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Chauhan K, Dave VP, de Ribot FM, Agrawal R, Sallam AB, Andayani G, Chang CJ, Hsiao CH, Bastion MLC, Hattenbach LO, Pathengay A, Pappuru RR. Traumatic retinal detachment: A contemporary update. Surv Ophthalmol 2024:S0039-6257(24)00101-2. [PMID: 39222801 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Retinal detachment following ocular trauma (TrRD) is one of the leading causes of blindness and visual impairment worldwide. In the absence of a standardized definition, the diagnosis of traumatic retinal detachment relies on identifying a history of trauma that precedes the detachment. There is an increasing pool of data regarding the etiology and epidemiology of TrRD.Various causes of TrRD mentioned in the literature include work-related eye trauma in construction and manufacturing industries, sports injuries, explosive eye injuries, road traffic accidents, and intraocular foreign bodies. Although there is extensive literature on post-trauma retinal detachments, a comprehensive discussion of its pathogenesis, management, outcomes, and complications is lacking. This article offers an in-depth review of the epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of TrRD based on the current literature. A literature review was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar using the keywords 'ocular trauma,' 'traumatic retinal detachments,' 'open globe injury,' 'closed globe injury,' and 'post-traumatic retinal detachment.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Chauhan
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India; Academy for eye Care Education, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India
| | - Vivek Pravin Dave
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India.
| | | | - Rupesh Agrawal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore
| | - Ahmed B Sallam
- Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Gitalisa Andayani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia; Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Chia-Jen Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hao Hsiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mae-Lynn Catherine Bastion
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Lars-Olof Hattenbach
- Commission for Cross-Sectoral Ophthalmology of the DOG (German Ophthalmological Society e. V.) and BVA (Professional Association of German Ophthalmologists), Munich/Düsseldorf, Germany; Eye Clinic, Ludwigshafen Hospital, Bremserstr. 79, 67063 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Avinash Pathengay
- Retina and Vitreous Service, L V Prasad Eye Institute, GMR Varalakshmi Campus, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Rajeev Reddy Pappuru
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India
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Momenaei B, Wakabayashi T, Kazan AS, Oh GJ, Kozarsky S, Vander JF, Gupta OP, Yonekawa Y, Hsu J. Incidence and Outcomes of Recurrent Retinal Detachment after Cataract Surgery in Eyes with Prior Retinal Detachment Repair. Ophthalmol Retina 2024; 8:447-455. [PMID: 37989465 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence and outcomes of recurrent retinal detachment (RD) after cataract extraction (CE). DESIGN Retrospective case series. SUBJECTS Phakic eyes with RD that were successfully repaired with pneumatic retinopexy (PR), scleral buckle (SB), pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), or combined PPV/SB and subsequently underwent cataract surgery. METHODS A retrospective review of phakic eyes that underwent successful RD repair followed by subsequent cataract surgery between April 2012 and January 2023 was performed. Patients with multiple RD surgeries before CE and those with silicone oil tamponade before cataract surgery were excluded. Eyes that redetached were matched 1:2 with eyes that did not redetach after cataract surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incidence of redetachment after cataract surgery as well as visual and anatomic outcomes at 6 months after first redetachment and at the final visit. RESULTS Of 4833 phakic eyes at the time of initial RD, 1893 patients (39.2%) underwent cataract surgery. After applying exclusion criteria, 763 patients were included. The mean (standard deviation) duration of follow-up was 48.4 (29.1) months. The overall incidence of retinal redetachment after cataract surgery was 2.5% (19/763 eyes). The rate of redetachment based on the type of initial RD repair was 9.1% (1/11), 5.3% (2/38), 2.8% (9/317), and 1.8% (7/397) for PR, SB, PPV, and combined PPV/SB, respectively (P = 0.24). The median (interquartile range [IQR]; range) duration between the cataract surgery and first redetachment was 301 (104-1222; 8-2760) days. Single surgery anatomic success for the RD repair after cataract surgery was achieved in 17 eyes (89.5%) at 3 months and 14 eyes (73.7%) at 6 months and at the final visit. Final anatomic success rate for reattachment was 100% (19/19). The median (IQR) logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution visual acuity (VA) at the final visit was 1.00 (0.18-2.00, Snellen equivalent, 20/200) with significant worsening compared with vision after cataract surgery (0.18 [0.10-0.48], 20/30) (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Recurrent RD was not uncommon in patients with a prior history of RD repair after CE. Reoperation resulted in relatively favorable anatomic success but there were declines in VA. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Momenaei
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians-Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Taku Wakabayashi
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians-Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Adina S Kazan
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Glenn J Oh
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Scott Kozarsky
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James F Vander
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians-Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Omesh P Gupta
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians-Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yoshihiro Yonekawa
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians-Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jason Hsu
- The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Wills Eye Physicians-Mid Atlantic Retina, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Ge JY, Teo ZL, Chee ML, Tham YC, Rim TH, Cheng CY, Wong TY, Wong EYM, Lee SY, Cheung N. International incidence and temporal trends for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Surv Ophthalmol 2024; 69:330-336. [PMID: 38000699 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
We set out to estimate the international incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and to evaluate its temporal trend over time. There is a lack of robust estimates on the worldwide incidence and trend for RRD, a major cause of acute vision loss. We conducted a systematic review of RRD incidence. The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Thomson Reuters' Web of Science were searched from inception through 2nd June 2022. Random-effects meta-analysis model with logit transformation was performed to obtain pooled annual incidence estimates of RRD. Pooled analysis was performed to evaluate the temporal trend of RRD incidence of the 20,958 records identified from the database searches; 33 studies from 21 countries were included for analysis (274,836 cases of RRD in 273,977 persons). Three of the 6 global regions as defined by WHO had studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. The annual international incidence of RRD was estimated to be 12.17 (95% confidence interval [CI] 10.51-14.09) per 100,000 population; with an increasing temporal trend of RRD at 5.4 per 100,000 per decade (p 0.001) from 1997 to 2019. Amongst world regions, the RRD incidence was highest in Europe (14.52 [95% CI 11.79 - 17.88] per 100,000 population), followed by Western Pacific (10.55 [95% CI 8.71-12.75] per 100,000 population) and Regions of Americas (8.95 [95% CI 6.73-11.92] per 100,000 population). About one in 10,000 persons develop RRD each year. There is evidence of increasing trend for RRD incidence over time, with possibly doubling of the current incidence rate within the next 2 decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Yaowei Ge
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Zhen Ling Teo
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Miao Li Chee
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Yih-Chung Tham
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Centre for Innovation and Precision Eye Health, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | | | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Centre for Innovation and Precision Eye Health, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shu Yen Lee
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Ning Cheung
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
