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Araújo NM, Rubio IGS, Toneto NPA, Morale MG, Tamura RE. The use of adenoviral vectors in gene therapy and vaccine approaches. Genet Mol Biol 2022; 45:e20220079. [PMID: 36206378 PMCID: PMC9543183 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2022-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus was first identified in the 1950s and since then this pathogenic group
of viruses has been explored and transformed into a genetic transfer vehicle.
Modification or deletion of few genes are necessary to transform it into a
conditionally or non-replicative vector, creating a versatile tool capable of
transducing different tissues and inducing high levels of transgene expression.
In the early years of vector development, the application in monogenic diseases
faced several hurdles, including short-term gene expression and even a fatality.
On the other hand, an adenoviral delivery strategy for treatment of cancer was
the first approved gene therapy product. There is an increasing interest in
expressing transgenes with therapeutic potential targeting the cancer hallmarks,
inhibiting metastasis, inducing cancer cell death or modulating the immune
system to attack the tumor cells. Replicative adenovirus as vaccines may be even
older and date to a few years of its discovery, application of non-replicative
adenovirus for vaccination against different microorganisms has been
investigated, but only recently, it demonstrated its full potential being one of
the leading vaccination tools for COVID-19. This is not a new vector nor a new
technology, but the result of decades of careful and intense work in this
field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Meneses Araújo
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular
do Câncer, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ileana Gabriela Sanchez Rubio
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular
do Câncer, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. ,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Ciências
Biológicas, Diadema, SP, Brazil. ,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Ciências
Moleculares da Tireóide, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Mirian Galliote Morale
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular
do Câncer, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. ,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Ciências
Biológicas, Diadema, SP, Brazil. ,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Ciências
Moleculares da Tireóide, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Esaki Tamura
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular
do Câncer, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. ,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Ciências
Biológicas, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
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Liu X, Zou X, Zhang W, Guo X, Wang M, Lv Y, Hung T, Lu Z. No Genus-Specific Gene Is Essential for the Replication of Fowl Adenovirus 4 in Chicken LMH Cells. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0047022. [PMID: 35638786 PMCID: PMC9241798 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00470-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential genus-specific genes have not been discovered for fowl adenovirus (FAdV), which hampers the development of FAdV-based vectors and attenuated FAdV vaccines. Reverse genetics approaches were employed to construct FAdV-4 mutants carrying deletions or frameshift mutations covering the whole left and right ends of the viral genome. The results of virus rescue and plaque forming experiments illustrated that all the 22 designated ORFs (open reading frames) were dispensable for the replication of FAdV-4 in chicken hepatoma Leghorn male hepatoma (LMH) cells and primary embryo hepatocytes. RNA-seq data demonstrated that ORF28 and ORF29 were not protein-encoding genes, and suggested a promoter (RP1) and an intron in these regions, respectively. The promoter activity of RP1 was further confirmed by reporter gene expression experiments. GAM-1-deleted FAdV-4 formed small plaques, while deletion of GAM-1 together with ORF22 resulted in even smaller ones in LMH cells. Simultaneous deletion of ORF28, ORF29, and GAM-1 led to growth defect of FAdV-4. These facts implied that genus-specific genes contributed to and synergistically affected viral replication, although no single one was essential. Notably, replication of FAdV-4 mutants could be different in vitro and in vivo. XGAM1-CX19A, a GAM-1-deleted FAdV-4 that replicated efficiently in LMH cells, did not kill chicken embryos because virus propagation took place at a very low level in vivo. This work laid a solid foundation for FAdV-4 vector construction as well as vaccine development, and would benefit viral gene function study. IMPORTANCE Identification of viral essential genes is important for adenoviral vector construction. Deletion of nonessential genes enlarges cloning capacity, deletion of essential genes makes a replication-defective vector, and expression of essential genes in trans generates a virus packaging cell line. However, the genus-specific essential genes in FAdV have not been identified. We constructed adenoviral plasmid carrying deletions covering all 22 genus-specific ORFs of FAdV-4, and found that all virus mutants could be rescued and amplified in chicken LMH cells except those that had defects in key promoter activity. These genus-specific genes affected virus growth, but no single one was indispensable. Dysfunction of several genus-specific genes at the same time could make FAdV-4 vectors replication-defective. In addition, the growth of FAdV-4 mutants could be different in LMH cells and in chicken embryos, suggesting the possibility of constructing attenuated FAdV-4 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Liu
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yingtao Lv
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Hung
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuozhuang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention–Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Joint Research Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Gao J, Mese K, Bunz O, Ehrhardt A. State‐of‐the‐art human adenovirus vectorology for therapeutic approaches. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:3609-3622. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Faculty of Health Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF) School of Human Medicine Institute of Virology and Microbiology Witten/Herdecke University Germany
| | - Kemal Mese
- Faculty of Health Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF) School of Human Medicine Institute of Virology and Microbiology Witten/Herdecke University Germany
| | - Oskar Bunz
- Faculty of Health Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF) School of Human Medicine Institute of Virology and Microbiology Witten/Herdecke University Germany
| | - Anja Ehrhardt
- Faculty of Health Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF) School of Human Medicine Institute of Virology and Microbiology Witten/Herdecke University Germany
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Han JW, La TM, Kim JH, Choi IS, Song CS, Park SY, Lee JB, Lee SW. The possible origin of human adenovirus type 3: Evidence of natural genetic recombination between human and simian adenovirus. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 65:380-384. [PMID: 30144567 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We determined a complete genome sequence of the Korean field strain, KUMC-62, of human adenovirus type 3 (HAdV-3) and performed comparative genome analyses. Interestingly HAdV-3 has a distinct genomic sequence for the fiber CDS region on average 62.46% of nucleotide sequence identity to other types of HAdV-B1, while remaining genomic region of HAdV-3 is very similar (on average 95.71% of nucleotide sequence identity) to other types of HAdV-B1. The blast results showed that the fiber CDS region of HAdV-3 exhibited the highest nucleotide sequence identity with that of simian adenovirus type 32 (SAdV-32), except other strains of HAdV-3. In the Simplot analysis, a potential recombination event was detected between HAdV-7 and SAdV-32, which might have created HAdV-3 in the past. These findings suggest that HAdV-3 highly likely was created by a natural inter-species recombination event between human and non-human primate AdVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Wung Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Min La
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; BioCore Co., Ltd, 33 Digitalro 9-ghil, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yong Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Bok Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang W, Ehrhardt A. Getting genetic access to natural adenovirus genomes to explore vector diversity. Virus Genes 2017; 53:675-683. [PMID: 28711987 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-017-1487-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant vectors based on the human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV5) have been developed and extensively used in preclinical and clinical studies for over 30 years. However, certain restrictions of HAdV5-based vectors have limited their clinical applications because they are rather inefficient in specifically transducing cells of therapeutic interest that lack the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR). Moreover, enhanced vector-associated toxicity and widespread preexisting immunity have been shown to significantly hamper the effectiveness of HAdV-5-mediated gene transfer. However, evolution of adenoviruses in the natural host is driving the generation of novel types with altered virulence, enhanced transmission, and altered tissue tropism. As a consequence, an increasing number of alternative adenovirus types were identified, which may represent a valuable resource for the development of novel vector types. Thus, researchers are focusing on the other naturally occurring adenovirus types, which are structurally similar but functionally different from HAdV5. To this end, several strategies have been devised for getting genetic access to adenovirus genomes, resulting in a new panel of adenoviral vectors. Importantly, these vectors were shown to have a host range different from HAdV5 and to escape the anti-HAdV5 immune response, thus underlining the great potential of this approach. In summary, this review provides a state-of-the-art overview of one essential step in adenoviral vector development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Institute of Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, 58453, Witten, Germany
| | - Anja Ehrhardt
- Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Institute of Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, 58453, Witten, Germany.
