1
|
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) regeneration is the remarkable process by which extremely rare, normally inactive cells of the bone marrow can replace an entire organ if called to do so by injury or harnessed by transplantation. HSC research is arguably the first quantitative single-cell science and the foundation of adult stem cell biology. Bone marrow transplant is the oldest and most refined technique of regenerative medicine. Here we review the intertwined history of the discovery of HSCs and bone marrow transplant, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of HSC self-renewal, and the use of HSCs and their derivatives for cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitch Biermann
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Tannishtha Reya
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu H, Lee JI, Ahn TG. Effect of quercetin on the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin in EMT6 breast tumor-bearing mice. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2019; 62:242-248. [PMID: 31338341 PMCID: PMC6629990 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.2019.62.4.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of quercetin on the antitumor activity of cisplatin and its side-effects. METHODS EMT6 cells, a mouse breast cancer cell line, were injected subcutaneously in mice to generate a breast tumor-bearing mouse model. Experimental groups were divided into four groups: control (C), quercetin (Q), cisplatin (CP), and cisplatin+quercetin (CP+Q). RESULTS The tumor volume of the CP+Q group was significantly lower than that of the CP group. Serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels in the CP+Q group were lower than those in the CP group. Renal γ-glutamyltranspeptidase and alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly higher in the CP+Q group than in the CP group, and the content of renal thiobarbituric acid reactive substance was significantly lower in the CP+Q group than that in the CP group. These results suggested that quercetin and cisplatin synergistically increased cellular toxicity in breast cancer cells and mediated cancer growth inhibition, thereby enhancing the antitumor effect of cisplatin compared to when only cisplatin was administered. Quercetin also reduced renal toxicity, which arose as a potential a side effect of cisplatin. CONCLUSION The enhanced antitumor effect of cisplatin and decreased renal toxicity after quercetin treatment suggested the applicability of quercetin as an adjuvant for chemotherapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jung In Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Tae-Gyu Ahn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
|
4
|
Passweg JR, Baldomero H, Bader P, Bonini C, Cesaro S, Dreger P, Duarte RF, Dufour C, Kuball J, Farge-Bancel D, Gennery A, Kröger N, Lanza F, Nagler A, Sureda A, Mohty M. Impact of drug development on the use of stem cell transplantation: a report by the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT). Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 52:191-196. [PMID: 27819687 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is used with increasing frequency in Europe with 40 000 transplants reported in 2014. Transplant-related mortality remains high in allogeneic HSCT (10-20%); high-dose chemotherapy is toxic and demanding for patients. Drug development is accelerating and with limited toxicity of some targeted drugs may replace HSCT, whereas others may function as a 'bridge to transplant'. We analyzed HSCT reported to the activity survey for selected diseases in which major advances in drug development have been made. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors markedly changed the number of allogeneic HSCT in early CML. In myelodysplastic syndromes, hypomethylating agents show no effect on HSCT activity and Janus kinase inhibitors for myeloproliferative neoplasm appear to have only a temporary effect. For CLL autologous HSCT decreased after publication of trials showing improved PFS but no overall survival advantage and allogeneic rates are dropping after the introduction of Bruton kinase and PI3K Inhibitors. Whether these are 'game changers' as was imatinib for CML requires additional follow-up. For myeloma, proteasome inhibitors and new immunomodulatory drugs do not appear to impact transplant rates. Drug development data show different effects on HSCT use; highly effective drugs may replace HSCT, whereas other drugs may improve the patient's condition to allow for HSCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J R Passweg
- EBMT Activity Survey Office, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - H Baldomero
- EBMT Activity Survey Office, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - P Bader
- Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - C Bonini
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - S Cesaro
- Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, Policlinico GB Rossi, Verona, Italy
| | - P Dreger
- Medizinische Klinik V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R F Duarte
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Dufour
- Hematology Unit, G Gaslini Children's Institute, Genova, Italy
| | - J Kuball
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D Farge-Bancel
- Service de Médecine Interne, Maladies auto-immunes et pathologie vasculaire, Hôpital St Louis, Paris, France
| | - A Gennery
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
| | - N Kröger
- University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - F Lanza
- Hematology and BMT Unit, University Hospital of Ravenna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - A Nagler
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - A Sureda
- Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospital Duran I Reynals, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Mohty
- Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Niederwieser D, Baldomero H, Szer J, Gratwohl M, Aljurf M, Atsuta Y, Bouzas LF, Confer D, Greinix H, Horowitz M, Iida M, Lipton J, Mohty M, Novitzky N, Nunez J, Passweg J, Pasquini MC, Kodera Y, Apperley J, Seber A, Gratwohl A. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation activity worldwide in 2012 and a SWOT analysis of the Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group including the global survey. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 51:778-85. [PMID: 26901703 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Data on 68 146 hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCTs) (53% autologous and 47% allogeneic) gathered by 1566 teams from 77 countries and reported through their regional transplant organizations were analyzed by main indication, donor type and stem cell source for the year 2012. With transplant rates ranging from 0.1 to 1001 per 10 million inhabitants, more HSCTs were registered from unrelated 16 433 donors than related 15 493 donors. Grafts were collected from peripheral blood (66%), bone marrow (24%; mainly non-malignant disorders) and cord blood (10%). Compared with 2006, an increase of 46% total (57% allogeneic and 38% autologous) was observed. Growth was due to an increase in reporting teams (18%) and median transplant activity/team (from 38 to 48 HSCTs/team). An increase of 167% was noted in mismatched/haploidentical family HSCT. A Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) analysis revealed the global perspective of WBMT to be its major strength and identified potential to be the key professional body for patients and authorities. The limited data collection remains its major weakness and threat. In conclusion, global HSCT grows over the years without plateauing (allogeneic>autologous) and at different rates in the four World Health Organization regions. Major increases were observed in allogeneic, haploidentical HSCT and, to a lesser extent, in cord blood transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Niederwieser
- The Worldwide Network of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (WBMT) Transplant Activity Survey Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - H Baldomero
- The Worldwide Network of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (WBMT) Transplant Activity Survey Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Szer
- The Australasian Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient Registry (ABMTRR), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - M Gratwohl
- Institute for Operations Research and Computational Finances, University of St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - M Aljurf
- The Eastern Mediterranean Blood and Marrow Transplant Group (EMBMT), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Y Atsuta
- Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Nagoya, Japan
| | - L F Bouzas
- The Latin American Blood and Marrow Transplant Group (LABMT), Instituto Nacional de Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D Confer
- National Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - H Greinix
- Medical University of Graz, Division of Hematology, Graz, Austria
| | - M Horowitz
- The Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - M Iida
- The Asian Pacific Blood and Marrow Transplant Group (APBMT) Data Centre, Aichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - J Lipton
- The Canadian Blood and Marrow Transplant Group (CBMTG), Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Mohty
- The European Blood and Marrow Transplant Group (EBMT), Hôpital St Antoine, St Antoine, Paris
| | - N Novitzky
- The African Blood and Marrow Transplant Group (AFBMT), Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - J Nunez
- The World Health Organization WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Passweg
- The Worldwide Network of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (WBMT) Transplant Activity Survey Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M C Pasquini
- The Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Y Kodera
- Aichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - J Apperley
- Department of Hematology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Seber
- Department of Pediatric, Hospital Samaritano, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Gratwohl
- The Worldwide Network of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (WBMT) Transplant Activity Survey Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Walker ND, Patel J, Munoz JL, Hu M, Guiro K, Sinha G, Rameshwar P. The bone marrow niche in support of breast cancer dormancy. Cancer Lett 2015; 380:263-71. [PMID: 26546045 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite the success in detecting breast cancer (BC) early and, with aggressive therapeutic intervention, BC remains a clinical problem. The bone marrow (BM) is a favorable metastatic site for breast cancer cells (BCCs). In BM, the survival of BCCs is partly achieved by the supporting microenvironment, including the presence of immune suppressive cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The heterogeneity of BCCs brings up the question of how each subset interacts with the BM microenvironment. The cancer stem cells (CSCs) survive in the BM as cycling quiescence cells and, forming gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) with the hematopoietic supporting stromal cells and MSCs. This type of communication has been identified close to the endosteum. Additionally, dormancy can occur by soluble mediators such as cytokines and also by the exchange of exosomes. These latter mechanisms are reviewed in the context of metastasis of BC to the BM for transition as dormant cells. The article also discusses how immune cells such as macrophages and regulatory T-cells facilitate BC dormancy. The challenges of studying BC dormancy in 2-dimensional (2-D) system are also incorporated by proposing 3-D system by engineering methods to recapitulate the BM microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nykia D Walker
