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Sex dependent alteration of epigenetic marks after chronic morphine treatment in mice organs. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 152:112200. [PMID: 33891991 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic marks may be also affected by several factors, such as age, lifestyle, early life experiences and exposure to chemicals or drugs, such as opioids. Previous studies have focused on how morphine epigenetically regulates different regions of the brain that are implicated in tolerance, dependence and other psychiatric disorders more related to the physio-pathological effects of opioids. Nevertheless, a significant knowledge gap remains regarding the effect of chronic treatment on other organs and biological systems. Therefore, the aim of this work is to increase our knowledge about the impact of chronic morphine exposure on DNA methylation and histone modification levels in each of the organs of male and female model mice in vivo. Our results reveal, for the first time, that chronic morphine treatment induced changes in DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation and histone modification in-vivo at the systemic level, revealing a potential physiological effect on the regulation of gene expression. Notably, morphine-induced epigenetic modification occurs in a sex-dependent manner, revealing the existence of different underlying mechanisms of epigenetic modification in male and female mice.
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Iida T, Yi H, Liu S, Ikegami D, Zheng W, Liu Q, Takahashi K, Kashiwagi Y, Goins WF, Glorioso JC, Hao S. MnSOD mediated by HSV vectors in the periaqueductal gray suppresses morphine withdrawal in rats. Gene Ther 2017; 24:314-324. [PMID: 28368370 PMCID: PMC9870211 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2017.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Morphine appears to be the most active metabolite of heroin; therefore, the effects of morphine are important in understanding the ramifications of heroin abuse. Opioid physical dependence (withdrawal response) may have very long-lasting effects on the motivation for reward, including the incubation of cue-induced drug-seeking behavior. However, the exact mechanisms of morphine withdrawal (MW) are not clear yet, and its treatment remains elusive. Periaqueductal gray (PAG) is one of the important sites in the pathogenesis of MW. Here, we used recombinant herpes simplex virus (HSV) vectors that encode the sod2 gene expressing manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) to evaluate its therapeutic potential in MW. Microinjection of HSV vectors expressing MnSOD into the PAG reduced the MW syndrome. MnSOD vectors suppressed the upregulated mitochondrial superoxide, and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers (glucose-related protein 78 (GRP78) and activating transcription factor 6 alpha (ATF6α)) in the PAG induced by MW. Immunostaining showed that mitochondrial superoxide, GRP78 and ATF6α were colocalized with neuronal nuclei (a neuronal-specific marker), suggesting that they are located in the neurons in the PAG. These results suggest that overexpression of MnSOD by HSV vectors may relieve opioid dependence. This study may provide a novel therapeutic approach to morphine physical withdrawal response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Iida
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - Hyun Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - Shue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - Daigo Ikegami
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - Wenwen Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - Qiaofeng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - Keiya Takahashi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - Yuta Kashiwagi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
| | - William F. Goins
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219
| | - Joseph C. Glorioso
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219
| | - Shuanglin Hao
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
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3
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IL-4 mediated by HSV vector suppresses morphine withdrawal response and decreases TNFα, NR2B, and pC/EBPβ in the periaqueductal gray in rats. Gene Ther 2017; 24:224-233. [DOI: 10.1038/gt.2017.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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4
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Involvement of opioid receptors in the systemic and peripheral antinociceptive actions of montelukast in the animal models of pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 779:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Listos J, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Wąsik A, Talarek S, Tarnowski M, Listos P, Łupina M, Antkiewicz-Michaluk L, Gutowska I, Tkacz M, Pilutin A, Orzelska-Górka J, Chlubek D, Fidecka S. The adenosinergic system is involved in sensitization to morphine withdrawal signs in rats-neurochemical and molecular basis in dopaminergic system. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:2383-97. [PMID: 27087433 PMCID: PMC4873537 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4289-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Experimental data informs that not only do the dose and time duration of dependent drugs affect the severity of withdrawal episodes. Previous withdrawal experiences may intensify this process, which is referred as sensitization to withdrawal signs. Adenosine and dopamine (DA) receptors may be involved in this sensitization. OBJECTIVES Rats were continuously and sporadically treated with increasing doses of morphine for 8 days. In rats, sporadically treated with morphine, morphine administration was modified by adding three morphine-free periods. Adenosine agonists were given during each of the morphine-free periods (six injections in total). On the 9th day, morphine was injected. One hour later, naloxone was administered to induce morphine withdrawal signs. Then, the animals were placed into cylinders and the number of jumpings was recorded. Next, the rats were decapitated and brain and brain structures (striatum, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex) were dissected for neurochemical, molecular, and immunohistochemical experiments within DAergic pathways. RESULTS We demonstrated that previous experiences of opioid withdrawal intensified subsequent withdrawal signs. Adenosine ligands attenuated the sensitization to withdrawal signs. In a neurochemical study, the release of DA and its metabolites was impaired in all structures. Significant alterations were also observed in mRNA and protein expression of DA receptors. CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrate that intermittent treatment with morphine induces alterations in the DAergic system which may be responsible for sensitization to morphine withdrawal signs. Although adenosine ligands attenuate this type of sensitization, they are not able to fully restore the physiological brain status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Listos
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wąsik
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12 St., 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Sylwia Talarek
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Maciej Tarnowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Listos
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Głęboka 30 St., 20-612, Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Łupina
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Lucyna Antkiewicz-Michaluk
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12 St., 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24 St., 71-460, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Tkacz
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Pilutin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Orzelska-Górka
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Sylwia Fidecka
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093, Lublin, Poland
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Stockton SD, Gomes I, Liu T, Moraje C, Hipólito L, Jones MR, Ma'ayan A, Morón JA, Li H, Devi LA. Morphine Regulated Synaptic Networks Revealed by Integrated Proteomics and Network Analysis. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:2564-76. [PMID: 26149443 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.047977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite its efficacy, the use of morphine for the treatment of chronic pain remains limited because of the rapid development of tolerance, dependence and ultimately addiction. These undesired effects are thought to be because of alterations in synaptic transmission and neuroplasticity within the reward circuitry including the striatum. In this study we used subcellular fractionation and quantitative proteomics combined with computational approaches to investigate the morphine-induced protein profile changes at the striatal postsynaptic density. Over 2,600 proteins were identified by mass spectrometry analysis of subcellular fractions enriched in postsynaptic density associated proteins from saline or morphine-treated striata. Among these, the levels of 34 proteins were differentially altered in response to morphine. These include proteins involved in G-protein coupled receptor signaling, regulation of transcription and translation, chaperones, and protein degradation pathways. The altered expression levels of several of these proteins was validated by Western blotting analysis. Using Genes2Fans software suite we connected the differentially expressed proteins with proteins identified within the known background protein-protein interaction network. This led to the generation of a network consisting of 116 proteins with 40 significant intermediates. To validate this, we confirmed the presence of three proteins predicted to be significant intermediates: caspase-3, receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 3 and NEDD4 (an E3-ubiquitin ligase identified as a neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 4). Because this morphine-regulated network predicted alterations in proteasomal degradation, we examined the global ubiquitination state of postsynaptic density proteins and found it to be substantially altered. Together, these findings suggest a role for protein degradation and for the ubiquitin/proteasomal system in the etiology of opiate dependence and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Stockton
- From the ‡Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, §Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, 10029
| | - Ivone Gomes
- From the ‡Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics
| | - Tong Liu
- ¶Center for Advanced Proteomic Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School Cancer Center, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, 07103
| | | | - Lucia Hipólito
- ‖Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, 10027
| | - Matthew R Jones
- From the ‡Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics
| | - Avi Ma'ayan
- From the ‡Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics
| | - Jose A Morón
- ‖Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, 10027
| | - Hong Li
- ¶Center for Advanced Proteomic Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School Cancer Center, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, 07103
| | - Lakshmi A Devi
- From the ‡Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, §Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, 10029;