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Fung TH, Yim TW, Lois N, Wright DM, Liu SH, Williamson T. Face-down positioning or posturing after pars plana vitrectomy for macula-involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024; 3:CD015514. [PMID: 38488250 PMCID: PMC10941635 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd015514.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A macula-involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is one of the most common ophthalmic surgical emergencies and causes significant visual morbidity. Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with gas tamponade is often performed to repair primary macula-involving RRDs with a high rate of anatomical retinal reattachment. It has been advocated by some ophthalmologists that face-down positioning after PPV and gas tamponade helps reduce postoperative retinal displacement. Retinal displacement can cause metamorphopsia and binocular diplopia. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this review is to determine whether face-down positioning reduces the risk of retinal displacement following PPV and gas tamponade for primary macula-involving RRDs. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Trials Register) (2022, Issue 11), MEDLINE (January 1946 to 28 November 2022), Embase.com (January 1947 to 28 November 2022), PubMed (1948 to 28 November 2022), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature database (1982 to 28 November 2022), ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. We did not use any date or language restrictions in the electronic search. We last searched the electronic databases on 28 November 2022. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which face-down positioning was compared with no positioning or another form of positioning following PPV and gas tamponade for primary macula-involving RRDs. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methodology and assessed the certainty of the body of evidence for the prespecified outcomes using the GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS We identified three RCTs (369 eyes of 368 participants) that met the eligibility criteria. Two RCTs provided data on postoperative retinal displacement, one reported on postoperative distortion and quality of life outcomes, two on postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in logMAR, and two on postoperative ocular adverse events such as outer retinal folds. Study characteristics and risk of bias All the trials involved predominantly male participants (range: 68% to 72%). Only one trial provided race and ethnicity information, was registered on a trial registry, and reported funding sources. Using the RoB 2 tool, we assessed the risk of bias for proportion of eyes with retinal displacement, mean change in visual acuity, objective distortion scores, quality of life assessments, and ocular adverse events, with most domains judged to be at low risk of bias. Findings Immediate face-down positioning may result in a lower proportion of participants with postoperative retinal displacement compared with support-the-break positioning at six months (risk ratio [RR] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54 to 0.99; 1 RCT; 239 eyes of 239 participants; very low certainty evidence). One study found no evidence of a difference in BCVA at three months when comparing postoperative face-up with face-down positioning with or without perfluorocarbon liquid (mean difference [MD] -0.03, 95% CI -0.09 to 0.02; I2 = 0; 56 eyes of 56 participants; very low certainty evidence). Immediate face-down positioning appears to have little to no effect on postoperative distortion scores at week 26 (MD 1.80, 95% CI -1.92 to 5.52; 1 RCT; 219 eyes of 219 participants; very low certainty evidence) and postoperative quality of life assessment scores at week 26 (MD -1.80, 95% CI -5.52 to 1.92; 1 RCT; 217 eyes of 217 participants; very low certainty evidence). Adverse events One study that enrolled 262 participants with macula-involving RRDs suggested that immediate face-down positioning after PPV and gas tamponade may reduce the ocular adverse event of postoperative outer retinal folds at six months (RR 0.39, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.90; 1 RCT; 262 eyes of 262 participants; very low certainty evidence) and binocular diplopia (RR 0.20, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.90; 1 RCT; 262 eyes of 262 participants; very low certainty evidence) compared with support-the-break positioning. Immediate face-down positioning may increase the ocular adverse event of elevated intraocular pressure compared with support-the-break positioning (RR 1.74, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.73; 1 RCT; 262 eyes of 262 participants; very low certainty evidence). Another study found no evidence of a difference in postoperative outer retinal folds when comparing face-down versus face-up positioning at one and three months (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.50 to 2.02; RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.28 to 3.61; 1 RCT; 56 eyes of 56 participants; very low certainty evidence). No studies reported non-ocular adverse events. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Very low certainty evidence suggests that immediate face-down positioning after PPV and gas tamponade may result in a reduction in postoperative retinal displacement, outer retinal folds, and binocular diplopia, but may increase the chance of postoperative raised intraocular pressure compared with support-the-break positioning at six months. We identified two ongoing trials that compare face-down positioning with face-up positioning following PPV and gas tamponade in participants with primary macula-involving RRDs, whose results may provide relevant evidence for our stated objectives. Future trials should be rigorously designed, and investigators should analyze outcome data appropriately and report adequate information to provide evidence of high certainty. Quality of life and patient preferences should be examined in addition to clinical and adverse event outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tsz Wing Yim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Noemi Lois
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - David M Wright
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Su-Hsun Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Morano MJ, Khan MA, Zhang Q, Halfpenny CP, Wisner DM, Sharpe J, Li A, Tomaiuolo M, Haller JA, Hyman L, Ho AC. Incidence and Risk Factors for Retinal Detachment and Retinal Tear after Cataract Surgery: IRIS® Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight) Analysis. OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE 2023; 3:100314. [PMID: 37274012 PMCID: PMC10239011 DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2023.100314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective To report the incidence of and evaluate demographic, ocular comorbidities, and intraoperative factors for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and retinal tear (RT) after cataract surgery in the American Academy of Ophthalmology IRIS® Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight). Design Retrospective cohort study. Participants Patients aged ≥ 40 years who underwent cataract surgery between 2014 and 2017. Methods Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate demographic, comorbidity, and intraoperative factors associated with RRD and RT after cataract surgery. Main Outcome Measures Incidence and risk factors for RRD or RT within 1 year of cataract surgery. Results Of the 3 177 195 eyes of 1 983 712 patients included, 6690 (0.21%) developed RRD and 5489 (0.17%) developed RT without RRD within 1 year after cataract surgery. Multivariable logistic regression odds ratios (ORs) showed increased risk of RRD and RT, respectively, among men (OR 3.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.99-3.32; P < 0.001 and 1.79; 95% CI, 1.70-1.89; P < 0.001), and younger ages compared with patients aged > 70, peaking at age 40 to 50 for RRD (8.61; 95% CI, 7.74-9.58; P < 0.001) and age 50 to 60 for RT (2.74; 95% CI, 2.52-2.98; P < 0.001). Increased odds of RRD were observed for procedure eyes with lattice degeneration (LD) (10.53; 95% CI, 9.82-11.28; P < 0.001), hypermature cataract (1.61; 95% CI, 1.06-2.45; P = 0.03), complex cataract surgery (1.52; 95% CI, 1.4-1.66; P < 0.001), posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) (1.24; 95% CI, 1.15-1.34; P < 0.001), and high myopia (1.2; 95% CI, 1.14-1.27; P < 0.001). Lattice degeneration conferred the highest odds of RT (43.86; 95% CI, 41.39-46.49; P < 0.001). Conclusion In the IRIS Registry, RRD occurs in approximately 1 in 500 cataract surgeries in patients aged > 40 years within 1 year of surgery. The presence of LD conferred the highest odds for RRD and RT after surgery. Additional risk factors for RRD included male gender, younger age, hypermature cataract, PVD, and high myopia. These data may be useful during the informed consent process for cataract surgery and help identify patients at a higher risk of retinal complications. Financial Disclosures The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Ali Khan
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Vickie and Jack Farber Vision Research Center at Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Colleen P. Halfpenny
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Douglas M. Wisner
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James Sharpe
- Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Vickie and Jack Farber Vision Research Center at Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexander Li
- Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Vickie and Jack Farber Vision Research Center at Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maurizio Tomaiuolo
- Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Vickie and Jack Farber Vision Research Center at Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Julia A. Haller
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Leslie Hyman
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Vickie and Jack Farber Vision Research Center at Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Allen C. Ho
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - IRIS Registry Analytic Center Consortium
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Vickie and Jack Farber Vision Research Center at Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Govers BM, van Huet RAC, Roosing S, Keijser S, Los LI, den Hollander AI, Klevering BJ. The genetics and disease mechanisms of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Prog Retin Eye Res 2023; 97:101158. [PMID: 36621380 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a sight threatening condition that warrants immediate surgical intervention. To date, 29 genes have been associated with monogenic disorders involving RRD. In addition, RRD can occur as a multifactorial disease through a combined effect of multiple genetic variants and non-genetic risk factors. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the spectrum of hereditary disorders involving RRD. We discuss genotype-phenotype correlations of these monogenic disorders, and describe genetic variants associated with RRD through multifactorial inheritance. Furthermore, we evaluate our current understanding of the molecular disease mechanisms of RRD-associated genetic variants on collagen proteins, proteoglycan versican, and the TGF-β pathway. Finally, we review the role of genetics in patient management and prevention of RRD. We provide recommendations for genetic testing and prophylaxis of at-risk patients, and hypothesize on novel therapeutic approaches beyond surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit M Govers