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jimmy Patel
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jessian L Munoz
- Ob/Gyn and Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Madeleine Hu
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Khadidiatou Guiro
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Garima Sinha
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
One million haemopoietic stem-cell transplants: a retrospective observational study. LANCET HAEMATOLOGY 2015; 2:e91-100. [PMID: 26687803 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(15)00028-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transplantation of cells, tissues, and organs has been recognised by WHO as an important medical task for its member states; however, information about how to best organise transplantation is scarce. We aimed to document the activity worldwide from the beginning of transplantation and search for region adapted indications and associations between transplant rates and macroeconomics. METHODS Between Jan 1, 2006, and Dec 31, 2014, the Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation collected data for the evolution of haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) activity and volunteer donors in the 194 WHO member states. FINDINGS 953,651 HSCTs (553,350 [58%] autologous and 400,301 [42%] allogeneic) were reported by 1516 transplant centres from 75 countries. No transplants were done in countries with fewer than 300,000 inhabitants, a surface area less than 700 km(2), and a gross national income per person of US$1260 or lower. Use of HSCT increased from the first transplant in 1957 to almost 10,000 by 1985. We recorded a cumulative total of about 100,000 transplants by 1995, and an estimated 1 million by December, 2012. Unrelated donor registries contributed 22·3 million typed volunteer donors and 645,646 cord blood products by 2012. Numbers of allogeneic HSCTs increased in the past 35 years with no signs of saturation (R(2)=0·989). Transplant rates were higher in countries with more resources, more transplant teams, and an unrelated donor infrastructure. INTERPRETATION Our findings show achievements and high unmet needs and give guidance for decisions; to grant access for patients, to provide a donor infrastructure, and to limit overuse by defining risk and region adapted indications for HSCT as an efficient and cost-effective approach for life-threatening, potentially curable diseases. FUNDING Funding for this study was indirectly provided by support of the WBMT.
Collapse
|
8
|
Henig I, Zuckerman T. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-50 years of evolution and future perspectives. Rambam Maimonides Med J 2014; 5:e0028. [PMID: 25386344 PMCID: PMC4222417 DOI: 10.5041/rmmj.10162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a highly specialized and unique medical procedure. Autologous transplantation allows the administration of high-dose chemotherapy without prolonged bone marrow aplasia. In allogeneic transplantation, donor-derived stem cells provide alloimmunity that enables a graft-versus-tumor effect to eradicate residual disease and prevent relapse. The first allogeneic transplantation was performed by E. Donnall Thomas in 1957. Since then the field has evolved and expanded worldwide. New indications beside acute leukemia and aplastic anemia have been constantly explored and now include congenital disorders of the hematopoietic system, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune disease. The use of matched unrelated donors, umbilical cord blood units, and partially matched related donors has dramatically extended the availability of allogeneic transplantation. Transplant-related mortality has decreased due to improved supportive care, including better strategies to prevent severe infections and with the incorporation of reduced-intensity conditioning protocols that lowered the toxicity and allowed for transplantation in older patients. However, disease relapse and graft-versus-host disease remain the two major causes of mortality with unsatisfactory progress. Intense research aiming to improve adoptive immunotherapy and increase graft-versus-leukemia response while decreasing graft-versus-host response might bring the next breakthrough in allogeneic transplantation. Strategies of graft manipulation, tumor-associated antigen vaccinations, monoclonal antibodies, and adoptive cellular immunotherapy have already proved clinically efficient. In the following years, allogeneic transplantation is likely to become more complex, more individualized, and more efficient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Israel Henig
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tsila Zuckerman
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel ; Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ahmed SOA, Ghavamzadeh A, Zaidi SZ, Baldomero H, Pasquini MC, Hussain F, Alimoghaddam K, Almohareb F, Ayas M, Hamidieh A, Mahmoud HK, Elhaddad A, Ben Othman T, Abdelkefi A, Sarhan M, Abdel-Rahman F, Adil S, Alkindi S, Bazarbachi A, Benchekroun S, Niederwieser D, Horowitz M, Gratwohl A, El Solh H, Aljurf M. Trends of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the Eastern Mediterranean region, 1984-2007. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2011; 17:1352-61. [PMID: 21440654 PMCID: PMC3371191 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2011.