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Lei H, Jin S, Karlsson E, Schultz-Cherry S, Ye K. Yeast Surface-Displayed H5N1 Avian Influenza Vaccines. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:4131324. [PMID: 28078309 PMCID: PMC5204078 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4131324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses pose a pandemic threat to human health. A rapid vaccine production against fast outbreak is desired. We report, herein, a paradigm-shift influenza vaccine technology by presenting H5N1 hemagglutinin (HA) to the surface of yeast. We demonstrated, for the first time, that the HA surface-presented yeast can be used as influenza vaccines to elicit both humoral and cell-mediated immunity in mice. The HI titer of antisera reached up to 128 in vaccinated mice. A high level of H5N1 HA-specific IgG1 and IgG2a antibody production was detected after boost immunization. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the yeast surface-displayed HA preserves its antigenic sites. It preferentially binds to both avian- and human-type receptors. In addition, the vaccine exhibited high cross-reactivity to both homologous and heterologous H5N1 viruses. A high level production of anti-HA antibodies was detected in the mice five months after vaccination. Finally, our animal experimental results indicated that the yeast vaccine offered complete protection of mice from lethal H5N1 virus challenge. No severe side effect of yeast vaccines was noted in animal studies. This new technology allows for rapid and large-scale production of influenza vaccines for prepandemic preparation.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antigens, Surface/immunology
- Cell Surface Display Techniques
- Cross Reactions
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular
- Immunoglobulin G/blood
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Influenza Vaccines/economics
- Influenza Vaccines/genetics
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Influenza, Human/prevention & control
- Lung/immunology
- Lung/virology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/prevention & control
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/virology
- Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics
- Vaccination
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Watson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Sha Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Watson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Erik Karlsson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Stacey Schultz-Cherry
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Kaiming Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Watson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
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Human Adenovirus Serotype 3 Vector Packaged by a Rare Serotype 14 Hexon. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156984. [PMID: 27328032 PMCID: PMC4915686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adenovirus serotype 3 (rAd3), which infects cells through the receptor desmoglein 2 (DSG2), has been investigated as a vector for gene therapy or vaccination. However, pre-existing anti-vector immunity may limit the practical application of rAd3. In this study, we investigated the seroprevalence and neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers to Ad3 and alternate serotypes in normal healthy adults in southern China. Sera samples had a high seroprevalence (80.00%) against Ad3 and Ad7 (85.83%), compared with Ad14 (22.50%). Furthermore, 19.17% and 25.83% of samples had high-titer neutralizing antibodies to Ad3 and Ad7, respectively, compared with 3.33% against Ad14. We constructed a chimeric adenovirus, rAd3H14, designed to evade anti-vector immunity by replacing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-expressing hexon of the rAd3EGFP vector with a hexon from Ad14. The chimeric vector rAd3H14 was not neutralized in vitro efficiently by Ad3 NAbs using sera from mice and normal healthy human volunteers. Furthermore, in contrast to the unmodified vector rAd3EGFP, rAd3H14 induced robust antibody responses against EGFP in mice with high levels of pre-existing anti-Ad3 immunity. In conclusion, the chimeric vector rAd3H14 may be a useful alternative vector in adult populations with a high prevalence of Ad3 NAbs.
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Zou XH, Li WJ, Guo XJ, Qu JG, Wang M, Si HL, Lu ZZ, Hung T. Inefficient export of viral late mRNA contributes to fastidiousness of human adenovirus type 41 (HAdV-41) in 293 cells. Virology 2014; 468-470:388-396. [PMID: 25240325 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The human adenovirus (HAdV) early protein E1B55K interacts with E4orf6 to form an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, which plays key roles in virus replication. To illustrate the reason for the fastidiousness of HAdV-41 in 293 cells, interaction between heterotypic E1B55K and E4orf6 proteins was investigated. HAdV-5 E1B55K could interact with HAdV-41 E4orf6, and vice versa. To form E1B55K/E4orf6 E3 ubiquitin ligase, HAdV-41 E4orf6 recruited Cul2 while HAdV-5 E4orf6 interacted with Cul5. The ligase complex formed by HAdV-5 E1B55K and HAdV-41 E4orf6 could cause the degradation of p53 and Mre11. However, in E1-deleted HAdV-41-infected 293TE7 cells, which expressed HAdV-41 E1B55K, viral late mRNAs were exported from nucleus more efficiently and accumulated to a higher concentration in cytoplasm when compared with that in infected 293 cells. These results suggested that interaction between homotypic E1B55K and E4orf6 was indispensable for efficient export of viral late mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Wen-Jia Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Jian-Guo Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Hong-Li Si
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China.
| | - Zhuo-Zhuang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China.
| | - Tao Hung
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
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Wunderlich K, van der Helm E, Spek D, Vermeulen M, Gecgel A, Pau MG, Vellinga J, Custers J. An alternative to the adenovirus inverted terminal repeat sequence increases the viral genome replication rate and provides a selective advantage in vitro. J Gen Virol 2014; 95:1574-1584. [PMID: 24764357 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.064840-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During the development of human adenovirus 35-derived replication-incompetent (rAd35) vaccine vectors for prevention of infectious diseases, we detected mutations in the terminal 8 nt of the inverted terminal repeats (ITRs) of rAd35. The switch from the plasmid-encoded sequence 5'-CATCATCA-3' to the alternative sequence 5'-CTATCTAT-3' in the ITRs was found to be a general in vitro propagation phenomenon, as shown for several vectors carrying different transgenes or being derived from different adenovirus serotypes. In each tested case, the plasmid-encoded ITR sequence changed to exactly the same alternative ITR sequence, 5'-CTATCTAT-3'. The outgrowth of this alternative ITR version should result from a growth advantage conferred by the alternative ITR sequence. Indeed, replication kinetics studies of rAd35 harbouring either the original or alternative ITR sequence confirmed an increase in replication speed for rAd35 vectors with the alternative ITR sequence. These findings can be applied to generate recombinant adenoviral vectors harbouring the alternative ITR sequence, which will facilitate the generation of genetically homogeneous seed virus batches. Moreover, vector production may be accelerated by taking advantage of the observed improved replication kinetics associated with the alternative ITR sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dirk Spek
- Crucell Holland BV, PO Box 2048, 2301 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Vermeulen
- Crucell Holland BV, PO Box 2048, 2301 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Adile Gecgel
- Crucell Holland BV, PO Box 2048, 2301 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Grazia Pau
- Crucell Holland BV, PO Box 2048, 2301 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jort Vellinga
- Crucell Holland BV, PO Box 2048, 2301 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jerome Custers
- Crucell Holland BV, PO Box 2048, 2301 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Lopez-Gordo E, Podgorski II, Downes N, Alemany R. Circumventing antivector immunity: potential use of nonhuman adenoviral vectors. Hum Gene Ther 2014; 25:285-300. [PMID: 24499174 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2013.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses are efficient gene delivery vectors based on their ability to transduce a wide variety of cell types and drive high-level transient transgene expression. While there have been advances in modifying human adenoviral (HAdV) vectors to increase their safety profile, there are still pitfalls that need to be further addressed. Preexisting humoral and cellular immunity against common HAdV serotypes limits the efficacy of gene transfer and duration of transgene expression. As an alternative, nonhuman AdV (NHAdV) vectors can circumvent neutralizing antibodies against HAdVs in immunized mice and monkeys and in human sera, suggesting that NHAdV vectors could circumvent preexisting humoral immunity against HAdVs in a clinical setting. Consequently, there has been an increased interest in developing NHAdV vectors for gene delivery in humans. In this review, we outline the recent advances and limitations of HAdV vectors for gene therapy and describe examples of NHAdV vectors focusing on their immunogenicity, tropism, and potential as effective gene therapy vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estrella Lopez-Gordo
- 1 Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
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11
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Wang Z, Li P, Xu Q, Xu J, Li X, Zhang X, Ma Q, Wu Z. Potent Antitumor Activity Generated by a Novel Tumor Specific Cytotoxic T Cell. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66659. [PMID: 23825554 PMCID: PMC3688986 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in the world and is the main cause of death in patients with liver cirrhosis. Surgical intervention is not suitable for majority of hepatocellular carcinoma. Investigation of the effective targeting to the tumor cells is essential for both primary tumors and metastases. Tumor specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) have been considered to be the attractive vehicles for delivering therapeutic agents toward various tumor diseases. This study was to explore the distribution pattern of CTL carrying the lentiviral vectors with the characteristic of adenoviral E1 gene under the control of the cell activation-dependent CD40 ligand promoter (Lenti/hCD40L/E1AB). Following transduction with adenoviral vectors containing chimeric type 5 and type 35 fiber proteins (Ad5/35-TRAIL), these CTLs produced infectious virus when exposed to HepG2 cells. We assessed the therapeutic ability of CTLs using MTT, Western blot and colony formation assay. The novel CTL harboring Lenti/hCD40L/E1AB and Ad5/35-TRAIL caused proliferation inhibition and significant apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Thus, the novel CTL may be useful for the development of gene therapy approaches to hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qinhong Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuqi Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xufeng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail:
