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Sparling BA, Ng TT, Carlo-Allende A, McCarthy FM, Taylor RL, Drechsler Y. Immunoglobulin-like receptors in chickens: identification, functional characterization, and renaming to cluster homolog of immunoglobulin-like receptors. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103292. [PMID: 38100950 PMCID: PMC10764270 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The cluster homolog of immunoglobulin-like receptors (CHIRs), previously known as the "chicken homolog of immunogloublin-like receptors," represents is a large group of transmembrane glycoproteins that direct the immune response. However, the full repertoire of putatively activating, inhibitory, or dual function CHIRA, CHIRB, and CHIRAB on chickens' immune responses is poorly understood. Herein, the study objective was to determine the genes encoding CHIR proteins and predict their function by searching canonical protein structure. A bioinformatics pipeline based on previous work was employed to search for the CHIRs from the newly updated broiler and layer genomes. The categorization into CHIRA, CHIRB, and CHIRAB types was assigned through motif searches, multiple sequence alignment, and phylogeny. In total, 150 protein-encoding genes on Chromosome 31 were identified as CHIRs. Gene members of each functional group (CHIRA, CHIRB, CHIRAB) were classified in accordance with previously recognized proteins. The genes were renamed to "cluster homolog of immunoglobulin-like receptors" (CHIRs) to allow for the naming of orthologous genes in other avian species. Additionally, expression analysis of the classified CHIRs across various reinforces their importance as immune regulators and activation in inflammatory tissues. Furthermore, over 1,000 diverse and rare CHIRs variants associated with differential Marek's disease response (P < 0.05) emphasize the impact of CHIRs on shaping avian immune responses in diverse contexts. The practical applications of these findings encompass advancing immunology, improving poultry health management, optimizing breeding programs for disease resistance, and enhancing overall animal health through a deeper understanding of the roles and functions of CHIRA, CHIRB, and CHIRAB types in avian immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandi A Sparling
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Theros T Ng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Anaid Carlo-Allende
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Fiona M McCarthy
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Robert L Taylor
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Yvonne Drechsler
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
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2
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Hiratsuka T, Ito S, Sakai R, Yokose T, Endo T, Daigo Y, Miyagi Y, Tsuruyama T. Proteome analysis of CD5-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma FFPE tissue reveals downregulation of DDX3X, DNAJB1, and B cell receptor signaling pathway proteins including BTK and Immunoglobulins. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:36. [PMID: 37705009 PMCID: PMC10498596 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09422-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular pathology of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has been extensively studied. Among DLBCL subtypes, the prognosis of CD5-positive DLBCL is worse than that of CD5-negative DLBCL, considering the central nervous system relapse and poor response to R-CHOP therapy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the tumorigenesis and progression of CD5-positive DLBCL remain unknown. METHODS To identify molecular markers that can be targeted for treating DLBCL, a proteomic study was performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with chemically pretreated formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens from CD5-positive (n = 5) and CD5-negative DLBCL patients (n = 6). RESULTS Twenty-one proteins showed significant downregulation in CD5-positive DLBCL compared to CD5-negative DLBCL. Principal component analysis of protein expression profiling in CD5-positive and CD5-negative DLBCL revealed that DNAJB1, DDX3X, and BTK, which is one of the B cell phenotypic proteins, were the most significantly downregulated proteins and served as biomarkers that distinguished both groups. Additionally, a set of immunoglobulins, including IgG4, exhibited significant downregulation. Immunohistochemistry analysis for BTK demonstrated reduced staining in CD5-positive DLBCL compared to CD5-negative DLBCL. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, DNAJB1 and DDX3X, BTK, and a set of immunoglobulins are promising biomarkers. Probably, the suppression of BCR signaling is the unique phenotype of CD5-positive DLBCL. This formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE)-based profiling may help to develop novel therapeutic molecularly targeted drugs for treating DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Hiratsuka
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Pathology Division, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Shinji Ito
- Medical Research Support Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rika Sakai
- Department of Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yokose
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Endo
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yataro Daigo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, and Center for Advanced Medicine Against Cancer, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
- Center for Antibody and Vaccine Therapy, Research Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Miyagi
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Tsuruyama
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Pathology Division, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
- Tazuke-Kofukai Medical Institute Kitano Hospital, Ogimachi, Osaka, Japan.
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3
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Yang M, Niu X, Yang X, Sun Y, Su W, Zhang J, Wu Q, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Ji H. Identification and validation of hub genes in CD5-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1469-1478. [PMID: 36847415 PMCID: PMC10666729 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231151987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CD5+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), as a significant heterogeneity category of DLBCL, is reflected in both the molecular biological and genetic levels, which in turn induces ever-changing clinical manifestations, and what mediates tumor survival mechanisms are still unclear. This study aimed to predict the potential hub genes in CD5+ DLBCL. A total of 622 patients with DLBCL diagnosed between 2005 and 2019 were included. High expression of CD5 was correlated with IPI, LDH, and Ann Arbor stage, patients with CD5-DLBCL have longer overall survival. We identified 976 DEGs between CD5-negative and positive DLBCL patients in the GEO database and performed GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. After intersecting the genes obtained through the Cytohubba and MCODE, further external verification was performed in the TCGA database. Three hub genes were screened: VSTM2B, GRIA3, and CCND2, of which CCND2 were mainly involved in cell cycle regulation and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Analysis of clinical samples showed that the expression of CCND2 was found to be correlated with CD5 (p = 0.001), and patients with overexpression of CCND2 in CD5+ DLBCL had poor prognosis (p = 0.0455). Cox risk regression analysis showed that, for DLBCL, CD5, and CCND2 double positive was an independent poor prognostic factor (HR: 2.545; 95% CI: 1.072-6.043; p = 0.034). These findings demonstrate that CD5 and CCND2 double-positive tumors should be stratified into specific subgroups of DLBCL with poor prognosis. CD5 may regulate CCND2 through JAK-STAT signaling pathways, mediating tumor survival. This study provides independent adverse prognostic factors for risk assessment and treatment strategies for newly diagnosed DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xingjian Niu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xudong Yang
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yutian Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenjia Su
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qianjiang Wu
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongfei Ji
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
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4
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Sankar J, Arora S, Joshi G, Kumar R. Pore-forming proteins and their role in cancer and inflammation: Mechanistic insights and plausible druggable targets. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 366:110127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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5
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Enterina JR, Sarkar S, Streith L, Jung J, Arlian BM, Meyer SJ, Takematsu H, Xiao C, Baldwin TA, Nitschke L, Shlomchick MJ, Paulson JC, Macauley MS. Coordinated changes in glycosylation regulate the germinal center through CD22. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110512. [PMID: 35294874 PMCID: PMC9018098 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Germinal centers (GCs) are essential for antibody affinity maturation. GC B cells have a unique repertoire of cell surface glycans compared with naive B cells, yet functional roles for changes in glycosylation in the GC have yet to be ascribed. Detection of GCs by the antibody GL7 reflects a downregulation in ligands for CD22, an inhibitory co-receptor of the B cell receptor. To test a functional role for downregulation of CD22 ligands in the GC, we generate a mouse model that maintains CD22 ligands on GC B cells. With this model, we demonstrate that glycan remodeling plays a critical role in the maintenance of B cells in the GC. Sustained expression of CD22 ligands induces higher levels of apoptosis in GC B cells, reduces memory B cell and plasma cell output, and delays affinity maturation of antibodies. These defects are CD22 dependent, demonstrating that downregulation of CD22 ligands on B cells plays a critical function in the GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhon R Enterina
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Susmita Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Laura Streith
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Jaesoo Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Britni M Arlian
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sarah J Meyer
- Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hiromu Takematsu
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Changchun Xiao
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Troy A Baldwin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Lars Nitschke
- Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mark J Shlomchick
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - James C Paulson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada.
