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Yin C, Gu W, Gao Y, Li Z, Chen X, Li Z, Wen S. Association of the -344T/C polymorphism in aldosterone synthase gene promoter with left ventricular structure in Chinese Han: A meta-analysis. Clin Exp Hypertens 2017; 39:562-569. [PMID: 28692307 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2017.1291660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
No consensus view has been published on the relationship between the aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2) -344C/T polymorphism and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in Chinese Han. We undertook a meta-analysis to investigate the potential association of this polymorphism and left ventricular structure-related phenotypes, including left ventricular mass (LVM), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end diastolic dimension (LVEDD), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), and interventricular septal wall thickness (IVS). Studies in English and Chinese were found based on a systematic search of Medline, Embase, CNKI, and Wanfang databases. The dominant model (TT vs. TC+CC) and homozygote model (TT vs. CC) were selected to examine the association between the -344C/T polymorphism and LVH. The random-effects model was used to pool data. From a total of 3104 participants, despite the investigation of six echocardiographic indicators, we found no significant association between the -344C/T variant and LVH in the whole group and the subgroup analyses by blood pressure. However, in the subgroup of northern Han Chinese, TT genotype had higher LVPWT than CC genotype and TC genotype (pheterogeneity = 0.4, pvalue = 0.04, 95% CI 0.09 (0.00, 0.18)). In addition, no evidence of publication bias was observed. In conclusion, our meta-analysis indicated that subjects with TT genotype might have higher risk of developing LVH in northern Han Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqian Yin
- a Department of Cardiology , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases , Beijing , China
| | - Wei Gu
- a Department of Cardiology , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases , Beijing , China
| | - Yun Gao
- a Department of Cardiology , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases , Beijing , China
| | - Zhao Li
- a Department of Cardiology , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases , Beijing , China
| | - Xuanzu Chen
- a Department of Cardiology , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases , Beijing , China
| | - Zhizhong Li
- a Department of Cardiology , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases , Beijing , China
| | - Shaojun Wen
- b Department of Hypertension Research , Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases , Beijing , China
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Jia M, Yang B, Li Z, Shen H, Song X, Gu W. Computational analysis of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with the CYP11B2 gene. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104311. [PMID: 25102047 PMCID: PMC4125216 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common type of genetic variations in humans and play a major role in the genetics of human phenotype variation and the genetic basis of human complex diseases. Recently, there is considerable interest in understanding the possible role of the CYP11B2 gene with corticosterone methyl oxidase deficiency, primary aldosteronism, and cardio-cerebro-vascular diseases. Hence, the elucidation of the function and molecular dynamic behavior of CYP11B2 mutations is crucial in current genomics. In this study, we investigated the pathogenic effect of 51 nsSNPs and 26 UTR SNPs in the CYP11B2 gene through computational platforms. Using a combination of SIFT, PolyPhen, I-Mutant Suite, and ConSurf server, four nsSNPs (F487V, V129M, T498A, and V403E) were identified to potentially affect the structure, function, and activity of the CYP11B2 protein. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulation and structure analyses also confirmed the impact of these nsSNPs on the stability and secondary properties of the CYP11B2 protein. Additionally, utilizing the UTRscan, MirSNP, PolymiRTS and miRNASNP, three SNPs in the 3'UTR region were predicted to exhibit a pattern change in the upstream open reading frames (uORF), and eight microRNA binding sites were found to be highly affected due to 3'UTR SNPs. This cataloguing of deleterious SNPs is essential for narrowing down the number of CYP11B2 mutations to be screened in genetic association studies and for a better understanding of the functional and structural aspects of the CYP11B2 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyue Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Boyun Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongyi Li