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Zou XH, Xiao X, Chen DL, Li ZL, Song JD, Wang M, Qu JG, Lu ZZ, Hung T. An improved HAdV-41 E1B55K-expressing 293 cell line for packaging fastidious adenovirus. J Virol Methods 2011; 175:188-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2010] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Roy S, Clawson DS, Adam VS, Medina A, Wilson JM. Construction of gene transfer vectors based on simian adenovirus 7. J Gen Virol 2011; 92:1749-1753. [PMID: 21562118 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.032300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The complete nucleotide sequence of an isolate of simian adenovirus 7 (SAdV-7) was determined. The genome organization of this isolate was found to be similar to that of other primate adenoviruses with two principal notable points: severe truncation of the E1A and E1B 19K proteins and an E3 region encoding only the 12.5K homologue. The viral gene products of SAdV-7 are most closely related to simian adenovirus 1 (SAdV-1), and like SAdV-1, are related to the human adenovirus species HAdV-F, such as the enteric adenoviruses HAdV-40 and HAdV-41 and the recently defined HAdV-G (HAdV-52). Two kinds of gene transfer vectors were made: a replication-competent SAdV-7-based vector with no genomic deletion, and a standard replication-incompetent vector deleted for E1. Importantly, the E1-deleted vector could be propagated to high titre by trans-complementation in human HEK 293 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Roy
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David S Clawson
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Virginie S Adam
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Angelica Medina
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James M Wilson
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Vemula SV, Mittal SK. Production of adenovirus vectors and their use as a delivery system for influenza vaccines. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2011; 10:1469-87. [PMID: 20822477 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2010.519332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD With the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses that have crossed species barriers and are responsible for lethal infections in humans in many countries, there is an urgent need for the development of effective vaccines which can be produced in large quantities at a short notice and confer broad protection against these H5N1 variants. In order to meet the potential global vaccine demand in a pandemic scenario, new vaccine-production strategies must be explored in addition to the currently used egg-based technology for seasonal influenza. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW Adenovirus (Ad) based influenza vaccines represent an attractive alternative/supplement to the currently licensed egg-based influenza vaccines. Ad-based vaccines are relatively inexpensive to manufacture, and their production process does not require either chicken eggs or labor-intensive and time-consuming processes necessitating enhanced biosafety facilities. Most importantly, in a pandemic situation, this vaccine strategy could offer a stockpiling option to reduce the response time before a strain-matched vaccine could be developed. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN This review discusses Ad-vector technology and the current progress in the development of Ad-based influenza vaccines. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Ad vector-based influenza vaccines for pandemic preparedness are under development to meet global vaccine demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai V Vemula
- Purdue University, Bindley Bioscience Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Comparative Pathobiology, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Wang H, Li ZY, Liu Y, Persson J, Beyer I, Möller T, Koyuncu D, Drescher MR, Strauss R, Zhang XB, Wahl JK, Urban N, Drescher C, Hemminki A, Fender P, Lieber A. Desmoglein 2 is a receptor for adenovirus serotypes 3, 7, 11 and 14. Nat Med 2010; 17:96-104. [PMID: 21151137 PMCID: PMC3074512 DOI: 10.1038/nm.2270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We have identified desmoglein 2 (DSG2) as the primary high-affinity receptor used by adenovirus (Ad) serotypes Ad3, Ad7, Ad11, and Ad14. These serotypes represent important human pathogens causing respiratory tract infections. In epithelial cells, adenovirus binding to DSG2 triggers events reminiscent of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, leading to transient opening of intercellular junctions. This improves access to receptors, e.g. CD46 and Her2/neu, that are trapped in intercellular junctions. In addition to complete virions, dodecahedral particles (PtDd), formed by viral penton and fiber in excess during viral replication, can trigger DSG2-mediated opening of intercellular junctions as shown by studies with recombinant Ad3 PtDd. Our findings shed light on adenovirus biology and pathogenesis and have implications for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Wang
- University of Washington, Division of Medical Genetics, Seattle, Washington, USA
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16
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McVey D, Zuber M, Ettyreddy D, Reiter CD, Brough DE, Nabel GJ, King CR, Gall JGD. Characterization of human adenovirus 35 and derivation of complex vectors. Virol J 2010; 7:276. [PMID: 20959004 PMCID: PMC2984591 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-7-276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Replication-deficient recombinant adenoviral vectors based on human serotype 35 (Ad35) are desirable due to the relatively low prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in the human population. The structure of the viral genome and life cycle of Ad35 differs from the better characterized Ad5 and these differences require differences in the strategies for the generation of vectors for gene delivery. Results Sequences essential for E1 and E4 function were identified and removed and the effects of the deletions on viral gene transcription were determined. In addition, the non-essential E3 region was deleted from rAd35 vectors and a sequence was found that did not have an effect on viability but reduced viral fitness. The packaging capacity of rAd35 was dependent on pIX and vectors were generated with stable genome sizes of up to 104% of the wild type genome size. These data were used to make an E1-, E3-, E4-deleted rAd35 vector. This rAd35 vector with multiple gene deletions has the advantages of multiple blocks to viral replication (i.e., E1 and E4 deletions) and a transgene packaging capacity of 7.6 Kb, comparable to rAd5 vectors. Conclusions The results reported here allow the generation of larger capacity rAd35 vectors and will guide the derivation of adenovirus vectors from other serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan McVey
- Department of Research, GenVec, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD 20874, USA
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17
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Kosinska AD, Zhang E, Lu M, Roggendorf M. Therapeutic vaccination in chronic hepatitis B: preclinical studies in the woodchuck. HEPATITIS RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2010; 2010:817580. [PMID: 21188201 PMCID: PMC3003998 DOI: 10.1155/2010/817580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recommended treatment of chronic hepatitis B with interferon-α and/or nucleos(t)ide analogues does not lead to a satisfactory result. Induction of HBV-specific T cells by therapeutic vaccination or immunotherapies may be an innovative strategy to overcome virus persistence. Vaccination with commercially available HBV vaccines in patients did not result in effective control of HBV infection, suggesting that new formulations of therapeutic vaccines are needed. The woodchuck (Marmota monax) is a useful preclinical model for developing the new therapeutic approaches in chronic hepadnaviral infections. Several innovative approaches combining antiviral treatments with nucleos(t)ide analogues, DNA vaccines, and protein vaccines were tested in the woodchuck model. In this paper we summarize the available data concerning therapeutic immunization and gene therapy using recombinant viral vectors approaches in woodchucks, which show encouraging results. In addition, we present potential innovations in immunomodulatory strategies to be evaluated in this animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna D. Kosinska
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstraβe 179, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Ejuan Zhang
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstraβe 179, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Mengji Lu
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstraβe 179, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Roggendorf
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstraβe 179, 45122, Essen, Germany
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Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) vectors, in particular those of the serotype 5, are highly attractive for a wide range of gene therapy, vaccine and virotherapy applications (as discussed in further detail in this issue). Wild type Ad5 virus can replicate in numerous tissue types but to use Ad vectors for therapeutic purposes the viral genome requires modification. In particular, if the viral genome is modified in such a way that the viral life cycle is interfered with, a specific producer cell line is required to provide trans-complementation to overcome the modification and allow viral production. This can occur in two ways; use of a producer cell line that contains specific adenoviral sequences incorporated into the cell genome to trans-complement, or use of a producer cell line that naturally complements for the modified Ad vector genome. This review concentrates on producer cell lines that complement non-replicating adenoviral vectors, starting with the historical HEK293 cell line developed in 1977 for first generation Ad vectors. In addition the problem of replication-competent adenovirus (RCA) contamination in viral preparations from HEK293 cells is addressed leading to the development of alternate cell lines. Furthermore novel cell lines for more complex Ad vectors and alternate serotype Ad vectors are discussed.