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Fairbanks CA, Peterson CD, Speltz RH, Riedl MS, Kitto KF, Dykstra JA, Braun PD, Sadahiro M, Salton SR, Vulchanova L. The VGF-derived peptide TLQP-21 contributes to inflammatory and nerve injury-induced hypersensitivity. Pain 2014; 155:1229-1237. [PMID: 24657450 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
VGF (nonacronymic) is a granin-like protein that is packaged and proteolytically processed within the regulated secretory pathway. VGF and peptides derived from its processing have been implicated in neuroplasticity associated with learning, memory, depression, and chronic pain. In sensory neurons, VGF is rapidly increased following peripheral nerve injury and inflammation. Several bioactive peptides generated from the C-terminus of VGF have pronociceptive spinal effects. The goal of the present study was to examine the spinal effects of the peptide TLQP-21 and determine whether it participates in spinal mechanisms of persistent pain. Application of exogenous TLQP-21 induced dose-dependent thermal hyperalgesia in the warm-water immersion tail-withdrawal test. This hyperalgesia was inhibited by a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor, as well as inhibitors of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase. We used immunoneutralization of TLQP-21 to determine the function of the endogenous peptide in mechanisms underlying persistent pain. In mice injected intradermally with complete Freund adjuvant, intrathecal treatment with anti-TLQP-21 immediately prior to or 5hours after induction of inflammation dose-dependently inhibited tactile hypersensitivity and thermal hyperalgesia. Intrathecal anti-TL21 administration also attenuated the development and maintenance of tactile hypersensitivity in the spared nerve injury model of neuropathic pain. These results provide evidence that endogenous TLQP-21 peptide contributes to the mechanisms of spinal neuroplasticity after inflammation and nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A Fairbanks
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA Comparative and Molecular Biosciences Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
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Abstract
Opiates such as morphine and fentanyl, a major class of analgesics used in the clinical management of pain, exert their effects through the activation of opioid receptors. Opioids are among the most commonly prescribed and frequently abused drugs in the USA; however, the prolonged use of opiates often leads to the development of tolerance and addiction. Although blockade of opioid receptors with antagonists such as naltrexone and naloxone can lessen addictive impulses and facilitate recovery from overdose, systemic disruption of endogenous opioid receptor signalling through the use of these antagonistic drugs can have severe side effects. In the light of these challenges, current efforts have focused on identifying new therapeutic targets that selectively and specifically modulate opioid receptor signalling and function so as to achieve analgesia without the adverse effects associated with chronic opiate use. We have previously reported that opioid receptors interact with each other to form heteromeric complexes and that these interactions affect morphine signalling. Since chronic morphine administration leads to an enhanced level of these heteromers, these opioid receptor heteromeric complexes represent novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of pain and opiate addiction. In this review, we discuss the role of heteromeric opioid receptor complexes with a focus on mu opioid receptor (MOR) and delta opioid receptor (DOR) heteromers. We also highlight the evidence for altered pharmacological properties of opioid ligands and changes in ligand function resulting from the heteromer formation.
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9
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Spinal 12-lipoxygenase-derived hepoxilin A3 contributes to inflammatory hyperalgesia via activation of TRPV1 and TRPA1 receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:6721-6. [PMID: 22493235 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1110460109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral inflammation initiates changes in spinal nociceptive processing leading to hyperalgesia. Previously, we demonstrated that among 102 lipid species detected by LC-MS/MS analysis in rat spinal cord, the most notable increases that occur after intraplantar carrageenan are metabolites of 12-lipoxygenases (12-LOX), particularly hepoxilins (HXA(3) and HXB(3)). Thus, we examined involvement of spinal LOX enzymes in inflammatory hyperalgesia. In the current work, we found that intrathecal (IT) delivery of the LOX inhibitor nordihydroguaiaretic acid prevented the carrageenan-evoked increase in spinal HXB(3) at doses that attenuated the associated hyperalgesia. Furthermore, IT delivery of inhibitors targeting 12-LOX (CDC, Baicalein), but not 5-LOX (Zileuton) dose-dependently attenuated tactile allodynia. Similarly, IT delivery of 12-LOX metabolites of arachidonic acid 12(S)-HpETE, 12(S)-HETE, HXA(3), or HXB(3) evoked profound, persistent tactile allodynia, but 12(S)-HpETE and HXA(3) produced relatively modest, transient heat hyperalgesia. The pronociceptive effect of HXA(3) correlated with enhanced release of Substance P from primary sensory afferents. Importantly, HXA(3) triggered sustained mobilization of calcium in cells stably overexpressing TRPV1 or TRPA1 receptors and in acutely dissociated rodent sensory neurons. Constitutive deletion or antagonists of TRPV1 (AMG9810) or TRPA1 (HC030031) attenuated this action. Furthermore, pretreatment with antihyperalgesic doses of AMG9810 or HC030031 reduced spinal HXA(3)-evoked allodynia. These data indicate that spinal HXA(3) is increased by peripheral inflammation and promotes initiation of facilitated nociceptive processing through direct activation of TRPV1 and TRPA1 at central terminals.
