1
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Page MJ, Pretorius E. Platelet Behavior Contributes to Neuropathologies: A Focus on Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease. Semin Thromb Hemost 2021; 48:382-404. [PMID: 34624913 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The functions of platelets are broad. Platelets function in hemostasis and thrombosis, inflammation and immune responses, vascular regulation, and host defense against invading pathogens, among others. These actions are achieved through the release of a wide set of coagulative, vascular, inflammatory, and other factors as well as diverse cell surface receptors involved in the same activities. As active participants in these physiological processes, platelets become involved in signaling pathways and pathological reactions that contribute to diseases that are defined by inflammation (including by pathogen-derived stimuli), vascular dysfunction, and coagulation. These diseases include Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, the two most common neurodegenerative diseases. Despite their unique pathological and clinical features, significant shared pathological processes exist between these two conditions, particularly relating to a central inflammatory mechanism involving both neuroinflammation and inflammation in the systemic environment, but also neurovascular dysfunction and coagulopathy, processes which also share initiation factors and receptors. This triad of dysfunction-(neuro)inflammation, neurovascular dysfunction, and hypercoagulation-illustrates the important roles platelets play in neuropathology. Although some mechanisms are understudied in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, a strong case can be made for the relevance of platelets in neurodegeneration-related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Page
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland, South Africa
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland, South Africa
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2
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Gresele P, Falcinelli E, Momi S, Petito E, Sebastiano M. Platelets and Matrix Metalloproteinases: A Bidirectional Interaction with Multiple Pathophysiologic Implications. Hamostaseologie 2021; 41:136-145. [PMID: 33860521 DOI: 10.1055/a-1393-8339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets contain and release several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a highly conserved protein family with multiple functions in organism defense and repair. Platelet-released MMPs as well as MMPs generated by other cells within the cardiovascular system modulate platelet function in health and disease. In particular, a normal hemostatic platelet response to vessel wall injury may be transformed into pathological thrombus formation by platelet-released and/or by locally generated MMPs. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that platelets play a role not only in hemostasis but also in immune response, inflammation and allergy, atherosclerosis, and cancer development, and MMPs seem to contribute importantly to this role. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms may open the way to novel therapeutic approaches to the inhibition of their pathogenic effects and lead to significant advances in the treatment of cardiovascular, inflammatory, and neoplastic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gresele
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - E Falcinelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - S Momi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - E Petito
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - M Sebastiano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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3
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Howes J, Knäuper V, Malcor J, Farndale RW. Cleavage by MMP-13 renders VWF unable to bind to collagen but increases its platelet reactivity. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:942-954. [PMID: 31894636 PMCID: PMC8614119 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic plaque rupture and subsequent thrombosis underpin thrombotic syndromes. Under inflammatory conditions in the unstable plaque, perturbed endothelial cells secrete von Willebrand Factor (VWF) which, via its interaction with GpIbα, enables platelet rolling across and adherence to the damaged endothelium. Following plaque rupture, VWF and platelets are exposed to subendothelial collagen, which supports stable platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation. Plaque-derived matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 is also released into the surrounding lumen where it may interact with VWF, collagen, and platelets. OBJECTIVES We sought to discover whether MMP-13 can cleave VWF and whether this might regulate its interaction with both collagen and platelets. METHODS We have used platelet adhesion assays and whole blood flow experiments to assess the effects of VWF cleavage by MMP-13 on platelet adhesion and thrombus formation. RESULTS Unlike the shear-dependent cleavage of VWF by a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motif member 13 (ADAMTS13), MMP-13 is able to cleave VWF under static conditions. Following cleavage by MMP-13, immobilized VWF cannot bind to collagen but interacts more strongly with platelets, supporting slower platelet rolling in whole blood under shear. Compared with intact VWF, the interaction of cleaved VWF with platelets results in greater GpIbα upregulation and P-selectin expression, and the thrombi formed on cleaved VWF-collagen co-coatings are larger and more contractile than platelet aggregates on intact VWF-collagen co-coatings or on collagen alone. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a VWF-mediated role for MMP-13 in the recruitment of platelets to the site of vascular injury and may provide new insights into the association of MMP-13 in atherothrombotic and stroke pathologies.