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6
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Getahun A. Role of inhibitory signaling in peripheral B cell tolerance*. Immunol Rev 2022; 307:27-42. [PMID: 35128676 PMCID: PMC8986582 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
At least 20% of B cells in the periphery expresses an antigen receptor with a degree of self-reactivity. If activated, these autoreactive B cells pose a risk as they can contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases. To prevent their activation, both B cell-intrinsic and extrinsic tolerance mechanisms are in place in healthy individuals. In this review article, I will focus on B cell-intrinsic mechanisms that prevent the activation of autoreactive B cells in the periphery. I will discuss how inhibitory signaling circuits are established in autoreactive B cells, focusing on the Lyn-SHIP-1-SHP-1 axis, how they contribute to peripheral immune tolerance, and how disruptions of these circuits can contribute to the development of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Getahun
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology University of Colorado SOM Aurora Colorado USA
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine National Jewish Health Denver Colorado USA
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7
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Silva RCMC, Panis C, Pires BRB. Lessons from transmissible cancers for immunotherapy and transplant. Immunol Med 2021; 45:146-161. [PMID: 34962854 DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2021.2018783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of horizontal transmission of cancer between vertebrates is an issue that interests scientists and medical society. Transmission requires: (i) a mechanism by which cancer cells can transfer to another organism and (ii) a repressed immune response on the part of the recipient. Transmissible tumors are unique models to comprehend the responses and mechanisms mediated by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), which can be transposed for transplant biology. Here, we discuss the mechanisms involved in immune-mediated tissue rejection, making a parallel with transmissible cancers. We also discuss cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in cancer immunotherapy and anti-rejection therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Cardoso Maciel Costa Silva
- Laboratory of Immunoreceptors and Signaling, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, UNIOESTE, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
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8
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Tanaka S, Ise W, Baba Y, Kurosaki T. Silencing and activating anergic B cells. Immunol Rev 2021; 307:43-52. [PMID: 34908172 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the existence of central tolerance mechanisms, including clonal deletion and receptor editing to eliminate self-reactive B cells, moderately self-reactive cells still survive in the periphery (about 20% of peripheral B cells). These cells normally exist in a functionally silenced state called anergy; thus, anergy has been thought to contribute to tolerance by active-silencing of potentially dangerous B cells. However, a positive rationale for the existence of these anergic B cells has recently been suggested by discoveries that broadly neutralizing antibodies for HIV and influenza virus possess poly- and/or auto-reactivity. Given the conundrum of generating inherent holes in the immune repertoire, retaining weakly self-reactive BCRs on anergic B cells could allow these antibodies to serve as an effective defense against pathogens, particularly in the case of pathogens that mimic forbidden self-epitopes to evade the host immune system. Thus, anergic B cells should be brought into a silenced or activated state, depending on their contexts. Here, we review recent progress in our understanding of how the anergic B cell state is controlled in B cell-intrinsic and B cell-extrinsic ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Tanaka
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Wataru Ise
- Team of Host Defense, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Baba
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kurosaki
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
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9
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Rowaiye AB, Asala T, Oli AN, Uzochukwu IC, Akpa A, Esimone CO. The Activating Receptors of Natural Killer Cells and Their Inter-Switching Potentials. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 21:1733-1751. [PMID: 32914713 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200910160929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The global incidence of cancer is on the increase and researchers are prospecting for specific and non-selective therapies derived from the immune system. The killer activating receptors of NK cells are known to be involved in immunosurveillance against tumor and virally-infected cells. These receptors belong to two main categories, namely the immunoglobulin like and C-lectin like families. Though they have different signal pathways, all the killer activating receptors have similar effector functions which include direct cytotoxicity and the release of inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. To transduce signals that exceed the activation threshold for cytotoxicity, most of these receptors require synergistic effort. This review profiles 21 receptors: 13 immunoglobulin-like, 5 lectin-like, and 3 others. It critically explores their structural uniqueness, role in disease, respective transduction signal pathways and their status as current and prospective targets for cancer immunotherapy. While the native ligands of most of these receptors are known, much work is required to prospect for specific antibodies, peptides and multi-target small molecules with high binding affinities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Titilayo Asala
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Angus Nnamdi Oli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Agulu, Anambra state, Nigeria
| | - Ikemefuna Chijioke Uzochukwu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Agulu, Anambra state, Nigeria
| | - Alex Akpa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Charles Okechukwu Esimone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Agulu, Anambra state, Nigeria
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10
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Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous entity, and cell surface cluster of differentiation (CD) 5 expression may represent a distinct subset. Here, we provide a narrative review of CD5+ DLBCL to understand its clinical implications. Between 5-10% of DLBCL express CD5, making it an uncommon subset. Studies have variably shown that CD5+ DLBCL may be associated with increased age, high lactate dehydrogenase, B symptoms, extra-nodal sites, higher International Prognostic Index score, and advanced stage. CD5+ DLBCLs are more likely to express Bcl-2, MYC, and MUM1; a large proportion exhibit an activated B-cell (ABC)-like phenotype. The balance of studies generally supports an independent prognostic value of CD5 in DLBCL While more aggressive first-line regimens have been advocated for CD5+ DLBCL, including dose-adjusted R-EPOCH and autologous stem cell transplant, evidence to support these approaches is lacking; further study is warranted to identify the optimal treatment strategy for this disease entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urshila Durani
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Stephen M Ansell
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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11
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Jaufmann J, Franke FC, Sperlich A, Blumendeller C, Kloos I, Schneider B, Sasaki D, Janssen KP, Beer-Hammer S. The emerging and diverse roles of the SLy/SASH1-protein family in health and disease-Overview of three multifunctional proteins. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21470. [PMID: 33710696 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002495r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular adaptor proteins are indispensable for the transduction of receptor-derived signals, as they recruit and connect essential downstream effectors. The SLy/SASH1-adaptor family comprises three highly homologous proteins, all of them sharing conserved structural motifs. The initial characterization of the first member SLy1/SASH3 (SH3 protein expressed in lymphocytes 1) in 2001 was rapidly followed by identification of SLy2/HACS1 (hematopoietic adaptor containing SH3 and SAM domains 1) and SASH1/SLy3 (SAM and SH3 domain containing 1). Based on their pronounced sequence similarity, they were subsequently classified as one family of intracellular scaffold proteins. Despite their obvious homology, the three SLy/SASH1-members fundamentally differ with regard to their expression and function in intracellular signaling. On the contrary, growing evidence clearly demonstrates an important role of all three proteins in human health and disease. In this review, we systematically summarize what is known about the SLy/SASH1-adaptors in the field of molecular cell biology and immunology. To this end, we recapitulate current research about SLy1/SASH3, SLy2/HACS1, and SASH1/SLy3, with an emphasis on their similarities and differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Jaufmann
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomik and ICePhA, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Fabian Christoph Franke
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Sperlich
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carolin Blumendeller
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomik and ICePhA, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Isabel Kloos
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomik and ICePhA, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Schneider
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomik and ICePhA, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Daisuke Sasaki
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Medical SC New Technology Strategy Office, General Research Institute, Nitto Boseki, Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Klaus-Peter Janssen
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Beer-Hammer
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomik and ICePhA, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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12
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Reporter cell assay for human CD33 validated by specific antibodies and human iPSC-derived microglia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13462. [PMID: 34188106 PMCID: PMC8242067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CD33/Sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 3 (SIGLEC3) is an innate immune receptor expressed on myeloid cells and mediates inhibitory signaling via tyrosine phosphatases. Variants of CD33 are associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) suggesting that modulation of CD33 signaling might be beneficial in AD. Hence, there is an urgent need for reliable cellular CD33 reporter systems. Therefore, we generated a CD33 reporter cell line expressing a fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of either human full-length CD33 (CD33M) or the AD-protective variant CD33ΔE2 (D2-CD33/CD33m) linked to TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein (TYROBP/DAP12) to investigate possible ligands and antibodies for modulation of CD33 signaling. Application of the CD33-specific antibodies P67.6 and 1c7/1 to the CD33M-DAP12 reporter cells resulted in increased phosphorylation of the kinase SYK, which is downstream of DAP12. CD33M-DAP12 but not CD33ΔE2-DAP12 expressing reporter cells showed increased intracellular calcium levels upon treatment with CD33 antibody P67.6 and partially for 1c7/1. Furthermore, stimulation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia with the CD33 antibodies P67.6 or 1c7/1 directly counteracted the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2)-induced phosphorylation of SYK and decreased the phagocytic uptake of bacterial particles. Thus, the developed reporter system confirmed CD33 pathway activation by CD33 antibody clones P67.6 and 1c7/1. In addition, data showed that phosphorylation of SYK by TREM2 activation and phagocytosis of bacterial particles can be directly antagonized by CD33 signaling.
