1
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Chai J, Wang Q, Qiu Q, Han G, Chen Y, Li W, Zhang H. YBX1 regulates the survival of chronic myeloid leukemia stem cells by modulating m6A-mediated YWHAZ stability. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 46:451-464. [PMID: 36512307 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00762-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disease derived from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that harbor Philadelphia chromosome (Ph chromosome). In clinic, leukemia stem cells (LSCs) in CML are insensitive to the treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and are responsible for disease relapse. However, the molecular mechanisms for maintaining LSCs survival remain elusive. METHODS CML patient-derived cell lines and BCR-ABL-induced CML mouse model were used to explore the role of YBX1 in regulating the survival of CML LSCs. Bone marrow transduction and transplantation, and colony-forming unit assay were used to investigate LSC function. The underlying mechanism of how YBX1 regulates LSCs survival were assessed using flow cytometry, RNA sequencing, western blot, RNA decay assay, co-immunoprecipitation and RNA immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Here we show that RNA-binding protein YBX1 plays an important role in regulating survival of CML LSCs. We find that YBX1 expression is significantly increased in CML cells, and confirm that YBX1 is required for maintaining survival of LSCs. Deletion of YBX1 impairs the propagation of CML through blocking cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis of LSCs. Mechanistically, we find that YBX1 regulates expression of apoptotic associated genes. YBX1 cooperates with RNA m6A reader IGF2BPs to stabilize YWHAZ transcript in an m6A-dependent manner, and loss of YBX1 decreases YWHAZ expression by accelerating mRNA decay. Restoration of YWHAZ efficiently rescues the defects of YBX1-deficient CML cells. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal a critical role of YBX1 in maintaining survival of CML LSCs, which provides a rationale for targeting YBX1 in CML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihua Chai
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, No.185, East Lake Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qifan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, No.185, East Lake Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People's Republic of China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital & Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoqiang Han
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yilin Chen
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiming Li
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haojian Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, No.185, East Lake Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People's Republic of China.
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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2
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Zhang N, Zhao C, Zhang X, Cui X, Zhao Y, Yang J, Gao X. Growth arrest-specific 2 protein family: Structure and function. Cell Prolif 2020; 54:e12934. [PMID: 33103301 PMCID: PMC7791176 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the growth arrest–specific 2 (GAS2) protein family consist of a putative actin‐binding (CH) domain and a microtubule‐binding (GAR) domain and are considered miniversions of spectraplakins. There are four members in the GAS2 family, viz. GAS2, GAS2L1, GAS2L2 and GAS2L3. Although GAS2 is defined as a family of growth arrest–specific proteins, the significant differences in the expression patterns, interaction characteristics and biological issues or diseases among the different GAS2 family members have not been systemically reviewed to date. Therefore, we summarized the available evidence on the structures and functions of GAS2 family members. This review facilitates a comprehensive molecular understanding of the involvement of the GAS2 family members in an array of biological processes, including cytoskeleton reorganization, cell cycle, apoptosis and cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology in Tianjin, Excellent Talent Project, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology in Tianjin, Excellent Talent Project, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology in Tianjin, Excellent Talent Project, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoteng Cui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology in Tianjin, Excellent Talent Project, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Variation, and Regeneration, Ministry of Education and Tianjin Municipal Government, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology in Tianjin, Excellent Talent Project, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology in Tianjin, Excellent Talent Project, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xingjie Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology in Tianjin, Excellent Talent Project, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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3
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Fan X, Cui L, Zeng Y, Song W, Gaur U, Yang M. 14-3-3 Proteins Are on the Crossroads of Cancer, Aging, and Age-Related Neurodegenerative Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143518. [PMID: 31323761 PMCID: PMC6678932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