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ramon A C van Huet
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne Roosing
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sander Keijser
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leonoor I Los
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anneke I den Hollander
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; AbbVie, Genomics Research Center, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - B Jeroen Klevering
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Ludwig CA, Vail D, Al-Moujahed A, Callaway NF, Saroj N, Moshfeghi A, Moshfeghi DM. Epidemiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in commercially insured myopes in the United States. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9430. [PMID: 37296124 PMCID: PMC10256775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35520-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Myopia is a known risk factor for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Given global trends of increasing myopia, we aimed to determine the absolute risk (incidence rate) of RRD in non-myopes, myopes and high myopes in the United States over ten years. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 85,476,781 commercially insured patients enrolled in the Merative™ Marketscan® Research Database. The incidence rate of RRD in phakic patients in the United States was 39-fold higher in high myopes than non-myopes (868.83 per 100,000 person-years versus 22.44 per 100,000 person-years) and three-fold higher in myopes than non-myopes (67.51 per 100,000 person-years versus 22.44 per 100,000 person-years). The incidence rate was significantly higher in males in each category (P < 0.01). Combined, the incidence rate of RRD in phakic patients in the United States from 2007 to 2016 was 25.27 RRDs per 100,000 person-years, a rate higher than those in prior published studies in North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. The absolute risk of myopia and high myopia increased from 2007 to 2016. The risk of RRD in phakic high myopes rose with increasing age. Notably, the magnitude of increased risk of RRD in myopes varied substantially according to the minimum follow-up period in our models and should be accounted for when interpreting data analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassie A Ludwig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Daniel Vail
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ahmad Al-Moujahed
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
- Retina Department, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalia F Callaway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | | | - Andrew Moshfeghi
- Department of Ophthalmology, USC Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Darius M Moshfeghi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
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Nowak MS, Żurek M, Grabska-Liberek I, Kanclerz P. First Nation-Wide Study of the Incidence and Characteristics of Retinal Detachment in Poland during 2013-2019. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041461. [PMID: 36835996 PMCID: PMC9958566 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The present study aimed to analyze the incidence and characteristics of all types of retinal detachment (RD) in the overall population of Polish adults during 2013-2019. METHODS Data from all levels of healthcare services at public and private institutions recorded in the National Health Fund (NHF) database were evaluated. International Classification of Diseases codes (ICD-9 and ICD-10) and unique NHF codes were used to identify RD patients and RD treatment procedures. RESULTS In the period 2013-2019, 71,073 patients with RD were newly diagnosed in Poland. The average incidence was 32.64/100,000 person-years (95% CI: 31.28-33.99) and it increased with the age of patients, with the highest rate in the group of patients ≥70 years of age. The overall incidences of rhegmatogenous RD, traction RD, serous RD, other RD and unspecified RD were 13.72/100,000, 2.03/100,000, 1.02/100,000, 7.90/100,000 and 7.97/100,000 person-years, respectively. The most common surgical treatment for RD in Poland was PPV performed on average in 49.80% of RD patients. The risk factor analyses showed that rhegmatogenous RD was significantly associated with age (OR 1.026), male sex (OR 2.320), rural residence (OR 0.958), DM type 2 (OR 1.603), any DR (OR 2.109), myopia (OR 2.997), glaucoma (OR 2.169) and uveitis (OR 2.561). Traction RD was also significantly associated with age (OR 1.013) and male sex (OR 2.785) as well as with any DR (OR 2.493), myopia (OR 2.255), glaucoma (OR 1.904) and uveitis (OR 4.214). Serous RD was significantly associated with all analyzed risk factors except DM type 2. CONCLUSIONS The total incidence of retinal detachment in Poland was higher than found in previously published studies. Our study demonstrated that diabetes type 1 and diabetic retinopathy are risk factors of development of serous RD, which is presumably associated with the disruption of the blood-retinal barriers in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Szymon Nowak
- Institute of Optics and Optometry, University of Social Science, 121 Gdanska Str., 90-519 Lodz, Poland
- Provisus Eye Clinic, 112 Redzinska Str., 42-209 Czestochowa, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-888-80-10-10
| | - Michał Żurek
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 61 Zwirki and Wigury Str., 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Analyses and Strategies, Ministry of Health, 15 Miodowa Str., 00-952 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Grabska-Liberek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 231 Czerniakowska Str., 01-416 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Kanclerz
- Hygeia Medical Clinic, Department of Ophthalmology, 80-286 Gdansk, Poland
- Helsinki Retina Research Group, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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9
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Fung T, Lois N, Wright DM, Liu SH, Williamson T. Face‐down positioning or posturing after vitrectomy for macula‐involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. THE COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2022. [PMCID: PMC9713859 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd015514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: The primary objective of this review is to determine whether face‐down positioning reduces the risk of retinal displacement following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and gas tamponade for macula‐involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Noemi Lois
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental MedicineQueen's UniversityBelfastUK
| | - David M Wright
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental MedicineQueen's UniversityBelfastUK
| | - Su-Hsun Liu
- Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA,Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA
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10
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Saraf SS, Lacy M, Hunt MS, Lee CS, Lee AY, Chee YE. Demographics and Seasonality of Retinal Detachment, Retinal Breaks, and Posterior Vitreous Detachment from the Intelligent Research in Sight Registry. OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE 2022; 2:100145. [PMID: 36249681 PMCID: PMC9559074 DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2022.100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the incidence, seasonal variation, and differences among age, sex, and race for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair, retinal break (RB) treatment, and posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in the Intelligent Research in Sight (IRIS) Registry. Design Retrospective database study. Participants Patients in the IRIS Registry who underwent RRD repair, RB treatment, or cataract surgery (CS) based on Current Procedural Terminology codes and PVD diagnosis based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revision, codes. Methods Daily incidence rates were defined as the ratio of patients who underwent RRD repair or RB treatment and patients with a diagnosis of PVD to the total number of patients followed on a given day within the IRIS Registry. The CS group was included as a comparison for seasonal variation. Rates were stratified by decade of life, sex, and race. Main Outcome Measures Time series trends for incidence rates of RRD, RB, and PVD. Results A total of 7 115 774 patients received a diagnosis of incident PVD, 237 646 patients underwent RRD repair, and 359 022 patients underwent RB treatment. Also included were 5 940 448 patients who underwent CS. The mean daily incidence for RRD repair, RB treatment, PVD diagnosis, and CS were 0.46 per 100 000 patients, 0.70 per 100 000 patients, 13.90 per 100 000 patients, and 11.80 per 100 000 patients, respectively. Men showed higher incidence of RRD repair and RB treatment than women, whereas women showed higher incidence of PVD diagnosis. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment incidence was higher in White people compared with other races. Seasonal decreases in PVD, RB treatment, RRD repair, and CS corresponded to national holidays, with larger decreases in winter months. Kaplan-Meier estimates showed that RRD repair and RB treatment typically occurred within 60 days of PVD diagnosis. Conclusions Within the IRIS Registry, the highest incidence of RRD was in the 6th and 7th decade of life. There was a higher incidence of RRD repair and RB treatment in men compared with women. The seasonal variation associated with national holidays was less pronounced for RRD repair and RB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven S. Saraf
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Correspondence: Steven S. Saraf, MD, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, 325 Ninth Avenue, Box 359608, Seattle, WA 98104.