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13
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Wißfeld J, Nozaki I, Mathews M, Raschka T, Ebeling C, Hornung V, Brüstle O, Neumann H. Deletion of Alzheimer's disease-associated CD33 results in an inflammatory human microglia phenotype. Glia 2021; 69:1393-1412. [PMID: 33539598 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies demonstrated that polymorphisms in the CD33/sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 3 gene are associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). CD33 is expressed on myeloid immune cells and mediates inhibitory signaling through protein tyrosine phosphatases, but the exact function of CD33 in microglia is still unknown. Here, we analyzed CD33 knockout human THP1 macrophages and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia for immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif pathway activation, cytokine transcription, phagocytosis, and phagocytosis-associated oxidative burst. Transcriptome analysis of the macrophage lines showed that knockout of CD33 as well as knockdown of the CD33 signaling-associated protein tyrosine phosphatase, nonreceptor type 6 (PTPN6) led to constitutive activation of inflammation-related pathways. Moreover, deletion of CD33 or expression of Exon 2-deleted CD33 (CD33ΔE2 /CD33m) led to increased phosphorylation of the kinases spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1 and 2). Transcript analysis by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction confirmed increased levels of interleukin (IL) 1B, IL8, and IL10 after knockout of CD33 in macrophages and microglia. In addition, upregulation of the gene transcripts of the AD-associated phosphatase INPP5D was observed after knockout of CD33. Functional analysis of macrophages and microglia showed that phagocytosis of aggregated amyloid-β1-42 and bacterial particles were increased after knockout of CD33 or CD33ΔE2 expression and knockdown of PTPN6. Furthermore, the phagocytic oxidative burst during uptake of amyloid-β1-42 or bacterial particles was increased after CD33 knockout but not in CD33ΔE2 -expressing microglia. In summary, deletion of CD33 or expression of CD33ΔE2 in human macrophages and microglia resulted in putative beneficial phagocytosis of amyloid β1-42 , but potentially detrimental oxidative burst and inflammation, which was absent in CD33ΔE2 -expressing microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannis Wißfeld
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ichiro Nozaki
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Mona Mathews
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,LIFE & BRAIN GmbH, Cellomics Unit, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tamara Raschka
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Christian Ebeling
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Veit Hornung
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Brüstle
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,LIFE & BRAIN GmbH, Cellomics Unit, Bonn, Germany
| | - Harald Neumann
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Cheng J, Luan J, Chen P, Kuang X, Jiang P, Zhang R, Chen S, Cheng F, Gou X. Immunosuppressive receptor LILRB1 acts as a potential regulator in hepatocellular carcinoma by integrating with SHP1. Cancer Biomark 2021; 28:309-319. [PMID: 32390601 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunosuppressive receptor LILRB1 regulates tumors progression by transducing immune inhibitory signals via intracellular immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs. However, its role in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) remains vague. OBJECTIVE This study is aimed to disclose the association between LILRB1 and HCC. METHODS Immunoblotting and qRT-PCR were employed to evaluate the level of LILRB1 in hepatocarcinoma cells. LILRB1-positive cells in tissue array were measured using immunohistochemistry staining. The relation among LILRB1, SHP1 and SHP2 and survival rates were analyzed using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and Oncomine database. RESULTS LILRB1 was robustly reduced in hepatocarcinoma cells compared to normal cells. Clinically, LILRB1 was significantly higher in 49 of 75 (65%) paired paracarcinoma tissues than that in paired HCC samples. 48 of 75 (64%) HCC subjects in tissue microarray showed low level of LILRB1, compared to 25 of 75 (33%) in paired-adjacent tissues. Oncomine database and GEPIA analysis confirmed that LILRB1 was lower in HCC than normal tissues. Additionally, lowLILRB1 had a significant association with clinicopathological characteristics and Disease Free Survival, but no association with Overall Survival in HCC patients. Mechanismly, positive correlation between LILRB1 and SHP1, but not SHP2 was observed in HCC. CONCLUSIONS LILRB1 possibly plays an antitumor effect in hepatocarcinoma cells by integrating SHP1, providing evidence that LILRB1 might be involved in the pathologic progression of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Cheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Luan
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuefeng Kuang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengtao Jiang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruisan Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fan Cheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xingchun Gou
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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15
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Raad H, Mouawia H, Hassan H, El-Seblani M, Arabi-Derkawi R, Boussetta T, Gougerot-Pocidalo MA, Dang PMC, El-Benna J. The protein kinase A negatively regulates reactive oxygen species production by phosphorylating gp91phox/NOX2 in human neutrophils. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:19-27. [PMID: 32758662 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide anion production by neutrophils is essential for host defense against microbes. Superoxide anion generates other reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are very toxic for microbes and host cells, therefore their excessive production could induce inflammatory reactions and tissue injury. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) elevating agents are considered to be physiological inhibitors of superoxide production by neutrophils but the mechanisms involved in this inhibitory effect are poorly understood. Superoxide is produced by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a complex enzyme composed of two membrane subunits, gp91phox or NOX2 and p22phox, and four cytosolic components p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac2. Except Rac2, these proteins are known to be phosphorylated upon neutrophil stimulation. Here we show that forskolin, an activator of the adenylate cyclase-cAMP-PKA pathway, induced phosphorylation of gp91phox/NOX2 and inhibited fMLF-induced NADPH oxidase activation in human neutrophils. H89, a PKA inhibitor prevented the forskolin-induced phosphorylation of gp91phox and restored NADPH oxidase activation. Furthermore, PKA phosphorylated the recombinant gp91phox/NOX2-cytosolic C-terminal region in vitro only on a few specific peptides containing serine residues, as compared to PKC. Interestingly, phosphorylation of NOX2-Cter by PKA alone did not induce interaction with the cytosolic components p47phox, p67phox and Rac2, however it induced inhibition of PKC-induced interaction. Furthermore, PKA alone did not induce NOX2 electron transfer activity, however it inhibited PKC-induced activation. These results suggest that PKA phosphorylates NOX2 in human neutrophils, a process essential to limit ROS production and inflammation under physiological conditions. Our data identify the cAMP-PKA-NOX2-axis as a critical gatekeeper of neutrophil ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houssam Raad
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur L'Inflammation (CRI), INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Laboratoire D'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, 75018, Paris, France; Medical Care Laboratory, Lebanese University, Faculty of the Public Health IV, Zahle, Lebanon
| | - Hussein Mouawia
- Medical Care Laboratory, Lebanese University, Faculty of the Public Health IV, Zahle, Lebanon
| | - Hamad Hassan
- Medical Care Laboratory, Lebanese University, Faculty of the Public Health IV, Zahle, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed El-Seblani
- Medical Care Laboratory, Lebanese University, Faculty of the Public Health IV, Zahle, Lebanon
| | - Riad Arabi-Derkawi
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur L'Inflammation (CRI), INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Laboratoire D'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Tarek Boussetta
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur L'Inflammation (CRI), INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Laboratoire D'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Anne Gougerot-Pocidalo
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur L'Inflammation (CRI), INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Laboratoire D'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Pham My-Chan Dang
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur L'Inflammation (CRI), INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Laboratoire D'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Jamel El-Benna
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur L'Inflammation (CRI), INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Laboratoire D'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, 75018, Paris, France.
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16
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Xu Y, Sun W, Li F. De Novo CD5+ Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Biology, Mechanism, and Treatment Advances. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2020; 20:e782-e790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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17
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Cheng J, Gao X, Zhang X, Guo H, Chen S, Gou X. Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 1 potentially acts as a diagnostic and prognostic target in certain subtypes of adenocarcinoma. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:109863. [PMID: 32534335 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukocyte immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptor subfamily B member 1 (LILRB1) involves in the occurrence and development of various tumors through transmitting immune inhibitory signals. However, the regulatory mechanism of LILRB1 underlying the disease progression of adenocarcinoma remains vague. This study is aimed to disclose the expression pattern of LILRB1 on adenocarcinoma and its indicative roles on the diagnosis and prognosis of adenocarcinoma patients. METHODS LILRB1 level in microarray was measured using immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Expression analysis of LILRB1 gene were based on the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2.0 (GEPIA2) and Oncomine databases. Survival and correlation analyses were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database (Breastinvasivecarcinoma, TCGA-BRCA). RESULTS The IHC results showed that the number of LILRB1-positive cells were robustly elevated in some common subtypes of adenocarcinoma including thyroid gland papillary carcinoma, gastric mixed adenocarcinoma, colon and rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and invasive ductal breast carcinoma compared to their corresponding para-carcinoma. Although the enhancement of LILRB1 expression was only observed in pancreaticadenocarcinoma (PAAD) by using GEPIA2, its expression presented a significant increase in the above subtypes of adenocarcinoma by analyzing using Oncomine database. Besides, there had a significant positive association between LILRB1 expression status and pathological stages, and a negative association between LILRB1 status and Overall Survival (OS) probability in the above certain subtypes of adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION LILRB1 is abnormally upregulated in certain subtypes of adenocarcinoma. Patients with low LILRB1 possibly portend a good prognosis in adenocarcinoma. These findings imply that LILRB1 may act as a diagnostic and prognostic target in some subtypes of adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Cheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xingchun Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Huifang Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Xingchun Gou
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China.
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18
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Tibaldi E, Federti E, Matte A, Iatcenko I, Wilson AB, Riccardi V, Pagano MA, De Franceschi L. Oxidation Impacts the Intracellular Signaling Machinery in Hematological Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040353. [PMID: 32344529 PMCID: PMC7222375 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic coordination between kinases and phosphatases is crucial for cell homeostasis, in response to different stresses. The functional connection between oxidation and the intracellular signaling machinery still remains to be investigated. In the last decade, several studies have highlighted the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as modulators directly targeting kinases, phosphatases, and downstream modulators, or indirectly acting on cysteine residues on kinases/phosphatases resulting in protein conformational changes with modulation of intracellular signaling pathway(s). Translational studies have revealed the important link between oxidation and signal transduction pathways in hematological disorders. The intricate nature of intracellular signal transduction mechanisms, based on the generation of complex networks of different types of signaling proteins, revealed the novel and important role of phosphatases together with kinases in disease mechanisms. Thus, therapeutic approaches to abnormal signal transduction pathways should consider either inhibition of overactivated/accumulated kinases or homeostatic signaling resetting through the activation of phosphatases. This review discusses the progress in the knowledge of the interplay between oxidation and cell signaling, involving phosphatase/kinase systems in models of globally distributed hematological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tibaldi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (E.T.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Enrica Federti
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (A.M.); (I.I.); (A.B.W.); (V.R.)