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4
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Gresele P, Falcinelli E, Sebastiano M, Momi S. Matrix Metalloproteinases and Platelet Function. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 147:133-165. [PMID: 28413027 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Platelets contain and release several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs), including MMP-1, -2, -3, -9, and -14 and TIMP-1, -2, and -4. Although devoid of a nucleus, platelets also synthesize TIMP-2 upon activation. Platelet-released MMPs/TIMPs, as well as MMPs generated by other cells within the cardiovascular system, modulate platelet function in health and disease. In particular, a normal hemostatic platelet response to vessel wall injury may be transformed into pathologic thrombus formation by the release from platelets and/or by the local generation of some MMPs. Moreover, platelets may localize the production of leukocyte-derived MMPs to sites of vascular damage, contributing to atherosclerosis development and complications and to arterial aneurysm formation. Finally, the interaction between platelets and tumor cells is strongly influenced by MMPs/TIMPs. All these mechanisms are emerging as important in atherothrombosis, inflammatory disease, and cancer growth and dissemination. Increasing knowledge of these mechanisms may open the way to novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Gresele
- Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Falcinelli
- Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Manuela Sebastiano
- Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefania Momi
- Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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5
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Aydin O, Youssef I, Yuksel Durmaz Y, Tiruchinapally G, ElSayed MEH. Formulation of Acid-Sensitive Micelles for Delivery of Cabazitaxel into Prostate Cancer Cells. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:1413-29. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Omer Aydin
- Cellular Engineering & Nano-Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ibrahim Youssef
- Cellular Engineering & Nano-Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura ET-35516, Egypt
| | - Yasemin Yuksel Durmaz
- Cellular Engineering & Nano-Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, 34810, Turkey
| | - Gopinath Tiruchinapally
- Cellular Engineering & Nano-Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mohamed E. H. ElSayed
- Cellular Engineering & Nano-Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Macromolecular
Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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6
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Mastenbroek TG, Feijge MA, Kremers RM, van den Bosch MT, Swieringa F, De Groef L, Moons L, Bennett C, Ghevaert C, Johnson JL, van der Meijden PE, Cosemans JM. Platelet-Associated Matrix Metalloproteinases Regulate Thrombus Formation and Exert Local Collagenolytic Activity. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:2554-61. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Platelets are increasingly implicated in processes beyond hemostasis and thrombosis, such as vascular remodeling. Members of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family not only remodel the extracellular matrix but also modulate platelet function. Here, we made a systematic comparison of the roles of MMP family members in acute thrombus formation under flow conditions and assessed platelet-dependent collagenolytic activity over time.
Approach and Results—
Pharmacological inhibition of MMP-1 or MMP-2 (human) or deficiency in MMP-2 (mouse) suppressed collagen-dependent platelet activation and thrombus formation under flow, whereas MMP-9 inhibition/deficiency stimulated these processes. The absence of MMP-3 was without effect. Interestingly, MMP-14 inhibition led to the formation of larger thrombi, which occurred independently of its capacity to activate MMP-2. Platelet thrombi exerted local collagenolytic activity capable of cleaving immobilized dye-quenched collagen and fibrillar collagen fibers within hours, with loss of the majority of the platelet adhesive properties of collagen as a consequence. This collagenolytic activity was redundantly mediated by platelet-associated MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-14 but occurred independently of platelet α-granule release (
Nbeal2
−/−
mice). The latter was in line with subcellular localization experiments, which indicated a granular distribution of MMP-1 and MMP-2 in platelets, distinct from α-granules. Whereas MMP-9 protein could not be detected inside platelets, activated platelets did bind plasma-derived MMP-9 to their plasma membrane. Overall, platelet MMP activity was predominantly membrane-associated and influenced by platelet activation status.
Conclusions—
Platelet-associated MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-14 differentially modulate acute thrombus formation and at later time points limit thrombus formation by exerting collagenolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom G. Mastenbroek
- From the Department of Biochemistry (T.G.M., M.A.H.F., R.M.W.K., M.T.J.v.d.B., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., J.M.E.M.C.) and Synapse BV (R.M.W.K.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.T.J.v.d.B.) and School of Clinical Sciences (J.L.J.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.D.G
| | - Marion A.H. Feijge
- From the Department of Biochemistry (T.G.M., M.A.H.F., R.M.W.K., M.T.J.v.d.B., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., J.M.E.M.C.) and Synapse BV (R.M.W.K.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.T.J.v.d.B.) and School of Clinical Sciences (J.L.J.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.D.G
| | - Romy M.W. Kremers
- From the Department of Biochemistry (T.G.M., M.A.H.F., R.M.W.K., M.T.J.v.d.B., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., J.M.E.M.C.) and Synapse BV (R.M.W.K.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.T.J.v.d.B.) and School of Clinical Sciences (J.L.J.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.D.G
| | - Marion T.J. van den Bosch
- From the Department of Biochemistry (T.G.M., M.A.H.F., R.M.W.K., M.T.J.v.d.B., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., J.M.E.M.C.) and Synapse BV (R.M.W.K.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.T.J.v.d.B.) and School of Clinical Sciences (J.L.J.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.D.G
| | - Frauke Swieringa
- From the Department of Biochemistry (T.G.M., M.A.H.F., R.M.W.K., M.T.J.v.d.B., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., J.M.E.M.C.) and Synapse BV (R.M.W.K.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.T.J.v.d.B.) and School of Clinical Sciences (J.L.J.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.D.G
| | - Lies De Groef
- From the Department of Biochemistry (T.G.M., M.A.H.F., R.M.W.K., M.T.J.v.d.B., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., J.M.E.M.C.) and Synapse BV (R.M.W.K.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.T.J.v.d.B.) and School of Clinical Sciences (J.L.J.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.D.G
| | - Lieve Moons
- From the Department of Biochemistry (T.G.M., M.A.H.F., R.M.W.K., M.T.J.v.d.B., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., J.M.E.M.C.) and Synapse BV (R.M.W.K.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.T.J.v.d.B.) and School of Clinical Sciences (J.L.J.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.D.G