| | - Megan Lacy
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Matthew S. Hunt
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Cecilia S. Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Karalis Johnson Retina Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Aaron Y. Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Karalis Johnson Retina Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yewlin E. Chee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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11
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Aydinlou ZH, Vaezi H, Bonyadi M, Rafat A, Jabbarpoor Bonyadi MH, Soheilian M. Role of CFH Y402H and ARMS2 A69S polymorphisms in susceptibility to post rhegmatogenous retinal detachment macular complications. Ophthalmic Genet 2022; 43:446-449. [PMID: 35236246 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2022.2045510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is the most common type of retinal detachment. Purpose of this study is to evaluate the possible association of ARMS2 (age-related macular susceptibility 2) A69S and CFH (complement factor H) Y402H polymorphisms with post-surgical macular complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and two RRD patients with macular involvement and proliferative vitreoretinopathy grade A prospectively were enrolled in the study. All patients were genotyped for two polymorphisms of CFH Y402H and ARMS2 A69S by applying Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). Scleral buckling or deep vitrectomy performed based on surgeon decision. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) for all patients was performed on three, six, and twelve months after operation. RESULTS The ARMS2 A69S GT genotype showed significant association with postoperative cystoid macular edema (OR = 3.11, P = 0.039). Logistic regression analysis showed that the effect of ARMS2 GT vs GG genotype remained significant on CME after confounding factors correction. (ARMS2 GT vs GG OR = 4.79, p value = 0.035). No association was observed between studied genotypes and postoperative persistent subfoveal fluid, macular atrophy, and macular epiretinal membrane. CONCLUSIONS The ARMS2 A69S GT genotype was significantly associated with postoperative cystoid macular edema in RRD cases with macular involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hassanpour Aydinlou
- Center of Excellence for Biodiversity, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Helaleh Vaezi
- Center of Excellence for Biodiversity, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mortaza Bonyadi
- Center of Excellence for Biodiversity, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Rafat
- Department of Animal Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Soheilian
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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WIDJAJA SAULIARI, HIRATSUKA YOSHIMUNE, ONO KOICHI, FIRMANSJAH MUHAMMAD, SASONO WIMBO, MURAKAMI AKIRA. The Impact of Travel Distance to Delayed Presentation and Follow-up Attendance of Retinal Detachment Cases in Surabaya, Indonesia. JUNTENDO IJI ZASSHI = JUNTENDO MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 68:36-43. [PMID: 38911010 PMCID: PMC11189794 DOI: 10.14789/jmj.jmj21-0024-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Objectives To assess the delayed presentation of Retinal Detachment (RD), its association from travel distance to the referral hospital (TDH), the period from symptom onset to consultation (SO-C), Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) severity, and 6 months follow-up attendance (6mo-FA). Method A retrospective review based on medical records. Age, sex, initial best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), TDH, SO-C, PVR type, and 6mo-FA were recorded. Multivariable ordered logistic regression was used to analyze the association between TDH and SO-C, and SO-C and PVR severity. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze 6mo-FA according to TDH. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association between initial BCVA and TDH. Age and sex were included in all multivariable adjustments. Results A total of 387 patients had RD with 59.2% predominantly males and the mean age±SD was 46.3±13.9 years. The initial BCVA of less than 3/60 was 81.1%. The averages of SO-C and TDH were 183.5±456 days and 160.9±364 km, respectively. The TDH of more than 120 km distance was significantly associated with longer SO-C (adjusted OR 1.78; CI 95% 1.09-2.92). PVR was noted in 17.6% of patients. The SO-C of 31-60 days was significantly associated with PVR severity (adjusted OR 4.28; CI 95% 1.47-12.51). The TDH of more than 120 km distance was significantly associated with 6mo-FA (adjusted OR 0.46; CI 95% 0.27-0.93). Conclusions Long TDH was significantly associated with a longer period from symptom onset to consultation and 6mo-FA. Hence, accessible eye care is essential to refer RD cases in a timely fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- SAULI ARI WIDJAJA
- Corresponding author: Sauli Ari Widjaja (ORCiD: 0000-0002-7033-524X), Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan, TEL: +81-3-3813-5537 Cellular phone: +62-8123001724 E-mail: /
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13
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Oku K, Tokutsu K, Matsuda S, Kondo H. Epidemiologic study of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Japan from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database over a 2-year period (2014-2015). Jpn J Ophthalmol 2021; 65:797-802. [PMID: 34463875 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-021-00867-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) and proliferative vitreoretinopathies (PVRs) and their distribution by age and sex in hospitalized patients in Japan. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective nationwide observational study. METHODS Information on the number of inpatients primarily diagnosed with RRD or PVR and their age and sex were collected from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) database for 2014 and 2015. The incidence was determined using the Japanese population report published by the Public Management Ministry's Statistics Bureau. RESULTS The incidence of RRD in these hospitalized patients was 10.9/100,000, with 15.0/100,000 in men and 7.1/100,000 in women, and that of PVR was 2.1/100,000, with 2.9/100,000 in men and 1.3/100,000 in women. The incidence in men was twice that in women for both RRD and PVR. The distribution of RRD by age was monophasic, with a peak at 50 years for both sexes, and that of PVR was at peak in the 60 s for men and in the 70 s for women. PVR was more common than RRD in children aged younger than 10 years, but the incidence of RRD was higher in the other age groups. CONCLUSION A study of the DPC database can provide useful information on the incidences of RRD and PVR in hospitalized patients in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Oku
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Yahatanishiku, Iseigaoka, Kitakyushu, 807-8556, Japan
| | - Kei Tokutsu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shinya Matsuda
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kondo
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Yahatanishiku, Iseigaoka, Kitakyushu, 807-8556, Japan.
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14
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Lee T, Robbins CB, Feng HL, Fekrat S. Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in the Setting of Endophthalmitis: Risk Factors and Visual Outcomes. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2021; 52:257-262. [PMID: 34044714 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20210429-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To investigate risk factors for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and visual acuity (VA) in eyes with RRD after developing endophthalmitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective comparative study of 133 eyes with endophthalmitis at a tertiary center between 2009 and 2018. Demographics, exam findings, interventions, and outcomes were assessed. Cases of RRD within 6 months after onset of endophthalmitis were further analyzed. RESULTS Seventeen eyes (12.7%) with endophthalmitis developed RRD. Endogenous etiology was associated with higher rate of RRD (P = .038). Eyes that developed RRD had worse VA (20/3271) at 6 months (20/236; P = .001). Excluding the six eyes with macula-off RRD, VA for the remaining 11 eyes that developed RRD (20/1213) was similar to those without RRD (20/236; P = .095). CONCLUSIONS Endogenous etiology of endophthalmitis was associated with a higher rate of RRD. Eyes with successful RRD repair had outcomes similar to eyes that did not develop RRD. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2021;52:257-262.].
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15
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Association of meteorological factors with the frequency of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Japan. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9559. [PMID: 33953247 PMCID: PMC8100297 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88979-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This 5-year ecological study assessed the association between meteorological factors and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) frequency in 571 eyes of 543 cases of primary RRD at the Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Japan. We examined the monthly and seasonal distributions of RRD frequency using one-way analysis of variance. We then evaluated the relationship between monthly RRD frequency and 36 meteorological parameters using Poisson regression analysis. Furthermore, we developed multivariate regression models to predict the frequency of RRD based on specific meteorological parameters. There were no significant differences in the monthly and seasonal distributions (monthly, P = 0.99; seasonal, P = 0.77). The following eight parameters were associated with a lower RRD frequency: average sea level barometric pressure and average daily variation of average temperature, maximum temperature, maximum wind speed, maximum instantaneous wind speed, humidity, average sea level barometric pressure, and minimum sea level barometric pressure (P < 0.05). The best model to predict RRD frequency showed sufficient validity (Akaike’s information criterion with correction for small sample size = 332.0) and predictive power (proportion of variance explained by cross-validation method = 84.82%, 95% CI 72.18–93.72). In conclusion, low atmospheric pressure and high meteorological stability are significantly associated with a higher frequency of RRD. In addition, the Poisson regression analysis showed sufficient validity and predictability for predicting RRD frequency.