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Binjiang Branch) Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou Binjiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiling Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Baud A, Hermsen R, Guryev V, Stridh P, Graham D, McBride MW, Foroud T, Calderari S, Diez M, Ockinger J, Beyeen AD, Gillett A, Abdelmagid N, Guerreiro-Cacais AO, Jagodic M, Tuncel J, Norin U, Beattie E, Huynh N, Miller WH, Koller DL, Alam I, Falak S, Osborne-Pellegrin M, Martinez-Membrives E, Canete T, Blazquez G, Vicens-Costa E, Mont-Cardona C, Diaz-Moran S, Tobena A, Hummel O, Zelenika D, Saar K, Patone G, Bauerfeind A, Bihoreau MT, Heinig M, Lee YA, Rintisch C, Schulz H, Wheeler DA, Worley KC, Muzny DM, Gibbs RA, Lathrop M, Lansu N, Toonen P, Ruzius FP, de Bruijn E, Hauser H, Adams DJ, Keane T, Atanur SS, Aitman TJ, Flicek P, Malinauskas T, Jones EY, Ekman D, Lopez-Aumatell R, Dominiczak AF, Johannesson M, Holmdahl R, Olsson T, Gauguier D, Hubner N, Fernandez-Teruel A, Cuppen E, Mott R, Flint J. Combined sequence-based and genetic mapping analysis of complex traits in outbred rats. Nat Genet 2013; 45:767-75. [PMID: 23708188 PMCID: PMC3821058 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Genetic mapping on fully sequenced individuals is transforming understanding of the relationship between molecular variation and variation in complex traits. Here we report a combined sequence and genetic mapping analysis in outbred rats that maps 355 quantitative trait loci for 122 phenotypes. We identify 35 causal genes involved in 31 phenotypes, implicating new genes in models of anxiety, heart disease and multiple sclerosis. The relationship between sequence and genetic variation is unexpectedly complex: at approximately 40% of quantitative trait loci, a single sequence variant cannot account for the phenotypic effect. Using comparable sequence and mapping data from mice, we show that the extent and spatial pattern of variation in inbred rats differ substantially from those of inbred mice and that the genetic variants in orthologous genes rarely contribute to the same phenotype in both species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amelie Baud
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN
| | - Roel Hermsen
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Victor Guryev
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, RuG, UMCG, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pernilla Stridh
- Neuroimmunology Unit. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, CMM L8:04, 17176 Stockholm
| | - Delyth Graham
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, Glasgow University, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA
| | - Martin W. McBride
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, Glasgow University, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana USA
| | - Sophie Calderari
- INSERM UMRS872, Cordeliers Research Centre, 15 rue de l’Ecole de Medecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Margarita Diez
- Neuroimmunology Unit. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, CMM L8:04, 17176 Stockholm
| | - Johan Ockinger
- Neuroimmunology Unit. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, CMM L8:04, 17176 Stockholm
| | - Amennai D. Beyeen
- Neuroimmunology Unit. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, CMM L8:04, 17176 Stockholm
| | - Alan Gillett
- Neuroimmunology Unit. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, CMM L8:04, 17176 Stockholm
| | - Nada Abdelmagid
- Neuroimmunology Unit. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, CMM L8:04, 17176 Stockholm
| | | | - Maja Jagodic
- Neuroimmunology Unit. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, CMM L8:04, 17176 Stockholm
| | - Jonatan Tuncel
- Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Norin
- Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Beattie
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, Glasgow University, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA
| | - Ngan Huynh
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, Glasgow University, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA
| | - William H. Miller
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, Glasgow University, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA
| | - Daniel L. Koller
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana USA
| | - Imranul Alam
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana USA
| | - Samreen Falak
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin D-13092, Germany
| | | | - Esther Martinez-Membrives
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Canete
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gloria Blazquez
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elia Vicens-Costa
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Mont-Cardona
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sira Diaz-Moran
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adolf Tobena
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oliver Hummel
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin D-13092, Germany
| | - Diana Zelenika
- Commissariat à l’énergie Atomique, Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Kathrin Saar
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin D-13092, Germany
| | - Giannino Patone
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin D-13092, Germany
| | - Anja Bauerfeind
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin D-13092, Germany
| | - Marie-Therese Bihoreau
- Commissariat à l’énergie Atomique, Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Matthias Heinig
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin D-13092, Germany
- Department of Computational Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Young-Ae Lee
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin D-13092, Germany
- Pediatric Allergology, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Carola Rintisch
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin D-13092, Germany
| | - Herbert Schulz
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin D-13092, Germany
| | - David A. Wheeler
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, One Baylor Plaza, MSC-226, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Kim C. Worley
