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Seong J, Oh J, Lee H, Jeon G, Kong H. Identification and analysis of phospholipid transfer protein polymorphisms and their association with marbling score in Hanwoo (Korean cattle). GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2013; 12:731-7. [DOI: 10.4238/2013.march.13.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Phenotypic and gene expression differences between DA, BN and WOKW rats. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38981. [PMID: 22768054 PMCID: PMC3387203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because inbred rat strains are widely used as laboratory models, knowledge of phenotypic and genetic variations between strains will be useful to obtain insight into the relationship between different strains. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied phenotypic traits: of each strain--BN/K, DA/K and WOKW--10 male rats were studied for body weight and serum constituents at an age of 10 and 30 weeks. In addition, a total of 95 rats were studied for life expectancy. At an age of 30 weeks, these male rats were killed by an overdose of anesthetic (Sevofluran, Abbott), and the subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue as well as bone tissue were removed to study the expression of 20 genes. There were significant differences in body weight, serum lipids and leptin at an age of 30 weeks between strains. Regarding life expectancy, BN rats lived longest (1072±228d). The highest gene expression was found in bone of BN rats. In adipose tissues, Nfkb1 is only expressed in subcutaneous adipocytes, and 5 genes, Col2a1, Mmp9, Tnfa, Ins1 and Cyp24a1, are not expressed in adipocytes. The ranking BN = DA>WOKW was observed in only one gene in subcutaneous (Fto) and visceral adipocytes (Col6a1). There were no significant differences in gene expression of one gene in subcutaneous adipocytes and of 3 genes in visceral adipocytes. Comparing the gene expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipocytes, only one gene showed a comparable behavior (Bmp1). CONCLUSION From these results, it can be concluded that obvious phenotypic differences are caused by genetic differences between three rat strains, BN, DA and WOKW, as supported by gene expression studies in bone and adipose tissues. Especially BN rats can be used to study the genetic basis of long life.
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Dullaart RPF, Vergeer M, de Vries R, Kappelle PJWH, Dallinga-Thie GM. Type 2 diabetes mellitus interacts with obesity and common variations in PLTP to affect plasma phospholipid transfer protein activity. J Intern Med 2012; 271:490-8. [PMID: 21973210 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02465.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) is an emerging cardiometabolic risk marker that is important in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride metabolism. Plasma PLTP activity is elevated in type 2 diabetes mellitus, whereas glucose may regulate PLTP gene transcription in vitro. Of interest, common PLTP variations that predict cardiovascular disease have been identified recently. We investigated whether the diabetic state is able to amplify relationships between obesity and PLTP gene variations with circulating PLTP levels. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Plasma PLTP activity (using a phospholipid vesicles-HDL system), PLTP gene score [number of PLTP activity-decreasing alleles based on two tagging polymorphisms (rs378114 and rs60- 65904)] and waist circumference were determined in two Dutch cohorts comprising 237 patients with type 2 diabetes and 78 control subjects. RESULTS Patients with diabetes were more obese (P < 0.001 for prevalence of increased waist circumference) and had 13% higher plasma PLTP activity (P < 0.001). PLTP gene score was not different in diabetic and control subjects (P = 0.40). PLTP activity was highest in patients with diabetes with an enlarged waist and lowest in control subjects with a normal waist circumference (P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a positive interaction between diabetes status and waist circumference on PLTP activity (β = 0.200, P = 0.005). Furthermore, diabetes status (β = -0.485, P = 0.046) or HbA1c (β = -0.240, P = 0.035) interacted with PLTP gene score to affect PLTP activity. CONCLUSIONS Type 2 diabetes and enlarged waist circumference interact to impact on plasma PLTP activity. Diabetes may also amplify the association between plasma PLTP activity and common PLTP gene variations. Our findings support the hypothesis that diabetes-environment and diabetes-gene interactions govern plasma PLTP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P F Dullaart
- Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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4
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Genetic Variation at the
Phospholipid Transfer Protein
Locus Affects Its Activity and High-Density Lipoprotein Size and Is a Novel Marker of Cardiovascular Disease Susceptibility. Circulation 2010; 122:470-7. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.109.912519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen X, Sun A, Mansoor A, Zou Y, Ge J, Lazar JM, Jiang XC. Plasma PLTP activity is inversely associated with HDL-C levels. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2009; 6:49. [PMID: 19948027 PMCID: PMC2793253 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-6-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) is an important modulator of lipoprotein metabolism, including interparticle phospholipid transfer, remodeling of HDL, cholesterol and phospholipid efflux from peripheral tissues, and the production of hepatic VLDL. PLTP also plays an important role in inflammation and oxidative stress. Accordingly, PLTP has been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis. In this study, we evaluated the association between PLTP activity and lipoprotein metabolism in a Chinese patients cohort with or without coronary heart disease (CHD group n = 407, control group n = 215), the PLTP activity was measured and PLTP genotyping was screened for sequence anomalies by PCR. We found that human plasma PLTP activity was negatively associated with plasma HDL and apoA-I levels, and positively associated with plasma TG, apoB and apoE levels. We also found that PLTP rs2294213 polymorphism was tended to be associated with increased plasma PLTP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Chen
- Institute of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Aijun Sun
