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Batiha GES, Alqarni M, Awad DAB, Algammal AM, Nyamota R, Wahed MII, Shah MA, Amin MN, Adetuyi BO, Hetta HF, Cruz-Martins N, Koirala N, Ghosh A, Echeverría J, Pagnossa JP, Sabatier JM. Dairy-Derived and Egg White Proteins in Enhancing Immune System Against COVID-19. Front Nutr 2021; 8:629440. [PMID: 34322507 PMCID: PMC8310913 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.629440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global health challenge, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) triggers a plethora of respiratory disturbances and even multiple organs failure that can be fatal. Nutritional intervention is one of the key components toward to a proper management of COVID-19 patients, especially in those requiring medication, and should thus be considered the first-line treatment. Immuno-modulation and -stimulation are currently being explored in COVID-19 management and are gaining interest by food and pharmaceutical industries. Various dietary combinations, bioactive components, nutrients and fortified foods have been reported to modulate inflammation during disease progression. Dietary combinations of dairy-derived products and eggs are gaining an increasing attention given the huge immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties attributed to some of their chemical constituents. Eggs are complex dietary components containing many essential nutrients and bioactive compounds as well as a high-quality proteins. Similarly, yogurts can replenish beneficial bacteria and contains macronutrients capable of stimulating immunity by enhancing cell immunity, reducing oxidative stress, neutralizing inflammation and regulating the intestinal barriers and gut microbiome. Thus, this review highlights the impact of nutritional intervention on COVID-19 management, focusing on the immunomodulatory and inflammatory effects of immune-enhancing nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Alqarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dina A B Awad
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Abdelazeem M Algammal
- Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Richard Nyamota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya
| | - Mir I I Wahed
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad N Amin
- Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Pratyasha Health Biomedical Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Babatunde O Adetuyi
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Precious Cornerstone University, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Helal F Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Niranjan Koirala
- Department of Natural Products Research, Dr. Koirala Research Institute for Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Kathmandu, Nepal.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Arabinda Ghosh
- Microbiology Division, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Jean-Marc Sabatier
- Université Aix-Marseille, Institut de Neuro-Physiopathologie (INP), UMR 7051, Faculté de Pharmacie, Marseille, France
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Lee JH, Paik HD. Anticancer and immunomodulatory activity of egg proteins and peptides: a review. Poult Sci 2020; 98:6505-6516. [PMID: 31237321 PMCID: PMC8913999 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Eggs are widely recognized as a highly nutritious food source that offer specific health benefits for humans. Eggs contain all of the proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and growth factors necessary for embryonic development. In particular, egg white and yolk proteins are considered functional food substances because they possess biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, metal-chelating, antihypertensive, anticancer, and immunomodulatory activities. Peptides produced via processes such as enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation by microorganisms, and some chemical and physical treatments of egg proteins have been shown to enhance the functional properties and solubility of these peptides. Peptide activity is strongly related to amino acid sequence, composition, and length. At present, cancer remains among the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and therefore research aimed at developing new treatments for cancer immunotherapy is of great interest. The present review focuses primarily on the anticancer and immunomodulatory activities of egg proteins and their peptides and provides some insight into their underlying mechanisms of action. A number of egg proteins and peptides have been reported to induce apoptosis in cancer cells, protect against DNA damage, decrease the invasion ability of cancer cells, and exhibit cytotoxic and antimutagenic activity in various cancer cell lines. Furthermore, egg proteins and peptides can stimulate or suppress pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines, as well as affect the production of inflammatory mediators in a variety of cell lines. In addition, the composition of eggs and the processes of egg proteins and peptides production will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - H-D Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Mine Y, Kovacs-Nolan J. New insights in biologically active proteins and peptides derived from hen egg. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1079/wps200586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Mine
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - J. Kovacs-Nolan
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
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Abstract
Previous studies have shown that interleukin-24 (IL-24) has tumor-suppressing activity by multiple pathways. However, the immunogenicity moderation effect of IL-24 on malignant cells has not been explored extensively. In this study, we investigated the role of IL-24 in immunogenicity modulation of the myelogenous leukemia cells. Data show that myelogenous leukemia cells express low levels of immunogenicity molecules. Treatment with IL-24 could enhance leukemia cell immunogenicity, predominantly regulate leukemia cells to produce immune-associated cytokines, and improve the cytotoxic sensitivity of these cells to immune effector cells. IL-24 expression could retard transplanted leukemia cell tumor growth in vivo in athymic nude mice. Moreover, IL-24 had marked effects on downregulating the expression of angiogenesis-related proteins vascular endothelial growth factor, cluster of differentiation (CD) 31, CD34, collagen IV and metastasis-related factors CD147, membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), and MMP-2 and MMP-9 in transplanted tumors. These findings indicated novel functions of this antitumor gene and characterized IL-24 as a promising agent for further clinical trial for hematologic malignancy immunotherapy.