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10
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Abul-Husn NS, Annangudi SP, Ma'ayan A, Ramos-Ortolaza DL, Stockton SD, Gomes I, Sweedler JV, Devi LA. Chronic morphine alters the presynaptic protein profile: identification of novel molecular targets using proteomics and network analysis. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25535. [PMID: 22043286 PMCID: PMC3197197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Opiates produce significant and persistent changes in synaptic transmission; knowledge of the proteins involved in these changes may help to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying opiate dependence. Using an integrated quantitative proteomics and systems biology approach, we explored changes in the presynaptic protein profile following a paradigm of chronic morphine administration that leads to the development of dependence. For this, we isolated presynaptic fractions from the striata of rats treated with saline or escalating doses of morphine, and analyzed the proteins in these fractions using differential isotopic labeling. We identified 30 proteins that were significantly altered by morphine and integrated them into a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network representing potential morphine-regulated protein complexes. Graph theory-based analysis of this network revealed clusters of densely connected and functionally related morphine-regulated clusters of proteins. One of the clusters contained molecular chaperones thought to be involved in regulation of neurotransmission. Within this cluster, cysteine-string protein (CSP) and the heat shock protein Hsc70 were downregulated by morphine. Interestingly, Hsp90, a heat shock protein that normally interacts with CSP and Hsc70, was upregulated by morphine. Moreover, treatment with the selective Hsp90 inhibitor, geldanamycin, decreased the somatic signs of naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal, suggesting that Hsp90 upregulation at the presynapse plays a role in the expression of morphine dependence. Thus, integration of proteomics, network analysis, and behavioral studies has provided a greater understanding of morphine-induced alterations in synaptic composition, and identified a potential novel therapeutic target for opiate dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura S. Abul-Husn
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Suresh P. Annangudi
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urban-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Avi Ma'ayan
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Dinah L. Ramos-Ortolaza
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Steven D. Stockton
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ivone Gomes
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jonathan V. Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urban-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Lakshmi A. Devi
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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11
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Hao S, Liu S, Zheng X, Zheng W, Ouyang H, Mata M, Fink DJ. The role of TNFα in the periaqueductal gray during naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal in rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 2011; 36:664-76. [PMID: 21068718 PMCID: PMC3055683 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2010.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tolerance and dependence are common complications of long-term treatment of pain with opioids, which substantially limit the long-term use of these drugs. The mechanisms underlying these phenomena are poorly understood. Studies have implicated the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) in the pathogenesis of morphine withdrawal, and recent evidence suggests that proinflammatory cytokines in the PAG may play an important role in morphine withdrawal. Here we report that chronic morphine withdrawal-induced upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) in the caudal ventrolateral PAG (vlPAG). Microinjection of recombinant TNFα into the vlPAG followed by intraperitoneal naloxone resulted in morphine withdrawal-like behavioral signs, and upregulation of pERK1/2, expression of Fos, and phosphorylation of cAMP response element binding (pCREB) protein. We used a herpes simplex virus (HSV)-based vector expressing p55 soluble TNF receptor (sTNFR) microinjected into the PAG to examine the role of the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα in the PAG in the naloxone-precipitated withdrawal response. Microinjection of HSV vector expressing sTNFR into the PAG before the start of morphine treatment significantly reduced the naloxone-precipitated withdrawal behavioral response and downregulated the expression of GFAP and TNFα in astrocytes of the PAG. TNFR type I colocalized with neuronal pERK1/2. Microinjection of HSV vector expressing sTNFR into the PAG also significantly reduced the phosphorylation of both ERK1/2 and CREB, and reduced Fos immunoreactivity in neurons of the PAG following naloxone-precipitated withdrawal. These results support the concept that proinflammatory cytokines expressed in astrocytes in the PAG may play an important role in the pathogenesis of morphine withdrawal response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglin Hao
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Shue Liu
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xuexing Zheng
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wenwen Zheng
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Handong Ouyang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marina Mata
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David J Fink
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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12