- Institute of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ather Mansoor
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Institute of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Institute of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jason M Lazar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Xian-Cheng Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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Quintão ECR, Cazita PM. Lipid transfer proteins: past, present and perspectives. Atherosclerosis 2009; 209:1-9. [PMID: 19733354 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Revised: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 08/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipid transfer proteins (PLTP and CETP) play roles in atherogenesis by modifying the arterial intima cholesterol content via altering the concentration and function of plasma lipoproteins and influencing inflammation. In this regard, endotoxins impair the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) system in an endotoxemic rodent model, supporting a pro-inflammatory role of HDL reported in chronic diseases where atherosclerosis is premature. High PLTP activity related to atherosclerosis in some clinical studies, but the mechanisms involved could not be ascertained. In experimental animals the relation of elevated plasma PLTP concentration with atherosclerosis was confounded by HDL-C lowering and by unfavorable effects on several inflammatory markers. Coincidently, PLTP also increases in human experimental endotoxemia and in clinical sepsis. Human population investigations seem to favor low CETP as atheroprotective; this is supported by animal models where overexpression of huCETP is atherogenic, most likely due to increased concentration of apoB-lipoprotein-cholesterol. Thus, in spite of CETP facilitating the HDL-C-mediated RCT, the reduction of apoB-LP-cholesterol concentration is the probable antiatherogenic mechanism of CETP inhibition. On the other hand, experimental huCETP expression protects mice from the harmful effects of a bacterial polysaccharide infusion and the mortality rate of severely ill patients correlates with reduction of the plasma CETP concentration. Thus, the roles played by PLTP and CETP on atherosclerosis and acute inflammation seem contradictory. Therefore, the biological roles of PLTP and CETP must be carefully monitored when investigating drugs that inhibit their activity in the prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eder C R Quintão
- Lipids Lab, LIM 10, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Engler MB, Pullinger CR, Malloy MJ, Natanzon Y, Kulkarni MV, Song J, Eng C, Huuskonen J, Rivera C, Poon A, Bensley M, Sehnert A, Zellner C, Kane J, Aouizerat BE. Genetic variation in phospholipid transfer protein modulates lipoprotein profiles in hyperalphalipoproteinemia. Metabolism 2008; 57:1719-24. [PMID: 19013296 PMCID: PMC2615231 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2008.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2007] [Accepted: 07/17/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated the role of a phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) gene variation (rs2294213) in determining levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in hypoalphalipoproteinemia (HypoA). We have now explored the role of PLTP in hyperalphalipoproteinemia (HyperA). The human PLTP gene was screened for sequence anomalies by DNA melting in 107 subjects with HyperA. The association with plasma lipoprotein levels was evaluated. We detected 7 sequence variations: 1 previously reported variation (rs2294213) and 5 novel mutations including 1 missense mutation (L106F). The PLTP activity was unchanged in the p.L106F mutation. The frequency of the rs2294213 minor allele was markedly increased in the HyperA group (7.0%) in comparison with a control group (4.3%) and the hypoalphalipoproteinemia group (2.2%). Moreover, rs2294213 was strongly associated with HDL-C levels. Linear regression models predict that possession of the rs2294213 minor allele increases HDL-C independent of triglycerides. These findings extend the association of rs2294213 with HDL-C levels into the extremes of the HDL distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary B. Engler
- Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Clive R. Pullinger
- Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Mary J. Malloy
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Yanina Natanzon
- Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Medha V. Kulkarni
- Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - James Song
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Celeste Eng
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Jaarko Huuskonen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Christopher Rivera
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Annie Poon
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Matt Bensley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Amy Sehnert
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Christian Zellner
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - John Kane
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Bradley E. Aouizerat
- Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
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Takahashi S, Cui YH, Han YH, Fagerness JA, Galloway B, Shen YC, Kojima T, Uchiyama M, Faraone SV, Tsuang MT. Association of SNPs and haplotypes in APOL1, 2 and 4 with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2008; 104:153-64. [PMID: 18632255 PMCID: PMC3736834 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2008.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2007] [Revised: 05/16/2008] [Accepted: 05/22/2008] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Prior work found the APOL1, 2 and 4 genes, located on chromosome 22q12.3-q13.1, to be upregulated in brains of schizophrenic patients. We performed a family-based association study using 130 SNPs tagging the APOL gene family (APOL1-6). The subjects were 112 African-American (AA), 114 European-American (EA), 109 Chinese (Ch) and 42 Japanese (Jp) families with schizophrenia (377 families, 1161 genotyped members and 647 genotyped affected in total). Seven SNPs had p-values<0.05 in the APOL1, 2 and 4 regions for the AA, EA and combined (AA and EA) samples. In the AA sample, two SNPs, rs9610449 and rs6000200 showed low p-values; and a haplotype which comprised these two SNPs yielded a p-value of 0.00029 using the global test (GT) and the allele specific test (AST). The two SNPs and the haplotype were associated with risk for schizophrenia in African-Americans. In the combined (AA and EA) sample, two SNPs, rs2003813 and rs2157249 showed low p-values; and a three SNP haplotype including these two SNPs was significant using the GT (p=0.0013) and the AST (p=0.000090). The association of this haplotype with schizophrenia was significant for the entire (AA, EA, Ch and Jp) sample using the GT (p=0.00054) and the AST (p=0.00011). Although our study is not definitive, it suggests that the APOL genes should be more extensively studied in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakae Takahashi