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16
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Schranz M, Georgopoulos M, Sacu S, Reumueller A, Reiter GS, Mylonas G, Schmidt-Erfurth U, Pollreisz A. Incidence and surgical care of retinal detachment during the first SARS-CoV-2 lockdown period at a tertiary referral center in Austria. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248010. [PMID: 33684142 PMCID: PMC7939259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the influence of the SARS-CoV-2 lockdown in spring on frequency, severity and quality of care of rhegmatogeneous retinal detachments (RRD) in a tertiary referral center in Vienna, Austria. Methods Single center, consecutive case series with historical controls. Patients presenting with primary RRD during the first Austrian SARS-CoV-2 lockdown (March 16th–May 3rd 2020) and a corresponding control group consisting of the same time period of the preceding 3 years. Results The mean number of patients with RD in the reference group (RG) was 22 (± 1) and in the lockdown group (LG) 15. Median total delay, defined as onset of symptoms until surgery, in the RG was 5 (lower quartile: 3.0; upper quartile: 8.0) compared to 7 (3.0; 12.0) days in the LG, (p = 0.740). During the lockdown 67% of patients were referred from an external ophthalmologist compared to 52% in the RG, (p = 0.395). 34% of patients in the RG presented with an attached macula compared to 33% in the LG (p = 0.597). PVR was present in 49% of cases in the RG compared to 73% in the LG. Single surgery success (SSS) rates were lower in the LG (73.3%) compared to the RG (85.3%), (p = 0.275). Conclusion Patients with RRD during the SARS-CoV-2 lockdown presented and were treated within acceptable time limits, showed the same macula-on ratios but a higher PVR rate and a tendency towards worse SSS rates compared to the time period of the preceding 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schranz
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Georgopoulos
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Sacu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adrian Reumueller
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor S. Reiter
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- OPTIMA, Christian Doppler Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georgios Mylonas
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- OPTIMA, Christian Doppler Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Pollreisz
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
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17
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Ben Ghezala I, Mariet AS, Benzenine E, Gabrielle PH, Baudin F, Bron AM, Quantin C, Creuzot-Garcher CP. Incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in France from 2010 to 2016: seasonal and geographical variations. Br J Ophthalmol 2021; 106:1093-1097. [PMID: 33658231 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the annual and monthly hospital incidence rate of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) from 2010 to 2016 in France at the national and regional levels. METHODS In this nationwide database study, we identified hospital and clinic admissions of French residents for a first episode of RRD in France during 2010-2016 from the national administrative database. The annual and monthly hospital incidence rates of RRD per 100 000 population were calculated for the whole country and for each region. RESULTS The average annual national hospital incidence rate of RRD was 21.97±1.04 per 100 000 population. The annual national hospital incidence rate of RRD was the lowest in 2010 (20.91 per 100 000 population) after which it increased until 2015 (23.55 per 100 000 population). The average monthly national RRD hospital incidence rate was the highest in June (2.03±0.12 per 100 000 population) and the lowest in August (1.60±0.09). The average annual age-standardised and sex-standardised regional hospital incidence rate was the highest in Guadeloupe and Pays de la Loire (28.30±2.74 and 26.13±0.84 per 100 000 population, respectively) and the lowest in French Guiana and Martinique (15.51±3.50 and 17.29±2.12 per 100 000 population, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The average annual national hospital incidence rate of RRD increased from 2010 to 2015. The hospital incidence rate of RRD seemed to vary according to season and geographical location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Ben Ghezala
- Ophthalmology Department, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Anne Sophie Mariet
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (DIM), Dijon University Hospital, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Dijon, France.,INSERM, CIC 1432, Dijon, France.,Clinical Epidemiology/Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Investigation Center, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Eric Benzenine
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (DIM), Dijon University Hospital, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Henry Gabrielle
- Ophthalmology Department, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France.,Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, UMR1324, INRAE, 6265 CNRS, Dijon, France
| | - Florian Baudin
- Ophthalmology Department, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Alain M Bron
- Ophthalmology Department, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France.,Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, UMR1324, INRAE, 6265 CNRS, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Quantin
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (DIM), Dijon University Hospital, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Dijon, France.,INSERM, CIC 1432, Dijon, France.,Clinical Epidemiology/Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Investigation Center, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France.,Biostatistics, Biomathematics, Pharmacoepidemiology and Infectious Diseases (B2PHI), INSERM, UVSQ, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Catherine P Creuzot-Garcher
- Ophthalmology Department, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France.,Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, UMR1324, INRAE, 6265 CNRS, Dijon, France
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18
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Gerstenberger E, Stoffelns B, Nickels S, Münzel T, Wild PS, Beutel ME, Schmidtmann I, Lackner KJ, Pfeiffer N, Schuster AK. Incidence of Retinal Detachment in Germany: Results from the Gutenberg Health Study. Ophthalmologica 2020; 244:133-140. [PMID: 33197918 DOI: 10.1159/000513080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the incidence of retinal detachment in the German population and to assess potential risk factors. METHODS The Gutenberg Health Study is a population-based cohort study in Mainz, Germany, including subjects (n = 15,010) with an age range from 35 to 74 years at baseline examination. Study participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination including distant-corrected visual acuity, refraction and slit-lamp examination at baseline examination. A computer-assisted telephone interview was conducted after 2.5 and 5 years, and health events were recorded. The 5-year cumulative incidence of retinal detachment was computed for the study sample and stratified on age decades. Risk factors were analyzed using logistic regression including age, sex, spherical equivalent, pseudophakia and prior laser retinal therapy. RESULTS 13,416 participants (age 52.2 ± 10.7 years, 48.8% female) were included in this analysis. Twenty-eight subjects had a retinal detachment in one eye, no subject had a retinal detachment in both eyes. The 5-year cumulative incidence of retinal detachment was 0.21% (95% CI 0.14-0.31%), the incidence rate was 42/100,000 person-years. Risk factors were male sex (OR 4.16, p = 0.004), pseudophakia (OR 3.93, p = 0.045) and myopia (OR 1.31 per diopter myopia, p < 0.0001), but not prior retinal laser therapy or age. CONCLUSION The incidence of retinal detachment in Germany at the age of 35-74 years is comparable to estimates from neighboring European countries. Risk factors are male sex, pseudophakia and myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Gerstenberger
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany,
| | - Bernhard Stoffelns
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Nickels
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Center for Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp S Wild
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.,Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred E Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Irene Schmidtmann
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl J Lackner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander K Schuster
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Qureshi MH, Steel DHW. Retinal detachment following cataract phacoemulsification-a review of the literature. Eye (Lond) 2020; 34:616-631. [PMID: 31576027 PMCID: PMC7093479 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0575-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A link between cataract surgery and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) has long been considered. Indeed, pseudophakic retinal detachment (PPRD) forms a substantial and increasing proportion of RRD. We reviewed the literature to answer the following questions: what is the incidence of PPRD in eyes following phacoemulsification cataract surgery and how does its risk change over time following surgery? We also sought to assess how the risk is modified by intraoperative factors (operative complications, surgeon grade, subsequent laser capsulotomy), intrinsic eye-related factors (laterality, myopia, previous RRD, previous trauma, previous PVD) and patient factors (sex, age, ethnicity, affluence, systemic comorbidities). Secondarily we asked how the incidence of PPRD after phacoemulsification compares with the RRD incidence in the general population and how identified risk factors contribute to the pathophysiology of PPRD. A search of the Medline and Ovid databases was conducted for relevant publications from 1990 onwards using defined search terms with pre planned inclusion and exclusion criteria. The 10-year PPRD incidence after phacoemulsification was identified as being between 0.36 and 2.9%. This decreases over time to 0.1-0.2% annually but remains above the general population. The PPRD risk is further elevated by (in order of decreasing effect) intraoperative vitreous loss, increasing axial length, younger age, male sex and trainee operating surgeons. The PPRD risk after phacoemulsification is approximately ten times the general population's RRD risk. This risk is modified by the interplay of a hierarchy of risk factors, of which intraoperative vitreous loss, myopia, age and sex have the biggest effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hamza Qureshi
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - David H W Steel
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
- Sunderland Eye Infirmary, Queen Alexandra Road, Sunderland, UK.