| | - Cavan Bennett
- From the Department of Biochemistry (T.G.M., M.A.H.F., R.M.W.K., M.T.J.v.d.B., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., J.M.E.M.C.) and Synapse BV (R.M.W.K.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.T.J.v.d.B.) and School of Clinical Sciences (J.L.J.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.D.G
| | - Cedric Ghevaert
- From the Department of Biochemistry (T.G.M., M.A.H.F., R.M.W.K., M.T.J.v.d.B., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., J.M.E.M.C.) and Synapse BV (R.M.W.K.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.T.J.v.d.B.) and School of Clinical Sciences (J.L.J.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.D.G
| | - Jason L. Johnson
- From the Department of Biochemistry (T.G.M., M.A.H.F., R.M.W.K., M.T.J.v.d.B., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., J.M.E.M.C.) and Synapse BV (R.M.W.K.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.T.J.v.d.B.) and School of Clinical Sciences (J.L.J.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.D.G
| | - Paola E.J. van der Meijden
- From the Department of Biochemistry (T.G.M., M.A.H.F., R.M.W.K., M.T.J.v.d.B., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., J.M.E.M.C.) and Synapse BV (R.M.W.K.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.T.J.v.d.B.) and School of Clinical Sciences (J.L.J.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.D.G
| | - Judith M.E.M. Cosemans
- From the Department of Biochemistry (T.G.M., M.A.H.F., R.M.W.K., M.T.J.v.d.B., F.S., P.E.J.v.d.M., J.M.E.M.C.) and Synapse BV (R.M.W.K.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.T.J.v.d.B.) and School of Clinical Sciences (J.L.J.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (L.D.G
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7
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Samuel SP, Santos-Martinez MJ, Medina C, Jain N, Radomski MW, Prina-Mello A, Volkov Y. CdTe quantum dots induce activation of human platelets: implications for nanoparticle hemocompatibility. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:2723-34. [PMID: 25897218 PMCID: PMC4396453 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s78281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
New nanomaterials intended for systemic administration have raised concerns regarding their biocompatibility and hemocompatibility. Quantum dots (QD) nanoparticles have been used for diagnostics, and recent work suggests their use for in vivo molecular and cellular imaging. However, the hemocompatibility of QDs and their constituent components has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, comprehensive investigation of QD–platelet interactions is presented. These interactions were shown using transmission electron microscopy. The effects of QDs on platelet function were investigated using light aggregometry, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation, flow cytometry, and gelatin zymography. Platelet morphology was also analyzed by phase-contrast, immunofluorescence, atomic-force and transmission electron microscopy. We show that the QDs bind to platelet plasma membrane with the resultant upregulation of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and P-selectin receptors, and release of matrix metalloproteinase-2. These findings unravel for the first time the mechanism of functional response of platelets to ultrasmall QDs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Samuel
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria J Santos-Martinez
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ; School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Carlos Medina
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Namrata Jain
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marek W Radomski
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Adriele Prina-Mello
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ; AMBER and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yuri Volkov
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ; AMBER and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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8
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Corbalan JJ, Medina C, Jacoby A, Malinski T, Radomski MW. Amorphous silica nanoparticles aggregate human platelets: potential implications for vascular homeostasis. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:631-9. [PMID: 22334785 PMCID: PMC3278227 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s28293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Amorphous silica nanoparticles (SiNP) can be used in medical technologies and other industries leading to human exposure. However, an increased number of studies indicate that this exposure may result in cardiovascular inflammation and damage. A high ratio of nitric oxide to peroxynitrite concentrations ([NO]/[ONOO−]) is crucial for cardiovascular homeostasis and platelet hemostasis. Therefore, we studied the influence of SiNP on the platelet [NO]/[ONOO−] balance and platelet aggregation. Methods Nanoparticle–platelet interaction was examined using transmission electron microscopy. Electrochemical nanosensors were used to measure the levels of NO and ONOO− released by platelets upon nanoparticle stimulation. Platelet aggregation was studied using light aggregometry, flow cytometry, and phase contrast microscopy. Results Amorphous SiNP induced NO release from platelets followed by a massive stimulation of ONOO− leading to an unfavorably low [NO]/[ONOO−] ratio. In addition, SiNP induced an upregulation of selectin P expression and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa activation on the platelet surface membrane, and led to platelet aggregation via adenosine diphosphate and matrix metalloproteinase 2-dependent mechanisms. Importantly, all the effects on platelet aggregation were inversely proportional to nanoparticle size. Conclusions The exposure of platelets to amorphous SiNP induces a critically low [NO]/[ONOO−] ratio leading to platelet aggregation. These findings provide new insights into the pharmacological profile of SiNP in platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jose Corbalan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Panoz Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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9
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Harmon S, Inkielewicz-Stepniak I, Jones M, Ledwidge M, Santos-Martinez MJ, Medina C, Radomski MW, Gilmer JF. Mechanisms of aggregation inhibition by aspirin and nitrate-aspirin prodrugs in human platelets. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 64:77-89. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01380.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Aspirin is the mainstay of anti-platelet therapy in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, problems with aspirin safety and resistance demand clinical strategies based on multiple pharmacological approaches. Prodrugs of aspirin may offer beneficial effects in terms of gastro-intestinal safety and multiple pharmacological approaches. However, the pharmacological profile of aspirin prodrugs in human platelets has not been completed yet. We aimed to compare the effects of aspirin and prodrugs of aspirin (1–5) on human platelet aggregation stimulated by ADP and collagen and associated receptor expression (GPIIb/IIIa and P-selectin) in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and washed platelets (WP).