14-3-3 proteins are a family of conserved regulatory adaptor molecules which are expressed in all eukaryotic cells. These proteins participate in a variety of intracellular processes by recognizing specific phosphorylation motifs and interacting with hundreds of target proteins. Also, 14-3-3 proteins act as molecular chaperones, preventing the aggregation of unfolded proteins under conditions of cellular stress. Furthermore, 14-3-3 proteins have been shown to have similar expression patterns in tumors, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, we put forward the idea that the adaptor activity and chaperone-like activity of 14-3-3 proteins might play a substantial role in the above-mentioned conditions. Interestingly, 14-3-3 proteins are considered to be standing at the crossroads of cancer, aging, and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. There are great possibilities to improve the above-mentioned diseases and conditions through intervention in the activity of the 14-3-3 protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lang Cui
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Zeng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenhao Song
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Uma Gaur
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
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4
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Deng Y, Zheng J, Ma J. The clinical and prognostic significance of YWHAZ in non‐small–cell lung cancer patients: Immunohistochemical analysis. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:6290-6298. [PMID: 30378158 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Sheyang County People’s Hospital Yancheng China
| | - Jianyun Zheng
- Department of Pathology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, General Medicine School of Xi’an Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Jiangang Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang China
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5
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WITHDRAWN: Gene expression alterations in Imatinib resistant K562 chronic myeloid leukemia cell-line. GENE REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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6
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Padiadpu J, Mishra M, Sharma E, Mala U, Somasundaram K, Chandra N. Probing the Druggability Limits for Enzymes of the NAD Biosynthetic Network in Glioma. J Chem Inf Model 2016; 56:843-53. [PMID: 26958865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of NAD constitutes an important metabolic module in the cell, since NAD is an essential cofactor involved in several metabolic reactions. NAD concentrations are known to be significantly increased in several cancers, particularly in glioma, consistent with the observation of up-regulation of several enzymes of the network. Modulating NAD biosynthesis in glioma is therefore an attractive therapeutic strategy. Here we report reconstruction of a biochemical network of NAD biosynthesis consisting of 22 proteins, 36 metabolites, and 86 parameters, tuned to mimic the conditions in glioma. Kinetic simulations of the network provide comprehensive insights about the role of individual enzymes. Further, quantitative changes in the same network between different states of health and disease enable identification of drug targets, based on specific alterations in the given disease. Through simulations of enzyme inhibition titrations, we identify NMPRTase as a potential drug target, while eliminating other possible candidates NMNAT, NAPRTase, and NRK. We have also simulated titrations of both binding affinities as well as inhibitor concentrations, which provide insights into the druggability limits of the target, a novel aspect that can provide useful guidelines for designing inhibitors with optimal affinities. Our simulations suggest that an inhibitor affinity of 10 nM used in a concentration range of 0.1 to 10 μM achieves a near maximal inhibition response for NMPRTase and that increasing the affinity any further is not likely to have a significant advantage. Thus, the quantitative appreciation defines a maximal extent of inhibition possible for a chosen enzyme in the context of its network. Knowledge of this type enables an upper affinity threshold to be defined as a goal in lead screening and refinement stages in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothi Padiadpu
- Department of Biochemistry, IISc, Bangalore 560012, India.,Supercomputer Education and Research Centre, IISc, Bangalore 560012, India
| | | | - Eshita Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, IISc, Bangalore 560012, India.,Oxford Genomics Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford , Oxford OX37BN, United Kingdom
| | - Uchurappa Mala
- Department of Microbiology, IISc, Bangalore 560012, India
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7
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Sen K, Sarkar A, Maji RK, Ghosh Z, Gupta S, Ghosh TC. Deciphering the cross-talking of human competitive endogenous RNAs in K562 chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:3633-3642. [DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00568c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by increased proliferation or abnormal accumulation of the granulocytic cell line without the depletion of their capacity to differentiate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalika Sen
- Bioinformatics Centre
- Bose Institute
- Kolkata-700 054
- India
| | | | | | - Zhumur Ghosh
- Bioinformatics Centre
- Bose Institute
- Kolkata-700 054
- India
| | - Sanjib Gupta
- Bioinformatics Centre
- Bose Institute
- Kolkata-700 054
- India
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8
