alterations were only identified in a minority of patients and did not appear to play a predominant role in COVID-19 mediated hepatic injury. Low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity in liver tissue in our cohort suggests hepatic injury in the setting of COVID-19 may be secondary in nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola A Righi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Richard S Vander Heide
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Rondell P Graham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Marie Christine Aubry
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Jorge A Trejo-Lopez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Melanie C Bois
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Anja C Roden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Ross Reichard
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Joseph J Maleszewski
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Mariam P Alexander
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Reade A Quinton
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Sarah M Jenkins
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Christopher P Hartley
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Catherine E Hagen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ottino-González J, Cupertino RB, Cao Z, Hahn S, Pancholi D, Albaugh MD, Brumback T, Baker FC, Brown SA, Clark DB, de Zambotti M, Goldston DB, Luna B, Nagel BJ, Nooner KB, Pohl KM, Tapert SF, Thompson WK, Jernigan TL, Conrod P, Mackey S, Garavan H. Brain structural covariance network features are robust markers of early heavy alcohol use. Addiction 2024; 119:113-124. [PMID: 37724052 PMCID: PMC10872365 DOI: 10.1111/add.16330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Recently, we demonstrated that a distinct pattern of structural covariance networks (SCN) from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived measurements of brain cortical thickness characterized young adults with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and predicted current and future problematic drinking in adolescents relative to controls. Here, we establish the robustness and value of SCN for identifying heavy alcohol users in three additional independent studies. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies using data from the Pediatric Imaging, Neurocognition and Genetics (PING) study (n = 400, age range = 14-22 years), the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) (n = 272, age range = 17-22 years) and the Human Connectome Project (HCP) (n = 375, age range = 22-37 years). CASES Cases were defined based on heavy alcohol use patterns or former alcohol use disorder (AUD) diagnoses: 50, 68 and 61 cases were identified. Controls had none or low alcohol use or absence of AUD: 350, 204 and 314 controls were selected. MEASUREMENTS Graph theory metrics of segregation and integration were used to summarize SCN. FINDINGS Mirroring our prior findings, and across the three data sets, cases had a lower clustering coefficient [area under the curve (AUC) = -0.029, P = 0.002], lower modularity (AUC = -0.14, P = 0.004), lower average shortest path length (AUC = -0.078, P = 0.017) and higher global efficiency (AUC = 0.007, P = 0.010). Local efficiency differences were marginal (AUC = -0.017, P = 0.052). That is, cases exhibited lower network segregation and higher integration, suggesting that adjacent nodes (i.e. brain regions) were less similar in thickness whereas spatially distant nodes were more similar. CONCLUSION Structural covariance network (SCN) differences in the brain appear to constitute an early marker of heavy alcohol use in three new data sets and, more generally, demonstrate the utility of SCN-derived metrics to detect brain-related psychopathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Ottino-González
- Division of Endocrinology, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Renata B. Cupertino
- Department of Genetics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Zhipeng Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Sage Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Devarshi Pancholi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Matthew D. Albaugh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Ty Brumback
- Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
| | - Fiona C. Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Sandra A. Brown
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Duncan B. Clark
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - David B. Goldston
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bonnie J. Nagel
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kate B. Nooner
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | - Kilian M. Pohl
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Susan F. Tapert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Wesley K. Thompson
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Terry L. Jernigan
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Scott Mackey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Saushkina AO, Averkin NS. [Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of structures of cerebral cortex structure in young people under conditions of chronic alcohol intoxication]. Sud Med Ekspert 2024; 67:10-13. [PMID: 38353008 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20246701110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study morphological changes of cerebral cortex in young people under the conditions of chronic alcohol intoxication (CAI). MATERIAL AND METHODS Morphometric examination of cerebral cortex fragments obtained from 28 persons who died with a CAI diagnosis (average age was 38 years), and 25 subjects who died from other causes, which are not associated with alcohol consumption (average age was 39 years), was carried out. RESULTS It was shown that neurons of pathological shapes, including hypo- and hyperchromic, pyknotic and «shadow-like», were dominant in group of CAI. There was an increase in the glial index and a greater intensity of perivascular and pericellular edema compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Morphological changes of cerebral cortex under the conditions of CAI are non-specific and largely similar to neurodegenerative alterations in other pathological conditions, senile dementia. Clearer histological criteria for alcoholic encephalopathy are needed, including with the use of immunohistochemical methods.
Collapse
|
6
|
Petit G, Leclercq S, Quoilin C, Poncin M, Starkel P, Maurage P, Rolland B, Dricot L, De Timary P. Links between psychopathological symptoms and cortical thickness in men with severe alcohol use disorder: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging study. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2023; 43:513-520. [PMID: 37013368 PMCID: PMC10739149 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety and depression are psychopathological states frequently co-occurring with severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD). These symptoms generally disappear with abstinence but may persist in some patients, increasing the relapse risk. METHODS The cerebral cortex thickness of 94 male patients with SAUD was correlated with symptoms of depression and anxiety, both measured at the end (2-3 weeks) of the detoxification treatment. Cortical measures were obtained using surface-based morphometry implemented with Freesurfer. RESULTS Depressive symptoms were associated with reduced cortical thickness in the superior temporal gyrus of the right hemisphere. Anxiety level was correlated with lower cortical thickness in the rostral middle frontal region, inferior temporal region, and supramarginal, postcentral, superior temporal, and transverse temporal regions of the left hemisphere, as well as with a large cluster in the middle temporal region of the right hemisphere. CONCLUSIONS At the end of the detoxification stage, the intensity of depressive and anxiety symptoms is inversely associated with the cortical thickness of regions involved in emotions-related processes, and the persistence of the symptoms could be explained by these brain deficits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Petit
- Psychiatric Emergency Unit, Department of Adult PsychiatryCliniques Universitaires Saint LucBrusselsBelgium
- Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Sophie Leclercq
- Laboratory of Nutritional PsychiatryInstitute of Neuroscience, UCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | | | - Marie Poncin
- Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute (IPSY)UCLouvainLouvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
| | - Peter Starkel
- Laboratory of Hepato‐GastroenterologyUCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
- Department of Hepato‐GastroenterologyCliniques Universitaires Saint LucBrusselsBelgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute (IPSY)UCLouvainLouvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
| | - Benjamin Rolland
- CH Le Vinatier, Service Universitaire d'Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL)BronFrance
| | | | - Philippe De Timary
- Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
- Laboratory of Hepato‐GastroenterologyUCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
- Department of Adult PsychiatryCliniques Universitaires Saint LucBrusselsBelgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang YL, Ran C, Xu C, Li W. Clinico-radiologic subtypes and therapeutic observation of acute Marchiafava-Bignami disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18516. [PMID: 37898646 PMCID: PMC10613259 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45431-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the clinico-radiologic features of acute Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) and its evolutionary process after effective treatment through subgroup comparison. The clinical and MRI data of 23 patients with acute MBD were retrospectively analyzed and divided into type A (12 cases, with entire callosal involvement) and type B (11 cases, with focal callosal involvement). The clinical assessments and MRI findings (before and after treatment) were compared between the two subtypes. Compared with type B, type A had lower MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) scores at admission (16.50 ± 1.73 vs 18.27 ± 1.68, P = 0.021) and were more common with extracallosal involvement (66.67% vs 18.18%, P = 0.036) and longer illness duration (18.3 ± 2.1 days vs 15.6 ± 2.4 days, P = 0.012). During the treatment, the residual lesion in the splenium was more common in type A (58.33% vs 9.09%, P = 0.027). After treatment, the MoCa scores of both subtypes gradually increased (P < 0.001), and the callosal and extracallasal lesions disappeared completely. Clinico-radiologic typing of acute MBD is related to the severity of early symptoms, but not to the prognosis. Complete clinico-radiologic recovery is possible for both subtypes with combined treatment. The clinico-radiologic reversibility is helpful for accurate diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Li Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chao Ran
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou, 225100, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou, 225100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Del Bigio MR, Krawitz S, Sinha N. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy-neuropathologic change in a routine neuropathology service: 7-year follow-up. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2023; 82:948-957. [PMID: 37846159 PMCID: PMC10588000 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlad079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
To follow our 2016 study of chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change (CTE-NC) in our forensic autopsy service, we prospectively screened all cases with clinical histories of multiple concussions, persistent post-head injury symptoms, or ≥3 hospital investigations for head injuries from 2016 to 2022 inclusive using hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) immunostaining. The cases had routine brain sampling plus 4-6 additional lateral hemisphere samples. When "pathognomonic" CTE-NC lesions were identified, additional p-tau immunostaining was done for CTE-NC staging. Of ∼1100 adult brains aged 18-65 years examined, 85 were screened, and 16 were positive for CTE-NC (2 women, 14 men, ages 35-61 years, median 47 years). Alcohol abuse was documented in 14 of 16 (8 in combination with other substances); 5 had developmental brain anomalies (2 presumed genetic, 3 from acquired perinatal insults). Widespread p-tau deposits (high CTE-NC) were found in 7 of 16. Old brain contusions were present in 9 of 16, but CTE-NC did not colocalize. Of particular interest were (1) a man with FGFR3 mutation/hypochondroplasia and life-long head banging, (2) a woman with cerebral palsy and life-long head banging, and (3) a man with bilateral peri-Sylvian polymicrogyria, alcohol abuse, and multiple head injuries. Thus, CTE-NC occurs in association with repeated head trauma outside contact sports. Substance abuse is a common determinant of risk behavior. The utility of diagnosing mild-/low-stage CTE-NC in this population remains to be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc R Del Bigio
- Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba & Shared Health Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sherry Krawitz
- Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba & Shared Health Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Namita Sinha
- Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba & Shared Health Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guerin SP, Melbourne JK, Dang HQ, Shaji CA, Nixon K. Astrocyte Reactivity and Neurodegeneration in the Female Rat Brain Following Alcohol Dependence. Neuroscience 2023; 529:183-199. [PMID: 37598836 PMCID: PMC10810177 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that alcohol use disorder (AUD) may manifest itself differently in women compared to men. Women experience AUDs on an accelerated timeline and may have certain regional vulnerabilities. In male rats, neuronal cell death and astrocyte reactivity are noted following induction of alcohol dependence in an animal model of an AUD. However, the regional and temporal patterns of neurodegeneration and astrocyte reactivity have yet to be fully examined in females using this model. Therefore, adult female rats were exposed to a 4-day binge model of alcohol dependence followed by different periods of abstinence. Histological markers for FluoroJade B, a label of degenerating neurons, and vimentin, a marker for reactive astrocytes, were utilized. The expression of these markers in cortical and limbic regions was quantified immediately after their last dose (e.g., T0), or 2, 7, and 14 days later. Significant neuronal cell death was noted in the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus, similar to previous reports in males, but also in several cortical regions not previously observed. Vimentin immunoreactivity was noted in the same regions as previously reported, in addition to three novel regions. Vimentin immunoreactivity also occurred at earlier and later time points in some cortical and hippocampal regions. These data suggest that both neuronal cell death and astrocyte reactivity could be more widespread in females compared to males. Therefore, this study provides a framework for specific regions and time points which should be examined in future studies of alcohol-induced damage that include female rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Guerin