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, One Baylor Plaza, MSC-226, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Donna M. Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, One Baylor Plaza, MSC-226, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Richard A. Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, One Baylor Plaza, MSC-226, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Mark Lathrop
- Commissariat à l’énergie Atomique, Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Nico Lansu
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pim Toonen
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frans Paul Ruzius
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ewart de Bruijn
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Heidi Hauser
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - David J. Adams
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Thomas Keane
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Santosh S. Atanur
- Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Tim J. Aitman
- Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Flicek
- European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Tomas Malinauskas
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E. Yvonne Jones
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Diana Ekman
- Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Regina Lopez-Aumatell
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna F Dominiczak
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, Glasgow University, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA
| | - Martina Johannesson
- Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Neuroimmunology Unit. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, CMM L8:04, 17176 Stockholm
| | - Dominique Gauguier
- INSERM UMRS872, Cordeliers Research Centre, 15 rue de l’Ecole de Medecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Norbert Hubner
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin D-13092, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alberto Fernandez-Teruel
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry & Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edwin Cuppen
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Mott
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN
| | - Jonathan Flint
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN
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Harper AR, Mayosi BM, Rodriguez A, Rahman T, Hall D, Mamasoula C, Avery PJ, Keavney BD. Common variation neighbouring micro-RNA 22 is associated with increased left ventricular mass. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55061. [PMID: 23372812 PMCID: PMC3555935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Previous genome-wide linkage analysis has suggested that chromosomal region 17p13.3 may harbour genes influencing left ventricular mass (LVM) in man. To date, the genetic factors accounting for LVM variability remain largely unknown but a non-coding RNA gene within this region, micro-RNA 22 (miR-22), has been implicated in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in animal models. We thus investigated the relationship between common genetic polymorphisms surrounding miR-22 and left ventricular mass in a family-based association study. Methods and Results We studied a cohort of 255 families comprising 1,425 individuals ascertained via a hypertensive proband. Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms which together tagged common genetic variation surrounding the miR-22 gene were genotyped. There was evidence of association between the rs7223247 polymorphism, which lies within the 3′UTR of a gene of unknown function, TLCD2, immediately downstream from miR-22, and left ventricular mass determined by Sokolow-Lyon voltage (Bonferroni corrected p-value = 0.038). The T allele at rs7223247 was associated with an 0.272 standard deviation higher Sokolow-Lyon voltage. Genotype was responsible for ∼1% of the population variability in LVM. Conclusions Genotype at the rs7223247 polymorphism affects left ventricular mass determined by Sokolow-Lyon voltage. The neighbouring genes miR-22 and TLCD2 are strong candidates to account for this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R. Harper
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Bongani M. Mayosi
- Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Antony Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Thahira Rahman
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Darroch Hall
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter J. Avery
- School of Mathematics & Statistics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Bernard D. Keavney
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Carvajal CA, Stehr CB, González PA, Riquelme EM, Montero T, Santos MJ, Kalergis AM, Fardella CE. A de novo unequal cross-over mutation between CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 genes causes familial hyperaldosteronism type I. J Endocrinol Invest 2011; 34:140-4. [PMID: 20634641 DOI: 10.1007/bf03347044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Familial hyperaldosteronism type I (FH-I) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by an unequal cross-over of the gene encoding steroid 11β-hydroxylase (CYP11B1) and aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2), giving rise to a chimeric CYP11B1/CYP11B2 gene that displays aldosterone synthase activity regulated by ACTH instead of angiotensin II. AIM To report an unprecedented case of a de novo unequal crossover mutation between CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 genes causing FH-I. PATIENTS AND METHODS The index case