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Hepatoma-derived growth factor promotes the resistance to anti-tumor effects of nordihydroguaiaretic acid in colorectal cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 645:55-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Panneerselvam M, Tsutsumi YM, Bonds JA, Horikawa YT, Saldana M, Dalton ND, Head BP, Patel PM, Roth DM, Patel HH. Dark chocolate receptors: epicatechin-induced cardiac protection is dependent on delta-opioid receptor stimulation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 299:H1604-9. [PMID: 20833967 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00073.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Epicatechin, a flavonoid, is a well-known antioxidant linked to a variety of protective effects in both humans and animals. In particular, its role in protection against cardiovascular disease has been demonstrated by epidemiologic studies. Low-dose epicatechin, which does not have significant antioxidant activity, is also protective; however, the mechanism by which low-dose epicatechin induces this effect is unknown. Our laboratory tested the hypothesis that low-dose epicatechin mediates cardiac protection via opioid receptor activation. C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to 1 of 10 groups: control, epicatechin, naloxone (nonselective opioid receptor antagonist), epicatechin + naloxone, naltrindole (δ-specific opioid receptor antagonist), epicatechin + naltrindole, norbinaltorphimine (nor-BNI, κ-specific opioid receptor antagonist), epicatechin + nor-BNI, 5-hydroxydecanoic acid [5-HD, ATP-sensitive potassium channel antagonist], and epicatechin + 5-HD. Epicatechin (1 mg/kg) or other inhibitors (5 mg/kg) were administered by oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection, respectively, daily for 10 days. Mice were subjected to 30 min coronary artery occlusion followed by 2 h of reperfusion, and infarct size was determined via planimetry. Whole heart homogenates were assayed for downstream opioid receptor signaling targets. Infarct size was significantly reduced in epicatechin- and epicatechin + nor-BNI-treated mice compared with control mice. This protection was blocked by naloxone, naltrindole, and 5-HD. Epicatechin and epicatechin + nor-BNI increased the phosphorylation of Src, Akt, and IκBα, while simultaneously decreasing the expression of c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase and caspase-activated DNase. All signaling effects are consistent with opioid receptor stimulation and subsequent cardiac protection. Naloxone, naltrindole, and 5-HD attenuated these effects. In conclusion, epicatechin acts via opioid receptors and more specifically through the δ-opioid receptor to produce cardiac protection from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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14
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Hasegawa S, Kohro Y, Shiratori M, Ishii S, Shimizu T, Tsuda M, Inoue K. Role of PAF receptor in proinflammatory cytokine expression in the dorsal root ganglion and tactile allodynia in a rodent model of neuropathic pain. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10467. [PMID: 20454616 PMCID: PMC2862737 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 04/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is a highly debilitating chronic pain following damage to peripheral sensory neurons and is often resistant to all treatments currently available, including opioids. We have previously shown that peripheral nerve injury induces activation of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) in injured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons that contribute to tactile allodynia, a hallmark of neuropathic pain. However, lipid mediators downstream of cPLA(2) activation to produce tactile allodynia remain to be determined. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here we provide evidence that platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potential candidate. Pharmacological blockade of PAF receptors (PAFRs) reduced the development and expression of tactile allodynia following nerve injury. The expression of PAFR mRNA was increased in the DRG ipsilateral to nerve injury, which was seen mainly in macrophages. Furthermore, mice lacking PAFRs showed a reduction of nerve injury-induced tactile allodynia and, interestingly, a marked suppression of upregulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) expression in the injured DRG, crucial proinflammatory cytokines involved in pain hypersensitivity. Conversely, a single injection of PAF near the DRG of naïve rats caused a decrease in the paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimulation in a dose-dependent manner and an increase in the expression of mRNAs for TNFalpha and IL-1beta, both of which were inhibited by pretreatment with a PAFR antagonist. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the PAF/PAFR system has an important role in production of TNFalpha and IL-1beta in the DRG and tactile allodynia following peripheral nerve injury and suggest that blocking PAFRs may be a viable therapeutic strategy for treating neuropathic pain.
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MESH Headings
- 1-Acylglycerol-3-Phosphate O-Acyltransferase/metabolism
- Animals
- Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Ganglia, Spinal/drug effects
- Ganglia, Spinal/enzymology
- Ganglia, Spinal/pathology
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Injections
- Interleukin-1beta/genetics
- Interleukin-1beta/metabolism
- Lipoxygenase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Mice
- Models, Biological
- Pain/metabolism
- Pain/pathology
- Peripheral Nerve Injuries
- Peripheral Nerves/drug effects
- Peripheral Nerves/pathology
- Platelet Activating Factor/pharmacology
- Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins/deficiency
- Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Rats