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Sun L, Zhou H, Liu H, Ge Y, Zhang X, Ma W, Wu D, Zhao Y. GAS2-Calpain2 axis contributes to the growth of leukemic cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015; 47:795-804. [PMID: 26358320 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth arrest specific 2 (GAS2) modulates cell cycle, apoptosis, and Calpain activity. GAS2-Calpain2 axis is required for the growth of BCR-ABL(+) hematopoietic cells and chronic myeloid leukemia cells. However, the expression of GAS2 in acute leukemia patients remains unclear and what role GAS2-Calpain2 axis plays in these leukemic cells is not known yet. In this study, GAS2 was found to have significantly higher expression in 16 various leukemic cell lines than in control cells. Using THP-1 cells (from acute myeloid leukemia patient, AML) and Jurkat cells (from acute lymphoid leukemia patient, ALL) as models, we found that GAS2 silence led to elevated Calpain activity, decreased cellular growth, and inhibition of colony-forming cell (CFC) production; and these effects could be rescued by GAS2 re-expression. Moreover, GAS2 silence prevented tumor formation of THP-1 cells in nude mice. In both THP-1 and Jurkat cells, GAS2 interacted with Calpain2 rather than Calpain1. The dominant negative form of GAS2 (GAS2DN, GAS2Δ171-313) had similar effects on leukemic cells through the activation of Calpain. Importantly, Calpain2 silence abolished the proliferation inhibition induced by GAS2 targeting. We also found that GAS2 was aberrantly expressed and Calpain activity was decreased in clinical isolates from acute leukemia patients. Taken together, our results demonstrated the deregulation of GAS2 in both AML and ALL and the requirement of GAS2-Calpain2 axis for the growth of leukemic cells, which will help to understand the molecular pathogenesis of hematological malignancies and possibly to develop novel approaches to treat these deadly diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Sun
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Haixia Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yue Ge
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiuyan Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Depei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou 215006, China Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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9
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Zhu R, Mok MTS, Kang W, Lau SSK, Yip WK, Chen Y, Lai PBS, Wong VWS, To KF, Sung JJY, Cheng ASL, Chan HLY. Truncated HBx-dependent silencing of GAS2 promotes hepatocarcinogenesis through deregulation of cell cycle, senescence and p53-mediated apoptosis. J Pathol 2015; 237:38-49. [PMID: 25925944 DOI: 10.1002/path.4554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a worldwide threat to public health, especially in China, where chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is found in 80-90% of all HCCs. The HBV-encoded X antigen (HBx) is a trans-regulatory protein involved in virus-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Although the carboxyl-terminus-truncated HBx, rather than the full-length counterpart, is frequently overexpressed in human HCCs, its functional mechanisms are not fully defined. We investigated the molecular function of a naturally occurring HBx variant which has 35 amino acids deleted at the C-terminus (HBxΔ35). Genome-wide scanning analysis and PCR validation identified growth arrest-specific 2 (GAS2) as a direct target of HBxΔ35 at transcriptional level in human immortalized liver cells. HBxΔ35 was found to bind the promoter region of GAS2 and attenuate its expression to promote hepatocellular proliferation and tumourigenicity. Further functional assays demonstrated that GAS2 induces p53-dependent apoptosis and senescence to counteract HBxΔ35-mediated tumourigenesis. Notably, GAS2 expression was significantly down-regulated in HCCs compared with the corresponding normal tissues. In conclusion, our integrated study uncovered a novel viral mechanism in hepatocarcinogenesis, wherein HBxΔ35 deregulates cell growth via direct silencing of GAS2 and thereby provides a survival advantage for pre-neoplastic hepatocytes to facilitate cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranxu Zhu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Myth T S Mok
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Suki S K Lau
- Institute of Digestive Disease and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Wing-Kit Yip
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yangchao Chen
- Institute of Digestive Disease and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Paul B S Lai
- Institute of Digestive Disease and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Vincent W S Wong
- Institute of Digestive Disease and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ka-Fai To
- Institute of Digestive Disease and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Joseph J Y Sung
- Institute of Digestive Disease and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Alfred S L Cheng
- Institute of Digestive Disease and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Henry L Y Chan
- Institute of Digestive Disease and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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10
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Braig M, Pällmann N, Preukschas M, Steinemann D, Hofmann W, Gompf A, Streichert T, Braunschweig T, Copland M, Rudolph KL, Bokemeyer C, Koschmieder S, Schuppert A, Balabanov S, Brümmendorf TH. A 'telomere-associated secretory phenotype' cooperates with BCR-ABL to drive malignant proliferation of leukemic cells. Leukemia 2014; 28:2028-39. [PMID: 24603533 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Telomere biology is frequently associated with disease evolution in human cancer and dysfunctional telomeres have been demonstrated to contribute to genetic instability. In BCR-ABL(+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), accelerated telomere shortening has been shown to correlate with leukemia progression, risk score and response to treatment. Here, we demonstrate that proliferation of murine CML-like bone marrow cells strongly depends on telomere maintenance. CML-like cells of telomerase knockout mice with critically short telomeres (CML-iG4) are growth retarded and proliferation is terminally stalled by a robust senescent cell cycle arrest. In sharp contrast, CML-like cells with pre-shortened, but not critically short telomere lengths (CML-G2) grew most rapidly and were found to express a specific 'telomere-associated secretory phenotype', comprising secretion of chemokines, interleukins and other growth factors, thereby potentiating oncogene-driven growth. Moreover, conditioned supernatant of CML-G2 cells markedly enhanced proliferation of CML-WT and pre-senescent CML-iG4 cells. Strikingly, a similar inflammatory mRNA expression pattern was found with disease progression from chronic phase to accelerated phase in CML patients. These findings demonstrate that telomere-induced senescence needs to be bypassed by leukemic cells in order to progress to blast crisis and provide a novel mechanism by which telomere shortening may contribute to disease evolution in CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Braig