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Alabi RO, Turnbull ZA, Coombs PG, Wu Y, Orlin A, Chan RP, Kiss S, D'Amico DJ, Gupta MP. Assessing the value of preoperative medical clearance in patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 13:1711-1718. [PMID: 31564820 PMCID: PMC6732513 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s209681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine rates of intraoperative and postoperative systemic and ocular adverse events and establish the value of preoperative medical assessment in patients undergoing surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair at a single academic center. Patients and methods Retrospective cohort study of 185 patients undergoing surgery for repair of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) at a single academic center. Medical records were reviewed for medical comorbidities, completion of preoperative medical examination, anesthesia used during surgery, intraoperative adverse medical events, intraoperative ocular complications, and systemic and ocular postoperative complications. The main outcome of interest was the association of comorbidities and preoperative medical evaluation with intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results Approximately 48% of the patients presented with no medical comorbidities of interest. Formal preoperative evaluation by an independent medical provider was completed in 36% of the patients. Overall, intraoperative and postoperative systemic complications (5.7% and 1%, respectively) and intraoperative and postoperative ocular complications (0.5% for both) were uncommon. Patients with a history of chronic heart failure (OR 24.5, P=0.02) or who received general anesthesia (OR 9.56, P<0.001) had increased risk of having experienced any intraoperative or postoperative complication. No relationship between preoperative medical evaluation and intraoperative and postoperative complications was observed. Conclusion Patients undergoing surgery for RRD repair presented with fewer medical comorbidities than previously reported in patients undergoing all vitreoretinal surgeries. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were uncommon and were increased in patients with chronic heart failure or who received general anesthesia. Complications were not significantly associated with preoperative evaluation by an independent medical provider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolake O Alabi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zachary A Turnbull
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter G Coombs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yiyuan Wu
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Healthcare Policy & Research, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anton Orlin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rv Paul Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Szilard Kiss
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Donald J D'Amico
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mrinali P Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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Li JQ, Welchowski T, Schmid M, Holz FG, Finger RP. Incidence of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in Europe - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ophthalmologica 2019; 242:81-86. [PMID: 31230058 DOI: 10.1159/000499489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the prevalence and incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in Europe. METHODS A systematic review of the prevalence and incidence of RRD in Europe according to the meta-analyses of observational studies in epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines was performed using the databases PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science followed by a meta-analysis of incidence data. RESULTS 658 studies were identified, 76 full-text articles were assessed, and 5 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. Random-effects pooled mean annual incidence of RRD in Europe was 13.3 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (95% CI: 11.3-15.6) based on the examination of 95,765 individuals from the 5 incidence studies. No European studies reporting prevalence of retinal detachment were identified. CONCLUSION Published articles on the prevalence and incidence of RRD in Europe are limited. Further epidemiological research is needed for adequate healthcare planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeany Q Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,
| | - Thomas Welchowski
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank G Holz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Robert P Finger
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Cauldbeck H, Le Hellaye M, McDonald TO, Long M, Williams RL, Rannard SP, Kearns VR. Modulated release from implantable ocular silicone oil tamponade drug reservoirs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 56:938-946. [PMID: 29610546 PMCID: PMC5873246 DOI: 10.1002/pola.28973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Complicated cases of retinal detachment can be treated with silicone oil tamponades. There is the potential for silicone oil tamponades to have adjunctive drug releasing behaviour within the eye, however the lipophilic nature of silicone oil limits the number of drugs that are suitable, and drug release from the hydrophobic reservoir is uncontrolled. Here, a radiometric technique was developed to accurately measure drug solubility in silicone oil and measure release into culture media. All-trans retinoic acid (atRA), a lipophilic drug known to act as an anti-proliferative within the eye, was used throughout this work. Chain-end modification of polydimethylsiloxane with atRA produced a polydimethylsiloxane retinoate (PDMS-atRA), which was used as an additive to silicone oil to modify the solvent environment within the silicone oil and the distribution coefficient. Blends of PDMS-atRA and silicone oil containing different concentrations of free atRA were produced. The presence of PDMS-atRA in silicone oil had a positive effect on atRA solubility and the longevity of release in vitro. The drug release period was independent of atRA starting concentration and dependent on the PDMS-atRA concentration in the blend. A clinically relevant release period of atRA over 7 weeks from a silicone oil blend with PDMS-atRA was observed. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 938-946.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Cauldbeck
- Department of Eye and Vision Science University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 8TX United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool, Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD United Kingdom
| | - Maude Le Hellaye
- Department of Eye and Vision Science University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 8TX United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool, Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD United Kingdom
| | - Tom O McDonald
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool, Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD United Kingdom
| | - Mark Long
- Unilever Research & Development Port Sunlight Laboratory, Quarry Road East Bebington Wirral CH63 3JW United Kingdom
| | - Rachel L Williams
- Department of Eye and Vision Science University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 8TX United Kingdom
| | - Steve P Rannard
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool, Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD United Kingdom
| | - Victoria R Kearns
- Department of Eye and Vision Science University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 8TX United Kingdom
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Chan SWS, Khattak S, Yücel N, Gupta N, Yücel YH. A decade of surgical eye removals in Ontario: a clinical-pathological study. Can J Ophthalmol 2017; 52:486-493. [PMID: 28985809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2017.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess patient demographics, clinical indications, and pathologic causes of surgically removed eyes over a decade in Ontario (Canada) and to identify areas of ocular disease management needing more attention. DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS The surgically removed eyes of 713 consecutive mainly adult patients from 2004 to 2013. METHODS Demographic, clinical, and pathologic data were collected on all eyes received by the University of Toronto Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory from 2004 to 2013. RESULTS Of the 713 eyes removed, enucleations accounted for 60% of cases, eviscerations for 39% of cases, and exenteration for 1% of cases. The most common clinical indications for surgical eye removal were blind painful eye (37%), neoplasm (35%), and trauma (6%). The leading pathologic causes of eye removal were neoplasm (36%), glaucoma (21%), infection or inflammation (17%), and trauma (16%). Glaucoma-related findings were the most common pathologic findings observed (38%), regardless of the primary cause. CONCLUSIONS A blind painful eye and neoplasms were the most commonly documented indications prior to removal of the eye. Common pathologies included glaucoma, neoplasms, infection/inflammation, and trauma. However, regardless of the primary cause, glaucoma-related pathologies were the most common pathologic findings. Refractory eye disease and pain continue to be important reasons for removal of eyes among patients in Ontario. More effective and targeted management strategies are needed to reduce the need for this radical eye surgery of last resort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Wah Samuel Chan
- Keenan Research Centre at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - Shireen Khattak
- Keenan Research Centre at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - Narain Yücel
- Keenan Research Centre at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - Neeru Gupta
- Keenan Research Centre at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Yeni H Yücel
- Keenan Research Centre at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont; Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
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Ethnic Variation in Vitreoretinal Surgery: Differences in Clinical Presentation and Outcome. Eur J Ophthalmol 2016; 27:367-371. [DOI: 10.5301/ejo.5000894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The true prevalence of retinal detachment and other vitreoretinal disorders in different ethnic groups is not well-established. Understanding differences in vitreoretinal disease prevalence is important to appropriately allocate resources to meet demand where ethnic variation in the community exists. The aim of this study is to provide hospital-based data on the proportion of people with vitreoretinal disorders in the 3 main ethnic groups in the United Kingdom: Caucasian, Afro-Caribbean, and South Asian. Methods A retrospective study was performed on 3,262 patients undergoing vitreoretinal procedures for various indications between 2001 and 2014 from a single center in London, UK. Results The majority of patients with known ethnicity were Caucasian (80.19%) followed by Afro-Caribbean (12.31%) and Asian (5.20%). The mean age of the study population was 59.64 ± 15.75 years, with 57.28% males. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) was the common indication for surgery across all ethnic groups (54.83%). Caucasians were older, on average, compared to other ethnic groups at the time of surgery for RRD (p<0.05) and achieved higher success rates after primary surgery and were less likely to require silicone oil as primary tamponade. Macular hole was more common in the ethnic minorities with similar closure rates. Surgery for complications of diabetic retinopathy was more common in Afro-Caribbeans and Asians compared to Caucasians (28.07%, 24.02%, and 9.40%, p<0.05). Conclusions This study presents a large population-based data analysis on ethnic variation in vitreoretinal disorders. This may assist in predicting the requirement of vitreoretinal service provision depending on local ethnic variation.