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Torres S, Chodosh J, Seto D, Jones MS. The revolution in viral genomics as exemplified by the bioinformatic analysis of human adenoviruses. Viruses 2010; 2:1367-1381. [PMID: 21994684 PMCID: PMC3185712 DOI: 10.3390/v2071367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past 30 years, genomic and bioinformatic analysis of human adenoviruses has been achieved using a variety of DNA sequencing methods; initially with the use of restriction enzymes and more currently with the use of the GS FLX pyrosequencing technology. Following the conception of DNA sequencing in the 1970s, analysis of adenoviruses has evolved from 100 base pair mRNA fragments to entire genomes. Comparative genomics of adenoviruses made its debut in 1984 when nucleotides and amino acids of coding sequences within the hexon genes of two human adenoviruses (HAdV), HAdV-C2 and HAdV-C5, were compared and analyzed. It was determined that there were three different zones (1-393, 394-1410, 1411-2910) within the hexon gene, of which HAdV-C2 and HAdV-C5 shared zones 1 and 3 with 95% and 89.5% nucleotide identity, respectively. In 1992, HAdV-C5 became the first adenovirus genome to be fully sequenced using the Sanger method. Over the next seven years, whole genome analysis and characterization was completed using bioinformatic tools such as blastn, tblastx, ClustalV and FASTA, in order to determine key proteins in species HAdV-A through HAdV-F. The bioinformatic revolution was initiated with the introduction of a novel species, HAdV-G, that was typed and named by the use of whole genome sequencing and phylogenetics as opposed to traditional serology. HAdV bioinformatics will continue to advance as the latest sequencing technology enables scientists to add to and expand the resource databases. As a result of these advancements, how novel HAdVs are typed has changed. Bioinformatic analysis has become the revolutionary tool that has significantly accelerated the in-depth study of HAdV microevolution through comparative genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Torres
- Clinical Investigation Facility, David Grant USAF Medical Center, Travis AFB, CA 94535, USA; E-Mail:
| | - James Chodosh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114 MA, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Donald Seto
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Morris S. Jones
- Clinical Investigation Facility, David Grant USAF Medical Center, Travis AFB, CA 94535, USA; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-415-279-1869; Fax: +1-707-423-7267
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20
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Steitz J, Barlow PG, Hossain J, Kim E, Okada K, Kenniston T, Rea S, Donis RO, Gambotto A. A candidate H1N1 pandemic influenza vaccine elicits protective immunity in mice. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10492. [PMID: 20463955 PMCID: PMC2864737 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2009 a new pandemic disease appeared and spread globally. The recent emergence of the pandemic influenza virus H1N1 first isolated in Mexico and USA raised concerns about vaccine availability. We here report our development of an adenovirus-based influenza H1N1 vaccine tested for immunogenicity and efficacy to confer protection in animal model. METHODS We generated two adenovirus(Ad5)-based influenza vaccine candidates encoding the wildtype or a codon-optimized hemagglutinin antigen (HA) from the recently emerged swine influenza isolate A/California/04/2009 (H1N1)pdm. After verification of antigen expression, immunogenicity of the vaccine candidates were tested in a mouse model using dose escalations for subcutaneous immunization. Sera of immunized animals were tested in microneutalization and hemagglutination inhibition assays for the presence of HA-specific antibodies. HA-specific T-cells were measured in IFNgamma Elispot assays. The efficiency of the influenza vaccine candidates were evaluated in a challenge model by measuring viral titer in lung and nasal turbinate 3 days after inoculation of a homologous H1N1 virus. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE A single immunization resulted in robust cellular and humoral immune response. Remarkably, the intensity of the immune response was substantially enhanced with codon-optimized antigen, indicating the benefit of manipulating the genetic code of HA antigens in the context of recombinant influenza vaccine design. These results highlight the value of advanced technologies in vaccine development and deployment in response to infections with pandemic potential. Our study emphasizes the potential of an adenoviral-based influenza vaccine platform with the benefits of speed of manufacture and efficacy of a single dose immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Steitz
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Peter G. Barlow
- Molecular Virology and Vaccines Branch, Influenza Division, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jaber Hossain
- Molecular Virology and Vaccines Branch, Influenza Division, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Eun Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kaori Okada
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Tom Kenniston
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sheri Rea
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ruben O. Donis
- Molecular Virology and Vaccines Branch, Influenza Division, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Andrea Gambotto
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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21
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Applying genomic and bioinformatic resources to human adenovirus genomes for use in vaccine development and for applications in vector development for gene delivery. Viruses 2010; 2:1-26. [PMID: 21994597 PMCID: PMC3185558 DOI: 10.3390/v2010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2009] [Revised: 12/05/2009] [Accepted: 12/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Technological advances and increasingly cost-effect methodologies in DNA sequencing and computational analysis are providing genome and proteome data for human adenovirus research. Applying these tools, data and derived knowledge to the development of vaccines against these pathogens will provide effective prophylactics. The same data and approaches can be applied to vector development for gene delivery in gene therapy and vaccine delivery protocols. Examination of several field strain genomes and their analyses provide examples of data that are available using these approaches. An example of the development of HAdV-B3 both as a vaccine and also as a vector is presented.
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22
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Wang HB, Kondo A, Yoshida A, Yoshizaki S, Abe S, Bao LL, Mizuki N, Ichino M, Klinman D, Okuda K, Shimada M. Partial protection against SIV challenge by vaccination of adenovirus and MVA vectors in rhesus monkeys. Gene Ther 2009; 17:4-13. [PMID: 19759567 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2009.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the effect of priming rhesus monkeys with an Ad5/35 vector expressing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) gag and gp120, and then boosting the animals with an modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector encoding the same antigens after a 2-month interval. The animals were intravenously challenged with 100 TCID50 of highly pathogenic SIVmac239 virus 2 months after the booster vaccination. The priming vaccination induced robust SIV-specific cell-mediated and humoral immune responses, and boosting further enhanced the cellular immunity. Vaccination reduced peak and long-term viral loads by 1-2 logs for a period of >6 months, as reflected by a reduction in both the SIV RNA and DNA levels. Of considerable interest, the immunized monkeys did not suffer from loss of CD4 T cells, particularly central memory CD4 T cells. These results demonstrate that prophylactic vaccination with Ad5/35 followed by MVA reduces viral replication and prevents CD4 T-cell loss, and that these effects may decrease the likelihood of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-B Wang
- Hisun Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Zhejiang, China
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23
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Liu Y, Wang H, Yumul R, Gao W, Gambotto A, Morita T, Baker A, Shayakhmetov D, Lieber A. Transduction of liver metastases after intravenous injection of Ad5/35 or Ad35 vectors with and without factor X-binding protein pretreatment. Hum Gene Ther 2009; 20:621-9. [PMID: 19245296 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2008.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inefficient tumor transduction with targeted adenoviral vectors is largely due to unspecific virus sequestration by blood components, including coagulation factor X, and Kupffer cell scavenging. In this study, we show that preinjection of snake venom factor X-binding protein (X-bp) reduces hepatocyte transduction and increases the circulation time in blood of an intravenously injected, fiber-chimeric Ad5/35 vector. X-bp pretreatment resulted in improved Ad5/35 transduction of liver metastases and increased the antitumor efficacy of an Ad5/35-based oncolytic adenovirus. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a vector based on adenoviral serotype 35, which is less sequestered by factor X, is efficient in tumor targeting. This gives a rationale for using Ad35-based vectors in virotherapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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24
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Soloff AC, Liu X, Gao W, Day RD, Gambotto A, Barratt-Boyes SM. Adenovirus 5- and 35-based immunotherapy enhances the strength but not breadth or quality of immunity during chronic SIV infection. Eur J Immunol 2009; 39:2437-49. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.200839130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Seto J, Walsh MP, Mahadevan P, Purkayastha A, Clark JM, Tibbetts C, Seto D. Genomic and bioinformatics analyses of HAdV-14p, reference strain of a re-emerging respiratory pathogen and analysis of B1/B2. Virus Res 2009; 143:94-105. [PMID: 19463726 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2009.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2008] [Revised: 03/22/2009] [Accepted: 03/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Unlike other human adenovirus (HAdV) species, B is divided into subspecies B1 and B2. Originally this was partly based on restriction enzyme (RE) analysis. B1 members, except HAdV-50, are commonly associated with respiratory diseases while B2 members are rarely associated with reported respiratory diseases. Recently two members of B2 have been identified in outbreaks of acute respiratory disease (ARD). One, HAdV-14, has re-emerged after an apparent 52-year absence. Genomic analysis and bioinformatics data are reported for HAdV-14 prototype for use as a reference and to understand and counter its re-emergence. The data complement and extend the original criteria for subspecies designation, unique amongst the adenoviruses, and highlight differences between B1 and B2, representing the first comprehensive analysis of this division. These data also provide finer granularity into the pathoepidemiology of the HAdVs. Whole genome analysis uncovers heterogeneous identity structures of the hexon and fiber genes amongst the HAdV-14 and the B1/B2 subspecies, which may be important in prescient vaccine development. Analysis of cell surface proteins provides insight into HAdV-14 tropism, accounting for its role as a respiratory pathogen. This HAdV-14 prototype genome is also a reference for applications of B2 adenoviruses as vectors for vaccine development and gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Seto
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, George Mason University, 10900 University Blvd., MSN 5B3, Manassas, VA 20110, USA.