Methods
As aspirin is released from prodrugs following esterase hydrolysis we studied the expression and activity of butyrylcholineterase (BuChE) and carboxyesterase (CE) in plasma and platelets. The mechanism of prodrug-induced platelet aggregation inhibition was explored by studying the effects of plasma and purified human BuChE on aggregation. Finally, the relative contribution of nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity to nitrate-containing prodrugs of aspirin-induced inhibition of aggregation was determined using 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ,) a selective inhibitor of the soluble guanylyl cyclase.
Key findings
ST0702, 2, a nicotinic acid-aspirin codrug was equipotent with aspirin with respect to inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Compound 4, a NO releasing aspirin was the most potent inhibitor of ADP-induced platelet aggregation, an effect partially reversed by ODQ. The platelet inhibitory effects of aspirin prodrugs were time-dependent as the maximal inhibitory effects against collagen-induced aggregation were achieved by aspirin at 2 min, 1 at 5 min and ST0702 at 15 min. The aspirin prodrugs were significantly less potent in WP than in PRP and the reverse was true of aspirin. In the presence of complete BuChE inhibition in PRP, there was almost complete loss of aspirin prodrug, but not aspirin anti-aggregatory activity. Interestingly, CE activity was observed in WP and platelet lysate with pNPA substrate. Accordingly, 1 and ST0702 retained 50% and 100% anti-aggregatory activity at maximal concentrations in WP, which was attenuated in the presence of esterase inhibitor phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride.
Conclusions
The inhibitory effect of aspirin prodrugs in PRP is due to prodrug activation by BuChE. In contrast, the platelet-inhibitory effects of aspirin prodrugs in WP may be mediated through the activity of platelet CE. Compound 4, a NO-containing aspirin prodrug, may exert dual inhibitory effects in platelets. Thus, aspirin prodrugs effectively inhibit human platelet aggregation and as such may be an alternative to conventional aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shona Harmon
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Michael Jones
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark Ledwidge
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Carlos Medina
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marek W Radomski
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John F Gilmer
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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Halvorsen B, Otterdal K, Dahl TB, Skjelland M, Gullestad L, Øie E, Aukrust P. Atherosclerotic plaque stability--what determines the fate of a plaque? Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2008; 51:183-94. [PMID: 19026853 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2008.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although the understanding of the underlying pathology of atherosclerosis has improved in recent years, the disease is still the main cause of death globally. Current evidence has implicated the role of inflammation in atherogenesis and plaque destabilization. Thus, inflammatory cytokines may attenuate interstitial collagen synthesis, increase matrix degradation, and promote apoptosis in several atheroma-associated cell types, and all these cellular events may enhance plaque vulnerability. Several cell types found within the lesion (ie, monocyte/macrophages, T cells, mast cells, platelets) contribute to this immune-mediated plaque destabilization, and a better understanding of these processes is a prerequisite for the development of new treatment strategies in these individuals. Such knowledge could also facilitate a better identification of high-risk individuals. In the present study, these issues will be discussed in more detail, particularly focusing on the interactions between matrix degradation, apoptotic, and inflammatory processes in plaque destabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente Halvorsen
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Department of Neurology, Rikshospitalet Medical Center, Oslo, Norway.
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Santos-Martinez MJ, Medina C, Gilmer JF, Radomski MW. Matrix metalloproteinases in platelet function: coming of age. J Thromb Haemost 2008; 6:514-6. [PMID: 18088339 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02876.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M J Santos-Martinez
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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12
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Santos-Martínez MJ, Medina C, Jurasz P, Radomski MW. Role of metalloproteinases in platelet function. Thromb Res 2008; 121:535-42. [PMID: 17681591 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2007.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2007] [Revised: 02/14/2007] [Accepted: 06/15/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Platelets contain and release matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), their inhibitors (TIMPs) and disintegrin metalloproteinases (ADAMs) including MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, MT1-MMP (MMP-14), ADAM-10, ADAM-17, ADAMTS-13, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TIMP-4. These proteins exert several effects regulating platelet functions such as agonist-stimulated platelet adhesion and aggregation, tumour cell-induced platelet aggregation and platelet-leukocyte aggregation. In this review, mechanisms of MMPs, TIMPs and ADAMs on platelets are discussed.