- The University of Texas at Austin, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Jennifer K Melbourne
- The University of Texas at Austin, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Huy Q Dang
- The University of Texas at Austin, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Chinchusha Anasooya Shaji
- The University of Texas at Austin, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Kimberly Nixon
- The University of Texas at Austin, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fernandez A, Graf G, Lasserre A, Daeppen JB, Chu Sin Chung P, Berna C, Suter MR. Somatosensory profiling of patients undergoing alcohol withdrawal: Do neuropathic pain and sensory loss represent a problem? J Peripher Nerv Syst 2023; 28:490-499. [PMID: 37419872 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic heavy alcohol use is known to cause neurological complications such as peripheral neuropathy. Concerning the pathophysiology, few sural nerve and skin biopsy studies showed that small fibers might be selectively vulnerable to degeneration in alcohol-related peripheral neuropathy. Pain has rarely been properly evaluated in this pathology. The present study aims at assessing pain intensity, potential neuropathic characteristics as well as the functionality of both small and large nerve sensitive fibers. METHODS In this observational study, 27 consecutive adult patients, hospitalized for alcohol withdrawal and 13 healthy controls were recruited. All the participants underwent a quantitative sensory testing (QST) according to the standardized protocol of the German Research Network Neuropathic Pain, a neurological examination and filled standardized questionnaires assessing alcohol consumption and dependence as well as pain characteristics and psychological comorbidities. RESULTS Nearly half of the patients (13/27) reported pain. Yet, pain intensity was weak, leading to a low interference with daily life, and its characteristics did not support a neuropathic component. A functional impairment of small nerve fibers was frequently described, with thermal hypoesthesia observed in 52% of patients. Patients with a higher alcohol consumption over the last 2 years showed a greater impairment of small fiber function. DISCUSSION Patients report pain but it is however unlikely to be caused by peripheral neuropathy given the non-length-dependent distribution and the absence of neuropathic pain features. Chronic pain in AUD deserves to be better evaluated and managed as it represents an opportunity to improve long-term clinical outcomes, potentially participating to relapse prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Fernandez
- Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative and Complementary Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guillaume Graf
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurélie Lasserre
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry-Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Bernard Daeppen
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry-Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul Chu Sin Chung
- Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Berna
- Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative and Complementary Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marc R Suter
- Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Crews FT, Coleman LG, Macht VA, Vetreno RP. Targeting Persistent Changes in Neuroimmune and Epigenetic Signaling in Adolescent Drinking to Treat Alcohol Use Disorder in Adulthood. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:380-396. [PMID: 36781218 PMCID: PMC9969522 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies universally find early age of drinking onset is linked to lifelong risks of alcohol problems and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Assessment of the lasting effect of drinking during adolescent development in humans is confounded by the diversity of environmental and genetic factors that affect adolescent development, including emerging personality disorders and progressive increases in drinking trajectories into adulthood. Preclinical studies using an adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure rat model of underage binge drinking avoid the human confounds and support lifelong changes that increase risks. AIE increases adult alcohol drinking, risky decision-making, reward-seeking, and anxiety as well as reductions in executive function that all increase risks for the development of an AUD. AIE causes persistent increases in brain neuroimmune signaling high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), Toll-like receptor, receptor for advanced glycation end products, and innate immune genes that are also found to be increased in human AUD brain. HMGB1 is released from cells by ethanol, both free and within extracellular vesicles, that act on neurons and glia, shifting transcription and cellular phenotype. AIE-induced decreases in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons are reviewed as examples of persistent AIE-induced pathology. Both are prevented and reversed by anti-inflammatory and epigenetic drugs. Findings suggest AIE-increased HMGB1 signaling induces the RE-1 silencing transcript blunting cholinergic gene expression, shifting neuronal phenotype. Inhibition of HMGB1 neuroimmune signaling, histone methylation enzymes, and galantamine, the cholinesterase inhibitor, both prevent and reverse AIE pathology. These findings provide new targets that may reverse AUD neuropathology as well as other brain diseases linked to neuroimmune signaling. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Adolescent underage binge drinking studies find that earlier adolescent drinking is associated with lifelong alcohol problems including high levels of lifetime alcohol use disorder (AUD). Preclinical studies find the underage binge drinking adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) model causes lasting changes in adults that increase risks of developing adult alcohol problems. Loss of hippocampal neurogenesis and loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons provide examples of how AIE-induced epigenetic and neuroimmune signaling provide novel therapeutic targets for adult AUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fulton T Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies and Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Leon G Coleman
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies and Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Victoria A Macht
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies and Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ryan P Vetreno
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies and Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Holloway KN, Pinson MR, Douglas JC, Rafferty TM, Kane CJM, Miranda RC, Drew PD. Cerebellar Transcriptomic Analysis in a Chronic plus Binge Mouse Model of Alcohol Use Disorder Demonstrates Ethanol-Induced Neuroinflammation and Altered Glial Gene Expression. Cells 2023; 12:745. [PMID: 36899881 PMCID: PMC10000476 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is one of the most common preventable mental health disorders and can result in pathology within the CNS, including the cerebellum. Cerebellar alcohol exposure during adulthood has been associated with disruptions in proper cerebellar function. However, the mechanisms regulating ethanol-induced cerebellar neuropathology are not well understood. High-throughput next generation sequencing was performed to compare control versus ethanol-treated adult C57BL/6J mice in a chronic plus binge model of AUD. Mice were euthanized, cerebella were microdissected, and RNA was isolated and submitted for RNA-sequencing. Down-stream transcriptomic analyses revealed significant changes in gene expression and global biological pathways in control versus ethanol-treated mice that included pathogen-influenced signaling pathways and cellular immune response pathways. Microglial-associated genes showed a decrease in homeostasis-associated transcripts and an increase in transcripts associated with chronic neurodegenerative diseases, while astrocyte-associated genes showed an increase in transcripts associated with acute injury. Oligodendrocyte lineage cell genes showed a decrease in transcripts associated with both immature progenitors as well as myelinating oligodendrocytes. These data provide new insight into the mechanisms by which ethanol induces cerebellar neuropathology and alterations to the immune response in AUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalee N. Holloway
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (K.N.H.); (J.C.D.); (T.M.R.); (C.J.M.K.)
| | - Marisa R. Pinson
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (M.R.P.); (R.C.M.)
| | - James C. Douglas
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (K.N.H.); (J.C.D.); (T.M.R.); (C.J.M.K.)
| | - Tonya M. Rafferty
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (K.N.H.); (J.C.D.); (T.M.R.); (C.J.M.K.)
| | - Cynthia J. M. Kane
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (K.N.H.); (J.C.D.); (T.M.R.); (C.J.M.K.)
| | - Rajesh C. Miranda
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (M.R.P.); (R.C.M.)
| | - Paul D. Drew
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (K.N.H.); (J.C.D.); (T.M.R.); (C.J.M.K.)
- Department of Neurology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Basavarajappa BS, Subbanna S. Synaptic Plasticity Abnormalities in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030442. [PMID: 36766783 PMCID: PMC9913617 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain's ability to strengthen or weaken synaptic connections is often termed synaptic plasticity. It has been shown to function in brain remodeling following different types of brain damage (e.g., drugs of abuse, alcohol use disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory conditions). Although synaptic plasticity mechanisms have been extensively studied, how neural plasticity can influence neurobehavioral abnormalities in alcohol use disorders (AUDs) is far from being completely understood. Alcohol use during pregnancy and its harmful effects on the developing offspring are major public health, social, and economic challenges. The significant attribute of prenatal alcohol exposure on offspring is damage to the central nervous system (CNS), causing a range of synaptic structural, functional, and behavioral impairments, collectively called fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Although the synaptic mechanisms in FASD are limited, emerging evidence suggests that FASD pathogenesis involves altering a set of molecules involved in neurotransmission, myelination, and neuroinflammation. These studies identify several immediate and long-lasting changes using many molecular approaches that are essential for synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. Therefore, they can offer potential synaptic targets for the many neurobehavioral abnormalities observed in FASD. In this review, we discuss the substantial research progress in different aspects of synaptic and molecular changes that can shed light on the mechanism of synaptic dysfunction in FASD. Increasing our understanding of the synaptic changes in FASD will significantly advance our knowledge and could provide a basis for finding novel therapeutic targets and innovative treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balapal S. Basavarajappa
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Area, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-845-398-3234
| | - Shivakumar Subbanna
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kwong AJ, Zahr NM. Serum biomarkers of liver fibrosis identify globus pallidus vulnerability. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 37:103333. [PMID: 36868044 PMCID: PMC9996367 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The CNS manifestation of chronic liver disease can include magnetic resonance (MR) signal hyperintensities in basal ganglia structures. Here, relations between liver (serum-derived fibrosis scores) and brain (regional T1-weighted signal intensities and volumes) integrity were evaluated in a sample of 457 individuals including those with alcohol use disorders (AUD), people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), those comorbid for AUD and HIV, and healthy controls. Liver fibrosis was identified from cutoff scores as follows: aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) > 0.7 in 9.4% (n = 43) of the cohort; fibrosis score (FIB4) > 1.5 in 28.0% (n = 128) of the cohort; and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS) > -1.4 in 30.2% (n = 138) of the cohort. Presence of serum-derived liver fibrosis was associated with high signal intensities selective to basal ganglia (i.e., caudate, putamen, and pallidum) structures. High signal intensities in the pallidum, however, explained a significant portion of the variance in APRI (25.0%) and FIB4 (23.6%) cutoff scores. Further, among the regions evaluated, only the globus pallidus showed a correlation between greater signal intensity and smaller volume (r = -0.44, p <.0001). Finally, higher pallidal signal intensity correlated worse ataxia (eyes open ρ = -0.23, p =.0002; eyes closed ρ = -0.21, p =.0005). This study suggests that clinically relevant serum biomarkers of liver fibrosis such as the APRI may identify individuals vulnerable to globus pallidus pathology and contribute to problems with postural balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison J Kwong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Natalie M Zahr
