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Ebdon S, Laetsch DR, Dapporto L, Hayward A, Ritchie MG, Dincӑ V, Vila R, Lohse K. The Pleistocene species pump past its prime: Evidence from European butterfly sister species. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:3575-3589. [PMID: 33991396 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Pleistocene glacial cycles had a profound impact on the ranges and genetic make-up of organisms. While it is clear that the contact zones that have been described for many sister taxa are secondary and have formed in the current interglacial, it is unclear when the taxa involved began to diverge. Previous estimates based on small numbers of loci are unreliable given the stochasticity of genetic drift and the contrasting effects of incomplete lineage sorting and gene flow on gene divergence. Here, we use genome-wide transcriptome data to estimate divergence for 18 sister species pairs of European butterflies showing either sympatric or contact zone distributions. We find that in most cases, species divergence predates the mid-Pleistocene transition or even the entire Pleistocene period. We also show that although post-divergence gene flow is restricted to contact zone pairs, they are not systematically younger than sympatric pairs. This suggests that contact zones are not limited to the initial stages of the speciation process, but can involve notably old taxa. Finally, we show that mitochondrial divergence and nuclear divergence are only weakly correlated and mitochondrial divergence is higher for contact zone pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Ebdon
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dominik R Laetsch
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Leonardo Dapporto
- ZEN Laboratory, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alexander Hayward
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall, UK
| | - Michael G Ritchie
- Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, Fife, UK
| | - Vlad Dincӑ
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC - Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Konrad Lohse
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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2
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Rebar D, Barbosa F, Greenfield MD. Female reproductive plasticity to the social environment and its impact on male reproductive success. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-019-2661-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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3
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Esquer-Garrigos Y, Streiff R, Party V, Nidelet S, Navascués M, Greenfield MD. Pleistocene origins of chorusing diversity in Mediterranean bush-cricket populations ( Ephippiger diurnus). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yareli Esquer-Garrigos
- CBGP, INRA, CIRAD, IRD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- DGIMI, INRA, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Réjane Streiff
- CBGP, INRA, CIRAD, IRD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- DGIMI, INRA, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Sabine Nidelet
- CBGP, INRA, CIRAD, IRD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Michael D Greenfield
- Université de Tours, Tours, France
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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4
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Hu P, Wang R. The complete mitochondrial genome of Parantica sita sita (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Danainae) revealing substantial genetic divergence from its sibling subspecies P. s. niphonica. Gene 2018; 686:76-84. [PMID: 30391439 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there are two subspecies of the chestnut tiger butterfly (Parantica sita) recognized in China. P. s. sita is widely distributed in southwest China and P. s. niphonica in Taiwan. Periodically, Taiwan Island and the Chinese mainland have been connected and separated because of sea level changes caused by Pleistocene glaciations, most likely influencing the genetic structure among P. sita populations on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. Also, P. s. niphonica's well-documented long-distance migration may have influenced genetic differentiation within this species as well. So, investigation of the genetic differentiation of these two subspecies is well warranted. In this study, we sequenced the complete mitogenome (15,156 bp in length) of P. s. sita and its general characteristics agreed with general butterfly mitogenomic characteristics. However, when compared genetically with P. s. niphonica, P. s. sita diverged substantially. First, there were 4.1% variable sites between these two subspecies, with 5.3% at COI and 3.8% at COII, differences much greater than those expected of general interspecific divergences in butterflies. Second, there was a 59 bp fragment deletion in the A + T rich region of P. s. sita and, third, the relationships of these two subspecies and P. luzonensis could not be distinguished using Bayesian inference and P. s. niphonica first clustered with P. luzonensis, rather than P. s. sita, using maximum likelihood. Based on these results, we propose that P. s. sita and P. s. niphonica are independent species instead of subspecies. This proposal should be clarified through further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Rongjiang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
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5