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) activity was surveyed in the 9 countries in the World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean region that reported transplantation activity. Between the years of 1984 and 2007, 7933 transplantations were performed. The number of HSCTs per year has continued to increase, with a plateau in allogeneic HSCT (allo-HSCT) between 2005 and 2007. Overall, a greater proportion of transplantations were allo-HSCT (n = 5761, 77%) compared with autologous HSCT (ASCT) (n = 2172, 23%). Of 5761 allo-HSCT, acute leukemia constituted the main indication (n = 2124, 37%). There was a significant proportion of allo-HSCT for bone marrow failures (n = 1001, 17%) and hemoglobinopathies (n = 885, 15%). The rate of unrelated donor transplantations remained low, with only 2 matched unrelated donor allo-HSCTs reported. One hundred umbilical cord blood transplantations were reported (0.017% of allo-HSCT). Peripheral blood stem cells were the main source of graft in allo-HSCT, and peripheral blood stem cells increasingly constitute the main source of hematopoietic stem cells overall. Reduced-intensity conditioning was utilized in 5.7% of allografts over the surveyed period. ASCT numbers continue to increase. There has been a shift in the indication for ASCT from acute leukemia to lymphoproliferative disorders (45%), followed by myeloma (26%). The survey reflects transplantation activity according to the unique health settings of this region. Notable differences in transplantation practices as reported to the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation over recent years are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed O A Ahmed
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Berry DA, Ueno NT, Johnson MM, Lei X, Caputo J, Smith DA, Yancey LJ, Crump M, Stadtmauer EA, Biron P, Crown JP, Schmid P, Lotz JP, Rosti G, Bregni M, Demirer T. High-dose chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in metastatic breast cancer: overview of six randomized trials. J Clin Oncol 2011; 29:3224-31. [PMID: 21768454 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.32.5936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE High doses of effective chemotherapy are compelling if they can be delivered safely. Substantial interest in supporting high-dose chemotherapy with bone marrow or autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in the 1980s and 1990s led to the initiation of randomized trials to evaluate its effect in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. METHODS We identified six randomized trials in metastatic breast cancer that evaluated high doses of chemotherapy with transplant support versus a control regimen without stem-cell support. We assembled a single database containing individual patient information from these trials. The primary analysis of overall survival was a log-rank test comparing high dose versus control. We also used Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusting for known covariates. We addressed potential treatment differences within subsets of patients. RESULTS The effect of high-dose chemotherapy on overall survival was not statistically different (median, 2.16 v 2.02 years; P = .08). A statistically significant advantage in progression-free survival (median, 0.91 v 0.69 years) did not translate into survival benefit. Subset analyses found little evidence that there are groups of patients who might benefit from high-dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic support. CONCLUSION Overall survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer in the six randomized trials was not significantly improved by high-dose chemotherapy; any benefit from high doses was small. No identifiable subset of patients seems to benefit from high-dose chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donald A Berry
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230-1402, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang H, Venkatesh M, Li H, Goetz R, Mukherjee S, Biswas A, Zhu L, Kaubisch A, Wang L, Pullman J, Whitney K, Kuro-o M, Roig AI, Shay JW, Mohammadi M, Mani S. Pregnane X receptor activation induces FGF19-dependent tumor aggressiveness in humans and mice. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:3220-32. [PMID: 21747170 DOI: 10.1172/jci41514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor pregnane X receptor (PXR) is activated by a range of xenochemicals, including chemotherapeutic drugs, and has been suggested to play a role in the development of tumor cell resistance to anticancer drugs. PXR also has been implicated as a regulator of the growth and apoptosis of colon tumors. Here, we have used a xenograft model of colon cancer to define a molecular mechanism that might underlie PXR-driven colon tumor growth and malignancy. Activation of PXR was found to be sufficient to enhance the neoplastic characteristics, including cell growth, invasion, and metastasis, of both human colon tumor cell lines and primary human colon cancer tissue xenografted into immunodeficient mice. Furthermore, we were able to show that this PXR-mediated phenotype required FGF19 signaling. PXR bound to the FGF19 promoter in both human colon tumor cells and "normal" intestinal crypt cells. However, while both cell types proliferated in response to PXR ligands, the FGF19 promoter was activated by PXR only in cancer cells. Taken together, these data indicate that colon cancer growth in the presence of a specific PXR ligand results from tumor-specific induction of FGF19. These observations may lead to improved therapeutic regimens for colon carcinomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Wang