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Radomski A, Jurasz P, Alonso-Escolano D, Drews M, Morandi M, Malinski T, Radomski MW. Nanoparticle-induced platelet aggregation and vascular thrombosis. Br J Pharmacol 2006; 146:882-93. [PMID: 16158070 PMCID: PMC1751219 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ever increasing use of engineered carbon nanoparticles in nanopharmacology for selective imaging, sensor or drug delivery systems has increased the potential for blood platelet-nanoparticle interactions. We studied the effects of engineered and combustion-derived carbon nanoparticles on human platelet aggregation in vitro and rat vascular thrombosis in vivo. Multiplewall (MWNT), singlewall (SWNT) nanotubes, C60 fullerenes (C60CS) and mixed carbon nanoparticles (MCN) (0.2-300 microg ml(-1)) were investigated. Nanoparticles were compared with standard urban particulate matter (SRM1648, average size 1.4 microm). Platelet function was studied using lumi aggregometry, phase-contrast, immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, zymography and pharmacological inhibitors of platelet aggregation. Vascular thrombosis was induced by ferric chloride and the rate of thrombosis was measured, in the presence of carbon particles, with an ultrasonic flow probe. Carbon particles, except C60CS, stimulated platelet aggregation (MCN>or=SWNT>MWNT>SRM1648) and accelerated the rate of vascular thrombosis in rat carotid arteries with a similar rank order of efficacy. All particles resulted in upregulation of GPIIb/IIIa in platelets. In contrast, particles differentially affected the release of platelet granules, as well as the activity of thromboxane-, ADP, matrix metalloproteinase- and protein kinase C-dependent pathways of aggregation. Furthermore, particle-induced aggregation was inhibited by prostacyclin and S-nitroso-glutathione, but not by aspirin. Thus, some carbon nanoparticles and microparticles have the ability to activate platelets and enhance vascular thrombosis. These observations are of importance for the pharmacological use of carbon nanoparticles and pathology of urban particulate matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Radomski
- Centre for Vascular Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston, 6770 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77025, USA
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14
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Medina C, Jurasz P, Santos-Martinez MJ, Jeong SS, Mitsky T, Chen R, Radomski MW. Platelet aggregation-induced by caco-2 cells: regulation by matrix metalloproteinase-2 and adenosine diphosphate. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006; 317:739-45. [PMID: 16424148 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.105.098384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation of tumor cell-platelet aggregates facilitates hematogenous metastases. However, molecular mechanisms implicated in tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) in colon cancer are unclear. To investigate mechanisms of TCIPA induced by colon adenocarcinoma cells in vitro, human Caco-2 cells were used to study their interactions with platelets using aggregometry, zymography, phase-contrast microscopy, and flow cytometry. Caco-2-induced platelet aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner. This aggregation resulted in the release of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, as measured by zymography. In addition, flow cytometry showed a significant up-regulation of activated GpIIb/IIIa, total GpIIb/IIIa, GpIb, and P-selectin receptors on platelets. Inhibition of MMP-2 by phenantroline and degradation of ADP by APT102, respectively, resulted in inhibition of TCIPA. Furthermore, both phenantroline and APT102 significantly down-regulated the surface abundance of platelet receptors. Caco-2 cells aggregate platelets, at least in part, via releasing MMP-2 and ADP. Modulation of MMP-2 and ADP actions could have therapeutic value in colonic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Medina
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology and Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
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15
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Chung A, Wildhirt SM, Wang S, Koshal A, Radomski MW. Combined administration of nitric oxide gas and iloprost during cardiopulmonary bypass reduces platelet dysfunction: a pilot clinical study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 129:782-90. [PMID: 15821644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction are major mechanisms of cardiopulmonary bypass-induced postoperative hemorrhage. This study evaluated the effects of low amounts of nitric oxide, iloprost (prostacyclin analog), and their combination administered directly into the oxygenator on platelet function, platelet-leukocyte interactions, and postoperative blood loss in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS Blood samples from 41 patients randomized to the control, nitric oxide (20 ppm), iloprost (2 ng x kg -1 x min -1 ), or nitric oxide plus iloprost groups were collected during cardiopulmonary bypass. Platelets and leukocytes were enumerated. Platelet membrane glycoprotein Ib and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, P-selectin, platelet-derived microparticles, leukocyte CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1), and platelet-leukocyte aggregate were quantified by means of flow cytometry. Collagen and thrombin receptor-activating peptide-induced platelet aggregation in whole blood was analyzed by means of aggregometry. RESULTS Both nitric oxide or iloprost attenuated cardiopulmonary bypass-induced thrombocytopenia, reduction of glycoprotein Ib and glycoprotein IIb levels, translocation of P-selectin, microparticle formation, Mac-1 upregulation, and suppression of collagen-induced aggregation. Nitric oxide plus iloprost was significantly more effective in preventing thrombocytopenia, microparticle formation, and P-selectin translocation. Moreover, this treatment preserved thrombin receptor-activating peptide-induced aggregation, which was not rescued by single treatments. Both nitric oxide and nitric oxide plus iloprost attenuated postoperative blood loss. CONCLUSIONS Nitric oxide plus iloprost reduced the deleterious effects of cardiopulmonary bypass, such as thrombocytopenia, platelet activation, platelet-leukocyte aggregate formation, and suppression of platelet aggregative responses. The reduced postoperative bleeding observed with this treatment suggests that this is a new and clinically feasible therapeutic option for patients subjected to cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Chung
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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16
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Gardiner EE, Arthur JF, Kahn ML, Berndt MC, Andrews RK. Regulation of platelet membrane levels of glycoprotein VI by a platelet-derived metalloproteinase. Blood 2004; 104:3611-7. [PMID: 15308568 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-04-1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis can be initiated when activated platelets adhere to injured blood vessels via the interaction of subendothelial collagen with its platelet receptor, glycoprotein (GP) VI. Here we observed that incubation of platelets with convulxin, collagen, or collagen-related peptide (CRP) resulted in GPVI signaling-dependent loss of surface GPVI and the appearance of an approximately 55-kDa soluble fragment of GPVI as revealed by immunoblotting. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or GM6001 (a metalloproteinase inhibitor with broad specificity) prevented this loss. In other receptor systems, calmodulin binding to membrane-proximal cytoplasmic sequences regulates metalloproteinase-mediated ectodomain shedding. In this regard, we have previously shown that calmodulin binds to a positively charged, membrane-proximal sequence within the cytoplasmic tail of GPVI. Incubation of platelets with calmodulin inhibitor W7 (150 μM) resulted in a time-dependent loss of GPVI from the platelet surface. Both EDTA and GM6001 prevented this loss. Surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that W7 specifically blocked the association of calmodulin with an immobilized synthetic peptide corresponding to the calmodulin-binding sequence of GPVI. These findings suggest that disruption of calmodulin binding to receptor cytoplasmic tails by agonist binding to the receptor triggers metalloproteinase-mediated loss of GPVI from the platelet surface. This process may represent a potential mechanism to regulate GPVI-dependent platelet adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E Gardiner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, 3800.