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Poulsen CD, Peto T, Grauslund J, Green A. Epidemiologic characteristics of retinal detachment surgery at a specialized unit in Denmark. Acta Ophthalmol 2016; 94:548-55. [PMID: 27238952 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the incidence of retinal detachments and to evaluate patient profiles and surgical characteristics. METHODS Retrospective review of patients operated for primary retinal detachment (RD) and redetachment between 2010 and 2012 at the Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark. We included all RD such as rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), tractional retinal detachment (TRD) and exudative retinal detachment (ERD). RESULTS In total, 779 RD surgeries were performed: 83.7% (n = 652) primary operations and 16.3% (n = 127) reoperation. For primary operation, pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), scleral buckling and combined operations were performed in 95.1% (n = 620), 4.6% (n = 30) and 0.3% (n = 2) respectively. Over time there was less use of silicone oil and greater use of gas tamponade (p = <0.001), less simultaneous cataract operations (p = <0.001), less use of cryotherapy (p = 0.045) and more use of peeling procedures (p = <0.001) in primary operations. The annual incidence of surgery for primary RD was 22.0 [95% confidence interval (CI) 20.4-23.8] per 100 000 inhabitants aged >15 years. Retinal detachment (RD) was more common in males than females (1.8:1), and mean age at presentation was 61.8 years (standard deviations ± 12.3). The annual incidence for RRD and TRD operation was 20.72 (95% CI 19.11-22.43) and 1.25 (95% CI 0.9-1.7) per 100 000 inhabitants >15 years. CONCLUSION This study presents the first overall incidence for RD in Denmark. The highest incidence of RRD was among males aged 60 to 79 years, whereas TRD was among females at same age. Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) was the preferred surgical technique, and during 2012 all RD patients were treated with PPV, independent of lens status and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Doefler Poulsen
- Department of Ophthalmology; Odense University Hospital; Odense C Denmark
- OPEN, Odense Patient data Explorative Network; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - Tunde Peto
- Department of Clinical Research; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
- The NIHR Biomedical Research Centre; Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology; London UK
| | - Jakob Grauslund
- Department of Ophthalmology; Odense University Hospital; Odense C Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - Anders Green
- OPEN, Odense Patient data Explorative Network; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
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Johnston T, Chandra A, Hewitt AW. Current Understanding of the Genetic Architecture of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment. Ophthalmic Genet 2016; 37:121-9. [PMID: 26757352 DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2015.1033557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a common and potentially blinding surgical retinal disease. While the precise molecular mechanisms leading to RRD are poorly understood, there is an increasing body of literature supporting the role of heritable factors in the pathogenesis of the condition. Much work has been undertaken investigating genes important in syndromic forms of RRD (e.g., Stickler, Wagner Syndrome, etc.) and research pertaining to genetic investigations of idiopathic or non-syndromic RRD has also recently been reported. To date, at least 12 genetic loci have been implicated in the development of syndromes of which RRD is a feature. A recent GWAS identified five loci implicated in the development of idiopathic RRD.This article provides an overview of the genetic mechanisms of both syndromic and idiopathic RRD. The genetics of predisposing conditions, such as myopia and lattice degeneration, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Johnston
- a Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia and
| | - Aman Chandra
- a Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia and
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- a Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia and.,b School of Medicine, Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania , Hobart , Tasmania , Australia
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Curti S, Coggon D, Hannerz H, Mattioli S. Heavy lifting at work and risk of retinal detachment: a population-based register study in Denmark. Occup Environ Med 2015; 73:51-5. [PMID: 26561504 PMCID: PMC4759926 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2015-102979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the relationship between rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and frequent heavy lifting in a Danish working population through national register data. Methods A dynamic cohort of all men aged 20–59 years in Denmark was followed through the Danish Occupational Hospitalisation Register from 1995 to 2010 for diagnosed RRD. Occupational categories were classified according to their potential for heavy lifting in 4 main groups: heavy lifters, manual workers unlikely to be heavy lifters, other manual workers and non-manual workers unlikely to be heavy lifters. The age-standardised rate of diagnosed RRD for heavy lifting occupations was compared with that experienced by the other 3 occupational categories. Rate ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs were estimated through a Poisson regression model adjusted for calendar period and age group. Results The highest age-standardised rate of diagnosed RRD was recorded among non-manual workers performing occupational activities unlikely to be associated with heavy lifting (18.0 cases per 100 000 person-years). The RR for workers in jobs expected to entail a high frequency of heavy lifting compared with manual workers whose occupation was unlikely to be associated with heavy lifting was 0.91 (95% CI 0.73 to 1.14), while in comparison with other manual workers, it was 0.93 (95% CI 0.78 to 1.11). The RR compared with non-manual workers in occupations unlikely to entail heavy lifting was 0.51 (95% CI 0.43 to 0.60). Conclusions These findings do not support an association of occupational heavy lifting with diagnosed RRD. The epidemiological evidence for this association is still inconclusive. Future studies should use a more specific measure of exposure to resolve the outstanding uncertainties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Curti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - David Coggon
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Harald Hannerz
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefano Mattioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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29
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Ethnic variation in rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. Eye (Lond) 2015; 29:803-7. [PMID: 25853394 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2015.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to investigate the clinical variation of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RD) in patients of different ethnicities. METHODS Patients presenting with a primary RD from two ethnic groups were recruited from our tertiary referral hospital between August 2010 and December 2012. Patients who self-reported their ethnic origin either as European Caucasian (EC) or South Asian (SA) were included. Exclusion criteria included trauma, previous vitreoretinal procedures, age under 18 years, complicated cataract surgery and the presence of syndromes known to be associated with a high prevalence of RD. Detailed phenotypic data were collected. Descriptive and comparative statistical analyses were undertaken. RESULTS 1269 Patients were recruited. 1173 (92.4%) were EC. Mean age of onset was 58.3 years (EC) and 54.5 years (SA) (P=0.006). 75.3% EC and 58.4% SA were phakic (P<0.001). 12.8% of EC and 19.4% of SA patients had a lattice retinal degeneration in the affected eye (P=0.003). Refractive myopia was greater in SA patients (mean: -6.1DS) than EC (-4.2DS) (P=0.032). Additionally, SA patients had a greater mean axial length (25.65 mm) than EC (25.06 mm) (P=0.014). No differences were demonstrated in laterality, family history, type of retinal break or macular status. CONCLUSIONS SA patients present with RD at an earlier age and have a more severe phenotype than ECs. Future management strategies for RD may need to reflect these differences.
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Shah V, Hall N, Goldacre MJ. Retinal detachment in England: database studies of trends over time and geographical variation. Br J Ophthalmol 2014; 99:639-43. [PMID: 25411402 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Retinal detachment (RD) is one of the most common of ophthalmic emergencies in the UK. Our aim was to study trends over time and regional variation in rates of RD in England. METHODS Hospital admission rates for RD were analysed using the Hospital In-Patient Enquiry, Hospital Episode Statistics and the Oxford record linkage study between 1968 and 2011. Record linkage was used, when possible, to distinguish between episodes of care and individual people. RESULTS Person-based rates from the 1960s to mid-1990s (only available in the Oxford data) were broadly stable. From 1999, the annual person-based rate increased significantly, from 13.4 in 1999 (13.1 to 13.8) to 15.4 in 2011 (15.1 to 15.7). Most, if not all, of the increase was an increase in people with diabetes mellitus. RD rates, comparing local authority (LA) areas, ranged from 10.3 (9.0 to 11.6) to 22.4 per 100,000 (19.9 to 25.1) over the period 1999-2011. The rate of RD by LA showed almost no association with social deprivation (r(2)=0.01) or with the proportion of people in each LA who were Black (r=0.04), Asian (r =-0.03) or born outside the UK (r=0.02). CONCLUSIONS Admission rates seem to have increased in recent years. This increase is probably attributable to an increase in the prevalence of diabetes, and so an increase in RD associated with diabetes. Understanding trends over time, and geographical variation, in RD will help match capacity in retinal surgery with need for treatment of RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Shah
- Unit of Health-Care Epidemiology, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nick Hall
- Unit of Health-Care Epidemiology, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael J Goldacre