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd. Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lytvynenko M, Kachailo I, Lobashova K, Tregub T, Bocharova T, Gargin V. Cytological transformation of the cervix in immunodeficiency aggravated by alcoholism. Pol Merkur Lekarski 2022; 50:273-276. [PMID: 36283007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Comorbid pathology, high mortality and disability remain an urgent problem for people with the development of an immunodeficiency state, including women of reproductive age. Prognostic triggers could help to improve management of preneoplastic injury of cervical epithelium. AIM The aim of this study was to identify the cytological features of the cervical epithelium in women with immunodeficiency status and alcoholism, depending on the level of CD4-lymphocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study involved cytological analysis of women, who were divided into 3 groups (group consisted of patients with confirmed HIV infection and chronic alcoholism; group consisted of women with chronic alcoholism; comparison group). Determination of CD4 lymphocytes was carried out with gradation of indicators of 500- 350-100 cells per microliter. The relationship between the number of lymphocytes in a smear and changes in epithelial cells was carried out. RESULTS Microscopic examination revealed koilocytosis, binuclear and multinuclear cells, keratinocytes, parakeratosis, cytoplasmic amphiphilia in all women of the two studied groups. In addition, epithelial cells were characterized by large size, displacement of the nucleus to the periphery, uneven staining of the cytoplasm, karyopyknosis, karyorrhexis, karyolysis, and dyskeratosis. The inflammatory type of smear was detected in all women of these groups with the presence of neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, plasmocytes, histiocytes, macrophages and microflora. At the same time, in the comparison group, the inflammatory type of smear was detected only in 36.6%. When studying the relationship between the level of CD4 cells and the degree of damage to the cervical epithelium in the study groups, a strong correlation was established (r=0.824 and r=0.801). CONCLUSIONS With the development of immunodeficiency status, the number of CD4 cells below 100 per mm3 should be considered as an unfavorable prognostic factor for the development of neoplastic transformation of the cervix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Vitaliy Gargin
- Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine; Kharkiv International Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Asai A, Tsuchimoto Y, Ohama H, Nishikawa H, Chopra A, Higuchi K. CD34+CD10+CD19− Cells in Patients with Unhealthy Alcohol Use Stimulate the M2b Monocyte Polarization. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172703. [PMID: 36078108 PMCID: PMC9454773 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
M2b monocytes commonly isolated from patients with unhealthy alcohol use (Alc) have been described as cells that make the host susceptible to opportunistic infections. CD34+CD10+CD19− cells are multilineage progenitors of CD19+ cells, and we show that the effect of these cells from the peripheral blood on M2b monocyte polarization differed between healthy donors and Alc in this study. In healthy donors, these cells consistently differentiated into high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1)-nonproducing cells (CD19+ cells) in response to retinoic acid (RA). However, owing to the lack of expression of RA receptor (RAR), these cells from Alc failed to differentiate into CD19+ cells under the same RA stimulation. Conditioned medium (CM) of these cells from Alc induced the polarization of M2b monocytes, which increases the susceptibility of hosts to opportunistic infections in Alc. When the alcoholic individuals were subjected to 2 weeks of abstinence from alcohol, these cells from Alc recovered their RAR expression and differentiated into CD19+ cells. Moreover, the CM of these cells from Alc after abstinence lost its ability to induce M2b monocyte polarization. These results indicate that these cells from Alc have different properties from those of healthy donors. In Alc, these cells without RAR stimulate M2b monocyte polarization through the production of HMGB1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Asai
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-(726)-83-1221
| | - Yusuke Tsuchimoto
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan
| | - Hideko Ohama
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nishikawa
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan
| | - Ashok Chopra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Kazuhide Higuchi
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gargin V, Volokhova H, Koshelnyk O, Gulbs O, Kachailo I, Lytvynenko M. THE INFLUENCE OF IMMUNODEFICIENCY ON THE LEVEL OF CD34-POSITIVE CELLS IN THE CERVIX. Georgian Med News 2022:40-44. [PMID: 35959875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There are many studies on changes in cervix, however, there are no data about property of cervical tissue to keep potential for regeneration under influence of immunodeficiency, which is very important since it allows escaping severe irreversible changes in tissue. CD34 stem cells are one of significant indicator for property of tissual regeneration. So, the purpose of our study was to identify amount of CD34 stem cells in the cervix under influence of immunodeficiency of infectious and non-infectious origin. Sectional material of reproductive women was studied. All subjects were divided into 3 groups: women who were diagnosed with HIV infection; women who have identified anamnestic and postmortem signs of alcohol abuse; group of comparison. After routine testing and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to CD34, morphometric measure was performed. We evaluate presence activities of stromal cells for detection of connection and relationship between expression of CD34 and the thickness of the cervical epithelium, relative volumes of condyloma, cervical dysplasia severity, degree of infiltration of the mucosal lamina propria by immunocompetent cells. The obtained digital data were statistically processed. Morphological investigation revealed changes of thickness of the cervical stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium up to 714.23±59.21 x 10-6 m in group of HIVinfected women. Relative volumes of condylomas were 44 increased in both investigated groups with presence of pointed, flat and inverted types. Both low- and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were detected more often in investigated goups. Assessment of the degree of infiltration of the mucosal lamina propria by immunocompetent cells was changed unevenly with reducing in HIV-group and increasing in alcohol group. Results of ICH reaction CD34 realized in cytoplasmic staining with membranous accentuation in all cases of control group with strong, but reduced level in investigated groups. Most close connection was observed for cervical dysplasia severity and CD34 expression. HIV infection and alcohol abuse have pronounced pathological effects with cervical changes. The expression of CD34 is present in 96% of women with immunodeficiency mainly with strong reaction. It is statistically likely that it does not depend on such morphological indicators as thickness of the cervical epithelium, relative volumes of condyloma, degree of infiltration of the mucosal lamina propria by immunocompetent cells. The expression of CD34 has statistically close negative connection with cervical dysplasia severity (r=-0,81) and can be used for detection of early potential of tissual transformation in women with immunodeficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Gargin
- 1Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine; 2Kharkiv International Medical University, Ukraine
| | - H Volokhova
- 3Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine
| | - O Koshelnyk
- 3Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine
| | - O Gulbs
- 4Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, Ukraine
| | - I Kachailo
- 1Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kozlova MA, Kirillov YA, Makartseva LA, Chernov I, Areshidze DA. Morphofunctional State and Circadian Rhythms of the Liver under the Influence of Chronic Alcohol Intoxication and Constant Lighting. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313007. [PMID: 34884810 PMCID: PMC8657715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A study of the influence of chronic alcohol intoxication, constant illumination and their combined effects on the morphofunctional state of the rat liver and the circadian rhythms (CR) of the studied parameters of the organism was carried out. It was found that both alcohol and constant illumination caused significant changes in the structure of the liver, as well as in the circadian rhythmicity of micromorphometric parameters of hepatocytes, ALT, and total and direct bilirubin rhythms; however, the combined effects of ethanol and constant illumination had the most significant effect on the studied parameters of the organism. These two factors caused disturbances in the circadian rhythms of the micromorphometric parameters of hepatocytes, disruption of the circadian rhythms of total protein, albumin, AST, ALT, and direct and total bilirubin, as well as disturbances in the expression and rhythmicity of the studied clock genes against a background of the development of an inflammatory process in the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Kozlova
- Laboratory of Cell Pathology, A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117218 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.K.); (Y.A.K.); (L.A.M.)
| | - Yuri A. Kirillov
- Laboratory of Cell Pathology, A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117218 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.K.); (Y.A.K.); (L.A.M.)
| | - Lyudmila A. Makartseva
- Laboratory of Cell Pathology, A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117218 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.K.); (Y.A.K.); (L.A.M.)
| | - Igor Chernov
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Tyumen State Medical University, 625023 Tyumen, Russia;
| | - David A. Areshidze
- Laboratory of Cell Pathology, A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117218 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.K.); (Y.A.K.); (L.A.M.)
- Experimental Tumor Chemotherapy Group, Center for Screening and Preclinical Testing, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Science, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-909-643-37-56
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fedorenko OY, Mikhalitskaya EV, Toshchakova VA, Loonen AJM, Bokhan NA, Ivanova SA. Association of PIP4K2A Polymorphisms with Alcohol Use Disorder. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12101642. [PMID: 34681036 PMCID: PMC8535504 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) not only influences individuals and families but also has a lasting social impact on communities at the national level. Dopaminergic neurotransmission is involved in excessive alcohol consumption. Phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate-4-kinase type 2 α (PIP4K2A) plays an important role in the regulation of ascending dopamine pathways. In this study; we determined possible associations between nine polymorphisms in PIP4K2A and AUD in Russian men. Methods: 279 Russian men with AUD were investigated. The control group consisted of 222 healthy men from the general Russian population. Genotyping of DNA samples for nine polymorphic variants of PIP4K2A was carried out by the Applied Biosystems™ QuantStudio™ 5 Real-Time PCR System with use of the TaqMan1 Validated SNP Genotyping Assay (Applied Biosystems; CIIIA). Results: Carriage of the PIP4K2A rs2230469*TT/T genotype/allele was a relative risk factor for developing AUD in men (p = 0.026 and p = 0.0084 accordingly). Moreover; men with AUD had a higher frequency of PIP4K2A rs746203*T allele (p = 0.023) compared to healthy men. Conclusions: For the first time; we demonstrated different PIP4K2A polymorphisms to be associated with AUD presumably due to dopamine system modulation resulting from regulation of the lateral habenula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Yu. Fedorenko
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (E.V.M.); (V.A.T.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Division for Control and Diagnostics, School of Non-Destructive Testing and Security, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ekaterina V. Mikhalitskaya
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (E.V.M.); (V.A.T.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Valentina A. Toshchakova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (E.V.M.); (V.A.T.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Anton J. M. Loonen
- PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Nikolay A. Bokhan
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (E.V.M.); (V.A.T.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychological Counseling, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana A. Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (E.V.M.); (V.A.T.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Division for Control and Diagnostics, School of Non-Destructive Testing and Security, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kisner MA, Sussman L, Manuweera T, Grodin EN, Fede SJ, Sarlls JE, Momenan R. Evaluating effects of sex and age on white matter microstructural alterations in alcohol use disorder: A diffusion tensor imaging study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:1790-1803. [PMID: 34342014 PMCID: PMC8526396 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in white matter microstructure associated with chronic alcohol use have been demonstrated in previous diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) research. However, there is conflicting evidence as to whether such differences are influenced by an individual's biological sex. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of sex differences in the white matter microstructure of the brains of individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and healthy controls. METHODS One hundred participants with AUD (38 female, aged 21 to 68) participating in the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism's inpatient treatment program and 98 healthy control participants (52 female) underwent a diffusion-weighted scan. Images collected were processed for each subject individually, and voxelwise, tract-based spatial statistics analysis was conducted to test for differences in the DTI measures of fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD). RESULTS A 2-way, between-subjects ANCOVA that tested for differences by group and sex revealed widespread differences between AUD and control subjects, but no interaction between group and sex. Additional analyses exploring demographic and alcohol use variables showed significant impacts of age on white matter microstructure that were more pronounced in individuals with AUD. Plots of FA by age, sex, and group in major white matter tracts suggest a need to explore higher order interactions in larger samples. CONCLUSIONS These results bolster recent findings of similar microstructural properties in men and women with AUD but provide a rationale for the consideration of age when investigating the impacts of chronic alcohol use on the brain's white matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallory A Kisner