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/deficiency
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid/metabolism
- Touch/drug effects
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Hasegawa
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuta Kohro
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miho Shiratori
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Tsuda
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Inoue
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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15
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Pharmacological modulation of leukotriene D4 attenuates the development of opioid dependence in a mouse model of naloxone-induced opioid withdrawal syndrome. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 598:51-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2008] [Revised: 09/04/2008] [Accepted: 09/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Liu WT, Li HC, Song XS, Huang ZJ, Song XJ. EphB receptor signaling in mouse spinal cord contributes to physical dependence on morphine. FASEB J 2008; 23:90-8. [PMID: 18772347 DOI: 10.1096/fj.08-114462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying opioid tolerance and dependence remain elusive. We investigated roles of EphB receptor tyrosine kinases--which play important roles in synaptic connection and plasticity during development and in the matured nervous system--in development and maintenance of physical dependence on morphine in the mouse spinal cord (SC). Spinal administration of an EphB receptor blocking reagent EphB2-Fc prevents and/or suppresses behavioral responses to morphine withdrawal and associated induction of c-Fos and depletion of calcitonin gene-related peptide. Western blotting and immunohistochemical fluorescence staining demonstrates that EphB1 receptor protein is significantly up-regulated in the spinal dorsal horn following escalating morphine treatment. Chronic morphine exposure and withdrawal significantly increased phosphorylation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit NR2B as well as the activated forms of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and the cAMP response element binding protein in SC. The increased levels of phosphorylation of these molecules, however, are significantly inhibited by the EphB receptor blocker. These findings indicate that EphB receptor signaling, probably by interacting with NR2B in SC, contributes to the development of opioid physical dependence and withdrawal effects. This novel role for EphB receptor signaling suggests that these molecules may be useful therapeutic targets for preventing, minimizing, or reversing the development of opiate dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, Parker University Research Institute, 2500 Walnut Hill Lane, Dallas, TX 75229, USA
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17
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Hao S, Hu J, Fink DJ. Transgene-mediated enkephalin expression attenuates signs of naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal in rats with neuropathic pain. Behav Brain Res 2008; 197:84-9. [PMID: 18761380 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2008.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2008] [Revised: 07/30/2008] [Accepted: 08/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic morphine exposure induces physical dependence and tolerance. Previous studies have shown that there is a decrease in met-enkephalin levels in states of morphine physical dependence, and that increasing enkephalin during opiate physical withdrawal ameliorates the severity of the morphine withdrawal syndrome. In order to investigate the role of spinal opioid peptide in the phenomenon of naloxone-precipitated withdrawal we examined the effect of herpes simplex virus vector-mediated overexpression of proenkephalin in lumbar dorsal root ganglia in rats with neuropathic pain treated with morphine. The morphine physical dependence was induced by chronic administration of intraperitoneal (IP) morphine for 2 weeks. Rats with neuropathic pain inoculated subcutaneously with the vector-mediated overexpression of proenkephalin showed a significant reduction in jumps, 'wet-dog' shakes, diarrhea and ptosis precipitated by naloxone after 2 weeks of morphine treatment. The global withdrawal score was also reduced significantly by vector-mediated overexpression of proenkephalin. These studies demonstrate a role for opioid peptide in the spinal cord in mediating some of the withdrawal response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglin Hao
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan and Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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18
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New nordihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives as anti-HIV agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:1884-8. [PMID: 18321703 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2007] [Revised: 02/01/2008] [Accepted: 02/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of nordihydroguaiaretic acid with various alkyl chloride, 1-piperidinecarbonyl chloride, methyl chloroformate, or 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole under alkaline conditions produced the corresponding phenol ethers, carbamates and carbonates, respectively, in 67-83% yields. Among these derivatives, the nitrogen-containing compounds were converted to the corresponding hydrochloride salts. Having good solubility, these NDGA derivatives were found stable in aqueous solution. These new compounds exerted appealing activity against HIV Tat-regulated transactivation in human epithelial cells. The most potent compound meso-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-bis(3,4-[2-(piperdino)ethoxyphenyl])butane tetrakishydrochloride salt (5b) showed IC(50) value of 0.88 microM.