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Lu ZZ, Zou XH, Dong LX, Qu JG, Song JD, Wang M, Guo L, Hung T. Novel recombinant adenovirus type 41 vector and its biological properties. J Gene Med 2009; 11:128-38. [PMID: 19097028 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human adenovirus serotype 41 (Ad41) is a natural pathogen of the digestive tract and can cause gastroenteritis. There has been interest in reconstructing Ad41 as a gene delivery vector targeting the gastrointestinal tract, which is hampered by its fastidiousness. METHODS An Ad41 E1B55K-transduced 293 cell line (293E12) was established as the packaging cell line. A backbone plasmid (pAdbone41) and a shuttle plasmid (pSh41-CMV) were constructed based on the Ad41 genome. Replication-defective adenovirus (Ad41-GFP) was rescued in 293E12 after being transfected with the linearized adenoviral plasmid, which was generated by homologous recombination of pAdbone41 and the shuttle plasmid carrying the GFP gene in Escherichia coli strain BJ5183. The packaging ability of 293E12, the stability of the Ad41-GFP genome and the acid-resistant property of Ad41-GFP were all investigated. RESULTS A 293E12 cell could produce approximately 9000 viral particles of Ad41-GFP, which is close to the amount in the control virus (Ad5-GFP) amplified in one 293 cell. Ad41-GFP contained a genetically stable genome after being passaged eight times in 293E12 cells. More significantly, Ad41-GFP was more resistant to acid exposure than Ad5-GFP. It retained almost complete viability when exposed to hydrochloric acid with a pH value of 2 for 30 min, whereas Ad5-GFP lost 99% of its viability under the same conditions. Ad41-GFP was also more tolerant to treatment with artificial digestive fluid. CONCLUSIONS An Ad41 vector system was successfully constructed, which consisted of the backbone plasmid, shuttle plasmid and packaging cell line 293E12. This system can be utilized to generate genetically stable and acid-resistant recombinant Ad41 carrying any gene of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Zhuang Lu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, PR China
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27
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Zhang Q, Su X, Seto D, Zheng BJ, Tian X, Sheng H, Li H, Wang Y, Zhou R. Construction and characterization of a replication-competent human adenovirus type 3-based vector as a live-vaccine candidate and a viral delivery vector. Vaccine 2009; 27:1145-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2008] [Revised: 12/07/2008] [Accepted: 12/20/2008] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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28
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Sakurai F. Development and evaluation of a novel gene delivery vehicle composed of adenovirus serotype 35. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:1819-25. [PMID: 18827334 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.1819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The capacity of gene delivery vehicles is considered to be a critical factor determining the success of gene therapy. To date, various types of gene delivery vehicle have been developed. Among them, recombinant adeno-virus (Ad) vectors have potential that has favored their worldwide use in vitro and in vivo. Conventional Ad vectors are composed of subgroup C Ad serotype 5 (Ad5), although it has been clarified that the drawbacks of Ad5 vectors are a high seroprevalence of Ad5 in adults and low transduction efficiencies in cells lacking the primary receptor for Ad5, coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor. To overcome these problems, we developed a novel Ad vector fully composed of Ad serotype 35 (Ad35). Ad35 vectors show a wide tropism for human cells because Ad35 binds to human CD46, which is ubiquitously expressed on almost all human cells, as a primary receptor. In addition, anti-Ad5 antibodies do not inhibit Ad35 vector-mediated transduction and the seroprevalence of Ad35 in adults is lower than that of Ad5. This paper reviews our studies on the development and evaluation of Ad35 vectors. Ad vectors derived from other Ad serotypes different from Ad5, including Ad35, are expected to be gene delivery vehicles alternative to conventional Ad5 vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Sakurai
- Laboratory of Gene Transfer and Regulation, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 7-6-8 Asagi, Saito, Ibaragi, Osaka 567-0085, Japan.
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29
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Adenovirus serotype 35 vector-mediated transduction following direct administration into organs of nonhuman primates. Gene Ther 2008; 16:297-302. [PMID: 18800152 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2008.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) serotype 35 (Ad35) vectors have attracted remarkable attention as alternatives to conventional Ad serotype 5 (Ad5) vectors. In a previous study, we showed that intravenously administered Ad35 vectors exhibited a safer profile than Ad5 vectors in cynomolgus monkeys, which ubiquitously express CD46, an Ad35 receptor, in a pattern similar to that in humans. However, the Ad35 vectors poorly transduced the organs. In this study, we examined the transduction properties of Ad35 vectors after local administration into organs of cynomolgus monkeys. The vectors transduced different types of cells depending on the organ. Hepatocytes and microglia were mainly transduced after the vectors were injected into the liver and cerebrum, respectively. Injection of the vectors into the femoral muscle resulted in the transduction of cells that appeared to be fibroblasts and/or macrophages. Conjunctival epithelial cells showed transgene expression following infusion into the vitreous body of the eyeball. Transgene expression was limited to areas around the injection points in most of the organs. In contrast, Ad35 vector-mediated transgene expression was not detected in any of the organs not injected with Ad35 vectors. These results suggest that Ad35 vectors are suitable for gene delivery by direct administration to organs.
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Transduction Properties of Adenovirus Serotype 35 Vectors After Intravenous Administration Into Nonhuman Primates. Mol Ther 2008; 16:726-733. [DOI: 10.1038/mt.2008.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 09/15/2007] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Larochelle N, Deol JR, Srivastava V, Allen C, Mizuguchi H, Karpati G, Holland PC, Nalbantoglu J. Downregulation of CD46 During Muscle Differentiation: Implications for Gene Transfer to Human Skeletal Muscle Using Group B Adenoviruses. Hum Gene Ther 2008; 19:133-42. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2007.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Larochelle
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4
| | - Jatinderpal R. Deol
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1A3
| | - Vinit Srivastava
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2T5
| | - Carol Allen
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4
| | - Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Gene Transfer and Regulation, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan 567-0085
| | - George Karpati
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2T5
| | - Paul C. Holland
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2T5
| | - Josephine Nalbantoglu
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1A3
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2T5
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Yang TC, Millar JB, Grinshtein N, Bassett J, Finn J, Bramson JL. T-cell immunity generated by recombinant adenovirus vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2007; 6:347-56. [PMID: 17542750 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.6.3.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant adenovirus vaccines show great promise for generating protective immunity against infectious agents and tumors. Our studies have identified several interesting biological features of the adenovirus vector that influence the T-cell response. Notably, we have demonstrated that following immunization with adenovirus vaccines, the transgene antigen remains available to the system for a longer period than would be expected, resulting in a T-cell population with a sustained effector phenotype. The implications of these observations with regards to the utility of adenovirus vaccines are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Chih Yang
- Center for Gene Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5, Canada.
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Tatsis N, Blejer A, Lasaro MO, Hensley SE, Cun A, Tesema L, Li Y, Gao GP, Xiang ZQ, Zhou D, Wilson JM, Ertl HCJ. A CD46-binding chimpanzee adenovirus vector as a vaccine carrier. Mol Ther 2007; 15:608-17. [PMID: 17228314 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mt.6300078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A replication-defective chimeric vector based on the chimpanzee adenovirus serotype C1 was developed and tested as a vaccine carrier in mice. The AdC1 virus is closely related to human adenoviruses of subgroup B2 and uses CD46 for cell attachment. To overcome poor growth of E1-deleted AdC1 vectors on cell lines that provide the E1 of adenovirus of the human serotype 5 (AdHu5) virus in trans, the inverted terminal repeats and some of the early genes of AdC1 were replaced with those from AdC5, a chimpanzee origin adenovirus of subfamily E. The chimeric AdC1/C5 vector efficiently transduces CD46-expressing mouse dendritic cells (DCs) in vitro and initiates their maturation. Transduction of DCs in vivo is inefficient in CD46 transgenic mice. The AdC1/C5 vector induces transgene product-specific B- and CD8(+) T-cell responses in mice. Responses are slightly higher in wild-type mice than in CD46 transgenic mice. Transgene product-specific T-cell responses elicited by the AdC1/C5 vector can be increased by priming or boosting with a heterologous adenovirus vector. Pre-existing immunity to adenovirus of the common human serotype 5 does not affect induction of cell-mediated immune responses by the AdC1/C5 vector. This vector provides an additional tool in a repertoire of adenovirus-based vaccine vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nia Tatsis
- 1The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Johansson C, Jonsson M, Marttila M, Persson D, Fan XL, Skog J, Frängsmyr L, Wadell G, Arnberg N. Adenoviruses use lactoferrin as a bridge for CAR-independent binding to and infection of epithelial cells. J Virol 2006; 81:954-63. [PMID: 17079302 PMCID: PMC1797453 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01995-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Most adenoviruses bind to the coxsackie- and adenovirus receptor (CAR). Surprisingly, CAR is not expressed apically on polarized cells and is thus not easily available to viruses. Consequently, alternative mechanisms for entry of coxsackievirus and adenovirus into cells have been suggested. We have found that tear fluid promotes adenovirus infection, and we have identified human lactoferrin (HLf) as the tear fluid component responsible for this effect. HLf alone was found to promote binding of adenovirus to epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner and also infection of epithelial cells by adenovirus. HLf was also found to promote gene delivery from an adenovirus-based vector. The mechanism takes place at the binding stage and functions independently of CAR. Thus, we have identified a novel binding mechanism whereby adenovirus hijacks HLf, a component of the innate immune system, and uses it as a bridge for attachment to host cells.