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Santiago-López L, Hernández-Mendoza A, Vallejo-Cordoba B, Mata-Haro V, González-Córdova AF. Food-derived immunomodulatory peptides. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:3631-3641. [PMID: 26940008 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Food proteins contain specific amino acid sequences within their structures that may positively impact bodily functions and have multiple immunomodulatory effects. The functional properties of these specific sequences, also referred to as bioactive peptides, are revealed only after the degradation of native proteins during digestion processes. Currently, milk proteins have been the most explored source of bioactive peptides, which presents an interesting opportunity for the dairy industry. However, plant- and animal-derived proteins have also been shown to be important sources of bioactive peptides. This review summarizes the in vitro and in vivo evidence of the role of various food proteins as sources of immunomodulatory peptides and discusses the possible pathways involving these properties. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Santiago-López
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, AC (CIAD), Carretera a La Victoria Km 0.6, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Adrián Hernández-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, AC (CIAD), Carretera a La Victoria Km 0.6, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Belinda Vallejo-Cordoba
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, AC (CIAD), Carretera a La Victoria Km 0.6, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Verónica Mata-Haro
- Laboratorio de Microbiología e Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, AC (CIAD), Carretera a La Victoria Km 0.6, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Aarón F González-Córdova
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, AC (CIAD), Carretera a La Victoria Km 0.6, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
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Yu X, Xia W, Li S, Blumenfeld J, Zhang B, Yang J, Miao J, Gu ZJ. Antitumor effect and underlying mechanism of RGD-modified adenovirus mediated IL-24 expression on myeloid leukemia cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
Purpose
– The aim of the article was to focus on various peptides identified in the egg and their probable application as novel ingredients in the development of functional food products. Bioactive peptides of egg origin have attracted increasing interest as one of the prominent candidates for development of various health-promoting functional and designer foods.
Design/methodology/approach
– Traditionally known as a source of highly valuable proteins in human nutrition, eggs are nowadays also considered as an important source of many bioactive peptides which may find wide application in medicine and food production. These specific protein fragments from egg proteins which, above and beyond their nutritional capabilities, have a positive impact on the body’s function or condition by affecting the digestive, endocrine, cardiovascular, immune and nervous systems, and may ultimately influence health.
Findings
– Several peptides that are released in vitro or in vivo from egg proteins have been attributed to different health effects, including antihypertensive effects, antimicrobial properties, antioxidant activities, anticancer activity, immunomodulating activity, antiadhesive properties and enhancement of nutrient absorption and/or bioavailability. Extensive research has been undertaken to identify and characterize these biologically active peptides of egg origin which has changed the image of egg as a new source of biologically active ingredients for the development of functional foods with specific benefits for human health and treatment and prevention of diseases.
Originality/value
– The paper mainly describes the above-stated properties of bioactive peptides derived from egg proteins.
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Hsu CYM, Uludağ H. Nucleic-acid based gene therapeutics: delivery challenges and modular design of nonviral gene carriers and expression cassettes to overcome intracellular barriers for sustained targeted expression. J Drug Target 2012; 20:301-28. [PMID: 22303844 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2012.655247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The delivery of nucleic acid molecules into cells to alter physiological functions at the genetic level is a powerful approach to treat a wide range of inherited and acquired disorders. Biocompatible materials such as cationic polymers, lipids, and peptides are being explored as safer alternatives to viral gene carriers. However, the comparatively low efficiency of nonviral carriers currently hampers their translation into clinical settings. Controlling the size and stability of carrier/nucleic acid complexes is one of the primary hurdles as the physicochemical properties of the complexes can define the uptake pathways, which dictate intracellular routing, endosomal processing, and nucleocytoplasmic transport. In addition to nuclear import, subnuclear trafficking, posttranscriptional events, and immune responses can further limit transfection efficiency. Chemical moieties, reactive linkers or signal peptide have been conjugated to carriers to prevent aggregation, induce membrane destabilization and localize to subcellular compartments. Genetic elements can be inserted into the expression cassette to facilitate nuclear targeting, delimit expression to targeted tissue, and modulate transgene expression. The modular option afforded by both gene carriers and expression cassettes provides a two-tier multicomponent delivery system that can be optimized for targeted gene delivery in a variety of settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Yu Ming Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Cananda