- 1] Department of Oncology/Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section of Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumor-Zentrum, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany [2] Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - N Pällmann
- Department of Oncology/Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section of Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumor-Zentrum, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Preukschas
- Department of Oncology/Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section of Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumor-Zentrum, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - D Steinemann
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - W Hofmann
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Gompf
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Max-Planck-Research Group on Stem Cell Aging, Ulm, Germany
| | - T Streichert
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - T Braunschweig
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - M Copland
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - K L Rudolph
- Leibniz Institute of Age Research - Fritz-Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - C Bokemeyer
- Department of Oncology/Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section of Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumor-Zentrum, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Koschmieder
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Schuppert
- Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering Science (AICES), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - S Balabanov
- 1] Department of Oncology/Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section of Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumor-Zentrum, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany [2] Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - T H Brümmendorf
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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11
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Zhou H, Ge Y, Sun L, Ma W, Wu J, Zhang X, Hu X, Eaves CJ, Wu D, Zhao Y. Growth arrest specific 2 is up-regulated in chronic myeloid leukemia cells and required for their growth. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86195. [PMID: 24465953 PMCID: PMC3897655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the generation of BCR-ABL is the molecular hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the comprehensive molecular mechanisms of the disease remain unclear yet. Growth arrest specific 2 (GAS2) regulates multiple cellular functions including cell cycle, apoptosis and calpain activities. In the present study, we found GAS2 was up-regulated in CML cells including CD34+ progenitor cells compared to their normal counterparts. We utilized RNAi and the expression of dominant negative form of GAS2 (GAS2DN) to target GAS2, which resulted in calpain activity enhancement and growth inhibition of both K562 and MEG-01 cells. Targeting GAS2 also sensitized K562 cells to Imatinib mesylate (IM). GAS2DN suppressed the tumorigenic ability of MEG-01 cells and impaired the tumour growth as well. Moreover, the CD34+ cells from CML patients and healthy donors were transduced with control and GAS2DN lentiviral vectors, and the CD34+ transduced (YFP+) progeny cells (CD34+YFP+) were plated for colony-forming cell (CFC) assay. The results showed that GAS2DN inhibited the CFC production of CML cells by 57±3% (n = 3), while affected those of normal hematopoietic cells by 31±1% (n = 2). Next, we found the inhibition of CML cells by GAS2DN was dependent on calpain activity but not the degradation of beta-catenin. Lastly, we generated microarray data to identify the differentially expressed genes upon GAS2DN and validated that the expression of HNRPDL, PTK7 and UCHL5 was suppressed by GAS2DN. These 3 genes were up-regulated in CML cells compared to normal control cells and the growth of K562 cells was inhibited upon HNRPDL silence. Taken together, we have demonstrated that GAS2 is up-regulated in CML cells and the inhibition of GAS2 impairs the growth of CML cells, which indicates GAS2 is a novel regulator of CML cells and a potential therapeutic target of this disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calpain/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Transcriptome/genetics
- Transduction, Genetic
- Tumor Stem Cell Assay
- Up-Regulation
- beta Catenin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Yue Ge
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Lili Sun
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiuyan Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Connie J. Eaves
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Depei Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (DW); (YZ)
| | - Yun Zhao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (DW); (YZ)
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12