is a 45-yr-old Chilean male diagnosed with primary aldosteronism (PA). All family members were also studied: his biological parents, 1 brother, 6 sisters, 2 daughters, and 1 son. Plasma renin activity, serum aldosterone, and its ratio were measured in all patients. Genetic analyses were performed using long-extension PCR (XL-PCR), DNA sequencing and Southern blot methods. RESULTS PA was diagnosed for the index case, 1 of his daughters, his son but not for his parents or siblings. XLPCR and Southern blotting demonstrated the presence of the chimeric CYP11B1/CYP11B2 gene solely in PA-affected subjects, suggesting a case of a de novo mutation. Sequence analysis showed the unequal cross-over CYP11B1/CYP11B2 at intron 2 (c.2600-273 CYP11B2). We also identified a polymorphism at the same intron (c.2600-145C>A CYP11B2) in the genome of the index case's father. CONCLUSION We describe an unprecedented case of unequal cross-over mutation for the chimeric CYP11B1/CYP11B2 gene causing FH-I, which may be linked to a polymorphism in the index case's father germ line.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Carvajal
- Endocrinology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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6
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Carstens N, van der Merwe L, Revera M, Heradien M, Goosen A, Brink PA, Moolman-Smook JC. Genetic variation in angiotensin II type 2 receptor gene influences extent of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy independent of blood pressure. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2010; 12:274-80. [DOI: 10.1177/1470320310390725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), an inherited primary cardiac disorder mostly caused by defective sarcomeric proteins, serves as a model to investigate left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). HCM manifests extreme variability in the degree and distribution of LVH, even in patients with the same causal mutation. Genes coding for renin—angiotensin—aldosterone system components have been studied as hypertrophy modifiers in HCM, with emphasis on the angiotensin (Ang) II type 1 receptor (AT1R). However, Ang II binding to Ang II type 2 receptors (AT2R) also has hypertrophy-modulating effects. Methods. We investigated the effect of the functional +1675 G/A polymorphism (rs1403543) and additional single nucleotide polymorphisms in the 3’ untranslated region of the AT2R gene ( AGTR2) on a heritable composite hypertrophy score in an HCM family cohort in which HCM founder mutations segregate. Results. We find significant association between rs1403543 and hypertrophy, with each A allele decreasing the average wall thickness by ~0.5 mm, independent of the effects of the primary HCM causal mutation, blood pressure and other hypertrophy covariates ( p = 0.020). Conclusion. This study therefore confirms a hypertrophy-modulating effect for AT2R also in HCM and implies that +1675 G/A could potentially be used in a panel of markers that profile a genetic predisposition to LVH in HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Carstens
- MRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Stellenbosch Health Sciences Faculty, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Lize van der Merwe
- Biostatistics Unit, Medical Research Council of South Africa, Tygerberg, South Africa, Department of Statistics, University of Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Miriam Revera
- Department of Cardiology, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marshall Heradien
- Department of Medicine, University of Stellenbosch Health Sciences Faculty, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Althea Goosen
- Department of Medicine, University of Stellenbosch Health Sciences Faculty, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Paul A Brink
- Department of Medicine, University of Stellenbosch Health Sciences Faculty, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Johanna C Moolman-Smook
- MRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Stellenbosch Health Sciences Faculty, Tygerberg, South Africa,
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Saidi S, Mahjoub T, Almawi WY. Aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2) promoter polymorphism as a risk factor for ischaemic stroke in Tunisian Arabs. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2010; 11:180-6. [PMID: 20176774 DOI: 10.1177/1470320309360816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the contribution of aldosterone synthase CYP11B2 polymorphism (C-344T) to the age-related changes in blood pressure in stroke patients. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Study subjects comprised 329 stroke patients (121 normotensive, 208 hypertensive) and 444 healthy controls. Genotyping was done by PCR-RFLP, and the contribution of CYP11B2 polymorphism to the risk of stroke was analysed by regression analysis. RESULTS The T allele, and CT, TT, and CT + TT genotypes, independently of sex and age, were significantly associated with increased stroke risk. Varied distributions of CYP11B2 genotypes were noted among patients with respect to gender, age and hypertension status, being pronounced in hypertensive patients. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were positively correlated with the presence of T allele. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher among young (< 60 years) CT and TT genotype carriers. Regression analysis confirmed the positive association of CT and TT genotypes and systolic blood pressure, and the negative association of diastolic blood pressure with odds of stroke development. Taking normotensive patients as reference, regression analysis identified TT genotype, age and female gender to be independently associated with increased odds of stroke. CONCLUSION Compared to CC genotype, CT and TT CYP11B2 genotypes are independently associated with increased stroke index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Saidi