| | - Alessandro Matte
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (A.M.); (I.I.); (A.B.W.); (V.R.)
| | - Iana Iatcenko
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (A.M.); (I.I.); (A.B.W.); (V.R.)
| | - Anand B. Wilson
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (A.M.); (I.I.); (A.B.W.); (V.R.)
| | - Veronica Riccardi
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (A.M.); (I.I.); (A.B.W.); (V.R.)
| | - Mario Angelo Pagano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (E.T.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Lucia De Franceschi
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (A.M.); (I.I.); (A.B.W.); (V.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-045-812-4401
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19
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Bian X, Wu S, Yin X, Mu L, Yan F, Kong L, Guo Z, Wu L, Ye J. Lyn is involved in host defense against S. agalactiae infection and BCR signaling in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 96:1-8. [PMID: 30822451 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lyn, a member of Src protein kinase family, plays a crucial role in immune reactions against pathogenic infection. In this study, Lyn from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (OnLyn) was identified and characterized at expression pattern against bacterial infection, and regulation function in BCR signaling. The open reading frame of OnLyn contained 1536 bp of nucleotide sequence encoded a protein of 511 amino acids. The OnLyn protein was highly conversed to other species Lyn, including SH3, SH2 and a catalytic Tyr kinase (TyrKc) domain. Transcriptional expression analysis revealed that OnLyn was detected in all examined tissues and was highly expressed in the head kidney. The up-regulation OnLyn expression was observed in the head kidney and spleen following challenge with Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) in vivo, and was also displayed in head kidney leukocytes challenge with S. agalactiae and LPS in vitro. In addition, after induction with mouse anti-OnIgM mAb in vitro, the OnLyn expression and phosphorylation of OnLyn (Y507) were significantly up-regulated in the head kidney leukocytes. Moreover, after treatment with AZD0530 and mouse anti-OnIgM monoclonal antibody, the down-regulation of cytoplasmic free-Ca2+ concentration was detected in the head kidney leukocytes in vitro. Taken together, the findings of this study revealed that OnLyn might play potential roles in BCR signaling and get involved in host defense against bacterial infection in Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Bian
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Siwei Wu
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Xiaoxue Yin
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Liangliang Mu
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Fangfang Yan
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Linghe Kong
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Zheng Guo
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Liting Wu
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
| | - Jianmin Ye
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
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20
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Vlieg HC, Huizinga EG, Janssen BJC. Structure and flexibility of the extracellular region of the PirB receptor. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:4634-4643. [PMID: 30674550 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Murine paired immunoglobulin receptor B (PirB) and its human ortholog leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B2 (LILRB2) are widely expressed inhibitory receptors that interact with a diverse set of extracellular ligands and exert functions ranging from down-regulation of immune responses to inhibition of neuronal growth. However, structural information that could shed light on how PirB interacts with its ligands is lacking. Here, we report crystal structures of the PirB ectodomain; the first full ectodomain structure for a LILR family member, at 3.3-4.5 Å resolution. The structures reveal that PirB's six Ig-like domains are arranged at acute angles, similar to the structures of leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LILR) and killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR). We observe that this regular arrangement is followed throughout the ectodomain, resulting in an extended zigzag conformation. In two out of the five structures reported here, the repeating zigzag is broken by the first domain that can adopt two alternative orientations. Quantitative binding experiments revealed a 9 μm dissociation constant for PirB-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) ectodomain interactions. Taken together, these structural findings and the observed PirB-MAG interactions are compatible with a model for intercellular signaling in which the PirB extracellular domains, which point away from the cell surface, enable interaction with ligands in trans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedwich C Vlieg
- From Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eric G Huizinga
- From Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bert J C Janssen
- From Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Boraschi-Diaz I, Mort JS, Brömme D, Senis YA, Mazharian A, Komarova SV. Collagen type I degradation fragments act through the collagen receptor LAIR-1 to provide a negative feedback for osteoclast formation. Bone 2018; 117:23-30. [PMID: 30217615 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The major organic component of bone is collagen type I. Osteoclasts are terminally differentiated multinucleated cells of hematopoietic origin that are essential for physiological development of bone and teeth. We examined if osteoclast differentiation from murine bone marrow precursors is affected by collagen type I, or by its degradation products produced by human recombinant cathepsin K. Osteoclasts formation was dose-dependently inhibited in the presence of full length collagen type I or its 30-75 kDa degradation products added to the osteoclast differentiation media for the duration of an experiment. Collagen degradation fragments signaled through SH-2 phosphatases, inhibiting calcium signaling and NFATc1 translocation in osteoclast precursors. Osteoclasts and their precursors expressed a collagen receptor of leukocyte receptor complex family, LAIR-1. Importantly, collagen fragments failed to inhibit osteoclast formation from LAIR-1 deficient murine osteoclast precursors. This study demonstrates that collagen degradation fragments inhibit osteoclast formation acting through LAIR-1, providing a novel mechanism for the physiologically-relevant negative control of osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Boraschi-Diaz
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A6, Canada
| | - John S Mort
- Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A6, Canada
| | - Dieter Brömme
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yotis A Senis
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alexandra Mazharian
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Svetlana V Komarova
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A6, Canada.
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22
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Segeletz S, Danglot L, Galli T, Hoflack B. ARAP1 Bridges Actin Dynamics and AP-3-Dependent Membrane Traffic in Bone-Digesting Osteoclasts. iScience 2018; 6:199-211. [PMID: 30240610 PMCID: PMC6137390 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-resorbing osteoclasts play a central role in bone remodeling and its pathology. To digest bone, osteoclasts re-organize both F-actin, to assemble podosomes/sealing zones, and membrane traffic, to form bone-facing ruffled borders enriched in lysosomal membrane proteins. It remains elusive how these processes are coordinated. Here, we show that ARAP1 (ArfGAP with RhoGAP domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1) fulfills this function. At podosomes/sealing zones, ARAP1 is part of a protein complex where its RhoGAP domain regulates actin dynamics. At endosomes, ARAP1 interacts with AP-3 adaptor complexes where its Arf-GAP domain regulates the Arf1-dependent AP-3 binding to membranes and, consequently lysosomal membrane protein transport to ruffled borders. Accordingly, ARAP1 or AP-3 depletion in osteoclasts alters their capacity to digest bone in vitro. and AP-3δ-deficient mocha mice, a model of the Hermansky-Pudlak storage pool syndrome, develop osteoporosis. Thus, ARAP1 bridges F-actin and membrane dynamics in osteoclasts for proper bone homeostasis. ARAP1 is a bridging factor controlling actin and membrane dynamics in osteoclasts ARAP1 controls podosome dynamics and AP-3 coat recruitment to membranes AP-3 controls targeting of lysosomal membrane proteins to the ruffled border AP-3-deficient mocha mice develop osteoporosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Segeletz
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Lydia Danglot
- Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR-S894 INSERM, Université Paris Descartes, 102-108 rue de la Santé, Paris 75014, France
| | - Thierry Galli
- Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, UMR-S894 INSERM, Université Paris Descartes, 102-108 rue de la Santé, Paris 75014, France
| | - Bernard Hoflack
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, Dresden 01307, Germany.