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17
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Chung AWY, Radomski A, Alonso-Escolano D, Jurasz P, Stewart MW, Malinski T, Radomski MW. Platelet-leukocyte aggregation induced by PAR agonists: regulation by nitric oxide and matrix metalloproteinases. Br J Pharmacol 2004; 143:845-55. [PMID: 15533889 PMCID: PMC1575938 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-leukocyte aggregation (PLA) links haemostasis to inflammation. The role of nitric oxide (NO) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, -2, -3, -9) in PLA regulation was studied. Homologous human platelet-leukocyte suspensions were stimulated with thrombin (0.1-3 nM) and other proteinase activated receptor-activating peptides (PAR-AP), including PAR1AP (0.5-10 microM), PAR4AP (10-70 microM), and thrombin receptor-activating peptide (1-35 microM). PLA was studied using light aggregometry with simultaneous measurement of oxygen-derived free radicals, dual colour flow cytometry, and phase-contrast microscopy. The release of NO was measured using a porphyrinic nanosensor, while MMPs were investigated by Western blot, substrate degradation assays, immunofluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometry. The levels of P-selectin and microparticles (MP) in PLA were measured by flow cytometry. PLA was also characterized using pharmacological agents: S-nitroso-glutathione (GSNO, 0.01-10 microM), 1H-Oxadiazole quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ, 1 microM), N(G)-L-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 100 microM) and compounds that modulate the actions of MMPs such as phenanthroline (100 microM), monoclonal anti-MMP antibodies, and purified MMPs. PAR agonists concentration-dependently induced PLA, an effect associated with the release of microparticles (MP) and the translocation of P-selectin to the platelet surface. NO and radicals were also released during PLA. Inhibition of NO bioactivity by the concomitant release of free radicals or by the treatment with L-NAME or ODQ stimulated PLA, while pharmacological administration of GSNO decreased PLA. PAR agonist-induced PLA resulted in the liberation of MMP-1, -2, -3, and -9. During PLA, MMPs were present on the cell surface, as shown by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. PLA led to the activation of latent MMPs to active MMPs, as shown by Western blot and substrate degradation assays. Inhibition of MMPs actions by phenanthroline and by the antibodies attenuated PLA. In contrast, purified active, but not latent, MMPs amplified thrombin-induced PLA. It is concluded that NO and MMP-1, -2, -3, and -9 play an important role in regulation of PAR agonist-induced PLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada W Y Chung
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Anna Radomski
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas-Houston, U.S.A
- Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas-Houston, U.S.A
| | - David Alonso-Escolano
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas-Houston, U.S.A
- Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas-Houston, U.S.A
| | - Paul Jurasz
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas-Houston, U.S.A
- Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas-Houston, U.S.A
| | | | - Tadeusz Malinski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH, U.S.A
| | - Marek W Radomski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas-Houston, U.S.A
- Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas-Houston, U.S.A
- Author for correspondence:
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18
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Holthe MR, Staff AC, Berge LN, Lyberg T. Different levels of platelet activation in preeclamptic, normotensive pregnant, and nonpregnant women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004; 190:1128-34. [PMID: 15118653 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2003.10.