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Hedley SJ, Chen J, Mountz JD, Li J, Curiel DT, Korokhov N, Kovesdi I. Targeted and shielded adenovectors for cancer therapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2006; 55:1412-9. [PMID: 16612598 PMCID: PMC11031083 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-006-0158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2006] [Accepted: 03/08/2006] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Conditionally replicative adenovirus (CRAd) vectors are novel vectors with utility as virotherapy agents for alternative cancer therapies. These vectors have already established a broad safety record in humans and overcome some of the limitations of non-replicative adenovirus (Ad) vectors. In addition, one potential problem with these vectors, attainment of tumor or tissue selectivity has widely been addressed. However, two confounding problems limiting efficacy of these drug candidates remains. The paucity of the native Ad receptor on tumor tissues, and host humoral response due to pre-existing titers of neutralizing antibodies against the vector itself in humans have been highlighted in the clinical context. The well-characterized CRAd, AdDelta24-RGD, is infectivity enhanced, thus overcoming the lack of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR), and this agent is already rapidly progressing towards clinical translation. However, the perceived host humoral response potentially will limit gains seen from the infectivity enhancement and therefore a strategy to blunt immunity against the vector is required. On the basis of this caveat a novel strategy, termed shielding, has been developed in which the genetic modification of a virion capsid protein would provide uniformly shielded Ad vectors. The identification of the pIX capsid protein as an ideal locale for genetic incorporation of shielding ligands to conceal the Ad vector from pre-existing neutralizing antibodies is a major progression in the development of shielded CRAds. Preliminary data utilizing an Ad vector with HSV-TK fused to the pIX protein indicates that a shield against neutralizing antibodies can be achieved. The utility of various proteins as shielding molecules is currently being addressed. The creation of AdDelta24S-RGD, an infectivity enhanced and shielded Ad vector will provide the next step in the development of clinically and commercially feasible CRAds that can be dosed multiple times for maximum effectiveness in the fight against cancers in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jian Chen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
| | - John D. Mountz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
| | - Jing Li
- Division of Human Gene Therapy, Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, and the Gene Therapy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
| | - David T. Curiel
- Division of Human Gene Therapy, Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, and the Gene Therapy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
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Ruzsics Z, Wagner M, Osterlehner A, Cook J, Koszinowski U, Burgert HG. Transposon-assisted cloning and traceless mutagenesis of adenoviruses: Development of a novel vector based on species D. J Virol 2006; 80:8100-13. [PMID: 16873266 PMCID: PMC1563829 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00687-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Until recently, adenovirus (Ad)-mediated gene therapy was almost exclusively based on human Ad type 5 (Ad5). Preexisting immunity and the limited, coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor-dependent tropism of Ad5 stimulated attempts to exploit the natural diversity in tropism of the other 50 known human Ad serotypes. Aiming in particular at immunotherapy and vaccination, we have screened representative serotypes from different Ad species for their ability to infect dendritic cells. Ad19a, an Ad from species D, was selected for development as a new vector for vaccination and cancer gene therapy. To clone and manipulate its genome, we have developed a novel methodology, coined "exposon mutagenesis," that allows the rapid and precise introduction of virtually any genetic alteration (deletions, point mutations, or insertions) into recombinant Ad bacterial artificial chromosomes. The versatility of the system was exemplified by deleting the E3 region of Ad19a, by specifically knocking out expression of a species-specific E3 gene, E3/49K, and by reinserting E3/49K into an E3 null Ad19a mutant. The technology requires only limited sequence information and is applicable to other Ad species. Therefore, it should be extremely valuable for the analysis of gene functions from any Ad species. In addition, a basic, replication-defective E1- and E3-deleted Ad19a vector expressing GFP (Ad19aGFP) was generated. This new vector based on species D Ads exhibits a very promising tropism for lymphoid and muscle cells and shows great potential as an alternative vector for transduction of cell types that are resistant to or only poorly transduced by conventional Ad5-based vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Ruzsics
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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37
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Li S, Locke E, Bruder J, Clarke D, Doolan DL, Havenga MJE, Hill AVS, Liljestrom P, Monath TP, Naim HY, Ockenhouse C, Tang DCC, Van Kampen KR, Viret JF, Zavala F, Dubovsky F. Viral vectors for malaria vaccine development. Vaccine 2006; 25:2567-74. [PMID: 16914237 PMCID: PMC7131149 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2006] [Revised: 06/23/2006] [Accepted: 07/23/2006] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A workshop on viral vectors for malaria vaccine development, organized by the PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative, was held in Bethesda, MD on October 20, 2005. Recent advancements in viral-vectored malaria vaccine development and emerging vector technologies were presented and discussed. Classic viral vectors such as poxvirus, adenovirus and alphavirus vectors have been successfully used to deliver malaria antigens. Some of the vaccine candidates have demonstrated their potential in inducing malaria-specific immunity in animal models and human trials. In addition, emerging viral-vector technologies, such as measles virus (MV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and yellow fever (YF) virus, may also be useful for malaria vaccine development. Studies in animal models suggest that each viral vector is unique in its ability to induce humoral and/or cellular immune responses. Those studies have also revealed that optimization of Plasmodium genes for mammalian expression is an important aspect of vaccine design. Codon-optimization, surface-trafficking, de-glycosylation and removal of toxic domains can lead to improved immunogenicity. Understanding the vector's ability to induce an immune response and the expression of malaria antigens in mammalian cells will be critical in designing the next generation of viral-vectored malaria vaccines.
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38
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Zhang Q, Su X, Gong S, Zeng Q, Zhu B, Wu Z, Peng T, Zhang C, Zhou R. Comparative genomic analysis of two strains of human adenovirus type 3 isolated from children with acute respiratory infection in southern China. J Gen Virol 2006; 87:1531-1541. [PMID: 16690917 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.81515-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus type 3 (HAdV-3) is a causative agent of acute respiratory disease, which is prevalent throughout the world, especially in Asia. Here, the complete genome sequences of two field strains of HAdV-3 (strains GZ1 and GZ2) isolated from children with acute respiratory infection in southern China are reported (GenBank accession nos DQ099432 and DQ105654, respectively). The genomes were 35,273 bp (GZ1) and 35,269 bp (GZ2) and both had a G+C content of 51 mol%. They shared 99% nucleotide identity and the four early and five late regions that are characteristic of human adenoviruses. Thirty-nine protein- and two RNA-coding sequences were identified in the genome sequences of both strains. Protein pX had a predicted molecular mass of 8.3 kDa in strain GZ1; this was lower (7.6 kDa) in strain GZ2. Both strains contained 10 short inverted repeats, in addition to their inverted terminal repeats (111 bp). Comparative whole-genome analysis revealed 93 mismatches and four insertions/deletions between the two strains. Strain GZ1 infection produced a typical cytopathic effect, whereas strain GZ2 did not; non-synonymous substitutions in proteins of GZ2 may be responsible for this difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Children's Hospital, Guangzhou 510120, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaobo Su
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, LED, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Sitang Gong
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Children's Hospital, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qiyi Zeng
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Children's Hospital, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Children's Hospital, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zaohe Wu
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, LED, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Chuyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, LED, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Children's Hospital, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Zhou D, Ertl HCJ. Therapeutic potential of adenovirus as a vaccine vector for chronic virus infections. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2006; 6:63-72. [PMID: 16370915 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.6.1.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic vaccines for chronic infections and cancer are needed. Challenges faced by therapeutic vaccines differ from those of preventative vaccines. Whereas the latter target a naive immune system, the former have to readjust an antigen-experienced immune system that is subverted due to sustained exposure to antigen. E1-deleted adenoviral vectors have succeeded preclinically as preventative vaccines and are now in clinical trials. Their potential as therapeutic vaccines for diseases caused by chronic virus infections or virus-associated malignancies remains to be explored in more depth and may require modifications to circumvent negative immunoregulatory pathways that develop following chronic infections or during tumour progression.