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Gao FX, Lu WJ, Wang Y, Zhang QY, Zhang YB, Mou CY, Li Z, Zhang XJ, Liu CW, Zhou L, Gui JF. Differential expression and functional diversification of diverse immunoglobulin domain-containing protein (DICP) family in three gynogenetic clones of gibel carp. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 84:396-407. [PMID: 29555550 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Diverse immunoglobulin (Ig) domain-containing protein (DICP) family is a novel bony fish-specific multi-gene family encoding diversified immune receptors. However, their function and the implication of binding partners remain unknown. In this study, we first identified 28 DICPs from three gibel carp gynogenetic clones and revealed their high variability and clone-specific feature. After crucian carp herpesvirus (CaHV) infection, these DICPs were significantly upregulated in head kidney, kidney and spleen. The up-regulation folds in clone A+, F and H were related to the susceptibility to CaHV, progressively increasing from resistant clone to susceptible clone. Overexpression of gibel carp DICPs inhibited interferon (IFN) and viperin promoter-driven luciferase activity. The additions of E. coli extracts and lipid A significantly enhanced the inhibition effect. In addition, gibel carp DICPs can interact with SHP-1 and SHP-2. These findings suggest that gible carp DICPs, as inhibitory receptors, might specifically recognize lipid A, and then interact with SHP-1 and SHP-2 to inhibit the induction of IFN and ISGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Jia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi-Ya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng-Yan Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chao-Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jian-Fang Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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24
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Brodie EJ, Infantino S, Low MSY, Tarlinton DM. Lyn, Lupus, and (B) Lymphocytes, a Lesson on the Critical Balance of Kinase Signaling in Immunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:401. [PMID: 29545808 PMCID: PMC5837976 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a progressive autoimmune disease characterized by increased sensitivity to self-antigens, auto-antibody production, and systemic inflammation. B cells have been implicated in disease progression and as such represent an attractive therapeutic target. Lyn is a Src family tyrosine kinase that plays a major role in regulating signaling pathways within B cells as well as other hematopoietic cells. Its role in initiating negative signaling cascades is especially critical as exemplified by Lyn-/- mice developing an SLE-like disease with plasma cell hyperplasia, underscoring the importance of tightly regulating signaling within B cells. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the function of the Src family tyrosine kinase Lyn in B lymphocytes and its contribution to positive and negative signaling pathways that are dysregulated in autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica J. Brodie
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Simona Infantino
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael S. Y. Low
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Immunology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Monash Health, Monash Hospital, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - David M. Tarlinton
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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25
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Satterthwaite AB. Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase, a Component of B Cell Signaling Pathways, Has Multiple Roles in the Pathogenesis of Lupus. Front Immunol 2018; 8:1986. [PMID: 29403475 PMCID: PMC5786522 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the loss of adaptive immune tolerance to nucleic acid-containing antigens. The resulting autoantibodies form immune complexes that promote inflammation and tissue damage. Defining the signals that drive pathogenic autoantibody production is an important step in the development of more targeted therapeutic approaches for lupus, which is currently treated primarily with non-specific immunosuppression. Here, we review the contribution of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk), a component of B and myeloid cell signaling pathways, to disease in murine lupus models. Both gain- and loss-of-function genetic studies have revealed that Btk plays multiple roles in the production of autoantibodies. These include promoting the activation, plasma cell differentiation, and class switching of autoreactive B cells. Small molecule inhibitors of Btk are effective at reducing autoantibody levels, B cell activation, and kidney damage in several lupus models. These studies suggest that Btk may promote end-organ damage both by facilitating the production of autoantibodies and by mediating the inflammatory response of myeloid cells to these immune complexes. While Btk has not been associated with SLE in GWAS studies, SLE B cells display signaling defects in components both upstream and downstream of Btk consistent with enhanced activation of Btk signaling pathways. Taken together, these observations indicate that limiting Btk activity is critical for maintaining B cell tolerance and preventing the development of autoimmune disease. Btk inhibitors, generally well-tolerated and approved to treat B cell malignancy, may thus be a useful therapeutic approach for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne B Satterthwaite
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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26
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The role of free kappa and lambda light chains in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:632-644. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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27
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van der Touw W, Chen HM, Pan PY, Chen SH. LILRB receptor-mediated regulation of myeloid cell maturation and function. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017. [PMID: 28638976 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-2023-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LILR) family comprises a set of paired immunomodulatory receptors expressed among human myeloid and lymphocyte cell populations. While six members of LILR subfamily A (LILRA) associate with membrane adaptors to signal via immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activating motifs (ITAM), LILR subfamily B (LILRB) members signal via multiple cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIM). Ligand specificity of some LILR family members has been studied in detail, but new perspective into the immunoregulatory aspects of this receptor family in human myeloid cells has been limited. LILRB receptors and the murine ortholog, paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PIRB), have been shown to negatively regulate maturation pathways in myeloid cells including mast cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells, as well as B cells. Our laboratory further demonstrated in mouse models that PIRB regulated functional development of myeloid-derived suppressor cell and the formation of a tumor-permissive microenvironment. Based on observations from the literature and our own studies, our laboratory is focusing on how LILRs modulate immune homeostasis of human myeloid cells and how these pathways may be targeted in disease states. Integrity of this pathway in tumor microenvironments, for example, permits a myeloid phenotype that suppresses antitumor adaptive immunity. This review presents the evidence supporting a role of LILRs as myeloid cell regulators and ongoing efforts to understand the functional immunology surrounding this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- William van der Touw
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Hui-Ming Chen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Houston Methodist Research institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ping-Ying Pan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Houston Methodist Research institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shu-Hsia Chen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Houston Methodist Research institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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28
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Sztacho M, Segeletz S, Sanchez-Fernandez MA, Czupalla C, Niehage C, Hoflack B. BAR Proteins PSTPIP1/2 Regulate Podosome Dynamics and the Resorption Activity of Osteoclasts. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164829. [PMID: 27760174 PMCID: PMC5070766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone resorption in vertebrates relies on the ability of osteoclasts to assemble F-actin-rich podosomes that condense into podosomal belts, forming sealing zones. Sealing zones segregate bone-facing ruffled membranes from other membrane domains, and disassemble when osteoclasts migrate to new areas. How podosome/sealing zone dynamics is regulated remains unknown. We illustrate the essential role of the membrane scaffolding F-BAR-Proline-Serine-Threonine Phosphatase Interacting Proteins (PSTPIP) 1 and 2 in this process. Whereas PSTPIP2 regulates podosome assembly, PSTPIP1 regulates their disassembly. PSTPIP1 recruits, through its F-BAR domain, the protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 6 (PTPN6) that de-phosphophorylates the phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphatases SHIP1/2 bound to the SH3 domain of PSTPIP1. Depletion of any component of this complex prevents sealing zone disassembly and increases osteoclast activity. Thus, our results illustrate the importance of BAR domain proteins in podosome structure and dynamics, and identify a new PSTPIP1/PTPN6/SHIP1/2-dependent negative feedback mechanism that counterbalances Src and PI(3,4,5)P3 signalling to control osteoclast cell polarity and activity during bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Sztacho
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47–51, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sandra Segeletz
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47–51, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Cornelia Czupalla
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47–51, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Niehage
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47–51, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernard Hoflack
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47–51, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- * E-mail:
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29
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An H, Brettle M, Lee T, Heng B, Lim CK, Guillemin GJ, Lord MS, Klotzsch E, Geczy CL, Bryant K, Fath T, Tedla N. Soluble LILRA3 promotes neurite outgrowth and synapses formation through high affinity interaction with Nogo 66. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:1198-209. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.182006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory proteins, particularly Nogo 66, a highly conserved 66 amino acid loop of Nogo A, play key roles in limiting the intrinsic capacity of the central nervous system to regenerate after injury. Ligation of surface Nogo receptors (NgRs) and/or leukocyte immunoglobulin like receptor B2 (LILRB2) and its mouse orthologue the paired-immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PIRB) by Nogo 66 transduces inhibitory signals that potently inhibit neurite outgrowth. Here we show that soluble leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor A3 (LILRA3) is a high affinity receptor for Nogo 66, suggesting that LILRA3 might be a competitive antagonist to these cell surface inhibitory receptors. Consistent with this, LILRA3 significantly reversed Nogo 66-mediated inhibition of neurite outgrowth and promoted synapse formation in primary cortical neurons via regulation of the MEK/ERK pathway. LILRA3 represents a new antagonist to Nogo 66-mediated inhibition of neurite outgrowth in the CNS, a function distinct from its immune-regulatory role in leukocytes. This report is also the first to demonstrate that a member of LILR family normally not expressed in rodents exerts functions on mouse neurons through the highly homologous Nogo 66 ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan An
- Inflammation and Infection Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Merryn Brettle
- Neurodegeneration and Repair Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Anatomy, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Terry Lee
- Inflammation and Infection Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Benjamin Heng
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia
| | - Chai K. Lim
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia
| | - Gilles J. Guillemin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia
| | - Megan S. Lord
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Enrico Klotzsch