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lauren Sussman
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Thushini Manuweera
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Erica N Grodin
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Samantha J Fede
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joelle E Sarlls
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Reza Momenan
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lee J, Ju G, Son JW, Shin CJ, Lee SI, Park H, Kim S. White matter integrity in alcohol-dependent patients with long-term abstinence. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26078. [PMID: 34032740 PMCID: PMC8154411 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on association studies on amounts of alcohol consumed and cortical and subcortical structural shrinkage, we investigated the effect of chronic alcohol consumption on white matter pathways using probabilistic tractography.Twenty-three alcohol-dependent men (with an average sobriety of 13.1 months) from a mental health hospital and 22 age-matched male healthy social drinkers underwent 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Eighteen major white matter pathways were reconstructed using the TRActs Constrained by UnderLying Anatomy tool (provided by the FreeSurfer). The hippocampal volumes were estimated using an automated procedure. The lifetime drinking history interview, Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test, Brief Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test, and pack-years of smoking were also evaluated.Analysis of covariance controlling for age, cigarette smoking, total motion index indicated that there was no definite difference of diffusion parameters between the 2 groups after multiple comparison correction. As hippocampal volume decreased, the fractional anisotropy of the right cingulum-angular bundle decreased. Additionally, the axial diffusivity of right cingulum-angular bundle was positively correlated with the alcohol abstinence period.The results imply resilience of white matter in patients with alcohol dependence. Additional longitudinal studies with multimodal methods and neuropsychological tests may improve our findings of the changes in white matter pathways in patients with alcohol dependence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Gawon Ju
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Son
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Chul-Jin Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Sang Ick Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hyemi Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Siekyeong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
de Corde-Skurska A, Krzascik P, Lesniak A, Sacharczuk M, Nagraba L, Bujalska-Zadrozny M. Disulfiram Abrogates Morphine Tolerance-A Possible Role of µ-Opioid Receptor-Related G-Protein Activation in the Striatum. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4057. [PMID: 33919998 PMCID: PMC8071001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the key strategies for effective pain management involves delaying analgesic tolerance. Early clinical reports indicate an extraordinary effectiveness of off-label disulfiram-an agent designed for alcohol use disorder-in potentiating opioid analgesia and abrogation of tolerance. Our study aimed to determine whether sustained µ-opioid signaling upon disulfiram exposure contributes to these phenomena. Wistar rats were exposed to acute and chronic disulfiram and morphine cotreatment. Nociceptive thresholds were assessed with the mechanical Randal-Selitto and thermal tail-flick tests. µ-opioid receptor activation in brain structures important for pain processing was carried out with the [35S]GTPγS assay. The results suggest that disulfiram (12.5-50 mg/kg i.g.) augmented morphine antinociception and diminished morphine (25 mg/kg, i.g.) tolerance in a supraspinal, opioid-dependent manner. Disulfiram (25 mg/kg, i.g.) induced a transient enhancement of µ-opioid receptor activation in the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex and the dorsal striatum at day 1 of morphine treatment. Disulfiram rescued µ-opioid receptor signaling in the nucleus accumbens and caudate-putamen 14 days following morphine and disulfiram cotreatment. The results of this study suggest that striatal µ-opioid receptors may contribute to the abolition of morphine tolerance following concomitant treatment with disulfiram.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna de Corde-Skurska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.d.C.-S.); (A.L.)
| | - Pawel Krzascik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Lesniak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.d.C.-S.); (A.L.)
| | - Mariusz Sacharczuk
- Department of Experimental Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology in Jastrzebiec, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postepu 36A Str., 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland;
| | - Lukasz Nagraba
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Warsaw, Bursztynowa 2 Str., 04-749 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrozny
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.d.C.-S.); (A.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Silva J, Carry E, Xue C, Zhang J, Liang J, Roberge JY, Davies DL. A Novel Dual Drug Approach That Combines Ivermectin and Dihydromyricetin (DHM) to Reduce Alcohol Drinking and Preference in Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061791. [PMID: 33810134 PMCID: PMC8004700 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) affects over 18 million people in the US. Unfortunately, pharmacotherapies available for AUD have limited clinical success and are under prescribed. Previously, we established that avermectin compounds (ivermectin [IVM] and moxidectin) reduce alcohol (ethanol/EtOH) consumption in mice, but these effects are limited by P-glycoprotein (Pgp/ABCB1) efflux. The current study tested the hypothesis that dihydromyricetin (DHM), a natural product suggested to inhibit Pgp, will enhance IVM potency as measured by changes in EtOH consumption. Using a within-subjects study design and two-bottle choice study, we tested the combination of DHM (10 mg/kg; i.p.) and IVM (0.5–2.5 mg/kg; i.p.) on EtOH intake and preference in male and female C57BL/6J mice. We also conducted molecular modeling studies of DHM with the nucleotide-binding domain of human Pgp that identified key binding residues associated with Pgp inhibition. We found that DHM increased the potency of IVM in reducing EtOH consumption, resulting in significant effects at the 1.0 mg/kg dose. This combination supports our hypothesis that inhibiting Pgp improves the potency of IVM in reducing EtOH consumption. Collectively, we demonstrate the feasibility of this novel combinatorial approach in reducing EtOH consumption and illustrate the utility of DHM in a novel combinatorial approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Silva
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (J.S.); (C.X.); (J.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Eileen Carry
- Molecular Design and Synthesis Group, Rutgers University Biomedical Research Innovation Core, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (E.C.); (J.Y.R.)
| | - Chen Xue
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (J.S.); (C.X.); (J.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (J.S.); (C.X.); (J.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jing Liang
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (J.S.); (C.X.); (J.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jacques Y. Roberge
- Molecular Design and Synthesis Group, Rutgers University Biomedical Research Innovation Core, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (E.C.); (J.Y.R.)
| | - Daryl L. Davies
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (J.S.); (C.X.); (J.Z.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +13-23-442-1427
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Qin L, Zou J, Barnett A, Vetreno RP, Crews FT, Coleman LG. TRAIL Mediates Neuronal Death in AUD: A Link between Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052547. [PMID: 33806288 PMCID: PMC7961445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the cause of progressive neurodegeneration is often unclear, neuronal death can occur through several mechanisms. In conditions such as Alzheimer’s or alcohol use disorder (AUD), Toll-like receptor (TLR) induction is observed with neurodegeneration. However, links between TLR activation and neurodegeneration are lacking. We report a role of apoptotic neuronal death in AUD through TLR7-mediated induction of death receptor signaling. In postmortem human cortex, a two-fold increase in apoptotic terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining in neurons was found in AUD versus controls. This occurred with the increased expression of TLR7 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) death receptors. Binge ethanol treatment in C57BL/6 mice increased TLR7 and induced neuronal apoptosis in cortical regions that was blocked by TLR7 antagonism. Mechanistic studies in primary organotypic brain slice culture (OBSC) found that the inhibition of TLR7 and its endogenous ligand let-7b blocked ethanol-induced neuronal cell death. Both IMQ and ethanol induced the expression of TRAIL and its death receptor. In addition, TRAIL-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies blocked both imiquimod (IMQ) and ethanol induced neuronal death. These findings implicate TRAIL as a mediator of neuronal apoptosis downstream of TLR7 activation. TLR7 and neuronal apoptosis are implicated in other neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, TRAIL may represent a therapeutic target to slow neurodegeneration in multiple diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liya Qin
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Jian Zou
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Alexandra Barnett
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Ryan P. Vetreno
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Fulton T. Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Leon G. Coleman
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-919-966-0501
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Caputi FF, Stopponi S, Rullo L, Palmisano M, Ubaldi M, Candeletti S, Ciccocioppo R, Romualdi P. Dysregulation of Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ and Dynorphin Systems in the Extended Amygdala of Alcohol Preferring Marchigian Sardinian (msP) Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052448. [PMID: 33671048 PMCID: PMC7957504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that genetically selected Marchigian Sardinian alcohol-preferring (msP) rats consume excessive amounts of ethanol to self-medicate from negative moods and to relieve innate hypersensitivity to stress. This phenotype resembling a subset of alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients, appears to be linked to a dysregulation of the equilibrium between stress and antistress mechanisms in the extended amygdala. Here, comparing water and alcohol exposed msP and Wistar rats we evaluate the transcript expression of the anti-stress opioid-like peptide nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) and its receptor NOP as well as of dynorphin (DYN) and its cognate κ-opioid receptor (KOP). In addition, we measured the transcript levels of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), CRF receptor 1 (CRF1R), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and of the tropomyosin receptor kinase B receptor (Trk-B). Results showed an innately up-regulation of the CRFergic system, mediating negative mood and stress responses, as well as an inherent up-regulation of the anti-stress N/OFQ system, both in the amygdala (AMY) and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) of msP rats. The up-regulation of this latter system may reflect an attempt to buffer the negative condition elicited by the hyperactivity of pro-stress mechanisms since results showed that voluntary alcohol consumption dampened N/OFQ. Alcohol exposure also reduced the expression of dynorphin and CRF transmissions in the AMY of msP rats. In the BNST, alcohol intake led to a more complex reorganization of these systems increasing receptor transcripts in msP rats, along with an increase of CRF and a decrease of N/OFQ transcripts, respectively. Moreover, mimicking the effects of alcohol in the AMY we observed that the activation of NOP receptor by intracerebroventricular administration of N/OFQ in msP rats caused an increase of BDNF and a decrease of CRF transcripts. Our study indicates that both stress and anti-stress mechanisms are dysregulated in the extended AMY of msP rats. The voluntary alcohol drinking, as well as NOP agonism, have a significant impact on neuropeptidergic systems arrangement, bringing the systems back to normalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Felicia Caputi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.F.C.); (L.R.); (M.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Serena Stopponi
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (S.S.); (M.U.)
| | - Laura Rullo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.F.C.); (L.R.); (M.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Martina Palmisano
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.F.C.); (L.R.); (M.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Massimo Ubaldi
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (S.S.); (M.U.)
| | - Sanzio Candeletti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.F.C.); (L.R.); (M.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Roberto Ciccocioppo
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (S.S.); (M.U.)