- Research Unit of Hematological and Autoimmune Diseases, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
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Nejatizadeh A, Kumar R, Stobdan T, Goyal AK, Gupta M, Tyagi S, Jain SK, Pasha MAQ. CYP11B2 gene haplotypes independently and in concurrence with aldosterone and aldosterone to renin ratio increase the risk of hypertension. Clin Biochem 2009; 43:136-41. [PMID: 19786005 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aldosterone synthase produces aldosterone, which regulates electrolytes and thereby blood pressure. Polymorphisms in aldosterone-synthase gene (CYP11B2) may associate with heterogeneous aldosterone production and hypertension. Hence, we investigated -344T/C, Iw/Ic polymorphisms of CYP11B2, plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone concentration (PAC). DESIGN AND METHODS Consecutive ethnically-matched 450 hypertensive patients and 360 controls were screened by PCR-RFLP for genotypes and haplotypes; PRA and PAC were measured. RESULTS The Iw/Ic polymorphism distribution differed significantly between the two groups (LRT chi(2)=15.8, df=2, P=0.000). The mutant allele-Ic and genotype-Ic/Ic were overrepresented in patients (35% versus 27% and 13% versus 7%). Overrepresentation of T-Ic haplotype in patients was identified as risk haplotype (P=0.000). Patients had significantly higher PAC and aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR; P=0.000), which was Ic-allele dependent. CONCLUSIONS The haplotype T-Ic associated with hypertension susceptibility. Correlation between Ic-allele and raised ARR likely serve in hypertension management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azim Nejatizadeh
- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110 007, India
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9
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van der Merwe L, Cloete R, Revera M, Heradien M, Goosen A, Corfield VA, Brink PA, Moolman-Smook JC. Genetic variation in angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 gene is associated with extent of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Hum Genet 2008; 124:57-61. [PMID: 18560893 PMCID: PMC2469277 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-008-0524-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2008] [Accepted: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a common, inherited cardiac muscle disease, is primarily caused by mutations in sarcomeric protein-encoding genes and is characterized by overgrowth of ventricular muscle that is highly variable in extent and location. This variability has been partially attributed to locus and allelic heterogeneity of the disease-causing gene, but other factors, including unknown genetic factors, also modulate the extent of hypertrophy that develops in response to the defective sarcomeric functioning. Components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system are plausible candidate hypertrophy modifiers because of their role in controlling blood pressure and biological effects on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lize van der Merwe
- Biostatistics Unit, Medical Research Council of South Africa, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Ruben Cloete
- MRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Stellenbosch Health Sciences Faculty, PO Box 19063, Room 4036, Teaching Block, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg, 7505 South Africa
| | - Miriam Revera
- Department of Cardiology, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marshall Heradien
- Department of Medicine, University of Stellenbosch Health Sciences Faculty, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Althea Goosen
- Department of Medicine, University of Stellenbosch Health Sciences Faculty, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Valerie A. Corfield
- MRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Stellenbosch Health Sciences Faculty, PO Box 19063, Room 4036, Teaching Block, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg, 7505 South Africa
| | - Paul A. Brink
- Department of Medicine, University of Stellenbosch Health Sciences Faculty, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Johanna C. Moolman-Smook
- MRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Stellenbosch Health Sciences Faculty, PO Box 19063, Room 4036, Teaching Block, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg, 7505 South Africa
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10