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of our study were to determine the basal platelet activation state in women with preeclampsia compared with normotensive pregnant women and nonpregnant women and to investigate the platelet reactivity on in vitro stimulation with adenosine diphosphate or thrombin receptor activation peptide. STUDY DESIGN Platelet expression of CD61 (fibrinogen receptor), CD42a (von Willebrand factor receptor), CD62P (P-selectin), CD63 (Glycoprotein 53), and PAC-1 binding (activated fibrinogen receptor) were determined in 20 pairs of women with preeclampsia/normotensive pregnant women and in 12 nonpregnant women, with the use of flow cytometry. RESULTS Basal platelet expression of CD61, CD42a and CD62P, and adenosine diphosphate-stimulated CD62P expression were increased in women with preeclampsia compared with normotensive pregnant women. Platelets from women with preeclampsia and normotensive pregnant women differed from platelets from nonpregnant women by expressing higher basal CD63 levels and being more responsive to in vitro agonist stimulation, which was demonstrated by increased expression of CD61, CD62P, and CD63. CONCLUSION This study supports the notion that platelets are important in the pathophysiologic condition of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette R Holthe
- Research Forum, Ullevaal University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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19
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Alonso-Escolano D, Strongin AY, Chung AW, Deryugina EI, Radomski MW. Membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase stimulates tumour cell-induced platelet aggregation: role of receptor glycoproteins. Br J Pharmacol 2003; 141:241-52. [PMID: 14691052 PMCID: PMC1574193 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
1. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) plays a role in agonist- and tumour cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA). 2. MMP-2 is synthesized as a proenzyme and is activated at the cell surface by membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP, MMP-14). 3. The significance of tumour cell-associated MT1-MMP for TCIPA was investigated using human breast carcinoma MCF7 cells stably coexpressing the integrin alphavbeta3 with MT1-MMP, cells expressing alphavbeta3 alone and mock-transfected cells. 4. Western blot and zymography confirmed that alphavbeta3/MT1-MMP cells expressed MT1-MMP and efficiently processed proMMP-2 to MMP-2. 5. Aggregometry, phase-contrast and transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry were used to characterize TCIPA induced by MCF7 cell lines. 6. The aggregating potency of cells was: alphavbeta3/MT1-MMP >alphavbeta3=mock cells, as shown by aggregometry and phase-contrast microscopy. 7. Electron microscopy revealed close, membrane-membrane interactions between activated platelets and alphavbeta3/MT1-MMP cells during TCIPA. 8. Inhibition of MMP-2 with the neutralizing anti-MMP-2 antibody (5 microg ml(-1)) and o-phenanthroline (100 microm) reduced aggregation induced by alphavbeta3/MT1-MMP cells. 9. TCIPA induced by alphavbeta3/MT1-MMP cells was also reduced by inhibiting the generation and actions of ADP with apyrase (250 microg ml(-1)) and 2-methylthio-AMP (2-MeSAMP) (30 microm), but not N(6)-methyl-2'-deoxyadenosine-3',5'-bisphosphate (MRS2179) (30 microm). 10. Flow cytometry demonstrated that TCIPA enhanced expression of glycoprotein (GP) Ib and IIb/IIIa receptors not only on platelets but also on breast cancer cells. 11. Thus, (a) human breast carcinoma cell surface-associated MT1-MMP, via activating proMMP-2, stimulates TCIPA; (b) ADP amplifies the effects of MMPs via stimulation of P2Y(12) receptors and (c) both tumour- and platelet-derived GPIb and GPIIb/IIIa are involved in the aggregatory effects of MT1-MMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Alonso-Escolano
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Alex Y Strongin
- Cancer Research Center, The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ada W Chung
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Elena I Deryugina
- Cancer Research Center, The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Marek W Radomski
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada
- Author for correspondence:
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20
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Jurasz P, North S, Venner P, Radomski MW. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 contributes to increased platelet reactivity in patients with metastatic prostate cancer: a preliminary study. Thromb Res 2003; 112:59-64. [PMID: 15013275 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2003.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2003] [Revised: 10/10/2003] [Accepted: 10/14/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Jurasz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2H7.