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Shen BH, Bauzon M, Hermiston TW. The effect of hypoxia on the uptake, replication and lytic potential of group B adenovirus type 3 (Ad3) and type 11p (Ad11p). Gene Ther 2006; 13:986-90. [PMID: 16525485 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Replicating, tumor selective viruses are being tested as potential treatments for human cancers. Hypoxia is a pathophysiological cancer condition that alters the lytic potential of the replication-competent adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) virus by a mechanism independent of receptor levels or internalization rates. We extend these initial studies to examine the potential effects of hypoxia on the group B adenoviruses (Ads), adenovirus type 3 (Ad3) (group B1) and adenovirus type 11p (Ad11p) (group B2). Receptor expression (CD46) is not altered by hypoxia. However, the lytic potential is compromised in a cell-dependent fashion. Consequently, our study suggests that group B replicating Ad-based treatments, like the group C Ad-5-based viruses, will need to be modified in order to effectively treat hypoxic components of human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Shen
- Gene Therapy Research Department, Berlex Biosciences, Richmond, CA 94806, USA
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41
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Xin KQ, Jounai N, Someya K, Honma K, Mizuguchi H, Naganawa S, Kitamura K, Hayakawa T, Saha S, Takeshita F, Okuda K, Honda M, Klinman DM, Okuda K. Prime-boost vaccination with plasmid DNA and a chimeric adenovirus type 5 vector with type 35 fiber induces protective immunity against HIV. Gene Ther 2006; 12:1769-77. [PMID: 16079886 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Immunization involving a DNA vaccine prime followed by an adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) boost elicited a protective immune response against SHIV challenge in monkeys. However, the hepatocellular tropism of Ad5 limits the safety of this viral vector. This study examines the safety and immunogenicity of a replication-defective chimeric Ad5 vector with the Ad35 fiber (Ad5/35) in BALB/c mice and rhesus monkeys. This novel Ad5/35 vector showed minimal hepatotoxicity after intramuscular administration with the novel Ad5/35 vector. In addition, an Ad5/35 vector expressing HIV Env gp160 protein (Ad5/35-HIV) generated strong HIV-specific immune responses in both animal models. Priming with a DNA vaccine followed by Ad5/35-HIV boosting yielded protection against a gp160-expressing vaccinia virus challenge in BALB/c mice. The Ad5/35-HIV vector was significantly less susceptible to the pre-existing Ad5 immunity than a comparable Ad5 vector. These findings indicate that an Ad5/35 vector-based HIV vaccine may be of considerable value for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-Q Xin
- Department of Molecular Biodefense Research, Yokohama City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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42
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Gao W, Soloff AC, Lu X, Montecalvo A, Nguyen DC, Matsuoka Y, Robbins PD, Swayne DE, Donis RO, Katz JM, Barratt-Boyes SM, Gambotto A. Protection of mice and poultry from lethal H5N1 avian influenza virus through adenovirus-based immunization. J Virol 2006; 80:1959-64. [PMID: 16439551 PMCID: PMC1367171 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.80.4.1959-1964.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI) strains in poultry and their subsequent transmission to humans in Southeast Asia have raised concerns about the potential pandemic spread of lethal disease. In this paper we describe the development and testing of an adenovirus-based influenza A virus vaccine directed against the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of the A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (H5N1) (VN/1203/04) strain isolated during the lethal human outbreak in Vietnam from 2003 to 2005. We expressed different portions of HA from a recombinant replication-incompetent adenoviral vector, achieving vaccine production within 36 days of acquiring the virus sequence. BALB/c mice were immunized with a prime-boost vaccine and exposed to a lethal intranasal dose of VN/1203/04 H5N1 virus 70 days later. Vaccination induced both HA-specific antibodies and cellular immunity likely to provide heterotypic immunity. Mice vaccinated with full-length HA were fully protected from challenge with VN/1203/04. We next evaluated the efficacy of adenovirus-based vaccination in domestic chickens, given the critical role of fowl species in the spread of HPAI worldwide. A single subcutaneous immunization completely protected chickens from an intranasal challenge 21 days later with VN/1203/04, which proved lethal to all control-vaccinated chickens within 2 days. These data indicate that the rapid production and subsequent administration of recombinant adenovirus-based vaccines to both birds and high-risk individuals in the face of an outbreak may serve to control the pandemic spread of lethal avian influenza.
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MESH Headings
- Adenoviridae/genetics
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Body Weight
- Chickens
- Genetic Vectors
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular
- Immunization, Secondary/veterinary
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/isolation & purification
- Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Influenza in Birds/prevention & control
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/prevention & control
- Vaccination/veterinary
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Gao
- Department of Surgery and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Molecular Medicine Institute, Suite 412, 300 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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43
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Barratt-Boyes SM, Soloff AC, Gao W, Nwanegbo E, Liu X, Rajakumar PA, Brown KN, Robbins PD, Murphey-Corb M, Day RD, Gambotto A. Broad cellular immunity with robust memory responses to simian immunodeficiency virus following serial vaccination with adenovirus 5- and 35-based vectors. J Gen Virol 2006; 87:139-149. [PMID: 16361426 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.81445-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus serotype 35 (Ad35) is a promising vaccine platform for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and emerging infectious diseases as it is uncommon in humans worldwide and is distinct from Ad5, the major vaccine serotype for which many individuals have pre-existing immunity. The immunogenicity of a first-generation, replication-competent Ad35-based vaccine was tested in the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) rhesus macaque model by evaluating its capacity to boost immunity generated by Ad5-based vectors. A series of four immunizations with replication-defective Ad5 vectors expressing SIVmac239 gag induced high-frequency responses mediated by both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells directed against several epitopes. Ad5-specific neutralizing antibody responses that did not neutralize Ad35 were rapidly induced but waned over time. Subsequent immunization with Ad5-based vectors was minimally effective, whereas immunization with Ad35-based vectors generated a strong increase in the frequency of Gag-specific T cells with specificities that were unchanged. While this boosting response was relatively transient, challenge with the distinct pathogenic isolate SIV/DeltaB670 generated robust and selective recall responses to Gag with similar specificities as induced by vaccination that were elevated for 25 weeks relative to controls. Vaccination had measurable albeit minor effects on virus load. Unexpectedly, regional hypervariability within the Gag sequence of SIV/DeltaB670 was associated with mutation of the conserved CD8+ T-cell epitope CM9 without concurrent flanking mutations and in the absence of immune pressure. These findings support the further development of Ad35 as a vaccine vector, and promote vaccine regimens that utilize serial administration of heterologous adenoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M Barratt-Boyes
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Adam C Soloff
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Wentao Gao
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Edward Nwanegbo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Premeela A Rajakumar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Kevin N Brown
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Michael Murphey-Corb
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Richard D Day
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Andrea Gambotto
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Le LP, Li J, Ternovoi VV, Siegal GP, Curiel DT. Fluorescently tagged canine adenovirus via modification with protein IX-enhanced green fluorescent protein. J Gen Virol 2005; 86:3201-3208. [PMID: 16298964 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.80968-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV2) has become an attractive vector for gene therapy because of its non-pathogenicity and the lack of pre-existing neutralizing antibodies against this virus in the human population. Additionally, this vector has been proposed as a conditionally replicative adenovirus agent under the control of an osteocalcin promoter for evaluation in a syngeneic, immunocompetent canine model with spontaneous osteosarcoma. In this study, a CAV2 vector labelled with the fluorescent capsid fusion protein IX-enhanced green fluorescent protein (pIX-EGFP) was developed. Expression of the fluorescent fusion-protein label in infected cells with proper nuclear localization, and incorporation into virions, could be detected. The labelled virions could be visualized by fluorescence microscopy; this was applicable to the tracking of CAV2 infection, as well as localizing the distribution of the vector in tissues. Expression of pIX-EGFP could be exploited to detect the replication and spread of CAV2. These results indicate that pIX can serve as a platform for incorporation of heterologous proteins in the context of a canine adenovirus xenotype. It is believed that capsid-labelled CAV2 has utility for vector-development studies and for monitoring CAV2-based oncolytic adenovirus replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long P Le
- Division of Human Gene Therapy, Departments of Medicine, Pathology and Surgery, and the Gene Therapy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 19th Street South, BMR2-502, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Division of Human Gene Therapy, Departments of Medicine, Pathology and Surgery, and the Gene Therapy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 19th Street South, BMR2-502, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Vladimir V Ternovoi
- Division of Human Gene Therapy, Departments of Medicine, Pathology and Surgery, and the Gene Therapy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 19th Street South, BMR2-502, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Gene P Siegal
- Departments of Pathology, Cell Biology and Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-2172, USA
- Division of Human Gene Therapy, Departments of Medicine, Pathology and Surgery, and the Gene Therapy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 19th Street South, BMR2-502, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - David T Curiel
- Division of Human Gene Therapy, Departments of Medicine, Pathology and Surgery, and the Gene Therapy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 19th Street South, BMR2-502, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Hensley SE, Giles-Davis W, McCoy KC, Weninger W, Ertl HCJ. Dendritic cell maturation, but not CD8+ T cell induction, is dependent on type I IFN signaling during vaccination with adenovirus vectors. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2005; 175:6032-41. [PMID: 16237098 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.175.9.6032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To understand how vaccines initiate adaptive immune responses, it is necessary to study how they interact with APCs such as dendritic cells (DCs). In this study, we analyzed interactions between recombinant adenovirus (Ad) vectors and mouse DCs. Mouse bone marrow-derived DCs transduced with Ad vectors produced type I IFN, which promoted the maturation of both transduced and bystander DCs. DCs transduced with a vector derived from a chimpanzee Ad serotype (AdC68) produced more type I IFN and matured more efficiently compared with DCs transduced with a vector derived from a human Ad serotype (AdHu5). Both vectors stimulated type I IFN production independently of viral transcription, replication, and TLR signaling. However, each vector induced type I IFN through distinct pathways; whereas AdHu5 vectors required phosphoinositide-3-OH kinase for type I IFN induction, AdC68 vectors did not. Both vectors induced strong transgene product-specific CD8+ T cell responses in wild-type mice. DCs isolated from mice that have a defect in type I IFN signaling failed to undergo full maturation after Ad vaccination, but surprisingly, these mice mounted strong transgene product-specific CD8+ T cell responses. In these mice, we were able to detect a small number of transduced DCs that expressed high levels of costimulatory molecules, and these DCs were able to stimulate transgene product-specific CD8+ T cells. Thus, type I IFN signaling is an important component of Ad-mediated DC maturation but is dispensable during the generation of transgene product-specific CD8+ T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott E Hensley
- Cell and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, USA
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Fouletier-Dilling CM, Bosch P, Davis AR, Shafer JA, Stice SL, Gugala Z, Gannon FH, Olmsted-Davis EA. Novel Compound Enables High-Level Adenovirus Transduction in the Absence of an Adenovirus-Specific Receptor. Hum Gene Ther 2005; 16:1287-97. [PMID: 16259562 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2005.16.1287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral vectors are extensively used to deliver foreign DNA to cells for applications ranging from basic research to potential clinical therapies. A limiting step in this process is virus uptake and internalization into the target cells, which is mediated by membrane receptors. Although it is possible to modify viral capsid proteins to target the viruses, such procedures are complex and often unsuccessful. Here we present a rapid, inexpensive system for improving transduction of cells, including those that lack receptors for adenovirus fiber proteins. Addition of GeneJammer (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA) during the adenovirus transduction led to a significant increase in both the total number of transduced cells and the level of transgene expression per cell. Studies using cell lines deficient in adenovirus receptors demonstrated that addition of GeneJammer provided a novel cellular entry mechanism for the virus. These findings were tested in a cell-based gene therapy system for the induction of bone, which is contingent on high-level expression of the transgene. Inclusion of GeneJammer in either Ad5BMP2 or Ad5F35BMP2 transduction of a variety of cells demonstrated a correlating increase in bone formation. The results suggest a novel and versatile method for achieving high-level transduction using adenovirus.