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19
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Trang T, Ma W, Chabot JG, Quirion R, Jhamandas K. Spinal modulation of calcitonin gene-related peptide by endocannabinoids in the development of opioid physical dependence. Pain 2006; 126:256-71. [PMID: 16935424 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2006.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2006] [Revised: 06/12/2006] [Accepted: 07/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Studies implicate endocannabinoids in the acute and chronic actions of opioid drugs, including the genesis of physical dependence. Previous evidence suggests that spinal release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and activation of its receptors contribute to opioid physical dependence. The release of CGRP at the spinal level is modulated by cannabinoid (CB1)-receptors. Thus, this study examined whether CB1-receptor activity mediates changes in CGRP underlying development of opioid physical dependence. Systemic morphine administration for 5-days elevated CGRP-immunoreactivity in the rat spinal dorsal horn. In situ hybridization of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons revealed an increase in CGRP mRNA during initial (day 1-3) but not later phase (day 4-5) of morphine treatment. CGRP-immunoreactivity in DRG neurons, however, was increased in the later phase of morphine treatment. Naloxone challenge to morphine-treated animals precipitated an intense withdrawal syndrome that depleted CGRP-immunoreactivity and increased Fos expression in the dorsal horn. The Fos-response primarily occurred in neurons that expressed CGRP receptor component protein (RCP) suggesting CGRP activity contributes to neuronal activation during precipitated withdrawal. Spinal slices obtained from morphine-treated animals showed higher levels of CGRP release than from saline controls. Intrathecal co-administration of CB1-receptor antagonists, AM-251 or SR141716A, with daily morphine attenuated the behavioral manifestations of withdrawal. Treatment with AM-251 also reduced the depletion of CGRP, suppressed Fos-induction, and prevented the increase in capsaicin-evoked spinal CGRP release. Altogether, this study suggests that endocannabinoid activity, expressed via CB1-receptors, contributes to the induction of opioid physical dependence through spinal modulation of CGRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Trang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Anesthesiology, Queen's University Kingston, Ont., Canada K7L 3N6
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20
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Cao JL, Liu HL, Wang JK, Zeng YM. Cross talk between nitric oxide and ERK1/2 signaling pathway in the spinal cord mediates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal in morphine-dependent rats. Neuropharmacology 2006; 51:315-26. [PMID: 16712881 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2006] [Revised: 03/19/2006] [Accepted: 03/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Our recent study has shown activation of spinal extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1 and -2 (ERK1/2), a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, contributes to naloxone-precipitated withdrawal and withdrawal-induced spinal neuronal sensitization in morphine-dependent rats. However, the mechanism and significance of the spinal ERK1/2 activation during morphine dependence and withdrawal remain unknown. In this study, we reported that intrathecal (i.t.) pretreatment with either the non-selective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), neuronal NOS (nNOS) inhibitor 7-nitro indazole (7-NI), or the inducible NOS (iNOS) inhibitor aminoguanidine (AG), could reduce morphine withdrawal-induced increase of phospho-ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) expression in the rat spinal cord. On the other hand, attenuation of the spinal ERK phosphorylation by the MAPK kinase (MEK) inhibitor U0126 also could inhibit the increase of nNOS and iNOS expression in the spinal cord of morphine withdrawal rats. Inhibitory expression of pERK1/2 by i.t. NOS inhibitor L-NAME, 7-NI or AG and of nNOS and iNOS by i.t. U0126 in the spinal cord were accompanied by decreased scores of morphine withdrawal and the inhibited spinal Fos protein (a maker for neuronal excitation or activation) expression induced by morphine withdrawal. These findings suggest cross talk between nitric oxide (NO) and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway mediates morphine withdrawal and withdrawal-induced spinal neuronal sensitization in morphine-dependent rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Li Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu Institute of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China.
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21
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Sepehri G, . VS, . FB, . RF. Proposal of a New Modified Injection Method for Development of Morphine Dependency in Male Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2006. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2006.177.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Cao JL, He JH, Ding HL, Zeng YM. Activation of the spinal ERK signaling pathway contributes naloxone-precipitated withdrawal in morphine-dependent rats. Pain 2005; 118:336-349. [PMID: 16289800 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2005.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2005] [Revised: 08/14/2005] [Accepted: 09/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), a mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), transduces a broad range of extracellular stimuli into diverse intracellular responses. Recent studies have showed that ERK activation in the supraspinal level involved in the development of drug dependence, especially in psychological dependence. In this study, we reported that the spinal ERK signaling pathway was activated by chronic morphine injection. There was a further increase in ERK activation after naloxone-precipitated withdrawal. Furthermore, attenuation of the spinal ERK phosphorylation by intrathecal a MAPK kinase (MEK) inhibitor U0126 or knockdown of the spinal ERK by antisense oligonucleotides not only decreased the scores of morphine withdrawal, but also attenuated withdrawal-induced allodynia, which were accompanied by decreased ERK phosphorylation in the spinal cord. The spinal ERK inhibition or knockdown also reduced morphine withdrawal-induced phosphorylation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), which is one of the important downstream substrates of ERK pathway, and Fos expression. The involvement of the spinal ERK in morphine withdrawal was supported by our finding that intrathecal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist MK-801 or protein kinase C inhibitor chelerythrine chloride suppressed withdrawal-induced ERK activation in the spinal cord and attenuated morphine withdrawal symptoms. These findings suggest activation of the spinal ERK signaling pathway contributes naloxone-precipitated withdrawal in morphine-dependent rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Li Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, 99 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou 221002, People's Republic of China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Institute of Anesthesiology, 99 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou 221002, People's Republic of China Department of Physiology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9040, USA
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23
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Trang T, Quirion R, Jhamandas K. The spinal basis of opioid tolerance and physical dependence: Involvement of calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P, and arachidonic acid-derived metabolites. Peptides 2005; 26:1346-55. [PMID: 16042975 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2005.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic opioid use in the management of pain is limited by development of analgesic tolerance and physical dependence. The mechanisms underlying tolerance-dependence are not entirely clear, however, recent evidence suggests that spinal adaptations leading to increased activity of sensory neuropeptides (calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P) and their downstream signaling messengers derived from metabolism of arachidonic acid: prostaglandins (PG), lipoxygenase (LOX) metabolites, and endocannabinoids, plays an important role in this phenomenon. In this communication we review the evidence implicating these factors in the induction and expression of opioid tolerance and physical dependence at the spinal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Trang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada K7L 3N6
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24
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Abstract
This paper is the 26th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It summarizes papers published during 2003 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurologic disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration and thermoregulation (Section 16); and immunological responses (Section 17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology, Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA.