- Correspondence: (R.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Patrizia Romualdi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.F.C.); (L.R.); (M.P.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (R.C.); (P.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Elvig SK, McGinn MA, Smith C, Arends MA, Koob GF, Vendruscolo LF. Tolerance to alcohol: A critical yet understudied factor in alcohol addiction. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2021; 204:173155. [PMID: 33631255 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol tolerance refers to a lower effect of alcohol with repeated exposure. Although alcohol tolerance has been historically included in diagnostic manuals as one of the key criteria for a diagnosis of alcohol use disorder (AUD), understanding its neurobiological mechanisms has been neglected in preclinical studies. In this mini-review, we provide a theoretical framework for alcohol tolerance. We then briefly describe chronic tolerance, followed by a longer discussion of behavioral and neurobiological aspects that underlie rapid tolerance in rodent models. Glutamate/nitric oxide, γ-aminobutyric acid, opioids, serotonin, dopamine, adenosine, cannabinoids, norepinephrine, vasopressin, neuropeptide Y, neurosteroids, and protein kinase C all modulate rapid tolerance. Most studies have evaluated the ability of pharmacological manipulations to block the development of rapid tolerance, but only a few studies have assessed their ability to reverse already established tolerance. Notably, only a few studies analyzed sex differences. Neglected areas of study include the incorporation of a key element of tolerance that involves opponent process-like neuroadaptations. Compared with alcohol drinking models, models of rapid tolerance are relatively shorter in duration and are temporally defined, which make them suitable for combining with a wide range of classic and modern research tools, such as pharmacology, optogenetics, calcium imaging, in vivo electrophysiology, and DREADDs, for in-depth studies of tolerance. We conclude that studies of the neurobiology of alcohol tolerance should be revisited with modern conceptualizations of addiction and modern neurobiological tools. This may contribute to our understanding of AUD and uncover potential targets that can attenuate hazardous alcohol drinking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie K Elvig
- Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Adrienne McGinn
- Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Caroline Smith
- Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - George F Koob
- Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Leandro F Vendruscolo
- Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wei J, Dai Y, Wen W, Li J, Ye LL, Xu S, Duan DD. Blood-brain barrier integrity is the primary target of alcohol abuse. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 337:109400. [PMID: 33516661 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The effects of long-term alcohol consumptions on cognitive function remain elusive with contradictory results. Whilst it is widely accepted that long-term intoxication can cause cognitive impairment, moderate drinking can improve cognitive function. In reality, many older people and those with chronic medical conditions are long-term alcohol consumers in Asian countries. Our previous studies have suggested that long-term alcohol consumption can damage blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and aggravate cognitive deficit in APPswe/PS1De9 mice, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms, especially whether this consumption can cause cognitive decline via aggravating BBB damage in people who are exposed to the risk factors for cognitive disorders such as aging or inflammation. These questions were addressed in this study. The mouse models of cognitive deficit induced by d-galactose or lipopolysaccharide, the important risk conditions in human on cognitive function, were used to evaluate the effects of long-term alcohol consumption on the BBB integrity. After alcohol administration for 30 days in these models the BBB integrity was significantly destroyed with remarkably increased permeability and down-regulated protein expression of zonula occludens-1, VE-cadherin, occludin, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1, receptor for advanced glycation end products, major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein-2a and aquaporin-4, which is the most closely related with the structure and function of BBB integrity. Meanwhile, the level of oxidative stress in d-galactose mice or inflammatory factors in cortex and serum in lipopolysaccharide mice, which might be involved in the cognitive dysfunctions, was significantly amplified. Furthermore, the impaired memory and hippocampal neuron damage induced by d-galactose and lipopolysaccharide were concurrently aggravated. Collectively, our study provided novel and compelling evidence that the structural and functional proteins for BBB integrity may be the primary targets for the detrimental effects of alcohol abuse that lead to cognitive dysfunction and neurological deficits in high risk populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangping Wei
- Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China
| | - Yuan Dai
- Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China; School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China
| | - Wen Wen
- Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China
| | - Jin Li
- Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China; School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China
| | - Lingyu Linda Ye
- Center for Phenomics of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Shijun Xu
- Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, PR China.
| | - Dayue Darrel Duan
- Center for Phenomics of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Peng H, Nixon K. Microglia Phenotypes Following the Induction of Alcohol Dependence in Adolescent Rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:105-116. [PMID: 33164228 PMCID: PMC8296648 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of the innate immune system may play a role in the development of alcohol use disorders (AUDs), which often originate with adolescent alcohol abuse. A key player in the innate immune system is microglia, the activation of which occurs along a spectrum from proinflammatory, or M1-like, to anti-inflammatory, or M2-like, phenotypes. METHODS Adolescent, male rats were gavaged with ethanol (EtOH) or isocaloric control diet every 8 hours for 4 days and then sacrificed at 0, 2, 7, and 14 days later. Microglia were isolated from the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus by Percoll gradient centrifugation, labeled with surface antigens for activation, and analyzed by flow cytometry. Polarization states of microglia, defined as CD11b+ CD45low cells, were determined by the expression of M1 surface markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II, CD32, and CD86, and M2 surface marker, CD206 (mannose receptor). Cytokine gene expression was measured by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Isolated cells were a highly enriched population (>95% pure) of microglia/macrophages according to CD11b immunoreactivity. EtOH rats showed the most dramatic increases in microglia activation markers CD11b and CD45, and M1 (MHC-II) and M2 (CD206) markers at T2, when additional M1 markers CD86 and CD32 were also increased. Surprisingly, proinflammatory gene expression of CCL2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α generally was decreased at all time points in EtOH rats except for IL-6 which was increased at T0 and TNF-α which was not changed at T0 in either region. Simultaneously, BDNF expression was increased at T2 and T7, while IGF1 and TGF-β gene expression was decreased. Arginase was also increased at T0 in hippocampus, but not changed by alcohol otherwise. CONCLUSIONS These data show that microglia phenotype after alcohol dependence is not a simple M1 or M2 classification, though more indicators of an anti-inflammatory phenotype were observed. Determining microglia phenotype is critical for understanding their role in the development of AUDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Peng
- University of Kentucky, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Kimberly Nixon
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Austin, TX USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wiers CE, Cunningham SI, Tomasi DG, Ernst T, Chang L, Shokri-Kojori E, Wang GJ, Volkow ND. Elevated thalamic glutamate levels and reduced water diffusivity in alcohol use disorder: Association with impulsivity. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2020; 305:111185. [PMID: 32957041 PMCID: PMC9347183 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol induces neuroinflammation but its role in cognitive impairment and impulsivity in alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been poorly investigated. We used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure brain glutamate (Glu) levels and diffusion-weighted imaging to measure functional anisotropy (FA) in the thalamus and ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC) in 15 recently detoxified patients with AUD and 14 matched controls. Compared to controls, AUD patients showed higher Glu levels (p = 0.04) and lower FA in the thalamus (p = 0.04) but not in the vACC. In AUD, thalamic Glu levels (r = 0.62, p = 0.019) and FA (r=-0.55, p = 0.034) were associated with severity of drinking (drinks/week). Compared to controls, AUD patients showed higher scores on Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale for impulsivity (p = 0.03), which correlated with glutamate levels in the thalamus (r = 0.58, p = 0.03) and vACC (r = 0.55, p = 0.036). In a second cohort of AUD patients (n = 32), Glu in dorsal ACC (dACC) also correlated with Barrett Impulsiveness Scale total score (r = 0.43, p = 0.014). We interpret the elevated thalamic Glu levels and the parallel reduction in FA in AUD-which correlated with drinking severity-as possible evidence of neurotoxicity from neuroinflammation. The association of Glu with impulsivity suggests that neurotoxic effects of chronic alcohol exposure in the thalamus and dACC may contribute to impulsivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corinde E Wiers
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | | | - Dardo G Tomasi
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Ernst
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. USA
| | - Linda Chang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. USA; Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Gene-Jack Wang
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nora D Volkow
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA; National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Thompson A, Richardson P, Pirmohamed M, Owens L. Alcohol-related brain injury: An unrecognized problem in acute medicine. Alcohol 2020; 88:49-53. [PMID: 32502599 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol-related brain injury (ARBI) is an unrecognized and therefore untreated consequence of alcohol use disorder. Here, we explore a 12-month period prevalence of alcohol-related brain injury (ARBI) in alcohol use disorder patients. Inpatients aged ≥18 years reviewed by the Alcohol Care Team's Specialist Nurses between April 1, 2017 and March 31, 2018 were eligible for the study (n = 1276). Screening identified a high-risk subset of patients who matched at least one of the following: 1) more than three alcohol-related admissions in one year; 2) two alcohol-related admissions in any given 30-day period; 3) patient or their significant other had concerns regarding cognition. The high-risk patients were assessed for evidence of ARBI using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Tool (MoCA). The primary measure of interest was MoCA ≤23. Analysis was conducted between subgroups of the study population to identify prevalence rate ratios for matching the high-risk screening criteria, and MoCA ≤23 in high-risk patients. Two hundred and five patients were identified as high risk for ARBI. The period prevalence rates in this high-risk group for patients with a MoCA ≤23 was 36.1%. Those under the age of 35 years were significantly less likely to match the high-risk criteria. Patients that were homeless or staying in hostels were more likely to match the high-risk criteria and were also at increased risk of MoCA ≤23, compared with those living with family members. In summary, ARBI is common in patients with AUD attending acute hospitals. ARBI is often not diagnosed, and thus further work is required to improve screening for, and identification of, these patients to develop evidence-based clinical pathways that optimize care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Thompson
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - Paul Richardson
- Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital Trust, Ward 5z Link, United Kingdom
| | - Munir Pirmohamed
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn Owens
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital Trust, Ward 5z Link, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cahill CM, Aleyadeh R, Gao J, Wang C, Rogers JT. Alpha-Synuclein in Alcohol Use Disorder, Connections with Parkinson's Disease and Potential Therapeutic Role of 5' Untranslated Region-Directed Small Molecules. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1465. [PMID: 33096655 PMCID: PMC7589448 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) is a 140-amino acid (aa) protein encoded by the Synuclein alpha SNCA gene. It is the synaptic protein associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) and is the most highly expressed protein in the Lewy bodies associated with PD and other alpha synucleopathies, including Lewy body dementia (LBD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Iron deposits are present in the core of Lewy bodies, and there are reports suggesting that divalent metal ions including Cu2+ and Fe2+ enhance the aggregation of α-Syn. Differential expression of α-Syn is associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD), and specific genetic variants contribute to the risk for alcoholism, including alcohol craving. Spliced variants of α-Syn, leading to the expression of several shorter forms which are more prone to aggregation, are associated with both PD and AUD, and common transcript variants may be able to predict at-risk populations for some movement disorders or subtypes of PD, including secondary Parkinsonism. Both PD and AUD are associated with liver and brain iron dyshomeostasis. Research over the past decade has shown that α-Syn has iron import functions with an ability to oxidize the Fe3+ form of iron to Fe2+ to facilitate its entry into cells. Our prior research has identified an iron-responsive element (IRE) in the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) of α-Syn mRNA, and we have used the α-Syn 5'UTR to screen for small molecules that modulate its expression in the H4 neuronal cell line. These screens have led us to identify several interesting small molecules capable of both decreasing and increasing α-Syn expression and that may have the potential, together with the recently described mesenchymal stem cell therapies, to normalize α-Syn expression in different regions of the alcoholic and PD brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M. Cahill
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA;
| | | | - Jin Gao