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21
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Abstract
Platelets play an important role in physiologic hemostasis and pathologic thrombosis that complicate the course of vascular disorders. A number of platelet functions including adhesion, aggregation and recruitment are controlled by nitric oxide (NO) generated by platelets and the endothelial cells. Derangements in this generation may contribute to the pathogenesis of thrombotic complications of vascular disorders. The pharmacologic supplementation of the diseased vasculature with drugs releasing NO may help to restore the hemostatic balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Alonso
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas-Houston, 77030, USA
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22
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Radomski A, Jurasz P, Sanders EJ, Overall CM, Bigg HF, Edwards DR, Radomski MW. Identification, regulation and role of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-4 (TIMP-4) in human platelets. Br J Pharmacol 2002; 137:1330-8. [PMID: 12466243 PMCID: PMC1573597 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2002] [Revised: 07/12/2002] [Accepted: 08/19/2002] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
1. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) released during activation of human platelets by aggregating agents and cancer cells is known to stimulate platelet aggregation. 2. The expression, activity and role of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), natural inhibitors of MMPs, in isolated human platelets were investigated. 3. Western blot, reverse zymography, immunogold electron microscopy, aggregometry (collagen-, thrombin and HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma cells-induced aggregation), flow cytometry and the release of (14)C-serotonin from labelled platelets recruited to the aggregate were used to characterize the presence and function of platelet TIMPs. 4. TIMP-4 (23 kDa) has been identified as the major MMP inhibitor (12-16 ng per 10(8) platelets) in human platelets. Platelets expressed lower (<1 ng per 10(8) platelets) amounts of TIMP-1. No other TIMPs were detected using Western blot analysis. 5. TIMP-4 co-localized with MMP-2 in resting platelets and was released upon platelet aggregation induced by collagen and thrombin. 6. Collagen resulted also in the release of higher molecular weight (60 kDa) complexes of TIMP-4. 7. The release of TIMP-4 was reduced by prostacyclin and S-nitroso-glutathione (GSNO), an NO donor. 8. Human recombinant TIMP-4 (rTIMP-4), but not human rTIMP-1, inhibited partially both platelet aggregation and recruitment. 9. The recombinant TIMP-4 potentiated the recruitment inhibitor effects of GSNO. 10. TIMP-4 was not released during platelet aggregation induced by HT-1080 cells. 11. Human rTIMP-4 exerted a biphasic effect on HT-1080 cells-induced aggregation. 12. Thus, TIMP-4 is the major intraplatelet MMP inhibitor and it is involved in regulation of platelet aggregation and recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Radomski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Paul Jurasz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Esmond J Sanders
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Christopher M Overall
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Heather F Bigg
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dylan R Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, U.K
| | - Marek W Radomski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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23
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Jurasz P, Chung AWY, Radomski A, Radomski MW. Nonremodeling properties of matrix metalloproteinases: the platelet connection. Circ Res 2002; 90:1041-3. [PMID: 12039792 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000021398.28936.1d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Galt SW, Lindemann S, Allen L, Medd DJ, Falk JM, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Kraiss LW, Zimmerman GA, Weyrich AS. Outside-in signals delivered by matrix metalloproteinase-1 regulate platelet function. Circ Res 2002; 90:1093-9. [PMID: 12039799 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000019241.12929.eb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are proteolytic enzymes that degrade extracellular matrix proteins. These enzymes are implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological events characterized by extracellular matrix remodeling. Recent studies suggest that MMPs may have a signaling capacity, but direct evidence supporting this concept is lacking. In the present study, we demonstrate that outside-in signals delivered by exogenous MMP-1 (interstitial collagenase) markedly increase the number of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in platelets. Active MMP-1 also targets beta(3) integrins to areas of cell contact and primes platelets for aggregation. Examination of the endogenous enzyme demonstrated that activated platelets process latent MMP-1 into its active form. Neutralization of MMP-1 activity with MMP inhibitors or specific blocking antibodies markedly attenuates agonist-induced phosphorylation of intracellular proteins, movement of beta(3) integrins to cell contact points, and intercellular aggregation. The finding that MMP-1 is rapidly activated in platelets and controls functional responses identifies a new role for this metalloproteinase as a signaling molecule that regulates thrombotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer W Galt
- Departments of Vascular Surgery, Internal Medicine, Program in Human Molecular Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.
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25
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Chung AWY, Jurasz P, Hollenberg MD, Radomski MW. Mechanisms of action of proteinase-activated receptor agonists on human platelets. Br J Pharmacol 2002; 135:1123-32. [PMID: 11877318 PMCID: PMC1573223 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
1. We studied the activation of human platelets by thrombin and proteinase activated receptor (PAR)-activating peptides (PAR-APs) [SFLLRNPNDKYEPF-amide (TRAP), TFLLR-amide (PAR1AP) and AYPGKF-amide (PAR4AP)]. 2. PAR agonist-induced platelet aggregation, glycoprotein (GP) Ib and GPIIb/IIIa surface expression and ADP release were measured by light aggregometry, flow cytometry and chemiluminescence. 3. Aggregation inhibitors, including prostacyclin (PGI(2)), nitric oxide-releasing agent (S-nitroso-glutathione, GSNO), aspirin, apyrase, and phenanthroline were used to study the susceptibility of PAR agonist-induced aggregation to pharmacological inhibition. 4. Thrombin was the most potent platelet agonist, followed by PAR1AP, TRAP and PAR4AP. 5. The aggregatory potencies of PAR-APs were not modified by the aminopeptidase inhibitor, amastatin. 6. Subthreshold concentrations of PAR1AP potentiated the effects of PAR4AP to stimulate maximal aggregation. 7. Both PGI(2) and GSNO reduced PAR agonist-induced aggregation and diminished GPIIb/IIIa up-regulation. 8. PAR agonist-induced aggregation was aspirin-insensitive indicating a minor role for TXA(2). 9. In contrast, phenanthroline and apyrase significantly enhanced the anti-aggregatory effects of aspirin against thrombin-, PAR1AP- and TRAP-induced aggregation suggesting the involvement of ADP- and MMP-2-dependent pathways. 10. PAR4AP-induced aggregation (but not PAR1AP-induced aggregation) was entirely ADP-dependent (abolished by apyrase) and resistant to phenanthroline (MMP-2-independent). 11. Thus, the mechanisms of PAR1 and 4-induced platelet aggregation are distinct and depend differentially on their ability to interact with pathways of aggregation, along with the subsequent activation of GPIIb/IIIa receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada W Y Chung
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Paul Jurasz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Morley D Hollenberg
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Marek W Radomski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
- Author for correspondence:
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