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Leo E, Mancini M, Aluigi M, Luatti S, Castagnetti F, Testoni N, Soverini S, Santucci MA, Martinelli G. BCR-ABL1-associated reduction of beta catenin antagonist Chibby1 in chronic myeloid leukemia. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81425. [PMID: 24339928 PMCID: PMC3858264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta Catenin signaling is critical for the self-renewal of leukemic stem cells in chronic myeloid leukemia. It is driven by multiple events, enhancing beta catenin stability and promoting its transcriptional co-activating function. We investigated the impact of BCR-ABL1 on Chibby1, a beta catenin antagonist involved in cell differentiation and transformation. Relative proximity of the Chibby1 encoding gene (C22orf2) on chromosome 22q12 to the BCR breakpoint (22q11) lets assume its involvement in beta catenin activation in chronic myeloid leukemia as a consequence of deletions of distal BCR sequences encompassing one C22orf2 allele. Forty patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase were analyzed for C22orf2 relocation and Chibby1 expression. Fluorescent in situ hybridization analyses established that the entire C22orf2 follows BCR regardless of chromosomes involved in the translocation. In differentiated hematopoietic progenitors (bone marrow mononuclear cell fractions) of 30/40 patients, the expression of Chibby1 protein was reduced below 50% of the reference value (peripheral blood mononuclear cell fractions of healthy persons). In such cell context, Chibby1 protein reduction is not dependent on C22orf2 transcriptional downmodulation; however, it is strictly dependent upon BCR-ABL1 expression because it was not observed at the moment of major molecular response under tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Moreover, it was not correlated with the disease prognosis or response to therapy. Most importantly, a remarkable Chibby1 reduction was apparent in a putative BCR-ABL1+ leukemic stem cell compartment identified by a CD34+ phenotype compared to more differentiated hematopoietic progenitors. In CD34+ cells, Chibby1 reduction arises from transcriptional events and is driven by C22orf2 promoter hypermethylation. These results advance low Chibby1 expression associated with BCR-ABL1 as a component of beta catenin signaling in leukemic stem cells.
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MESH Headings
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
- Antigens, CD34/metabolism
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- Down-Regulation
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Models, Molecular
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Nucleic Acid Conformation
- Signal Transduction
- Transcriptional Activation
- beta Catenin/antagonists & inhibitors
- beta Catenin/genetics
- beta Catenin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Leo
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Manuela Mancini
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Aluigi
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Luatti
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fausto Castagnetti
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Testoni
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Soverini
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Alessandra Santucci
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Istituto di Ematologia “Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli”, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale - DIMES, University of Bologna - Medical School, Bologna, Italy
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13
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Pirnes-Karhu S, Mäntymaa P, Sironen R, Mäkinen PI, Wojciechowski S, Juutinen S, Koistinaho J, Hörkkö S, Jantunen E, Alhonen L, Uimari A. Enhanced polyamine catabolism disturbs hematopoietic lineage commitment and leads to a myeloproliferative disease in mice overexpressing spermidine/spermine N¹-acetyltransferase. Amino Acids 2013; 46:689-700. [PMID: 23836421 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1546-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Spermidine/spermine N(1)-acetyltransferase (SSAT) regulates intracellular polyamine levels by catabolizing spermidine and spermine which are essential for cell proliferation and differentiation. Hematological characterization of SSAT overexpressing mice (SSAT mice) revealed enhanced myelopoiesis and thrombocytopoiesis leading to increased amounts of myeloid cells in bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen compared to wild-type animals. The level of SSAT activity in the bone marrow cells was associated with the bone marrow cellularity and spleen weight which both were significantly increased in SSAT mice. The result of bone marrow transplantations indicated that both the intrinsic SSAT overexpression of bone marrow cells and bone marrow microenvironment had an impact on the observed hematopoietic phenotype. The Lineage-negative Sca-1(+) c-Kit(+) hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment in SSAT mice, showed enhanced proliferation, increased proportion of long-term HSCs and affected expression of transcription factors associated with lineage priming and myeloid differentiation. The proportions of common myeloid and megakaryocytic/erythroid progenitors were decreased and the proportion of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors was increased in SSAT bone marrow. The data suggest that SSAT overexpression and the concomitantly accelerated polyamine metabolism in hematopoietic cells and bone marrow microenvironment affect lineage commitment and lead to the development of a mouse myeloproliferative disease in SSAT mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini Pirnes-Karhu
- Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
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14