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25
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Trang T, McNaull B, Quirion R, Jhamandas K. Involvement of spinal lipoxygenase metabolites in hyperalgesia and opioid tolerance. Eur J Pharmacol 2004; 491:21-30. [PMID: 15102529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2003] [Revised: 03/02/2004] [Accepted: 03/05/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated role of spinal lipoxygenase metabolites in induction of hyperalgesia and development of opioid analgesic tolerance. In the rat, nociception was measured using formalin and tail-flick tests. Intrathecal administration of leukotriene receptor agonist (LTB4) augmented the second phase of the formalin response and marginally increased sensitivity to acute thermal stimulation in the tail-flick test, responses suppressed by 6-(6-(3R-hydroxy-1E,5Z-undecadien-1-yl)-2-pyridinyl)-1,5S-hexanediol (U75302), a leukotriene BLT receptor antagonist. Treatment with 15-hydroxyperoxyeicosatetranoic acid (HPETE) increased phase II formalin activity, but had no effect on tail-flick responses. 12-HPETE failed to produce an effect in either nociceptive test. In the second part of this study, chronic spinal morphine for 5 days produced progressive decline in morphine antinociception and loss in analgesic potency. These effects were attenuated by co-administration of morphine with selective and nonselective lipoxygenase inhibitors. These results suggest involvement of lipoxygenase metabolites in both pain modulation and induction of opioid tolerance at the spinal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Trang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6
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26
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Huang JK, Chen WC, Huang CJ, Hsu SS, Chen JS, Cheng HH, Chang HT, Jiann BP, Jan CR. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid-induced Ca2+ handling and cytotoxicity in human prostate cancer cells. Life Sci 2004; 75:2341-51. [PMID: 15350831 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2004.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2003] [Accepted: 04/21/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), a compound commonly used as a lipoxygenases inhibitor, on intracellular free Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i) in PC3 human prostate cancer cells was investigated. [Ca2+]i was measured by using the Ca2+ -sensitive dye fura-2. NDGA increased [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner with an EC50 of 30 microM. The Ca2+ signal comprised a gradual and sustained increase. Removal of extracellular Ca2+ partly decreased the NDGA-induced [Ca2+]i increase, suggesting that the Ca2+ signal was due to both extracellular Ca2+ influx and intracellular Ca2+ release. NDGA-induced Ca2+ influx was independently confirmed by measuring NDGA-induced Mn2+ -coupled quench of fura-2 fluorescence. The NDGA-induced Ca2+ influx was not affected by L-type Ca2+ channel blockers. In Ca2+ -free medium, the NDGA-induced [Ca2+]i increase was abolished by pretreatment with 1 microM thapsigargin (an endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump inhibitor), and conversely, pretreatment with NDGA abolished thapsigargin-induced [Ca2+]i increase. NDGA-induced intracellular Ca2+ release was not altered by inhibition of phospholipase C. Overnight treatment with 20-50 microM NDGA inhibited cell proliferation rate in a concentration-dependent manner. Several other lipoxygenases inhibitors did not alter [Ca2+]i. Collectively, this study shows that in prostate cells, NDGA induced a [Ca2+]i increase via releasing stored Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum in a manner independent of phospholipase C activity, and by causing Ca2+ influx. NDGA also caused cytotoxicity at higher concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Khing Huang
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan 813
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