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McNamara DM, Tam SW, Sabolinski ML, Tobelmann P, Janosko K, Taylor AL, Cohn JN, Feldman AM, Worcel M. Aldosterone Synthase Promoter Polymorphism Predicts Outcome in African Americans With Heart Failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 48:1277-82. [PMID: 16979018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2006.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2006] [Revised: 06/12/2006] [Accepted: 07/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to evaluate the effect of the aldosterone synthase promoter polymorphism on heart failure outcomes for subjects in the African American Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT). BACKGROUND Genetic heterogeneity modulates clinical outcomes in subjects with heart failure (HF); however, little data exist in African American populations. A common polymorphism exists in the promoter region of the aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2) at position -344 (T/C). The -344C allele, associated with higher aldosterone synthase activity, has been linked to hypertension; however, its impact on outcomes in HF is unknown. METHODS A total of 354 subjects from A-HeFT participated in the GRAHF (Genetic Risk Assessment of Heart Failure in African Americans) substudy and were genotyped for the aldosterone synthase polymorphism. Patients were followed prospectively, and event-free survival (freedom from death and HF hospitalization) compared by CYP11B2 genotype. RESULTS Of the cohort, 218 patients were TT, 114 CT, and 22 patients were CC. Baseline etiology, blood pressure, and functional class were not significantly different among the 3 cohorts. The C allele was associated with significantly poorer HF hospitalization-free survival with the best survival among TT subjects, intermediate for heterozygotes, and the poorest for CC homozygotes (p = 0.018), and a higher rate of death (% death TT/TC/CC = 1.8/3.5/18.2, p = 0.001). The TT genotype, more prevalent in blacks, was associated with greater impact of fixed combination of isosorbide dinitrate and hydralazine on the primary composite end point (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The aldosterone synthase promoter -344C allele linked to higher aldosterone levels is associated with poorer event-free survival in blacks with HF. The role of aldosterone receptor antagonists in diminishing this apparent genetic risk remains to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis M McNamara
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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11
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Rajput C, Arif E, Vibhuti A, Stobdan T, Khan AP, Norboo T, Afrin F, Qadar Pasha MA. Predominance of interaction among wild-type alleles of CYP11B2 in Himalayan natives associates with high-altitude adaptation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 348:735-40. [PMID: 16893516 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2006] [Accepted: 07/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Sojourners visiting high-altitude (HA) (>2500 m) are susceptible to HA disorders; on the contrary, HA natives are well adapted to the extreme hypoxic environment. High aldosterone levels are believed to be involved in HA disorders, we, therefore, envisaged role of CYP11B2 gene variants in HA adaptation and therefore investigated the -344T/C, intron-2 conversion (Iw/Ic), K173R, and A5160C polymorphisms. In addition, polymorphisms in AGT, AT1R, ATP1A1, ADRB2, and GSTP1 genes were also investigated. The study comprised of 662 subjects, comprising of 426 Himalayan highlanders (HLs) and 236 lowlanders (LLs). The -344T/C and K173R polymorphisms were found to be in complete linkage disequilibrium. The wild-type allele -344T and combination of wild-type homozygous genotypes between -344T/C, Iw/Ic, and A5160C polymorphisms, containing all the six wild-type alleles were over-represented in the HLs (p < 0.0001, and p = 0.008, respectively). The wild-type haplotypes -344T-Iw, -344T-5160A, and -344T-Iw-5160A also showed over-representation in the HLs (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, greater the number of wild-type alleles, lower was the ARR (p < 0.05). The genotype distribution in remaining genes did not differ. To conclude, the over-representation of wild-type -344T allele, genotype combinations and haplotypes of CYP11B2, and their correlation with lower aldosterone levels associate with HA adaptation in the HLs. Such an allelic presentation in sojourners may help them cope with adverse HA environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charu Rajput
- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi 110 007, India
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12
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Mayosi BM, Avery PJ, Baker M, Gaukrodger N, Imrie H, Green FR, Farrall M, Watkins H, Keavney B. Genotype at the −174G/C Polymorphism of the Interleukin-6 Gene Is Associated With Common Carotid Artery Intimal-Medial Thickness. Stroke 2005; 36:2215-9. [PMID: 16179573 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.0000182254.47941.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Studies in unrelated individuals have produced conflicting findings concerning the putative association between the interleukin-6 (IL-6) -174G/C polymorphism and carotid intimal-medial thickness (IMT). We have used a family-based genetic association design to assess the heritability of carotid IMT and to investigate the hypothesized association of carotid IMT with the IL-6 to -174G/C polymorphism. METHODS We studied 854 members of 224 white British families. The heritability of carotid IMT was determined using Multipoint Engine for Rapid Likelihood Inference. Genetic association analyses were carried out using ANOVA and family-based tests of association implemented in Quantitative Transmission Disequilibrium Test. A meta-analysis of previous studies of the association was conducted to place our result in context. RESULTS The heritability of carotid IMT was 24%. Under a recessive model (GG+GC versus CC), there was significant evidence of association between IL-6 to the -174G/C genotype and adjusted log(e) maximal carotid IMT (F=5.469; P=0.02). Family-based analyses using Quantitative Transmission Disequilibrium Test showed no evidence of population