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Samaiya M, Bakhshi S, Shukla AA, Kumar L, Chauhan SS. Epigenetic regulation of cathepsin L expression in chronic myeloid leukaemia. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 15:2189-99. [PMID: 21496199 PMCID: PMC4394228 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01203.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression and significance of cathepsin L (CTSL) has been extensively studied in solid tumours. However no such information in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) was available. We investigated the activity and expression of this protease in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 47 adult CML patients. Thirty adults suffering from systemic diseases and 50 healthy volunteers served as controls. The mRNA levels of CTSL, its specific endogenous inhibitor cystatin C and transcriptional up-regulator vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were quantitated by real-time qPCR. CTSL protease activity and its mRNA expression were significantly higher in CML chronic phase (CP) patients compared to CML accelerated phase/blast crisis (AP/BC) patients and controls (P≤ 0.001). VEGF whose expression was most pronounced in CP and declined (P≤ 0.001) in the advanced phases of the malignancy exhibited a strong positive correlation with CTSL expression (r= 0.97; P≤ 0.001). Cystatin C expression was significantly lower (P≤ 0.001) in CML and displayed inverse correlation with CTSL (r=−0.713; P≤ 0.001) activity. CTSL promoter was significantly hypomethylated in CML CP compared to CML AP/BC patients as well as controls. K562, a BC CML cell line displayed CTSL activity, expression and methylation status of CTSL promoter that was comparable to CML AP/BC patients. Treatment of these cells or PBMCs isolated from CML AP/BC patients with 5′-aza-cytidine resulted in a dramatic increase in CSTL activity and/or expression thereby demonstrating the role of promoter methylation in the stage specific expression of CTSL in CML. Differential expression of CTSL in CML at various stages of malignancy may prove useful in identification of the high-risk patients thereby facilitating better management of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misti Samaiya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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15
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Neal CL, Yu D. 14-3-3ζ as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2011; 14:1343-54. [PMID: 21058923 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2010.531011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD The ubiquitously expressed 14-3-3ζ protein is involved in numerous important cellular pathways involved in cancer. Recent research suggests 14-3-3ζ may play a central role regulating multiple pathways responsible for cancer initiation and progression. This review will provide an overview of 14-3-3 proteins and address the role of 14-3-3ζ overexpression in cancer. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW The review covers the basic role of 14-3-3 in regulation of multiple pathways with a focus on 14-3-3ζ as a clinically relevant biomarker for cancer recurrence. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN 14-3-3ζ overexpression has been found in multiple cancers; however, the clinical implications were unclear. Recently, 14-3-3ζ has been identified as a biomarker for poor prognosis and chemoresistance in multiple tumor types, indicating a potential clinical application for using 14-3-3ζ in selecting treatment options and predicting cancer patients' outcome. TAKE HOME MESSAGE 14-3-3ζ is a potential prognostic marker of cancer recurrence and predictive marker for therapeutic resistance. The overexpression of 14-3-3ζ in multiple cancers suggests that it may be a common target to intervene tumor progression; therefore, more efforts are needed for the development of 14-3-3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Neal
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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16
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Huang W, Zhou W, Saberwal G, Konieczna I, Horvath E, Katsoulidis E, Platanias LC, Eklund EA. Interferon consensus sequence binding protein (ICSBP) decreases beta-catenin activity in myeloid cells by repressing GAS2 transcription. Mol Cell Biol 2010; 30:4575-94. [PMID: 20679491 PMCID: PMC2950519 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01595-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2009] [Revised: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The interferon consensus sequence binding protein (ICSBP) is an interferon regulatory transcription factor, also referred to as IRF8. ICSBP acts as a suppressor of myeloid leukemia, although few target genes explaining this effect have been identified. In the current studies, we identified the gene encoding growth arrest specific 2 (GAS2) as an ICSBP target gene relevant to leukemia suppression. We find that ICSBP, Tel, and histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) bind to a cis element in the GAS2 promoter and repress transcription in myeloid progenitor cells. Gas2 inhibits calpain protease activity, and beta-catenin is a calpain substrate in these cells. Consistent with this, ICSBP decreases beta-catenin protein and activity in a Gas2- and calpain-dependent manner. Conversely, decreased ICSBP expression increases beta-catenin protein and activity by the same mechanism. This is of interest, because decreased ICSBP expression and increased beta-catenin activity are associated with poor prognosis and blast crisis in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We find that the expression of Bcr/abl (the CML oncoprotein) increases Gas2 expression in an ICSBP-dependent manner. This results in decreased calpain activity and a consequent increase in beta-catenin activity in Bcr/abl-positive (Bcr/abl(+)) cells. Therefore, these studies have identified a Gas2/calpain-dependent mechanism by which ICSBP influences beta-catenin activity in myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Huang
- Feinberg School of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, Jesse Brown Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Wei Zhou