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao 266011, China;
| | - Changning Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA;
| | - Jack T. Rogers
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Listabarth S, König D, Vyssoki B, Hametner S. Does thiamine protect the brain from iron overload and alcohol-related dementia? Alzheimers Dement 2020; 16:1591-1595. [PMID: 32808749 PMCID: PMC7983902 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol‐related dementia (ARD) is a common and severe co‐morbidity in alcohol use disorder (AUD). We propose brain iron overload (BIO) to be an important and previously neglected pathogenic process, accelerating cognitive decline in AUD. Furthermore, we suggest thiamine, which is frequently depleted in AUD, to be a key modulator in this process: Thiamine deficiency impairs the integrity of the blood‐brain barrier, thereby enabling iron to pass through and accumulate in the brain. This hypothesis is based on findings from animal, translational, and neuroimaging studies, discussed in this article. To validate this hypothesis, translational studies focusing on brain iron homeostasis in AUD, as well as prospective clinical studies investigating prevalence and clinical impact of BIO in AUD, should be conducted. If proven right, this would change the understanding of ARD and may lead to novel therapeutic interventions in prevention and treatment of ARD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Listabarth
- Clinical Division of Social PsychiatryDepartment of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Daniel König
- Clinical Division of Social PsychiatryDepartment of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Benjamin Vyssoki
- Clinical Division of Social PsychiatryDepartment of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Simon Hametner
- Clinical Institute of NeurologyCenter for Brain ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sawyer KS, Adra N, Salz DM, Kemppainen MI, Ruiz SM, Harris GJ, Oscar-Berman M. Hippocampal subfield volumes in abstinent men and women with a history of alcohol use disorder. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236641. [PMID: 32776986 PMCID: PMC7416961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) has been associated with abnormalities in hippocampal volumes, but these relationships have not been fully explored with respect to sub-regional volumes, nor in association with individual characteristics such as age, gender differences, drinking history, and memory. The present study examined the impact of those variables in relation to hippocampal subfield volumes in abstinent men and women with a history of AUD. Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3 Tesla, we obtained brain images from 67 participants with AUD (31 women) and 64 nonalcoholic control (NC) participants (31 women). The average duration of the most recent period of sobriety for AUD participants was 7.1 years. We used Freesurfer 6.0 to segment the hippocampus into 12 regions. These were imputed into statistical models to examine the relationships of brain volume with AUD group, age, gender, memory, and drinking history. Interactions with gender and age were of particular interest. Compared to the NC group, the AUD group had approximately 5% smaller subiculum, CA1, molecular layer, and hippocampal tail regions. Age was negatively associated with volumes for the AUD group in the subiculum and the hippocampal tail, but no significant interactions with gender were identified. The relationships for delayed and immediate memory with hippocampal tail volume differed for AUD and NC groups: Higher scores on tests of immediate and delayed memory were associated with smaller volumes in the AUD group, but larger volumes in the NC group. Length of sobriety was associated with decreasing CA1 volume in women (0.19% per year) and increasing volume size in men (0.38% per year). The course of abstinence on CA1 volume differed for men and women, and the differential relationships of subfield volumes to age and memory could indicate a distinction in the impact of AUD on functions of the hippocampal tail. These findings confirm and extend evidence that AUD, age, gender, memory, and abstinence differentially impact volumes of component parts of the hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kayle S. Sawyer
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Sawyer Scientific, LLC, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Noor Adra
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Daniel M. Salz
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Maaria I. Kemppainen
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Susan M. Ruiz
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Gordon J. Harris
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Marlene Oscar-Berman
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bach P, Koopmann A, Bumb JM, Vollstädt-Klein S, Reinhard I, Rietschel M, Witt SH, Wiedemann K, Kiefer F. Leptin predicts cortical and subcortical gray matter volume recovery in alcohol dependent patients: A longitudinal structural magnetic resonance imaging study. Horm Behav 2020; 124:104749. [PMID: 32387173 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2020.104749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The neuroprotective effects of leptin and its role in addictive disorders has been highlighted by several recent studies. However, its potential effects on morphological alterations in alcohol dependence are yet to be investigated. Associations between leptin and the longitudinal courses of gray matter volume (GMV) and cortical thickness (CT) were investigated in N = 62 alcohol-dependent patients that underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging after a mean abstinence of 12 (baseline) and 27 days (follow-up) respectively. Blood samples were collected at baseline to determine leptin levels. A cohort of N = 74 healthy individuals served as a reference sample. At baseline, alcohol-dependent patients compared to healthy controls displayed smaller GMV in the insula, parts of the superior, middle and inferior frontal gyri and hippocampal regions and thinner CT in the insula, parts of the superior and middle frontal cortices, the lateral orbitofrontal cortex and parts of the occipital and lingual cortices that partially recovered during abstinence (pFWE < 0.05). In alcohol-dependent patients, leptin was a significant predictor of GMV and CT recovery in the areas that showed the strongest whole-brain effects, specifically GMV in the right insula (R2 = 0.070, pFDR = 0.040) and left inferior frontal triangular gyrus (R2 = 0.076, pFDR = 0.040), as well as CT in the left insula (R2 = 0.158, pFDR = 0.004) and right superior frontal cortex (R2 = 0.180, pFDR = 0.004). Present results support the role of leptin in predicting GMV and CT recovery during the first month of abstinence in alcohol-dependent patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Bach
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany; Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Anne Koopmann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany; Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Malte Bumb
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany; Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Vollstädt-Klein
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany; Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Iris Reinhard
- Department of Biostatistics, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Stephanie H Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Klaus Wiedemann
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Hamburg, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany; Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Baburina Y, Odinokova I, Krestinina O. The Effects of PK11195 and Protoporphyrin IX Can Modulate Chronic Alcohol Intoxication in Rat Liver Mitochondria under the Opening of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081774. [PMID: 32722345 PMCID: PMC7463720 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Decades of active research have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction, the associated oxidative stress, impaired anti-stress defense mechanisms, and the activation of the proapoptotic signaling pathways underlie pathological changes in organs and tissues. Pathologies caused by alcohol primarily affect the liver. Alcohol abuse is the cause of many liver diseases, such as steatosis, alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and, potentially, hepatocellular cancer. In this study, the effect of chronic alcohol exposure on rat liver mitochondria was investigated. We observed an ethanol-induced increase in sensitivity to calcium, changes in the level of protein kinase Akt and GSK-3β phosphorylation, an induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), and strong alterations in the expression of mPTP regulators. Moreover, we also showed an enhanced effect of PK11195 and PPIX, on the parameters of the mPTP opening in rat liver mitochondria (RLM) isolated from ethanol-treated rats compared to the RLM from control rats. We suggest that the results of this study could help elucidate the mechanisms of chronic ethanol action on the mitochondria and contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for treating the effects of ethanol-related diseases.
Collapse
|
36
|
Fukushima S, Kuga H, Oribe N, Mutou T, Yuzuriha T, Ozawa H, Ueno T. Behavioural cue reactivity to alcohol-related and non-alcohol-related stimuli among individuals with alcohol use disorder: An fMRI study with a visual task. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229187. [PMID: 32678839 PMCID: PMC7367463 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) have difficulty controlling their alcohol cravings and thus exhibit increased use and early relapse. Although patients tend to respond more strongly to alcohol-related images than to non-alcohol-related images, few researchers have examined the factors that modulate cravings. Here, we examined whole-brain blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) responses to behavioural cues in individuals with AUD and in healthy controls (HCs). The participants included 24 patients with AUD and 15 HCs. We presented visual cues consisting of four beverage-related images (juice, drinking juice, sake, and drinking sake), and the cue reactivity of AUD participants was contrasted with that of HC participants. Multiple comparisons revealed that the AUD group had lower BOLD responses than the HC group in the left precuneus (p = 0.036) and the left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) (p = 0.044) to images of drinking juice and higher BOLD responses than the HC group in the left PCC (p = 0.044) to images of drinking sake. Furthermore, compared to the HCs, the AUD patients had decreased BOLD responses associated with cue reactivity to drinking juice in the left precuneus during the periods from 15 to 18 s (p = 0.004, df = 37) and 18 to 21 s (p = 0.002, df = 37). Our findings suggest that HCs and AUD patients differ in their responses not to images of alcoholic beverages but to images related to alcohol-drinking behaviour. Thus, these patients appear to have different patterns of brain activity. This information may aid clinicians in developing treatments for patients with AUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shou Fukushima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Hizen Psychiatric Medical Center, Saga, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Michinoo Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hironori Kuga
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Hizen Psychiatric Medical Center, Saga, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail: (TU); (HK)
| | - Naoya Oribe
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Hizen Psychiatric Medical Center, Saga, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeo Mutou
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Hizen Psychiatric Medical Center, Saga, Japan
| | - Takefumi Yuzuriha
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Hizen Psychiatric Medical Center, Saga, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ozawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takefumi Ueno
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Hizen Psychiatric Medical Center, Saga, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail: (TU); (HK)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Hibberd R, Golovina E, Farrow S, O'Sullivan JM. Genetic variants associated with alcohol dependence co-ordinate regulation of ADH genes in gastrointestinal and adipose tissues. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9897. [PMID: 32555468 PMCID: PMC7303195 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66048-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
GWAS studies have identified genetic variants associated with Alcohol Dependence (AD), but how they link to genes, their regulation and disease traits, remains largely unexplored. Here we integrated information on the 3D genome organization with expression quantitative loci (eQTLs) analysis, using CoDeS3D, to identify the functional impacts of single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with AD (p < 1 × 10-6). We report that 42% of the 285 significant tissue-specific regulatory interactions we identify were associated with four genes encoding Alcohol Dehydrogenase - ADH1A, ADH1B, ADH1C and ADH4. Identified eQTLs produced a co-ordinated regulatory action between ADH genes, especially between ADH1A and ADH1C within the subcutaneous adipose and gastrointestinal tissues. Five eQTLs were associated with regulatory motif alterations and tissue-specific histone marks consistent with these variants falling in enhancer and promoter regions. By contrast, few regulatory connections were identified in the stomach and liver. This suggests that changes in gene regulation associated with AD are linked to changes in tissues other than the primary sites of alcohol absorption and metabolism. Future work to functionally characterise the putative regulatory regions we have identified and their links to metabolic and regulatory changes in genes will improve our mechanistic understanding of AD disease development and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Hibberd
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Natural Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Evgeniia Golovina
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- A Better Start National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sophie Farrow
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Justin M O'Sullivan
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