stratification as a cause of the observed association (chi2(1)=0.469; P=0.4934). The CC genotype was associated with a 4.8% increase in maximal carotid IMT and accounted for 0.6% of the observed variation in the trait, which is equivalent to 2.5% of the heritable component. A meta-analysis of the present and 2 previous large studies, which enrolled a total of 2930 subjects, confirmed the recessive effect of the C allele on carotid IMT (P=0.0014). CONCLUSIONS The genotype at the IL-6 to -174G/C polymorphism is associated with common carotid artery IMT, although the size of the genetic effect is small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongani M Mayosi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Bleumink GS, Schut AFC, Sturkenboom MCJM, Deckers JW, van Duijn CM, Stricker BHC. Genetic polymorphisms and heart failure. Genet Med 2005; 6:465-74. [PMID: 15545741 DOI: 10.1097/01.gim.0000144061.70494.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome. There is evidence for a genetic contribution to the pathophysiology of heart failure. Considering the fundamental role of neurohormonal factors in the pathophysiology and progression of cardiac dysfunction and hypertrophy, variants of genes involved in this system are logical candidate genes in heart failure. In this report, genetic polymorphisms of the major neurohormonal systems in heart failure will be discussed. Studies on polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), adrenergic receptor polymorphisms, endothelin (receptor) polymorphisms, and a group of miscellaneous polymorphisms that may be involved in the development or phenotypic expression of heart failure will be reviewed. Research on left ventricular hypertrophy is also included. The majority of genetic association studies focused on the ACE I/D polymorphism. Initial genetic associations have often been difficult to replicate, mainly due to problems in study design and lack of power. Promising results have been obtained with genetic polymorphisms of the RAAS and sympathetic system. Considering the evidence so far, a modifying role for these polymorphisms seems more likely than a role of these variants as susceptibility genes. Besides the need for larger studies to examine the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes, future studies also need to focus on the complexity of these systems and study gene-gene interactions and gene-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gysèle S Bleumink
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Keavney B, Mayosi B, Gaukrodger N, Imrie H, Baker M, Fraser R, Ingram M, Watkins H, Farrall M, Davies E, Connell J. Genetic variation at the locus encompassing 11-beta hydroxylase and aldosterone synthase accounts for heritability in cortisol precursor (11-deoxycortisol) urinary metabolite excretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90:1072-7. [PMID: 15522937 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2004-0870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variation in the gene encoding aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) has previously been shown to be associated with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. The intermediate phenotype most consistently associated with variation at this locus is that of elevated plasma 11-deoxycortisol (S). However, in normal subjects, aldosterone synthase does not metabolize S, which is converted to cortisol (F) by the enzyme 11 beta hydroxylase, encoded by the gene CYP11B1, which lies adjacent to CYP11B2 on chromosome 8. It is possible that the quantitative trait locus for the phenotype is within CYP11B1 and that linkage disequilibrium across the extended locus could account for these observations. However, variation across the whole CYP11B1/B2 locus had not been extensively characterized with respect to these phenotypes. We genotyped six polymorphisms in the CYP11B2 gene and three polymorphisms in the CYP11B1 gene in 248 Caucasian nuclear families comprising 1428 individuals. We measured plasma levels of S and F in 460 individuals from 86 families and urinary excretion rates of tetrahydrodeoxycortisol (THS) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone in 573 individuals from 105 families. We examined heritability of the phenotypes and their association with genotypes and haplotypes at this locus. All steroid phenotypes except urinary tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone were highly heritable (P < 0.00001). There was strong linkage disequilibrium across the CYP11B1/B2 locus. There was modest evidence for association between polymorphisms of CYP11B2 and plasma levels of S (P = 0.02 for T4986C polymorphism) and the plasma S to F ratio, reflecting the activity of 11-beta hydroxylase (P = 0.01 for T4986C polymorphism). There was strong evidence for association between polymorphisms of both CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 and urinary THS, which was strongest for the CYP11B1 exon 1 polymorphism (P = 0.00002). Addition of other marker data to CYP11B1 exon 1 did not improve the fit of a log-linear model. Genotype at CYP11B1 explained approximately 5% of the variance in urinary THS excretion in the population. Thus, it is likely that linkage disequilibrium between causative CYP11B1 variants and CYP11B2 polymorphisms account for the previous observations. Further fine-mapping studies across the CYP11B1 locus are required to localize the causative variant(s) for the biochemical phenotype; this may also identify susceptibility alleles for hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy.
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