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Barbosa F, Rebar D, Greenfield MD. When do trade-offs occur? The roles of energy constraints and trait flexibility in bushcricket populations. J Evol Biol 2017; 31:287-301. [PMID: 29215173 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In many animal species, the expression of sexually selected traits is negatively correlated with traits associated with survival such as immune function, a relationship termed a 'trade-off'. But an alternative in which sexually selected traits are positively correlated with survival traits is also widespread. We propose that the nature of intertrait relationships is largely determined by overall energy expenditure, energy availability and trait flexibility, with trade-offs expected when individuals are subject to energy constraints. We tested this hypothesis in Ephippiger diurnus, a European bushcricket in which males are distinguished by two prominent sexually selected traits, acoustic calls and a large spermatophore transferred to the female at mating, and where immune function may be critical in survival. Ephippiger diurnus are distributed as small, isolated populations that are differentiated genetically and behaviourally. We analysed songs, spermatophores and the immune function in male individuals from eight populations spanning a range of song types. As predicted, we only found trade-offs in those populations that expended more energy on song and were less flexible in their ability to adjust that expenditure. Ultimately, energy constraints and resulting trade-offs may limit the evolution of song exaggeration in E. diurnus populations broadcasting long calls comprised of multiple 'syllables'.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Barbosa
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte (IRBI), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, UMR 7261, Tours, France.,Department of Biology, Lake Forest College, Lake Forest, IL, USA
| | - D Rebar
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte (IRBI), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, UMR 7261, Tours, France.,Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M D Greenfield
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte (IRBI), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, UMR 7261, Tours, France
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6
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Phylogeographic structure without pre-mating barriers: Do habitat fragmentation and low mobility preserve song and chorus diversity in a European bushcricket? Evol Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-017-9914-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Rebar D, Greenfield MD. When do acoustic cues matter? Perceived competition and reproductive plasticity over lifespan in a bushcricket. Anim Behav 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Barbosa F, Rebar D, Greenfield MD. Female preference functions drive interpopulation divergence in male signalling: call diversity in the bushcricket Ephippiger diurnus. J Evol Biol 2016; 29:2219-2228. [PMID: 27471011 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Female preferences play a major role in the elaboration and diversification of male traits: as a selective pressure on males, variation in female preferences can generate population divergence and ultimately, speciation. We studied how interpopulation differences in the shape of female mate preference functions may have shaped male advertisement signals in the bushcricket Ephippiger diurnus. This species is distributed as geographically isolated populations with striking interpopulation variation in male acoustic signals, most notably in the number of syllables per call. Here, we asked whether differences in the shape of preference functions exist among populations and whether those differences may have driven male signal evolution resulting in the observed differences in syllable numbers. Our results reveal fundamental differences in female preferences among populations, with differences in the overall preference function shape corresponding to differences in male signals. These differences in female preferences best explain the major differences in male signals among populations. The interpopulation variation in signals and preferences potentially reflects the evolutionary history of the species and may contribute to further divergence among populations and subsequent speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Barbosa
- UMR 7261, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte (IRBI), Tours, France.
| | - D Rebar
- UMR 7261, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte (IRBI), Tours, France.,Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M D Greenfield
- UMR 7261, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte (IRBI), Tours, France
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9
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Greenfield MD, Esquer-Garrigos Y, Streiff R, Party V. Animal choruses emerge from receiver psychology. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34369. [PMID: 27670673 PMCID: PMC5037466 DOI: 10.1038/srep34369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Synchrony and alternation in large animal choruses are often viewed as adaptations by which cooperating males increase their attractiveness to females or evade predators. Alternatively, these seemingly composed productions may simply emerge by default from the receiver psychology of mate choice. This second, emergent property hypothesis has been inferred from findings that females in various acoustic species ignore male calls that follow a neighbor's by a brief interval, that males often adjust the timing of their call rhythm and reduce the incidence of ineffective, following calls, and from simulations modeling the collective outcome of male adjustments. However, the purported connection between male song timing and female preference has never been tested experimentally, and the emergent property hypothesis has remained speculative. Studying a distinctive katydid species genetically structured as isolated populations, we conducted a comparative phylogenetic analysis of the correlation between male call timing and female preference. We report that across 17 sampled populations male adjustments match the interval over which females prefer leading calls; moreover, this correlation holds after correction for phylogenetic signal. Our study is the first demonstration that male adjustments coevolved with female preferences and thereby confirms the critical link in the emergent property model of chorus evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Greenfield
- Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l’insecte (IRBI), CNRS UMR 7261, Parc de Grandmont, Université François Rabelais de Tours, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Yareli Esquer-Garrigos
- INRA, UMR 1062 CBGP, Campus International de Baillarguet, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
- INRA, UMR 1333 DGIMI, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Réjane Streiff
- INRA, UMR 1062 CBGP, Campus International de Baillarguet, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
- INRA, UMR 1333 DGIMI, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Virginie Party
- Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l’insecte (IRBI), CNRS UMR 7261, Parc de Grandmont, Université François Rabelais de Tours, 37200 Tours, France
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10
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Finely tuned choruses: bush crickets adjust attention to neighboring singers in relation to the acoustic environment they create. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-016-2166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Rebar D, Barbosa F, Greenfield MD. Acoustic experience influences male and female pre- and postcopulatory behaviors in a bushcricket. Behav Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arv171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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12
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Party V, Streiff R, Marin-Cudraz T, Greenfield MD. Group synchrony and alternation as an emergent property: elaborate chorus structure in a bushcricket is an incidental by-product of female preference for leading calls. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-015-2008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Barbosa F, Rebar D, Greenfield MD. Reproduction and immunity trade-offs constrain mating signals and nuptial gift size in a bushcricket. Behav Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arv131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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14
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Abstract
Evolution is inherently a spatiotemporal process; however, despite this, phylogenetic and geographical data and models remain largely isolated from one another. Geographical information systems provide a ready-made spatial modelling, analysis and dissemination environment within which phylogenetic models can be explicitly linked with their associated spatial data and subsequently integrated with other georeferenced data sets describing the biotic and abiotic environment. geophylobuilder 1.0 is an extension for the arcgis geographical information system that builds a 'geophylogenetic' data model from a phylogenetic tree and associated geographical data. Geophylogenetic database objects can subsequently be queried, spatially analysed and visualized in both 2D and 3D within a geographical information systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Kidd
- National Evolutionary Synthesis Center, Suite A200, 2024 West Main Street, Durham, NC 27705, USA
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15
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Male song as a predictor of the nuptial gift in bushcrickets: on the confounding influence of male choice. Anim Behav 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Henry CS, Brooks SJ, Duelli P, Johnson JB, Wells MM, Mochizuki A. Obligatory duetting behaviour in theChrysoperla carnea-group of cryptic species (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae): its role in shaping evolutionary history. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2013; 88:787-808. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles S. Henry
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Connecticut; Storrs Connecticut CT 06269 U.S.A
| | - Stephen J. Brooks
- Department of Entomology; The Natural History Museum; London SW7 5BD U.K
| | - Peter Duelli
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL; Birmensdorf CH-8903 Switzerland
| | - James B. Johnson
- Division of Entomology; University of Idaho; Moscow Idaho ID 83844 U.S.A
| | - Marta M. Wells
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Yale University; New Haven Connecticut CT 06520 U.S.A
| | - Atsushi Mochizuki
- National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences; Tsukuba City Ibaraki 305 8604 Japan
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17
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TRIPONEZ Y, BUERKI S, BORER M, NAISBIT RE, RAHIER M, ALVAREZ N. Discordances between phylogenetic and morphological patterns in alpine leaf beetles attest to an intricate biogeographic history of lineages in postglacial Europe. Mol Ecol 2011; 20:2442-63. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05096.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Mitochondrial DNA structure of the Iberian populations of the white-clawed crayfish, Austropotamobius italicus italicus (Faxon, 1914). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2010; 57:327-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2010] [Revised: 05/30/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Multiple genetic divergences and population expansions of a Mediterranean sandfly, Phlebotomus ariasi, in Europe during the Pleistocene glacial cycles. Heredity (Edinb) 2010; 106:714-26. [PMID: 20736970 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2010.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Phlebotomus ariasi is one of the two sandflies transmitting the causative agent of zoonotic leishmaniasis, Leishmania infantum, in France and Iberia, and provides a rare case study of the postglacial re-colonization of France by a Mediterranean species. Four DNA sequences were analysed-mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b), nuclear elongation factor-1α (EF-1α) and two anonymous nuclear loci-for 14-15 French populations and single populations from northeast Spain, northwest Spain, Portugal and Morocco. The presence of cryptic sibling species was not revealed by phylogenetic analyses and testing for reproductive isolation between sympatric populations defined by the two most divergent cyt b haplogroups. No locus was shown to be under positive directional or balancing selection and, therefore, molecular variation was explained demographically. Each nuclear locus showed shallow isolation by distance from Portugal to the French Pyrenees, but for both cyt b and EF-1α there was then a step change to the upland Massif Central, where leading-edge populations showed low diversity at all loci. Multiple genetic divergences and population expansions were detected by analyses of cyt b and dated to the Pleistocene. Endemicity of one cyt b sub-lineage suggested the presence of a refuge north of the Pyrenees during the last glacial period. Monopolization of the Massif Central by genetically differentiated populations of P. ariasi might possibly hinder the northwards spread of leishmaniasis.