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carolyn L. Geczy
- Inflammation and Infection Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Katherine Bryant
- Inflammation and Infection Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Thomas Fath
- Neurodegeneration and Repair Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Anatomy, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicodemus Tedla
- Inflammation and Infection Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
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30
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Jang JY, Min JH, Wang SB, Chae YH, Baek JY, Kim M, Ryu JS, Chang TS. Resveratrol inhibits collagen-induced platelet stimulation through suppressing NADPH oxidase and oxidative inactivation of SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:842-51. [PMID: 26482867 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.10.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced upon collagen stimulation are implicated in propagating various platelet-activating pathways. Among ROS-producing enzymes, NADPH oxidase (NOX) is largely responsible for collagen receptor-dependent ROS production. Therefore, NOX has been proposed as a novel target for the development of antiplatelet agent. We here investigate whether resveratrol inhibits collagen-induced NOX activation and further examine the effects of resveratrol on ROS-dependent signaling pathways in collagen-stimulated platelets. Collagen-induced superoxide anion production in platelets was inhibited by resveratrol. Resveratrol suppressed collagen-induced phosphorylation of p47(phox), a major regulatory subunit of NOX. Correlated with the inhibitory effects on NOX, resveratrol protected SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP-2) from ROS-mediated inactivation and subsequently attenuated the specific tyrosine phosphorylation of key components (spleen tyrosine kinase, Vav1, Bruton's tyrosine kinase, and phospholipase Cγ2) for collagen receptor signaling cascades. Resveratrol also inhibited downstream responses such as cytosolic calcium elevation, P-selectin surface exposure, and integrin-αIIbβ3 activation. Furthermore, resveratrol inhibited platelet aggregation and adhesion in response to collagen. The antiplatelet effects of resveratrol through the inhibition of NOX-derived ROS production and subsequent oxidative inactivation of SHP-2 suggest that resveratrol is a potential compound for prevention and treatment of thrombovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yong Jang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Min
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Wang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hee Chae
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Baek
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Myunghee Kim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sang Ryu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Tong-Shin Chang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Mayeux J, Skaug B, Luo W, Russell LM, John S, Saelee P, Abbasi H, Li QZ, Garrett-Sinha LA, Satterthwaite AB. Genetic Interaction between Lyn, Ets1, and Btk in the Control of Antibody Levels. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015. [PMID: 26209625 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tight control of B cell differentiation into plasma cells (PCs) is critical for proper immune responses and the prevention of autoimmunity. The Ets1 transcription factor acts in B cells to prevent PC differentiation. Ets1(-/-) mice accumulate PCs and produce autoantibodies. Ets1 expression is downregulated upon B cell activation through the BCR and TLRs and is maintained by the inhibitory signaling pathway mediated by Lyn, CD22 and SiglecG, and SHP-1. In the absence of these inhibitory components, Ets1 levels are reduced in B cells in a Btk-dependent manner. This leads to increased PCs, autoantibodies, and an autoimmune phenotype similar to that of Ets1(-/-) mice. Defects in inhibitory signaling molecules, including Lyn and Ets1, are associated with human lupus, although the effects are more subtle than the complete deficiency that occurs in knockout mice. In this study, we explore the effect of partial disruption of the Lyn/Ets1 pathway on B cell tolerance and find that Lyn(+/-)Ets1(+/-) mice demonstrate greater and earlier production of IgM, but not IgG, autoantibodies compared with Lyn(+/-) or Ets1(+/-) mice. We also show that Btk-dependent downregulation of Ets1 is important for normal PC homeostasis when inhibitory signaling is intact. Ets1 deficiency restores the decrease in steady state PCs and Ab levels observed in Btk(-/-) mice. Thus, depending on the balance of activating and inhibitory signals to Ets1, there is a continuum of effects on autoantibody production and PC maintenance. This ranges from full-blown autoimmunity with complete loss of Ets1-maintaining signals to reduced PC and Ab levels with impaired Ets1 downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mayeux
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Brian Skaug
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203; and
| | - Lisa M Russell
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203; and
| | - Shinu John
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203; and
| | - Prontip Saelee
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203; and
| | - Hansaa Abbasi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Lee Ann Garrett-Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203; and
| | - Anne B Satterthwaite
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390; Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
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32
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Wang SB, Jang JY, Chae YH, Min JH, Baek JY, Kim M, Park Y, Hwang GS, Ryu JS, Chang TS. Kaempferol suppresses collagen-induced platelet activation by inhibiting NADPH oxidase and protecting SHP-2 from oxidative inactivation. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 83:41-53. [PMID: 25645952 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated upon collagen stimulation act as second messengers to propagate various platelet-activating events. Among the ROS-generating enzymes, NADPH oxidase (NOX) plays a prominent role in platelet activation. Thus, NOX has been suggested as a novel target for anti-platelet drug development. Although kaempferol has been identified as a NOX inhibitor, the influence of kaempferol on the activation of platelets and the underlying mechanism have never been investigated. Here, we studied the effects of kaempferol on NOX activation, ROS-dependent signaling pathways, and functional responses in collagen-stimulated platelets. Superoxide anion generation stimulated by collagen was significantly inhibited by kaempferol in a concentration-dependent manner. More importantly, kaempferol directly bound p47(phox), a major regulatory subunit of NOX, and significantly inhibited collagen-induced phosphorylation of p47(phox) and NOX activation. In accordance with the inhibition of NOX, ROS-dependent inactivation of SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP-2) was potently protected by kaempferol. Subsequently, the specific tyrosine phosphorylation of key components (Syk, Vav1, Btk, and PLCγ2) of collagen receptor signaling pathways was suppressed by kaempferol. Kaempferol also attenuated downstream responses, including cytosolic calcium elevation, P-selectin surface exposure, and integrin-αIIbβ3 activation. Ultimately, kaempferol inhibited platelet aggregation and adhesion in response to collagen in vitro and prolonged in vivo thrombotic response in carotid arteries of mice. This study shows that kaempferol impairs collagen-induced platelet activation through inhibition of NOX-derived ROS production and subsequent oxidative inactivation of SHP-2. This effect suggests that kaempferol has therapeutic potential for the prevention and treatment of thrombovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Bin Wang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Women's University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yong Jang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Women's University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hee Chae
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Women's University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Min
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Women's University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Baek
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Women's University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Myunghee Kim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Women's University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjeong Park
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Women's University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwi Seo Hwang
- Lab of Cell Differentiation Research, College of Oriental Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 461-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sang Ryu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Women's University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Tong-Shin Chang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Women's University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea.
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Kimura T, Endo S, Inui M, Saitoh SI, Miyake K, Takai T. Endoplasmic Protein Nogo-B (RTN4-B) Interacts with GRAMD4 and Regulates TLR9-Mediated Innate Immune Responses. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:5426-36. [PMID: 25917084 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
TLRs are distributed in their characteristic cellular or subcellular compartments to efficiently recognize specific ligands and to initiate intracellular signaling. Whereas TLRs recognizing pathogen-associated lipids or proteins are localized to the cell surface, nucleic acid-sensing TLRs are expressed in endosomes and lysosomes. Several endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident proteins are known to regulate the trafficking of TLRs to the specific cellular compartments, thus playing important roles in the initiation of innate immune responses. In this study, we show that an ER-resident protein, Nogo-B (or RTN4-B), is necessary for immune responses triggered by nucleic acid-sensing TLRs, and that a newly identified Nogo-B-binding protein (glucosyltransferases, Rab-like GTPase activators and myotubularins [GRAM] domain containing 4 [GRAMD4]) negatively regulates the responses. Production of inflammatory cytokines in vitro by macrophages stimulated with CpG-B oligonucleotides or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid was attenuated in the absence of Nogo-B, which was also confirmed in serum samples from Nogo-deficient mice injected with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid. Although a deficiency of Nogo-B did not change the incorporation or delivery of CpG to endosomes, the localization of TLR9 to endolysosomes was found to be impaired. We identified GRAMD4 as a downmodulator for TLR9 response with a Nogo-B binding ability in ER, because our knockdown and overexpression experiments indicated that GRAMD4 suppresses the TLR9 response and knockdown of Gramd4 strongly enhanced the response in the absence of Nogo-B. Our findings indicate a critical role of Nogo-B and GRAMD4 in trafficking of TLR9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Kimura
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; and
| | - Shota Endo
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; and
| | - Masanori Inui
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; and
| | - Shin-Ichiroh Saitoh
- Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kensuke Miyake
- Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Takai
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; and
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Jang JY, Wang SB, Min JH, Chae YH, Baek JY, Yu DY, Chang TS. Peroxiredoxin II is an antioxidant enzyme that negatively regulates collagen-stimulated platelet function. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:11432-42. [PMID: 25802339 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.644260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen-induced platelet signaling is mediated by binding to the primary receptor glycoprotein VI (GPVI). Reactive oxygen species produced in response to collagen have been found to be responsible for the propagation of GPVI signaling pathways in platelets. Therefore, it has been suggested that antioxidant enzymes could down-regulate GPVI-stimulated platelet activation. Although the antioxidant enzyme peroxiredoxin II (PrxII) has emerged as having a role in negatively regulating signaling through various receptors by eliminating H2O2 generated upon receptor stimulation, the function of PrxII in collagen-stimulated platelets is not known. We tested the hypothesis that PrxII negatively regulates collagen-stimulated platelet activation. We analyzed PrxII-deficient murine platelets. PrxII deficiency enhanced GPVI-mediated platelet activation through the defective elimination of H2O2 and the impaired protection of SH2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP-2) against oxidative inactivation, which resulted in increased tyrosine phosphorylation of key components for the GPVI signaling cascade, including Syk, Btk, and phospholipase Cγ2. Interestingly, PrxII-mediated antioxidative protection of SHP-2 appeared to occur in the lipid rafts. PrxII-deficient platelets exhibited increased adhesion and aggregation upon collagen stimulation. Furthermore, in vivo experiments demonstrated that PrxII deficiency facilitated platelet-dependent thrombus formation in injured carotid arteries. This study reveals that PrxII functions as a protective antioxidant enzyme against collagen-stimulated platelet activation and platelet-dependent thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yong Jang