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Nihon University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu-hu Cui
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Peking, China
| | - Yong-hua Han
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Peking, China
| | - Jesen A. Fagerness
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, and Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Brian Galloway
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, and Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Yu-cun Shen
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Peking, China
| | - Takuya Kojima
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Nihon University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Uchiyama
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Nihon University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stephen V. Faraone
- Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Ming T. Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Institute of Psychiatric Epidemiology and Genetics, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA,University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Vergeer M, Dallinga-Thie GM, Dullaart RPF, van Tol A. Evaluation of phospholipid transfer protein as a therapeutic target. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.2217/17460875.3.3.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Penza M, Montani C, Romani A, Vignolini P, Pampaloni B, Tanini A, Brandi ML, Alonso-Magdalena P, Nadal A, Ottobrini L, Parolini O, Bignotti E, Calza S, Maggi A, Grigolato PG, Di Lorenzo D. Genistein affects adipose tissue deposition in a dose-dependent and gender-specific manner. Endocrinology 2006; 147:5740-51. [PMID: 16959845 DOI: 10.1210/en.2006-0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The soy isoflavone genistein targets adipose tissue and elicits physiological effects that may vary based on dietary intake. We hypothesized that the adipose effects of genistein are dose and gender dependent. Four-week-old C57BL/6 male and female mice received daily oral doses of genistein (50-200,000 microg/kg.d) or 17beta-estradiol (E2) (5 microg/kg.d) for 15 d or a diet containing 800 ppm genistein. Genistein increased epididymal and renal fat pad and adipocyte size at doses up to 50,000 microg/kg.d or at 800 ppm in the diet in males but not in females. The alteration in adipocity correlated with changes in peripheral insulin resistance. These treatments increased genistein serum concentrations from 35+/-6 to 103+/-26 nM 12 h after treatment and lowered plasma triglycerides and cholesterol levels. The 200,000 microg/kg.d genistein dose decreased adipose tissue weight similarly to E2. This genistein dose down-regulated estrogen receptor (beta more than alpha) and progesterone receptor expression and induced estrogen-dependent adipose differentiation factors; it did not change expression of the minimal consensus estrogen-responsive element in ERE-tK-LUC mice, which was positively modulated in other tissues (e.g. the lung). E2 down-regulated almost all examined adipogenic factors. Gene microarray analysis identified factors in fat metabolism and obesity-related phenotypes differentially regulated by low and high doses of genistein, uncovering its adipogenic and antiadipogenic actions. The lower dose induced the phospholipase A2 group 7 and the phospholipid transfer protein genes; the 200,000 microg/kg.d dose inhibited them. The antiadipogenic action of genistein and down-regulation of adipogenic genes required the expression of ERbeta. In conclusion, nutritional doses of genistein are adipogenic in a gender-specific manner, whereas pharmacological doses inhibited adipose deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Penza
- 3rd Laboratory/Biotechnology, and Department of Diagnostics, Civic Hospital of Brescia, 25123 and Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- David Akopian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University at Northridge, Northridge, California 91330-8262, USA
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Aouizerat BE, Engler MB, Natanzon Y, Kulkarni M, Song J, Eng C, Huuskonen J, Rivera C, Poon A, Bensley M, Sehnert A, Zellner C, Malloy M, Kane J, Pullinger CR. Genetic variation of PLTP modulates lipoprotein profiles in hypoalphalipoproteinemia. J Lipid Res 2006; 47:787-93. [PMID: 16388083 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m500476-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) participates in key processes in lipoprotein metabolism, including interparticle phospholipid transfer, remodeling of HDL, cholesterol and phospholipid efflux from peripheral tissues, and the production of hepatic VLDL. The impact of PLTP on reverse cholesterol transport suggests that the gene may harbor sequence anomalies that contribute to disorders of HDL metabolism. The human PLTP gene was screened for sequence anomalies by DNA melting analysis in 276 subjects with hypoalphalipoproteinemia (HA) and 364 controls. The association with plasma lipid parameters was evaluated. We discovered 18 sequence variations, including four missense mutations and a novel polymorphism (c.-34G > C). In healthy controls, the c.-34G > C minor allele was associated with higher high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and was depleted in subjects with HA. Linear regression models predict that possession of the rare allele decreases plasma triglyceride (TG) and TG/HDL-C and increases HDL-C independent of TG. Decreased PLTP activity was observed in one (p.R235W) of four (p.E72G, p.S119A, p.S124Y, and p.R235W) mutations in an in vitro activity assay. These findings indicate that PLTP gene variation is an important determinant of plasma lipoproteins and affects disorders of HDL metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley E Aouizerat
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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