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20
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Deffontaine V, Ledevin R, Fontaine MC, Quéré JP, Renaud S, Libois R, Michaux JR. A relict bank vole lineage highlights the biogeographic history of the Pyrenean region in Europe. Mol Ecol 2009; 18:2489-502. [PMID: 19389172 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04162.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Pyrenean region exhibits high levels of endemism suggesting a major contribution to the phylogeography of European species. But, to date, the role of the Pyrenees and surrounding areas as a glacial refugium for temperate species remains poorly explored. In the current study, we investigated the biogeographic role of the Pyrenean region through the analyses of genetic polymorphism and morphology of a typical forest-dwelling small mammal, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus). Analyses of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and the third upper molar (M(3)) show a complex phylogeographic structure in the Pyrenean region with at least three distinct lineages: the Western European, Spanish and Basque lineages. The Basque lineage in the northwestern (NW) Pyrenees was identified as a new clearly differentiated and geographically localized bank vole lineage in Europe. The average M(3) shape of Basque bank voles suggests morphological differentiation but also restricted genetic exchanges with other populations. Our genetic and morphological results as well as palaeo-environmental and fossils records support the hypothesis of a new glacial refugium in Europe situated in the NW Pyrenees. The permissive microclimatic conditions that prevailed for a long time in this region may have allowed the survival of temperate species, including humans. Moreover, local differentiation around the Pyrenees is favoured by the opportunity for populations to track the shift of the vegetation belt in altitude rather than in latitude. The finding of the Basque lineage is in agreement with the high level of endemic taxa reported in the NW Pyrenees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Deffontaine
- Unité de recherches zoogéographiques, University of Liège, Bât. B22, Boulevard du Rectorat, Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
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21
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Voje KL, Hemp C, Flagstad Ø, Saetre GP, Stenseth NC. Climatic change as an engine for speciation in flightless Orthoptera species inhabiting African mountains. Mol Ecol 2009; 18:93-108. [PMID: 19140967 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.04002.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Many East African mountains are characterized by an exceptionally high biodiversity. Here we assess the hypothesis that climatic fluctuations during the Plio-Pleistocene led to ecological fragmentation with subsequent genetic isolation and speciation in forest habitats in East Africa. Hypotheses on speciation in savannah lineages are also investigated. To do this, mitochondrial DNA sequences from a group of bush crickets consisting of both forest and savannah inhabiting taxa were analysed in relation to Plio-Pleistocene range fragmentations indicated by palaeoclimatic studies. Coalescent modelling and mismatch distributions were used to distinguish between alternative biogeographical scenarios. The results indicate two radiations: the earliest one overlaps in time with the global spread of C4 grasslands and only grassland inhabiting lineages originated in this radiation. Climatically induced retraction of forest to higher altitudes about 0.8 million years ago, promoting vicariant speciation in species inhabiting the montane zone, can explain the second radiation. Although much of the biodiversity in East Africa is presently threatened by climate change, past climatic fluctuations appear to have contributed to the species richness observed in the East African hot spots. Perceiving forests as centres of speciation reinforces the importance of conserving the remaining forest patches in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjetil Lysne Voje
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biology, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
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22
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A preliminary mitochondrial genome phylogeny of Orthoptera (Insecta) and approaches to maximizing phylogenetic signal found within mitochondrial genome data. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2008; 49:59-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2007] [Revised: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 07/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Excoffier L, Ray N. Surfing during population expansions promotes genetic revolutions and structuration. Trends Ecol Evol 2008; 23:347-51. [PMID: 18502536 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2008.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 426] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2008] [Revised: 04/02/2008] [Accepted: 04/04/2008] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Excoffier
- Computational and Molecular Population Genetics Lab, Institute of Zoology, University of Berne, Baltzerstrasse 6, Berne, Switzerland.
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24
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Bailey NW, Gwynne DT, Ritchie MG. Dispersal differences predict population genetic structure in Mormon crickets. Mol Ecol 2008; 16:2079-89. [PMID: 17498233 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2007.03265.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Research investigating the geographical context of speciation has primarily focused on abiotic factors such as the role of Pleistocene glacial cycles, or geotectonic events. Few study systems allow a direct comparison of how biological differences, such as dispersal behaviour, affect population genetic structure of organisms that were subdivided during the Pleistocene. Mormon crickets exist in solitary and gregarious 'phases', which broadly correspond with an east-west mtDNA division across the Rocky Mountains. Gregarious individuals form bands that can move up to 2 km daily. This study assessed whether population genetic structure results mainly from deep Pleistocene vicariance or if we can also detect more recent genetic patterns due to phase and dispersal differences superimposed on the older, deeper divisions. We found that separation in refugia was a more important influence on genetic divergence than phase, with the Rockies acting as a barrier that separated Mormon cricket populations into eastern and western refugia during Pleistocene glacial cycles. However, patterns of isolation by distance differ between eastern and western clades for both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, with greater divergence within the eastern, solitary clade. An mtDNA haplotype mismatch distribution is compatible with historical population expansion in the western clade but not in the eastern clade. A persistent (and possibly sex-biased) difference in dispersal ability has most likely influenced the greater population genetic structure seen in the eastern clade, emphasizing the importance of the interaction of Quaternary climate fluctuations and geography with biotic factors in producing the patterns of genetic subdivision observed today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan W Bailey
- Department of Biology, 3357 Spieth Hall, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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