- From the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and
| | - Su Bin Wang
- From the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and
| | - Ji Hyun Min
- From the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and
| | - Yun Hee Chae
- From the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and
| | | | - Dae-Yeul Yu
- the Disease Model Research Laboratory, Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 605-806, Korea
| | - Tong-Shin Chang
- From the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750 and
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Grzywnowicz M, Karabon L, Karczmarczyk A, Zajac M, Skorka K, Zaleska J, Wlasiuk P, Chocholska S, Tomczak W, Bojarska-Junak A, Dmoszynska A, Frydecka I, Giannopoulos K. The function of a novel immunophenotype candidate molecule PD-1 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 56:2908-13. [PMID: 25682964 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1017820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is a negative receptor expressed on lymphocytes including malignant B cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In this work, we found that patients with CLL had a higher expression of PD-1 transcript (PDCD1) than healthy volunteers (p < 0.0001). PDCD1 expression was comparable between CLL cells from accumulation (peripheral blood) and proliferation (bone marrow) disease compartments. In blood samples of patients with mutated IGHV genes PDCD1 expression was higher than with unmutated IGHV (p = 0.0299). We demonstrated that phosphorylation of SYK and LYN, key B-cell receptor signaling kinases, was independent of PD-1 expression in patients with CLL, while ZAP-70 phosphorylation in negative tyrosine residue 292 showed strong inverse correlation (r = - 0.8, p = 0.0019). No associations between five single nucleotide polymorphisms of PDCD1, their expressions and susceptibility to CLL were found. In conclusion, PD-1 might be an independent, universal marker of CLL cells and a part of their activated phenotype, and subsequently might modulate the function of ZAP-70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Grzywnowicz
- a Department of Experimental Hematooncology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Lidia Karabon
- b Department of Experimental Therapy , Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Agnieszka Karczmarczyk
- a Department of Experimental Hematooncology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zajac
- a Department of Experimental Hematooncology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Katarzyna Skorka
- a Department of Experimental Hematooncology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Joanna Zaleska
- a Department of Experimental Hematooncology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Paulina Wlasiuk
- a Department of Experimental Hematooncology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Sylwia Chocholska
- c Department of Hematooncology and BMT Unit , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Waldemar Tomczak
- c Department of Hematooncology and BMT Unit , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | | | - Anna Dmoszynska
- c Department of Hematooncology and BMT Unit , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Irena Frydecka
- b Department of Experimental Therapy , Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Krzysztof Giannopoulos
- a Department of Experimental Hematooncology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland.,c Department of Hematooncology and BMT Unit , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
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Baba Y, Kurosaki T. Role of Calcium Signaling in B Cell Activation and Biology. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2015; 393:143-174. [PMID: 26369772 DOI: 10.1007/82_2015_477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Increase in intracellular levels of calcium ions (Ca2+) is one of the key triggering signals for the development of B cell response to the antigen. The diverse Ca2+ signals finely controlled by multiple factors participate in the regulation of gene expression, B cell development, and effector functions. B cell receptor (BCR)-initiated Ca2+ mobilization is sourced from two pathways: one is the release of Ca2+ from the intracellular stores, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and other is the prolonged influx of extracellular Ca2+ induced by depleting the stores via store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels. The identification of stromal interaction molecule 1(STIM1), the ER Ca2+ sensor, and Orai1, a key subunit of the CRAC channel pore, has now provided the tools to understand the mode of Ca2+ influx regulation and physiological relevance. Herein, we discuss our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying BCR-triggered Ca2+ signaling as well as its contribution to the B cell biological processes and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Baba
- Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Kanagawa, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Kurosaki
- Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Kanagawa, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
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Corneth OBJ, Klein Wolterink RGJ, Hendriks RW. BTK Signaling in B Cell Differentiation and Autoimmunity. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2015; 393:67-105. [PMID: 26341110 DOI: 10.1007/82_2015_478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the original identification of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) as the gene defective in the primary immunodeficiency X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) in 1993, our knowledge on the physiological function of BTK has expanded impressively. In this review, we focus on the role of BTK during B cell differentiation in vivo, both in the regulation of expansion and in the developmental progression of pre-B cells in the bone marrow and as a crucial signal transducer of signals downstream of the IgM or IgG B cell antigen receptor (BCR) in mature B cells governing proliferation, survival, and differentiation. In particular, we highlight BTK function in B cells in the context of host defense and autoimmunity. Small-molecule inhibitors of BTK have very recently shown impressive anti-tumor activity in clinical studies in patients with various B cell malignancies. Since promising effects of BTK inhibition were also seen in experimental animal models for lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, BTK may be a good target for controlling autoreactive B cells in patients with systemic autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odilia B J Corneth
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Room Ee2251a, PO Box 2040, NL 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roel G J Klein Wolterink
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Room Ee2251a, PO Box 2040, NL 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Room Ee2251a, PO Box 2040, NL 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Tsantikos E, Gottschalk TA, Maxwell MJ, Hibbs ML. Role of the Lyn tyrosine kinase in the development of autoimmune disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.2217/ijr.14.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Luo W, Mayeux J, Gutierrez T, Russell L, Getahun A, Müller J, Tedder T, Parnes J, Rickert R, Nitschke L, Cambier J, Satterthwaite AB, Garrett-Sinha LA. A balance between B cell receptor and inhibitory receptor signaling controls plasma cell differentiation by maintaining optimal Ets1 levels. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:909-920. [PMID: 24929000 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Signaling through the BCR can drive B cell activation and contribute to B cell differentiation into Ab-secreting plasma cells. The positive BCR signal is counterbalanced by a number of membrane-localized inhibitory receptors that limit B cell activation and plasma cell differentiation. Deficiencies in these negative signaling pathways may cause autoantibody generation and autoimmune disease in both animal models and human patients. We have previously shown that the transcription factor Ets1 can restrain B cell differentiation into plasma cells. In this study, we tested the roles of the BCR and inhibitory receptors in controlling the expression of Ets1 in mouse B cells. We found that Ets1 is downregulated in B cells by BCR or TLR signaling through a pathway dependent on PI3K, Btk, IKK2, and JNK. Deficiencies in inhibitory pathways, such as a loss of the tyrosine kinase Lyn, the phosphatase Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP1) or membrane receptors CD22 and/or Siglec-G, result in enhanced BCR signaling and decreased Ets1 expression. Restoring Ets1 expression in Lyn- or SHP1-deficient B cells inhibits their enhanced plasma cell differentiation. Our findings indicate that downregulation of Ets1 occurs in response to B cell activation via either BCR or TLR signaling, thereby allowing B cell differentiation and that the maintenance of Ets1 expression is an important function of the inhibitory Lyn → CD22/SiglecG → SHP1 pathway in B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Jessica Mayeux
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Toni Gutierrez
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Lisa Russell
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Andrew Getahun
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Jennifer Müller
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Thomas Tedder
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Jane Parnes
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Robert Rickert
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Lars Nitschke
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - John Cambier
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Anne B Satterthwaite
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Lee Ann Garrett-Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
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Jang JY, Min JH, Chae YH, Baek JY, Wang SB, Park SJ, Oh GT, Lee SH, Ho YS, Chang TS. Reactive oxygen species play a critical role in collagen-induced platelet activation via SHP-2 oxidation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:2528-40. [PMID: 24093153 PMCID: PMC4025609 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The collagen-stimulated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulates signal transduction in platelets, although the mechanism is unclear. The major targets of ROS include protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). ROS-mediated oxidation of the active cysteine site in PTPs abrogates the PTP catalytic activity. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether collagen-induced ROS generation leads to PTP oxidation, which promotes platelet stimulation. RESULTS SH2 domain-containing PTP-2 (SHP-2) is oxidized in platelets by ROS produced upon collagen stimulation. The oxidative inactivation of SHP-2 leads to the enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), Vav1, and Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) in the linker for the activation of T cells signaling complex, which promotes the tyrosine phosphorylation-mediated activation of phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2). Moreover, we found that, relative to wild-type platelets, platelets derived from glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1)/catalase double-deficient mice showed enhanced cellular ROS levels, oxidative inactivation of SHP-2, and tyrosine phosphorylation of Syk, Vav1, Btk, and PLCγ2 in response to collagen, which subsequently led to increased intracellular calcium levels, degranulation, and integrin αIIbβ3 activation. Consistent with these findings, GPx1/catalase double-deficiency accelerated the thrombotic response in FeCl3-injured carotid arteries. INNOVATION The present study is the first to demonstrate that SHP-2 is targeted by ROS produced in collagen-stimulated platelets and suggests that a novel mechanism for the regulation of platelet activation by ROS is due to oxidative inactivation of SHP-2. CONCLUSION We conclude that collagen-induced ROS production leads to SHP-2 oxidation, which promotes platelet activation by upregulating tyrosine phosphorylation-based signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yong Jang
- 1 Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, South Korea