- Unit of Health-Care Epidemiology, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Curti S, Coggon D, Baldasseroni A, Cooke RMT, Fresina M, Campos EC, Semeraro F, Zanardi F, Farioli A, Violante FS, Mattioli S. Incidence rates of surgically treated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment among manual workers, non-manual workers and housewives in Tuscany, Italy. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2013; 87:539-45. [PMID: 23893253 PMCID: PMC3855483 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-013-0894-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Candidate risk factors for idiopathic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) include heavy manual handling (requiring Valsalva’s maneuver). We assessed incidence rates of surgically treated idiopathic RRD among manual workers, non-manual workers and housewives resident in Tuscany, Italy. Methods We retrieved all hospital discharge records bearing a principal diagnosis corresponding to RRD coupled with retinal surgery for any resident of Tuscany during 1997–2009. After elimination of repeated admissions and patients with coexistent, associated conditions (including recent trauma), subjects aged 25–59 years were classified as manual workers, non-manual workers or housewives. Population data were extracted from the 2001 census. Results We identified 1,946 eligible cases (1,142 men). Among men, manual workers experienced a 1.8-fold higher age-standardized rate per 100,000 person-years than non-manual workers [17.4 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 16.1–18.7) vs. 9.8 (95 % CI 8.8–10.8)]. Age-standardized rates among women were 1.9-fold higher for manual workers [11.1 (95 % CI 9.8–12.3)] and 1.7-fold higher for housewives [9.5 (95 % CI 8.3–10.8)] than in non-manual workers [5.7 (95 % CI 4.8–6.6)]. Conclusions This large population-based study suggests that manual workers are affected by idiopathic RRD requiring surgical treatment more often than non-manual workers. The higher rates of surgically treated RRD experienced by manual workers are in accord with the hypothesis that heavy manual handling may have a causal role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Curti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Kirin M, Chandra A, Charteris DG, Hayward C, Campbell S, Celap I, Bencic G, Vatavuk Z, Kirac I, Richards AJ, Tenesa A, Snead MP, Fleck BW, Singh J, Harsum S, Maclaren RE, den Hollander AI, Dunlop MG, Hoyng CB, Wright AF, Campbell H, Vitart V, Mitry D. Genome-wide association study identifies genetic risk underlying primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:3174-85. [PMID: 23585552 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is an important cause of vision loss and can potentially lead to blindness. The underlying pathogenesis is complex and incompletely understood. We applied a two-stage genetic association discovery phase followed by a replication phase in a combined total of 2833 RRD cases and 7871 controls. The discovery phase involved a genome-wide association scan of 867 affected individuals and 1953 controls from Scotland, followed by genotyping and testing 4347 highest ranking or candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in independent sets of cases (1000) and controls (2912) of Dutch and British origin. None of the SNPs selected reached a Bonferroni-corrected threshold for significance (P < 1.27 × 10(-7)). The strongest association, for rs12960119 (P = 1.58 × 10(-7)) located within an intron of the SS18 gene. Further testing was carried out in independent case-control series from London (846 cases) and Croatia (120 cases). The combined meta-analysis identified one association reaching genome-wide significance for rs267738 (OR = 1.29, P = 2.11 × 10(-8)), a missense coding SNP and eQTL for CERS2 encoding the protein ceramide synthase 2. Several of the top signals showing suggestive significance in the combined meta-analysis encompassed genes with a documented role in cell adhesion or migration, including SS18, TIAM1, TSTA3 and LDB2, which warrant further investigation. This first genetic association study of RRD supports a polygenic component underlying RRD risk since 27.4% of the underlying RRD liability could be explained by the collective additive effects of the genotyped SNP from the discovery genome-wide scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirna Kirin
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH89AG, UK
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Lin HC, Chen CS, Keller JJ, Ho JD, Lin CC, Hu CC. Seasonality of retinal detachment incidence and its associations with climate: an 11-year nationwide population-based study. Chronobiol Int 2012; 28:942-8. [PMID: 22080739 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2011.613324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the seasonal variability of retinal detachment (RD) in Taiwan by using an 11-yr nationwide population database. This study also investigated the association of weather conditions, i.e., ambient temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, monthly hours of sunshine, and atmospheric pressure, with RD. Data were retrospectively collected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The study sample included 23 718 RD hospitalizations between January 1999 and December 2009. The incidence rate of RD/100 000 people over the 132 months was computed according to sex and age groupings of <20, 20-39, 40-59, and ≥60 yrs. Then, the association between climatic factors and the monthly RD incidence rate was examined. The ARIMA (autoregressive integrated moving average) method was also employed to test the seasonality of RD incidence rates and their association with climatic factors. The annual RD incidence rates were between 7.8 and 10.8 cases/100 000 people during the study period. A fairly similar seasonal pattern of monthly RD incidence rates was apparent for males and females and males and females combined. Rates were highest August through October, decreasing in November, and lowest in February. After adjusting for time, trend, and month, the ARIMA regression models for the male, female, and males and females combined consistently revealed the monthly RD incidence rate was significantly and positively associated with ambient temperature, but negatively associated with atmospheric pressure. The authors conclude that the monthly RD incidence rates were significantly associated with seasonality. The monthly RD incidence rates were positively associated with ambient temperature and negatively associated with atmospheric pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herng-Ching Lin
- School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Mitry D, Singh J, Yorston D, Siddiqui MAR, Wright A, Fleck BW, Campbell H, Charteris DG. The predisposing pathology and clinical characteristics in the Scottish retinal detachment study. Ophthalmology 2011; 118:1429-34. [PMID: 21561662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2010] [Revised: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the predisposing pathology and clinical features of all incident cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) recruited in Scotland during a 2-year period. DESIGN Prospective surveillance study of incident cases of RRD. PARTICIPANTS All incident cases of RRD recruited as part of the Scottish Retinal Detachment Study. METHODS During a 2-year period, we coordinated a comprehensive system in which every case of primary RRD presenting to 1 of 6 vitreoretinal surgical sites in Scotland was examined and approached for study inclusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment incidence, predisposing features, and clinical characteristics. RESULTS A total of 1202 cases were recruited. Detailed clinical information was available on 1130 (94%) of cases. By causative break, the proportions of RRD were horseshoe tear (HST) associated with posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in 86.2%, giant retinal tear (GRT) and PVD in 1.3%, non-PVD round hole (RH) in 4.9%, retinal dialysis in 5.9%, and retinoschisis RRD in 1.6%. One in 10 cases reported significant ocular trauma. One in 5 cases were pseudophakic. Round hole RRD more frequently presented with multiple retinal breaks compared with HST RRD (67.8% vs. 48.7%; P = 0.003). In PVD-associated RRD, 56.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 53.8-58.3) of breaks were identified in the superotemporal retina. In non-PVD RRD, 54.6% (95% CI, 47.9-61.1) of breaks were inferotemporal, followed by superotemporal in 34.9% (95% CI, 28.7-41.5). Lattice degeneration was present in 18.7% of affected eyes and more common in RH RRD (35.7%) than in HST RRD (19.3%) (P = 0.003). Seven percent reported an affected first-degree relative, and these cases were significantly more myopic than nonfamilial cases. CONCLUSIONS More than 85% of RRD cases are associated with PVD and related tractional tears. Non-PVD RH RRD occurred in younger and more myopic individuals. The majority of cases are caused by more than 1 retinal break, and the macula is affected in more than 50% at presentation. Ocular trauma, previous cataract surgery, family history, and lattice degeneration are important predisposing features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Mitry
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, UK.
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Mitry D, Charteris DG, Yorston D, Fleck BW, Wright A, Campbell H, Singh J. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Scotland: research design and methodology. BMC Ophthalmol 2009; 9:2. [PMID: 19317907 PMCID: PMC2666641 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2415-9-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2009] [Accepted: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a potentially blinding condition and a common cause of ocular morbidity. Establishing an accurate estimate of disease incidence and distribution is an important first step in assessing the healthcare burden related to this condition and in subsequent planning and provision of treatment strategies. The aim of this study is to obtain a first estimate incidence of RRD in Scotland, to estimate the incidence of familial RRD and to describe the known associations of RRD within the study population. Methods/Design We have established a national prospective observational study seeking to identify and recruit all incident cases of RRD in the Scottish population over a 2 year period. After fully informed consent, all participants will have a blood sample taken and a full medical history and clinical examination performed including visual acuity, refraction, slit-lamp examination, intra-ocular pressure measurement and detailed fundal examination. We describe the study design and protocol. Conclusion This study will provide the first estimate of the annual incidence of RRD in Scotland. The findings of this study will be important in estimating the burden of disease and in the planning of future health care policy related to this condition. This study will also establish a genetic resource for a genome wide association study to investigate if certain genetic variants predispose to RRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Mitry
- Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion, Chalmers Street, Edinburgh, UK.
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Limeira-Soares PH, Lira RPC, Arieta CEL, Kara-José N. Demand incidence of retinal detachment in Brazil. Eye (Lond) 2006; 21:348-52. [PMID: 16397621 DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6702202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of retinal detachment in a defined urban population in the Southeast of Brazil. METHODS A retrospective study of patients consulted at the Department of Ophthalmology, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, with retinal detachment between June 1, 2003 and July 31, 2004. Data were entered into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 10.0). RESULTS There were a total population of 3 389 294 in the 42 cities of Campinas catchment area. A total of 313 patients fitted the inclusion criteria. The overall demand incidence of retinal detachment was 9.2:100,000. The number of males peaked in the 50-79 age group, whereas that of the females peaked in the 60 to 80+ age group. The ages ranged from 4 months to 84 years (mean 49.3). The female-to-male ratio was 1:2.1. Nontraumatic phakic detachments had the highest demand incidence of 7.1:100,000. The demand incidence of nontraumatic aphakic detachments was very low at 0.09:100,000. Almost one third of all patients seeking treatment presented inoperable cases of retinal detachments. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study of demand incidence of retinal detachment in Latin Americans. The age-specific demand incidence increases with age. Nontraumatic phakic detachments were the most common type of detachment. The incidence of the traumatic types of detachment was higher in males than that in females. Such data are important to plan and implement vitreoretinal services taking into account the population likely to be served.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Limeira-Soares
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. limeira@ fcm.unicamp.br
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