- Feinberg School of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, Jesse Brown Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gurveen Saberwal
- Feinberg School of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, Jesse Brown Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Iwona Konieczna
- Feinberg School of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, Jesse Brown Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elizabeth Horvath
- Feinberg School of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, Jesse Brown Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Efstratios Katsoulidis
- Feinberg School of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, Jesse Brown Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Leonidas C. Platanias
- Feinberg School of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, Jesse Brown Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elizabeth A. Eklund
- Feinberg School of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, Jesse Brown Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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17
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Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has long served as a paradigm for generating new insights into the cellular origin, pathogenesis and improved approaches to treating many types of human cancer. Early studies of the cellular phenotypes and genotypes represented in leukemic populations obtained from CML patients established the concept of an evolving clonal disorder originating in and initially sustained by a rare, multipotent, self-maintaining hematopoietic stem cell (HSC). More recent investigations continue to support this model, while also revealing new insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms that explain how knowledge of CML stem cells and their early differentiating progeny can predict the differing and variable features of chronic phase and blast crisis. In particular, these emphasize the need for new agents that effectively and specifically target CML stem cells to produce non-toxic, but curative therapies that do not require lifelong treatments.
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18
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Tedeschi FA, Cardozo MA, Valentini R, Zalazar FE. Co-expression of HoxA9 and bcr-abl genes in chronic myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2010; 51:892-6. [PMID: 20141430 DOI: 10.3109/10428190903586326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We have analyzed the co-expression of the bcr-abl and HoxA9 genes in the follow-up of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). In the present work we measured the HoxA9 and bcr-abl gene expression in sequential samples. In all patients, bcr-abl and HoxA9 were expressed at detectable levels in every sample. When the results were expressed in relation to abl, two different situations were found: (a) patients clinically stable at second sampling, with low relative risk at diagnosis (low Sokal's score), did not show significant differences in both bcr-abl and HoxA9 levels in the sequential samples analyzed, and (b) patients with poor prognosis (showing intermediate or high Sokal's score at diagnosis) had increased expression of bcr-abl as well as HoxA9 genes (p < 0.05). Since HoxA9 gene expression remains at relatively constant levels throughout adult life, our results could reflect actual changes in the expression rate of this gene associated with bcr-abl during the progression of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabián A Tedeschi
- Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Hospital Dr. J. M. Cullen, Avenida Freyre 2150 (S3000EOZ), Santa Fe, Argentina.
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19
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Wang C, Jiang W, Li W, Lian B, Chen X, Hua L, Lin H, Li D, Li X, Liu Z. Topological properties of the drug targets regulated by microRNA in human protein–protein interaction network. J Drug Target 2010; 19:354-64. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2010.504261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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20
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A gene expression signature of CD34+ cells to predict major cytogenetic response in chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with imatinib. Blood 2009; 115:315-25. [PMID: 19837975 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-03-210732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients, the lack of a major cytogenetic response (< 36% Ph(+) metaphases) to imatinib within 12 months indicates failure and mandates a change of therapy. To identify biomarkers predictive of imatinib failure, we performed gene expression array profiling of CD34(+) cells from 2 independent cohorts of imatinib-naive chronic-phase CML patients. The learning set consisted of retrospectively selected patients with a complete cytogenetic response or more than 65% Ph(+) metaphases within 12 months of imatinib therapy. Based on analysis of variance P less than .1 and fold difference 1.5 or more, we identified 885 probe sets with differential expression between responders and nonresponders, from which we extracted a 75-probe set minimal signature (classifier) that separated the 2 groups. On application to a prospectively accrued validation set, the classifier correctly predicted 88% of responders and 83% of nonresponders. Bioinformatics analysis and comparison with published studies revealed overlap of classifier genes with CML progression signatures and implicated beta-catenin in their regulation, suggesting that chronic-phase CML patients destined to fail imatinib have more advanced disease than evident by morphologic criteria. Our classifier may allow directing more aggressive therapy upfront to the patients most likely to benefit while sparing good-risk patients from unnecessary toxicity.