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York 10461, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Droste S, Herrmann-Frank A, Scheibler F, Krones T. Ethical issues in autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in advanced breast cancer: a systematic literature review. BMC Med Ethics 2011; 12:6. [PMID: 21496244 PMCID: PMC3103481 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6939-12-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An effectiveness assessment on ASCT in locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer identified serious ethical issues associated with this intervention. Our objective was to systematically review these aspects by means of a literature analysis. METHODS We chose the reflexive Socratic approach as the review method using Hofmann's question list, conducted a comprehensive literature search in biomedical, psychological and ethics bibliographic databases and screened the resulting hits in a 2-step selection process. Relevant arguments were assembled from the included articles, and were assessed and assigned to the question list. Hofmann's questions were addressed by synthesizing these arguments. RESULTS Of the identified 879 documents 102 included arguments related to one or more questions from Hofmann's question list. The most important ethical issues were the implementation of ASCT in clinical practice on the basis of phase-II trials in the 1990s and the publication of falsified data in the first randomized controlled trials (Bezwoda fraud), which caused significant negative effects on recruiting patients for further clinical trials and the doctor-patient relationship. Recent meta-analyses report a marginal effect in prolonging disease-free survival, accompanied by severe harms, including death. ASCT in breast cancer remains a stigmatized technology. Reported health-related-quality-of-life data are often at high risk of bias in favor of the survivors. Furthermore little attention has been paid to those patients who were dying. CONCLUSIONS The questions were addressed in different degrees of completeness. All arguments were assignable to the questions. The central ethical dimensions of ASCT could be discussed by reviewing the published literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid Droste
- Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG), Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Fueloep Scheibler
- Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG), Cologne, Germany
| | - Tanja Krones
- Institute of Biomedical Ethics, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hematopoietic SCT activity in Asia: a report from the Asia-Pacific Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group. Bone Marrow Transplant 2010; 45:1682-91. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2010.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
14
|
Eleven years disease-free: role of chemotherapy in metastatic BRCA2-related breast cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2009; 6:488-92. [PMID: 19644536 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast, staged as pT1N3, was diagnosed in a 41-year-old premenopausal French-Canadian woman. Rapid nodal recurrence progressed to diffuse bone metastases, despite tamoxifen and megestrol. Following enrollment in an in-house study protocol, she received high-dose anthracycline-based induction chemotherapy followed by tandem autologous bone marrow transplantation with high-dose alkylator and platinum-based conditioning regimens. Upon full remission, protocol-mandated locoregional breast and prophylactic cranial radiation was delivered. Complete clinical and radiologic remission has been maintained in the 11 years since study enrolment, which prompted further investigation. INVESTIGATIONS Pedigree construction and BRCA1/2 mutation analysis. DIAGNOSIS A BRCA2 8765delAG mutation was identified, in the context of unusual and sustained complete remission from widely metastatic breast cancer. MANAGEMENT The patient is now followed at a multidisciplinary high-risk prevention clinic because BRCA2 mutations are associated with increased risk of ovarian and breast cancers. This case supports the possibility of differential treatment response in BRCA2-positive breast cancer, although this remains to be conclusively demonstrated.
Collapse
|
15
|
Vaughan W, Seshadri T, Bridges M, Keating A. The principles and overview of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cancer Treat Res 2009; 144:23-45. [PMID: 19779877 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-78580-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William Vaughan
- University of Alabama Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, University of Alabama Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nivison-Smith I, Bradstock KF, Dodds AJ, Hawkins PA, Ma DDF, Moore JJ, Simpson JM, Szer J. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Australia and New Zealand, 1992-2004. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2007; 13:905-12. [PMID: 17640594 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2007.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2007] [Accepted: 04/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Australasian Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient Registry (ABMTRR) commenced collecting data on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in 1992, and by 2004 had accrued more than 12,000 transplant records from 44 centers. In 2004 the Australian annual per capita autograft activity rate was almost twice that of New Zealand (381 per 10 million compared to 195), whereas the 2 countries had similar allografting activity rates (Australia 145, New Zealand 133). The annual rates of allogeneic HSCT per 10 million population in Australia and New Zealand in 2004 were similar to those in European countries of comparable socioeconomic status. Among the most prominent trends between 1998 and 2004 were increases in the numbers of allogeneic HSCT using peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC), the emergence of reduced intensity conditioning in allogeneic HSCT, increases in numbers of autologous HSCT for recipients aged 60 and over, increases in allogeneic HSCT with unrelated donors, and decreases in numbers of allogeneic HSCT for chronic myelogenous leukemia and autologous HSCT for breast cancer. The cumulative incidence of transplant-related mortality (TRM) at 100 days posttransplant progressively fell over the years 1992 to 2003 and was 8.1% for allogeneic HSCT and 1.1% for autologous HSCT in 2003. The ABMTRR is a valuable data resource providing timely and accurate information on HSCT activity in Australia and New Zealand. Full enumeration of HSCT activity in the 2 countries by the ABMTRR enhances its value in clinical planning and management.
Collapse
|