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McMillin DW, Hewes B, Gangadharan B, Archer DR, Mittler RS, Spencer HT. Complete Regression of Large Solid Tumors Using Engineered Drug-Resistant Hematopoietic Cells and Anti-CD137 Immunotherapy. Hum Gene Ther 2006; 17:798-806. [PMID: 16942440 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2006.17.798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Combining chemotherapy and immunotherapy is problematic because chemotherapy can ablate the immune responses initiated by modulators of the immune system. We hypothesized that protection of immunocompetent cells from the toxic effects of chemotherapy, using drug resistance gene therapy strategies, would allow the combined use of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. In wild-type mice, the antitumor effectiveness of an immunotherapy regimen employing an agonistic anti-CD137 antibody is diminished with escalating doses of the antifolate trimetrexate (TMTX). Using retroviral gene transfer of a mutant form of dihydrofolate reductase (L22Y-DHFR), hematopoietic stem cells were genetically engineered to withstand the toxic effects of TMTX. Mice transplanted with L22Y-DHFR-modified bone marrow were then challenged with AG104 sarcoma cells and treated with TMTX only, anti-CD137 only, or a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Although tumor burden was transiently decreased during TMTX administration, no mice treated with TMTX alone survived the tumor challenge, whereas approximately 40% of transplanted mice treated with anti-CD137 alone survived. However, 100% of mice survived with complete tumor regression after transplantation with L22Y-DHFR-transduced bone marrow followed by combined treatment with TMTX and anti-CD137. In addition, adoptive transfer of splenocytes from cured mice extended the survival of tumor- bearing animals by approximately 3 weeks compared with controls. Therefore, protection of the hematopoietic system can allow for the combined administration of chemotherapy and immunotherapy, which results in complete tumor clearance.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer/methods
- Animals
- Antibodies/immunology
- Antibodies/pharmacology
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage
- Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Combined Modality Therapy/methods
- Drug Resistance/drug effects
- Drug Resistance/genetics
- Drug Resistance/immunology
- Genetic Therapy/methods
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/enzymology
- Humans
- Mice
- Neoplasms, Experimental/enzymology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Point Mutation
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/immunology
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/immunology
- Sarcoma/enzymology
- Sarcoma/genetics
- Sarcoma/immunology
- Sarcoma/therapy
- Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase/genetics
- Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase/immunology
- Transplantation, Homologous
- Trimetrexate/pharmacology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W McMillin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, AFLAC Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Services, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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McMillin DW, Hewes B, Gangadharan B, Archer DR, Mittler RS, Spencer HT. Complete Regression of Large Solid Tumors Using Engineered Drug-Resistant Hematopoietic Cells and Anti-CD137 Immunotherapy. Hum Gene Ther 2006. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2006.17.ft-225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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He X, Luo P, Tsang TC, Zhang T, Harris DT. Immuno-gene therapy of melanoma by tumor antigen epitope modified IFN-gamma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2005; 54:741-9. [PMID: 15726359 PMCID: PMC11034313 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-004-0634-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2004] [Accepted: 09/30/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine-based vaccines play a major part in tumor immuno-gene therapy. However, down-regulated antigen expression on tumor cells may diminish the immuno-potentiating aspects of cellular vaccines. In this study, we coexpressed a tumor antigen epitope with IFN-gamma in the same gene by replacing the IFN-gamma signal peptide with an antigen epitope-expressing signal peptide. We then investigated the effect of the antigen epitope-incorporated IFN-gamma on the immunotherapy of murine melanoma B16 tumors. Results showed that TRP-2 epitope-expressing IFN-gamma decreased B16 tumorigenicity and enhanced its immunogenicity after gene transfer. Protective immunity against wild type B16 tumors was induced by vaccination with IFN-gamma transiently gene-modified tumor cells. These data suggest that cellular vaccines engineered to express an antigen epitope within an immunostimulatory cytokine could potentiate the immunization effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui He
- Gene Therapy Group, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, 245049, AZ 85724 USA
| | - Phoebe Luo
- Cardiovascular Research Department, St. Elizabeth Medical Center, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02135 USA
| | - Tom C Tsang
- Gene Therapy Group, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, 245049, AZ 85724 USA
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Medical School, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA
| | - David T Harris
- Gene Therapy Group, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, 245049, AZ 85724 USA
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Gorczynski RM. Regulation of transplantation tolerance by antigen-presenting cells. Transplant Rev (Orlando) 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trre.2005.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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He X, Tsang TC, Zhang T, Luo P, Harris DT. Antigen epitope-expressing cytokines for DNA immunization. Vaccine 2005; 23:1966-72. [PMID: 15734069 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2004] [Revised: 09/21/2004] [Accepted: 10/12/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Strategies to enhance the efficacy of DNA vaccination against malignancy remain to be established. In this study, a plasmid expressing a tumor antigen incorporated into the signal peptide of human IL-2 was tested as a DNA vaccine in a murine model system. Results showed that antigen-specific CTL responses were elicited by intramuscular injection of these plasmids. Importantly, compared with a minigene vector expressing the same epitope, the OVA epitope-incorporated, IL-2 expression plasmid vaccination was more effective in protecting mice from OVA-expressing tumor challenge. The improved efficacy appears to result from enhanced antigen presentation as well as the immunostimulatory activity of IL-2. This approach may provide new perspectives in designing cytokine-adjuvant DNA vaccines for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui He
- Gene Therapy Group, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, PO Box 245049, University of Arizona, Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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