- A Better Start National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Smith ML, Lopez MF, Wolen AR, Becker HC, Miles MF. Brain regional gene expression network analysis identifies unique interactions between chronic ethanol exposure and consumption. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233319. [PMID: 32469986 PMCID: PMC7259766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive increases in ethanol consumption is a hallmark of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Persistent changes in brain gene expression are hypothesized to underlie the altered neural signaling producing abusive consumption in AUD. To identify brain regional gene expression networks contributing to progressive ethanol consumption, we performed microarray and scale-free network analysis of expression responses in a C57BL/6J mouse model utilizing chronic intermittent ethanol by vapor chamber (CIE) in combination with limited access oral ethanol consumption. This model has previously been shown to produce long-lasting increased ethanol consumption, particularly when combining oral ethanol access with repeated cycles of intermittent vapor exposure. The interaction of CIE and oral consumption was studied by expression profiling and network analysis in medial prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and central nucleus of the amygdala. Brain region expression networks were analyzed for ethanol-responsive gene expression, correlation with ethanol consumption and functional content using extensive bioinformatics studies. In all brain-regions studied the largest number of changes in gene expression were seen when comparing ethanol naïve mice to those exposed to CIE and drinking. In the prefrontal cortex, however, unique patterns of gene expression were seen compared to other brain-regions. Network analysis identified modules of co-expressed genes in all brain regions. The prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens showed the greatest number of modules with significant correlation to drinking behavior. Across brain-regions, however, many modules with strong correlations to drinking, both baseline intake and amount consumed after CIE, showed functional enrichment for synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maren L. Smith
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Marcelo F. Lopez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Aaron R. Wolen
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Howard C. Becker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- RHJ Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Michael F. Miles
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- VCU Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Brenner E, Tiwari GR, Kapoor M, Liu Y, Brock A, Mayfield RD. Single cell transcriptome profiling of the human alcohol-dependent brain. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:1144-1153. [PMID: 32142123 PMCID: PMC7206851 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholism remains a prevalent health concern throughout the world. Previous studies have identified transcriptomic patterns in the brain associated with alcohol dependence in both humans and animal models. But none of these studies have systematically investigated expression within the unique cell types present in the brain. We utilized single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to examine the transcriptomes of over 16 000 nuclei isolated from the prefrontal cortex of alcoholic and control individuals. Each nucleus was assigned to one of seven major cell types by unsupervised clustering. Cell type enrichment patterns varied greatly among neuroinflammatory-related genes, which are known to play roles in alcohol dependence and neurodegeneration. Differential expression analysis identified cell type-specific genes with altered expression in alcoholics. The largest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including both protein-coding and non-coding, were detected in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia. To our knowledge, this is the first single cell transcriptome analysis of alcohol-associated gene expression in any species and the first such analysis in humans for any addictive substance. These findings greatly advance the understanding of transcriptomic changes in the brain of alcohol-dependent individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Brenner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Gayatri R Tiwari
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Manav Kapoor
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Amy Brock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - R Dayne Mayfield
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
In this paper we suggest a new Bayesian approach to network meta-analysis for the case of discrete multiple outcomes. The joint distribution of the discrete outcomes is modeled through a Gaussian copula with binomial marginals. The remaining elements of the hierarchial random effects model are specified in a standard way, with the logit of the success probabilities given by the sum of a baseline log-odds and random effects comparing the log-odds of each treatment against the reference and having a Gaussian distribution centered at the vector of pooled effects. An adaptive Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm is devised for running posterior inference. The model is applied to two datasets from Cochrane reviews, already analysed in two papers so to assess and compare its performance. We implemented the model in a freely available R package called netcopula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Graziani
- Department of Social and Political Sciences, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy
- Dondena Centre for Research on Social Dynamics and Public Policy, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy
- Bocconi Institute for Data Science and Analytics, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Sergio Venturini
- Dipartimento di Management, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
- Centre for Research on Health and Social Care Management (CeRGAS), SDA Bocconi School of Management, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Grochowski C, Szukała M, Litak J, Budny A, Proch J, Majerek D, Blicharska E, Niedzielski P. Correlations Between Trace Elements in Selected Locations of the Human Brain in Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020359. [PMID: 31952277 PMCID: PMC7024425 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Trace element distribution varies in different locations of the human brain. Several elements were found to cause various negative effects, such as neurodegeneration. In this paper, we analyzed the interactions between seven trace elements: zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), manganese (Mg), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co) in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and individuals without (control group). Brain tissue samples from 31 individuals with AUD and 31 control subjects were harvested. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry was used for trace element determination. In the control group, there were several positive correlations between Cr, Cu, Fe and Mn. In the AUD group, positive correlations between Co and Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn were found. The majority of correlations between Zn and other elements are positive. In the studied group, Mn had strong positive correlations with Co, Cr, Cu and Fe. The strongest positive correlation found between average element concentration was between Cu and Cr. The knowledge of kinetics and metabolism of trace elements as well as the impact of alcohol on these processes is essential for understanding the pathological processes and functioning of human brain tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cezary Grochowski
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Magdalena Szukała
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Jakub Litak
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Budny
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Jędrzej Proch
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 89B Umultowska Street, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (J.P.); (P.N.)
| | - Dariusz Majerek
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38D, 20-618 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Eliza Blicharska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Niedzielski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 89B Umultowska Street, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (J.P.); (P.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
De Nobrega AK, Luz KV, Lyons KN, Lyons LC. Investigating Alcohol Behavior and Physiology Using Drosophila melanogaster. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2138:135-158. [PMID: 32219744 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0471-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster, the fruit fly, is one of the most versatile models for biomedical studies due to the economical husbandry, rapid generation time, and the array of tools for spatial and temporal gene manipulation. The relatively short lifespan of Drosophila (60-80 days) and the high degree of molecular conservation across species make Drosophila ideal to study the complexities of aging. Alcohol is the most abused drug worldwide and alcohol use disorders represent a significant public health problem and economic burden to individuals and society. Stereotypical alcohol-induced behaviors and the underlying molecular mechanisms are conserved from flies to humans making Drosophila a practical model for investigating the development of alcohol-induced behaviors and alcohol pathologies. Here, we outline how to assemble an efficient and controlled alcohol vapor delivery system, the FlyBar, and review paradigms and protocols for the assessment of alcohol-induced behaviors and physiology in Drosophila including the loss-of-righting reflex, sedation, tolerance, alcohol metabolism, and gut permeability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aliza K De Nobrega
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Kristine V Luz
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Katherine N Lyons
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Lisa C Lyons
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Crespi C, Galandra C, Canessa N, Manera M, Poggi P, Basso G. Microstructural damage of white-matter tracts connecting large-scale networks is related to impaired executive profile in alcohol use disorder. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 25:102141. [PMID: 31927501 PMCID: PMC6953958 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD) is associated with negative consequences on global functioning, likely reflecting chronic changes in brain morphology and connectivity. Previous attempts to characterize cognitive impairment in AUD addressed patients' performance in single domains, without considering their cognitive profile as a whole. While altered cognitive performance likely reflects abnormal white-matter microstructural properties, to date no study has directly addressed the relationship between a proxy of patients' cognitive profile and microstructural damage. To fill this gap we aimed to characterize the microstructural damage pattern, and its relationship with cognitive profile, in treatment-seeking AUD patients. Twenty-two AUD patients and 18 healthy controls underwent a multimodal MRI protocol including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), alongside a comprehensive neurocognitive assessment. We used a principal component analysis (PCA) to identify superordinate components maximally explaining variability in cognitive performance, and whole-brain voxelwise analyses to unveil the neural correlates of AUD patients' cognitive impairment in terms of different white-matter microstructural features, i.e. fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD). PCA revealed a basic executive component, significantly impaired in AUD patients, associated with tasks tapping visuo-motor processing speed, attention and working-memory. Within a widespread pattern of white-matter damage in patients, we found diverse types of relationship linking WM microstructure and executive performance: (i) in the whole sample, we observed a linear relationship involving MD/RD metrics within both 'superficial' white-matter systems mediating connectivity within large-scale brain networks, and deeper systems modulating their reciprocal connections; (ii) in AUD patients vs. controls, a performance-by-group interaction highlighted a MD/AD pattern involving two frontal white-matter systems, including the genu of corpus callosum and cingulum bundle, mediating structural connectivity among central executive, salience and default mode networks. Alterations of prefrontal white-matter pathways are suggestive of abnormal structural connectivity in AUD, whereby a defective interplay among large-scale networks underpins patients' executive dysfunction. These findings highlight different directions for future basic and translational research aiming to tailor novel rehabilitation strategies and assess their functional outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Crespi
- Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS Pavia, Piazza della Vittoria 15 27100, Pavia, Italy; Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, IRCCS ICS Maugeri, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Caterina Galandra
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, IRCCS ICS Maugeri, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicola Canessa
- Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS Pavia, Piazza della Vittoria 15 27100, Pavia, Italy; Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, IRCCS ICS Maugeri, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marina Manera
- Psychology Unit, IRCCS ICS Maugeri, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Poggi
- Radiology Unit, IRCCS ICS Maugeri, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Oshri A, Gray JC, Owens MM, Liu S, Duprey EB, Sweet LH, MacKillop J. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Amygdalar Reduction: High-Resolution Segmentation Reveals Associations With Subnuclei and Psychiatric Outcomes. Child Maltreat 2019; 24:400-410. [PMID: 31030539 PMCID: PMC6813855 DOI: 10.1177/1077559519839491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was 2-fold: (1) to utilize improved amygdala segmentation and exploratory factor analysis to characterize the latent volumetric structure among amygdala nuclei and (2) to assess the effect of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on amygdalar morphometry and current psychiatric symptoms. To investigate these aims, structural (T1) MRI and self-report data were obtained from 119 emerging adults. Regression analysis showed that higher ACE scores were related to reduced volume of the right, but not the left, amygdalar segments. Further, exploratory factor analysis yielded a two-factor structure, basolateral and central-medial nuclei of the right amygdala. Stractual equation modeling analyses revealed that higher ACE scores were significantly related to a reduced volume of the right basolateral and central-medial segments. Furthermore, reduction in the right basolateral amygdala was associated with increased anxiety, depressive symptoms, and alcohol use. This association supports an indirect effect between early adversity and psychiatric problems via reduced right basolateral amygdalar volume. The high-resolution segmentation results reveal a latent structure among amygdalar nuclei, which is consistent with prior work conducted in nonhuman mammals. These findings extend previous reports linking early adversity, right amygdala volume, and psychopathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Oshri
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, The Youth Development Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Joshua C Gray
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Max M Owens
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Sihong Liu
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, The Youth Development Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Erinn Bernstein Duprey
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, The Youth Development Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Lawrence H Sweet