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Sirena D, Ruzsics Z, Schaffner W, Greber UF, Hemmi S. The nucleotide sequence and a first generation gene transfer vector of species B human adenovirus serotype 3. Virology 2005; 343:283-98. [PMID: 16169033 PMCID: PMC7172737 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2005.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2005] [Revised: 08/09/2005] [Accepted: 08/18/2005] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (Ad) serotype 3 causes respiratory infections. It is considered highly virulent, accounting for about 13% of all Ad isolates. We report here the complete Ad3 DNA sequence of 35,343 base pairs (GenBank accession DQ086466). Ad3 shares 96.43% nucleotide identity with Ad7, another virulent subspecies B1 serotype, and 82.56 and 62.75% identity with the less virulent species B2 Ad11 and species C Ad5, respectively. The genomic organization of Ad3 is similar to the other human Ads comprising five early transcription units, E1A, E1B, E2, E3, and E4, two delayed early units IX and IVa2, and the major late unit, in total 39 putative and 7 hypothetical open reading frames. A recombinant E1-deleted Ad3 was generated on a bacterial artificial chromosome. This prototypic virus efficiently transduced CD46-positive rodent and human cells. Our results will help in clarifying the biology and pathology of adenoviruses and enhance therapeutic applications of viral vectors in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Sirena
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zsolt Ruzsics
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Gene Centre of LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Walter Schaffner
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Urs F. Greber
- Institute of Zoology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Hemmi
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- Corresponding author. Fax: +41 44 635 6811.
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Sakurai F, Kawabata K, Yamaguchi T, Hayakawa T, Mizuguchi H. Optimization of adenovirus serotype 35 vectors for efficient transduction in human hematopoietic progenitors: comparison of promoter activities. Gene Ther 2005; 12:1424-33. [PMID: 15944730 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Adenoviral gene transfer to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)/progenitors would provide a new approach to the treatment of hematopoietic diseases and study of the hematopoietic system. We have previously reported that an adenovirus (Ad) vector composed of whole Ad serotype 35 (Ad35), which belongs to subgroup B, shows efficient gene transfer into human bone marrow CD34+ cells. However, Ad35 vector-mediated transduction into human HSCs/progenitors has not yet been fully optimized. In the present study, we have systematically examined promoter activity in the context of Ad35 vectors in human bone marrow CD34+ cells and primitive CD34+ subsets to optimize the transduction efficiency in human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. In the first of the transduction experiments, the improved in vitro ligation method was applied to Ad35 vector construction to allow for simple and efficient production of an E1/E3-deleted Ad35 vector. Using this method, we constructed a series of Ad35 vectors encoding the enhanced green fluorescence protein (GFP) under the control of a variety of strong viral and cellular promoters. Of the six types of promoters tested, significantly higher transduction efficiencies were achieved with the human elongation factor 1alpha promoter (EF1alpha promoter), the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) immediate-early 1 gene enhancer/beta-actin promoter with beta-actin intron (CA promoter), and the CMV promoter/enhancer with the largest intron of CMV (intron A) (CMVi promoter) in the human CD34+ cells and the immature subsets (CD34+ CD38(low/-) and CD34+ AC133+ subsets). In particular, the CA promoter was found to allow for the highest transduction efficiencies in both the whole human CD34+ cells and the immature hematopoietic subsets. Furthermore, the CA promoter-mediated GFP-expressing cells differentiated into progenitor cells of all lineages. These results indicate the construction of an optimized Ad35 vector backbone for efficient transduction into HSCs/progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sakurai
- Laboratory of Gene Transfer and Regulation, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan
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Stone D, Ni S, Li ZY, Gaggar A, DiPaolo N, Feng Q, Sandig V, Lieber A. Development and assessment of human adenovirus type 11 as a gene transfer vector. J Virol 2005; 79:5090-104. [PMID: 15795294 PMCID: PMC1069572 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.79.8.5090-5104.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus vectors based on human serotype 5 (Ad5) have successfully been used as gene transfer vectors in many gene therapy-based approaches to treat disease. Despite their widespread application, many potential therapeutic applications are limited by the widespread prevalence of vector-neutralizing antibodies within the human population and the inability of Ad5-based vectors to transduce important therapeutic target cell types. In an attempt to circumvent these problems, we have developed Ad vectors based on human Ad serotype 11 (Ad11), since the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies to Ad11 in humans is low. E1-deleted Ad11 vector genomes were generated by homologous recombination in 293 cells expressing the Ad11-E1B55K protein or by recombination in Escherichia coli. E1-deleted Ad11 genomes did not display transforming activity in rodent cells. Transduction of primary human CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells and immature dendritic cells was more efficient with Ad11 vectors than with Ad5 vectors. Thirty minutes after intravenous injection into mice that express one of the Ad11 receptors (CD46), we found, in a pattern and at a level comparable to what is found in humans, Ad11 vector genomes in all analyzed organs, with the highest amounts in liver, lung, kidney, and spleen. Neither Ad11 genomes nor Ad11 vector-mediated transgene expression were, however, detected at 72 h postinfusion. A large number of Ad11 particles were also found to be associated with circulating blood cells. We also discovered differences in in vitro transduction efficiencies and in vivo biodistributions between Ad11 vectors and chimeric Ad5 vectors possessing Ad11 fibers, indicating that Ad11 capsid proteins other than fibers influence viral infectivity and tropism. Overall, our study provides a basis for the application of Ad11 vectors for in vitro and in vivo gene transfer and for gaining an understanding of the factors that determine Ad tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stone
- University of Washington, Division of Medical Genetics, Box 357720, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Abstract
Recombinant adenovirus (Ad) vectors continue to be the preferred vectors for gene therapy and the study of gene function because they are relatively easy to construct, can be produced at high titer, and have high transduction efficiency. However, in some applications gene transfer with Ad vectors is less efficient because the target cells lack expression of the primary receptor, coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR). Another problem is the wide biodistribution of vector in tissue following in vivo gene transfer because of the relatively broad tissue expression of CAR. To overcome these limitations, various approaches have been developed to modify Ad tropism. In one approach, the capsid proteins of Ad are modified, such as with the addition of foreign ligands or the substitution of the fiber with other types of Ad fiber, in combination with the ablation of native tropism. In other approaches, Ad vectors are conjugated with adaptor molecules, such as antibody and fusion protein containing an anti-Ad single-chain antibody (scFv) or the extracellular domain of CAR with the targeting ligands, or chemically modified with polymers containing the targeting ligands. In this paper, we review advances in the development of targeted Ad vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
- Project III, National Institute of Health Sciences, Osaka Branch, Fundamental Research Laboratories for Development of Medicine, Osaka 567-0085, Japan.
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