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21
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22
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Volpe G, Panuzzo C, Ulisciani S, Cilloni D. Imatinib resistance in CML. Cancer Lett 2009; 274:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2008] [Revised: 03/20/2008] [Accepted: 06/02/2008] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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23
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Abstract
The discovery of the BCR-ABL fusion gene on the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome in 1985 was the start of a new era in understanding the molecular basis of hematologic malignancies. It provided the rationale for producing first imatinib and then a series of small molecules designed to inhibit the tyrosine kinase activity of the Bcr-Abl oncoprotein, all of which can induce complete cytogenetic remissions in the majority of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in the chronic phase. However, we still do not know for sure whether the BCR-ABL fusion gene is really the initiating lesion for the chronic phase of CML and we have an incomplete understanding of the so-called genomic instability that underlies the production of the fusion gene and predisposes the Ph-positive clone to acquire further genetic events that lead to advanced-phase disease. Moreover, it is clear that though some of the mutant Ph-positive subclones that develop in patients taking tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the direct cause of the resistance observed, in other cases, its cause is unclear. It is likely that in the next few years we will see (1) improved methods for predicting responses to TKIs, (2) the use of TKIs in combination with other effective molecules such as farnesyl transferase inhibitors, and (3) a gradual reduction in the proportion of chronic-phase patients resistant to therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Benzamides
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/antagonists & inhibitors
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Genes, abl/genetics
- Genomic Instability/drug effects
- Genomic Instability/genetics
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Mutation
- Philadelphia Chromosome
- Piperazines/therapeutic use
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Goldman
- Department of Haematology, Imperial College at Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
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24
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José-Enériz ES, Román-Gómez J, Cordeu L, Ballestar E, Gárate L, Andreu EJ, Isidro I, Guruceaga E, Jiménez-Velasco A, Heiniger A, Torres A, Calasanz MJ, Esteller M, Gutiérrez NC, Rubio A, Pérez-Roger I, Agirre X, Prósper F. BCR-ABL1-induced expression of HSPA8 promotes cell survival in chronic myeloid leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2008; 142:571-82. [PMID: 18537972 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07221.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine new signal transduction pathways implicated in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), we performed a gene expression profile comparison between CD34+ cells from CML patients and healthy donors. Functional studies were performed using the Mo7e and Mo7e-p210 cell lines. Expression of CCND1 (Cyclin D1), as well as the chaperone HSPA8, which is important for regulation of CCND1, were significantly upregulated in CD34+ CML cells. Upregulation of HSPA8 was dependent, at least in part, on STAT5 (signal transducer and activator of transcrition 5)-dependent transcriptional activation, as demonstrated by chromatin immunoprecipitation. The presence of HSPA8 in the nuclear protein fraction as well as its binding to CCND1 suggests that it may contribute to stabilization of the CCND1/CDK4 complex, which, in turn, may participate in proliferation of CML cells. Treatment of CML cells with the specific HSPA8 inhibitor 15-deoxyspergualin induced inhibition of CML cell viability but did not induce apoptosis. In conclusion, our studies suggest that STAT5-mediated activation of HSPA8 induces nuclear translocation and activation of the CCND1/CDK4 complex leading to increased proliferation of CML cells, deciphering a new pathway implicated in CML and supporting a potential role of chaperone inhibitors in the treatment of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edurne San José-Enériz
- Foundation for Applied Medical Research, Division of Cancer, Area of Cell Therapy and Haematology Service, Clínica Universitaria, Universidad de Navarra, Spain
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25
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Current Awareness in Hematological Oncology. Hematol Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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