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Gou Z, Mi Y, Jiang F, Deng B, Yang J, Gou X. PirB is a novel potential therapeutic target for enhancing axonal regeneration and synaptic plasticity following CNS injury in mammals. J Drug Target 2014; 22:365-71. [PMID: 24405091 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2013.878939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A major barrier to axonal regeneration in mammals is the unfavorable extracellular environment that develops following injury to the central nervous system (CNS). In particular, three myelin-associated inhibitory proteins (MAIs) - Nogo, myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein (OMgp) - are known to inhibit axonal regeneration and functional recovery. These MAIs share a common receptor, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored Nogo receptor (NgR). However, paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PirB) - which was originally identified as a receptor for class I major histocompatibility complex (MHCI) in the immune system - is also expressed in neurones and plays a similarly inhibitory role in axonal regeneration and synaptic plasticity following CNS injury through its association with MAIs. Importantly, suppression of PirB activity through antibody antagonism or genetic means can partially relieve the inhibition of neurite outgrowth in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we present the molecular features, expression patterns and known signaling pathways of PirB, and we specifically focus on putative roles for PirB in the CNS and its potential as a target of molecular therapies for enhancing axonal regeneration and synaptic plasticity following CNS injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Gou
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University , Nanchong , China and
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Wheeler ML, Defranco AL. Prolonged production of reactive oxygen species in response to B cell receptor stimulation promotes B cell activation and proliferation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:4405-16. [PMID: 23024271 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the intracellular sources and physiological function of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in primary B cells in response to BCR stimulation. BCR stimulation of primary resting murine B cells induced the rapid production of ROS that occurred within minutes and was maintained for at least 24 h after receptor stimulation. While the early production of ROS (0-2 h) was dependent on the Nox2 isoform of NADPH oxidase, at later stages of B cell activation (6-24 h) ROS were generated by a second pathway, which appeared to be dependent on mitochondrial respiration. B cells from mice deficient in the Nox2 NADPH oxidase complex lacked detectable early production of extracellular and intracellular ROS after BCR stimulation but had normal proximal BCR signaling and BCR-induced activation and proliferation in vitro and mounted normal or somewhat elevated Ab responses in vivo. In contrast, neutralizing both pathways of BCR-derived ROS with the scavenger N-acetylcysteine resulted in impaired in vitro BCR-induced activation and proliferation and attenuated BCR signaling through the PI3K pathway at later times. These results indicate that the production of ROS downstream of the BCR is derived from at least two distinct cellular sources and plays a critical role at the later stages of B cell activation by promoting sustained BCR signaling via the PI3K pathway, which is needed for effective B cell responses to Ag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Wheeler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Tsantikos E, Maxwell MJ, Kountouri N, Harder KW, Tarlinton DM, Hibbs ML. Genetic Interdependence of Lyn and Negative Regulators of B Cell Receptor Signaling in Autoimmune Disease Development. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:1726-36. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1103427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Functional requirements for inhibitory signal transmission by the immunomodulatory receptor CD300a. BMC Immunol 2012; 13:23. [PMID: 22537350 PMCID: PMC3418551 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2172-13-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Activation signals can be negatively regulated by cell surface receptors bearing immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). CD300a, an ITIM bearing type I transmembrane protein, is expressed on many hematopoietic cells, including subsets of lymphocytes. Results We have taken two approaches to further define the mechanism by which CD300a acts as an inhibitor of immune cell receptor signaling. First, we have expressed in Jurkat T cells a chimeric receptor consisting of the extracellular domains of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)2DL2 fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic segments of CD300a (KIR-CD300a) to explore surrogate ligand-stimulated inhibition of superantigen stimulated T cell receptor (TCR) mediated cell signaling. We found that intact CD300a ITIMs were essential for inhibition and that the tyrosine phosphorylation of these ITIMs required the src tyrosine kinase Lck. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the CD300a ITIMs created docking sites for both src homology 2 domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP)-1 and SHP-2. Suppression of SHP-1 and SHP-2 expression in KIR-CD300a Jurkat T cells with siRNA and the use of DT40 chicken B cell lines expressing CD300a and deficient in several phosphatases revealed that SHP-1, but not SHP-2 or the src homology 2 domain containing inositol 5’ phosphatase SHIP, was utilized by CD300a for its inhibitory activity. Conclusion These studies provide new insights into the function of CD300a in tuning T and B cell responses.
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Matsushita H, Endo S, Kobayashi E, Sakamoto Y, Kobayashi K, Kitaguchi K, Kuroki K, Söderhäll A, Maenaka K, Nakamura A, Strittmatter SM, Takai T. Differential but competitive binding of Nogo protein and class i major histocompatibility complex (MHCI) to the PIR-B ectodomain provides an inhibition of cells. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:25739-47. [PMID: 21636572 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.157859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding of class I MHC molecules (MHCI) to an inhibitory receptor, PIR-B, expressed on B cells and myeloid cells provides constitutive cellular inhibition, thus ensuring peripheral tolerance. Recent unexpected findings pointed to a novel inhibitory role of PIR-B in neurite regeneration through binding to three axonal outgrowth inhibitors of myelin, including Nogo. Thus, it becomes interesting to determine whether the actions of the inhibitory myelin proteins and MHCI could coexist independently or be mutually exclusive as to the PIR-B-mediated immune and neural cell inhibition. Here, we present data supporting the competition of Nogo- and MHCI-mediated inhibition where they coexist. Kinetic analyses of Nogo and MHCI binding to the whole or a part of the recombinant PIR-B ectodomain revealed that PIR-B binds with higher affinity to Nogo than MHCI and that the MHCI binding only occurred with the N-terminal domains of PIR-B, whereas Nogo binding occurred with either the N- or C-terminal ectodomains. Importantly, kinetic tests indicated that the binding to PIR-B of Nogo and MHCI was competitive. Both endogenous and exogenous Nogo intensified the PIR-B-mediated suppression of interleukin-6 release from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated wild-type, but not PIR-B-deficient, cultured mast cells, indicating that PIR-B mediates Nogo-induced inhibition. Thus, we propose a novel mechanism by which PIR-B-mediated regulation is achieved differentially but competitively via MHCI and Nogo in cells of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Matsushita
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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Abstract
A byproduct of the largely stochastic generation of a diverse B-cell specificity repertoire is production of cells that recognize autoantigens. Indeed, recent studies indicate that more than half of the primary repertoire consists of autoreactive B cells that must be silenced to prevent autoimmunity. While this silencing can occur by multiple mechanisms, it appears that most autoreactive B cells are silenced by anergy, wherein they populate peripheral lymphoid organs and continue to express unoccupied antigen receptors yet are unresponsive to antigen stimulation. Here we review molecular mechanisms that appear operative in maintaining the antigen unresponsiveness of anergic B cells. In addition, we present new data indicating that the failure of anergic B cells to mobilize calcium in response to antigen stimulation is not mediated by inactivation of stromal interacting molecule 1, a critical intermediary in intracellular store depletion-induced calcium influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Yarkoni
- Integrated Department of Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine and National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
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Gutierrez T, Halcomb KE, Coughran AJ, Li QZ, Satterthwaite AB. Separate checkpoints regulate splenic plasma cell accumulation and IgG autoantibody production in Lyn-deficient mice. Eur J Immunol 2010; 40:1897-905. [PMID: 20394076 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200940043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of plasma cells and autoantibodies against nuclear antigens characterize both human and murine lupus. Understanding how these processes are controlled may reveal novel therapeutic targets for this disease. Mice deficient in Lyn, a negative regulator of B and myeloid cell activity, develop lupus-like autoimmune disease. Here, we show that lyn(-) (/) (-) mice exhibit increased splenic plasmablasts and plasma cells and produce IgM against a wide range of self-antigens. Both events require Btk, a target of Lyn-dependent inhibitory pathways. A Btk-dependent increase in the expression of the plasma cell survival factor IL-6 by lyn(-) (/) (-) splenic myeloid cells was also observed. Surprisingly, IL-6 was not required for plasma cell accumulation or polyclonal IgM autoreactivity in lyn(-/-) mice. IL-6 was, however, necessary for the production of IgG autoantibodies, which we show are focused towards a limited set of nucleic acid-containing and glomerular autoantigens in lyn(-) (/) (-) mice. A similar uncoupling of plasma cell accumulation from IgG autoantibodies was seen in lyn(+/-) mice. Plasma cell accumulation and polyclonal IgM autoreactivity are therefore controlled separately from, and are insufficient for, the production of IgG against lupus-associated autoantigens. Regulators of either of these two checkpoints may be attractive therapeutic targets for lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Gutierrez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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48
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Role of PIR-B in autoimmune glomerulonephritis. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2011:275302. [PMID: 20976309 PMCID: PMC2952822 DOI: 10.1155/2011/275302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PIR-B, an inhibitory receptor expressed on murine B cells and myeloid cells, regulates humoral and cellular immune responses via its constitutive binding to the ligand, MHC class I molecules, on the same cells (cis) or on different cells (trans). Although it has been speculated that PIR-B is important for maintaining peripheral tolerance, PIR-B single deficiency does not cause overt autoimmune diseases. Recently, however, the combination of its deficiency with the Fas lpr mutation was found to result in augmented production of autoantibodies such as IgG rheumatoid factor and anti-DNA IgG, leading to glomerulonephritis in mice. Although the precise molecular mechanism for the overall scenario is unclear, PIR-B was found to suppress TLR9-mediated production of naturally autoreactive antibodies by innate B cells or B-1 cells by inhibiting the activation of Bruton's tyrosine kinase. Thus, PIR-B is an important regulator of innate immunity mediated by TLR9 in B-1 cells, which can otherwise provoke autoimmunity when overactivated.
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Mackay F, Figgett WA, Saulep D, Lepage M, Hibbs ML. B-cell stage and context-dependent requirements for survival signals from BAFF and the B-cell receptor. Immunol Rev 2010; 237:205-25. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2010.00944.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Hoshino S, Inaba M, Iwai H, Ito T, Li M, Eric Gershwin M, Okazaki K, Ikehara S. The role of dendritic cell subsets in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced ileitis. J Autoimmun 2010; 34:380-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2009.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Revised: 10/05/2009] [Accepted: 10/06/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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