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Slovinsky WS, Romero F, Sales D, Shaghaghi H, Summer R. The involvement of GM-CSF deficiencies in parallel pathways of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and the alcoholic lung. Alcohol 2019; 80:73-79. [PMID: 31229291 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chronic alcohol consumption renders the lung more susceptible to infections by disrupting essential alveolar macrophage functions. Emerging evidence suggests that these functional deficits are due, in part, to a suppression of GM-CSF signaling, which is believed to compromise monocyte growth and maturation in the lung. However, in addition to controlling monocyte behaviors, GM-CSF also regulates surfactant homeostasis. For example, mice with targeted deletion of the gene for GM-CSF accumulate large amounts of surfactant phospholipids in their lungs. Moreover, decreased GM-CSF signaling in humans has been linked to the development of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), a rare disorder in which surfactant lipids and proteins accumulate in alveolar macrophages and the lung exhibits enhanced susceptibility to infection. Consistent with parallel mechanisms in the PAP and alcoholic lung, we have recently reported that levels of intrapulmonary lipids, specifically triglycerides and free fatty acids, are increased in BAL fluid, whole lung digests and alveolar macrophages of chronically alcohol exposed rats. Additionally, we showed that uptake of saturated fatty acids alone could induce phenotypic and functional changes in alveolar macrophages that mimicked those in the alcohol-exposed rat and human lung. Herein, we discuss the role of GM-CSF in surfactant homeostasis and highlight the evidence that links decreased GM-CSF signaling to alveolar macrophage dysfunction in both the PAP and alcohol-exposed lung. Moreover, we discuss how lipid accumulation itself might contribute to altering alveolar macrophage function and propose how targeting these mechanisms could be employed for reducing the susceptibility to pulmonary infections in alcoholics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William S Slovinsky
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Freddy Romero
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Dominic Sales
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Hoora Shaghaghi
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Ross Summer
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zahr NM, Pohl KM, Pfefferbaum A, Sullivan EV. Central Nervous System Correlates of "Objective" Neuropathy in Alcohol Use Disorder. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:2144-2152. [PMID: 31386216 PMCID: PMC6779503 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the neurological consequences of alcoholism is peripheral neuropathy. Relative to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or diabetes-related neuropathies, neuropathy associated with alcohol use disorders (AUD) is understudied. In both the diabetes and HIV literature, emerging evidence supports a central nervous system (CNS) component to peripheral neuropathy. METHODS In seeking a central substrate for AUD-related neuropathy, the current study was conducted in 154 individuals with AUD (43 women, age 21 to 74 years) and 99 healthy controls (41 women, age 21 to 77 years) and explored subjective symptoms (self-report) and objective signs (perception of vibration, deep tendon ankle reflex, position sense, 2-point discrimination) of neuropathy separately. In addition to regional brain volumes, risk factors for AUD-related neuropathy, including age, sex, total lifetime ethanol consumed, nutritional indices (i.e., thiamine, folate), and measures of liver integrity (i.e., γ-glutamyltransferase), were evaluated. RESULTS The AUD group described more subjective symptoms of neuropathy and was more frequently impaired on bilateral perception of vibration. From 5 correlates, the number of AUD-related seizures was most significantly associated with subjective symptoms of neuropathy. There were 15 correlates of impaired perception of vibration among the AUD participants: Of these, age and volume of frontal precentral cortex were the most robust predictors. CONCLUSIONS This study supports CNS involvement in objective signs of neuropathy in AUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Zahr
- Neuroscience Program, (NMZ, KMP, AP), SRI International, Menlo Park, California
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, (NMZ, KMP, AP, EVS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Kilian M Pohl
- Neuroscience Program, (NMZ, KMP, AP), SRI International, Menlo Park, California
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, (NMZ, KMP, AP, EVS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Adolf Pfefferbaum
- Neuroscience Program, (NMZ, KMP, AP), SRI International, Menlo Park, California
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, (NMZ, KMP, AP, EVS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Edith V Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, (NMZ, KMP, AP, EVS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Chang S, Kim DH, Jang EY, Yoon SS, Gwak YS, Yi YJ, Lee JY, Ahn SH, Kim JM, Ryu YH, Kim SN, Roh HS, Lee MY, Kim SC, Lee BH, Kim HY, Yang CH. Acupuncture attenuates alcohol dependence through activation of endorphinergic input to the nucleus accumbens from the arcuate nucleus. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaax1342. [PMID: 31517050 PMCID: PMC6726441 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax1342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A withdrawal-associated impairment in β-endorphin neurotransmission in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus is associated with alcohol dependence characterized by a chronic relapsing disorder. Although acupuncture activates β-endorphin neurons in the ARC projecting to the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a role for ARC β-endorphin neurons in alcohol dependence and acupuncture effects has not been examined. Here, we show that acupuncture at Shenmen (HT7) points attenuates behavioral manifestation of alcohol dependence by activating endorphinergic input to the NAc from the ARC. Acupuncture attenuated ethanol withdrawal tremor, anxiety-like behaviors, and ethanol self-administration in ethanol-dependent rats, which are mimicked by local injection of β-endorphin into the NAc. Acupuncture also reversed the decreased β-endorphin levels in the NAc and a reduction of neuronal activity in the ARC during ethanol withdrawal. These results suggest that acupuncture may provide a novel, potential treatment strategy for alcohol use disorder by direct activation of the brain pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suchan Chang
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Dan Hyo Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Shoon Yoon
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seob Gwak
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Yoo Jung Yi
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yeon Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Hee Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Mook Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Hee Ryu
- Acupuncture, Moxibustion & Meridian Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Nam Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Sun Roh
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Lee
- College of Biomedical Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongbuk 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (C.H.Y.); (H.Y.K.)
| | - Chae Ha Yang
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (C.H.Y.); (H.Y.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Jones SA, Nagel BJ. Altered frontostriatal white matter microstructure is associated with familial alcoholism and future binge drinking in adolescence. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:1076-1083. [PMID: 30636769 PMCID: PMC6461789 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a time of significant neurobiological development, including changes in white matter microstructure. Familial alcoholism and adolescent binge-drinking have both been associated with altered white matter microstructure; however, the temporal nature of these effects, and their interaction, is unclear. Using diffusion-weighted imaging and voxel-wise multilevel modeling, the effects of familial alcoholism and future binge-drinking on white matter microstructural development were assessed in 45 adolescents, who went on to binge-drink (but were alcohol-naive at baseline), and 68 adolescents, who remained largely alcohol-naive, all with varying degrees of familial alcoholism. Both future binge-drinking and familial alcoholism were associated with altered frontostriatal white matter microstructure early in adolescence, prior to alcohol use. While several binge-drinking-related effects persisted throughout adolescence (in the posterior limb of the internal capsule, superior corona radiata, and cerebellar peduncles), the association between familial alcoholism and altered white matter microstructure dissipated across adolescence in all regions. There were no white matter regions identified where future binge-drinking or familial alcoholism were significantly associated with emergent or exacerbated alterations in white matter microstructure. Altogether, these findings suggest that alterations in frontostiatal white matter microstructure, some of which are associated with familial alcoholism, may be used to predict which adolescents are more likely to go on and engage in alcohol use. Meanwhile, a reduction in family history-related associations with altered white matter microstructure by late-adolescence is encouraging for future prevention work targeted at at-risk youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Bonnie J Nagel
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Bódi N, Szalai Z, Bagyánszki M. Nitrergic Enteric Neurons in Health and Disease-Focus on Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20082003. [PMID: 31022832 PMCID: PMC6515552 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20082003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrergic enteric neurons are key players of the descending inhibitory reflex of intestinal peristalsis, therefore loss or damage of these neurons can contribute to developing gastrointestinal motility disturbances suffered by patients worldwide. There is accumulating evidence that the vulnerability of nitrergic enteric neurons to neuropathy is strictly region-specific and that the two main enteric plexuses display different nitrergic neuronal damage. Alterations both in the proportion of the nitrergic subpopulation and in the total number of enteric neurons suggest that modification of the neurochemical character or neuronal death occurs in the investigated gut segments. This review aims to summarize the gastrointestinal region and/or plexus-dependent pathological changes in the number of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-containing neurons, the NO release and the cellular and subcellular expression of different NOS isoforms. Additionally, some of the underlying mechanisms associated with the nitrergic pathway in the background of different diseases, e.g., type 1 diabetes, chronic alcoholism, intestinal inflammation or ischaemia, will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolett Bódi
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Zita Szalai
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Mária Bagyánszki
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zahr NM, Pohl KM, Saranathan M, Sullivan EV, Pfefferbaum A. Hippocampal subfield CA2+3 exhibits accelerated aging in Alcohol Use Disorder: A preliminary study. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 22:101764. [PMID: 30904825 PMCID: PMC6434095 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The profile of brain structural dysmorphology of individuals with Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD) involves disruption of the limbic system. In vivo imaging studies report hippocampal volume loss in AUD relative to controls, but only recently has it been possible to articulate different regions of this complex structure. Volumetric analysis of hippocampal regions rather than total hippocampal volume may augment differentiation of disease processes. For example, damage to hippocampal subfield cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) is often reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD), whereas deficits in CA4/dentate gyrus are described in response to stress and trauma. Two previous studies explored the effects of chronic alcohol use on hippocampal subfields: one reported smaller volume of the CA2+3 in alcohol-dependent subjects relative to controls, associated with years of alcohol consumption; the other, smaller volumes of presubiculum, subiculum, and fimbria in alcohol-dependent relative to control men. The current study, conducted in 24 adults with DSM5-diagnosed AUD (7 women, 53.7 ± 8.8) and 20 controls (7 women, 54.1 ± 9.3), is the first to use FreeSurfer 6.0, which provides state-of-the art hippocampal parcellation, to explore the sensitivity of hippocampal sufields to alcoholism. T1- and T2- images were collected on a GE MR750 system with a 32-channel Nova head coil. FreeSurfer 6.0 hippocampal subfield analysis produced 12 subfields: parasubiculum; presubiculum; subiculum; CA1; CA2+3; CA4; GC-ML-DG (Granule Cell (GC) and Molecular Layer (ML) of the Dentate Gyrus (DG)); molecular layer; hippocampus-amygdala-transition-area (HATA); fimbria; hippocampal tail; hippocampal fissure; and whole volume for left and right hippocampi. A comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests comprising attention, memory and learning, visuospatial abilities, and executive functions was administered. Multiple regression analyses of raw volumetric data for each subfields by group, age, sex, hemisphere, and supratentorial volume (svol) showed significant effects of svol (p < .04) on nearly all structures (excluding tail and fissure). Volumes corrected for svol showed effects of age (fimbria, fissure) and group (subiculum, CA1, CA4, GC-ML-DG, HATA, fimbria); CA2+3 showed a diagnosis-by-age interaction indicating older AUD individuals had a smaller volume than would be expected for their age. There were no selective relations between hippocampal subfields and performance on neuropsychological tests, likely due to lack of statistical power. The current results concur with the previous study identifying CA2+3 as sensitive to alcoholism, extend them by identifying an alcoholism-age interaction, and suggest an imaging phenotype distinguishing AUD from AD and stress/trauma. Whether alcohol use disorders (AUD) compromise hippocampal volume is disputed. A 32-channel head coil acquired high-resolution images. The hippocampus was segmented using FreeSurfer 6.0. Several subregions showed volume deficits in AUD relative to healthy controls. Cornu Ammonis 2+3 showed a alcoholism-by-age interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Zahr
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd., Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Kilian M Pohl
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Manojkumar Saranathan
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Edith V Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd., Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Adolf Pfefferbaum
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd., Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| |
Collapse
|