1
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Abt ER, Le TM, Dann AM, Capri JR, Poddar S, Lok V, Li L, Liang K, Creech AL, Rashid K, Kim W, Wu N, Cui J, Cho A, Lee HR, Rosser EW, Link JM, Czernin J, Wu TT, Damoiseaux R, Dawson DW, Donahue TR, Radu CG. Reprogramming of nucleotide metabolism by interferon confers dependence on the replication stress response pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110236. [PMID: 35021095 PMCID: PMC8893345 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We determine that type I interferon (IFN) response biomarkers are enriched in a subset of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors; however, actionable vulnerabilities associated with IFN signaling have not been systematically defined. Integration of a phosphoproteomic analysis and a chemical genomics synergy screen reveals that IFN activates the replication stress response kinase ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) in PDAC cells and sensitizes them to ATR inhibitors. IFN triggers cell-cycle arrest in S-phase, which is accompanied by nucleotide pool insufficiency and nucleoside efflux. In combination with IFN, ATR inhibitors induce lethal DNA damage and downregulate nucleotide biosynthesis. ATR inhibition limits the growth of PDAC tumors in which IFN signaling is driven by stimulator of interferon genes (STING). These results identify a cross talk between IFN, DNA replication stress response networks, and nucleotide metabolism while providing the rationale for targeted therapeutic interventions that leverage IFN signaling in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan R Abt
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thuc M Le
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amanda M Dann
- Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph R Capri
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Soumya Poddar
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vincent Lok
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Luyi Li
- Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Keke Liang
- Department of General Surgery/Pancreatic and Thyroid Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Amanda L Creech
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Khalid Rashid
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Woosuk Kim
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nanping Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Arthur Cho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Hailey Rose Lee
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ethan W Rosser
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jason M Link
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Johannes Czernin
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ting-Ting Wu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert Damoiseaux
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David W Dawson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Timothy R Donahue
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Caius G Radu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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2
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Gato-Cañas M, Zuazo M, Arasanz H, Ibañez-Vea M, Lorenzo L, Fernandez-Hinojal G, Vera R, Smerdou C, Martisova E, Arozarena I, Wellbrock C, Llopiz D, Ruiz M, Sarobe P, Breckpot K, Kochan G, Escors D. PDL1 Signals through Conserved Sequence Motifs to Overcome Interferon-Mediated Cytotoxicity. Cell Rep 2018; 20:1818-1829. [PMID: 28834746 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PDL1 blockade produces remarkable clinical responses, thought to occur by T cell reactivation through prevention of PDL1-PD1 T cell inhibitory interactions. Here, we find that PDL1 cell-intrinsic signaling protects cancer cells from interferon (IFN) cytotoxicity and accelerates tumor progression. PDL1 inhibited IFN signal transduction through a conserved class of sequence motifs that mediate crosstalk with IFN signaling. Abrogation of PDL1 expression or antibody-mediated PDL1 blockade strongly sensitized cancer cells to IFN cytotoxicity through a STAT3/caspase-7-dependent pathway. Moreover, somatic mutations found in human carcinomas within these PDL1 sequence motifs disrupted motif regulation, resulting in PDL1 molecules with enhanced protective activities from type I and type II IFN cytotoxicity. Overall, our results reveal a mode of action of PDL1 in cancer cells as a first line of defense against IFN cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gato-Cañas
- Department of Oncology, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Miren Zuazo
- Department of Oncology, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Hugo Arasanz
- Department of Oncology, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; Department of Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Maria Ibañez-Vea
- Department of Oncology, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Laura Lorenzo
- Department of Oncology, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Fernandez-Hinojal
- Department of Oncology, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; Department of Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Ruth Vera
- Department of Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Cristian Smerdou
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Avenida Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eva Martisova
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Avenida Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Imanol Arozarena
- Department of Oncology, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Claudia Wellbrock
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester, UK
| | - Diana Llopiz
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Avenida Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Avenida Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pablo Sarobe
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Avenida Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Karine Breckpot
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brusels, Laarbeeklaan 103/E, 1090 Jette, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Grazyna Kochan
- Department of Oncology, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - David Escors
- Department of Oncology, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; Division of Infection and Immunity, Rayne Institute, University College London, WC1E 6JF London, UK.
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3
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Pierdominici M, Maselli A, Locatelli SL, Ciarlo L, Careddu G, Patrizio M, Ascione B, Tinari A, Carlo-Stella C, Malorni W, Matarrese P, Ortona E. Estrogen receptor β ligation inhibits Hodgkin lymphoma growth by inducing autophagy. Oncotarget 2018; 8:8522-8535. [PMID: 28052027 PMCID: PMC5352419 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is curable with current therapy, at least 20% of patients relapse or fail to make complete remission. In addition, patients who achieve long-term disease-free survival frequently undergo infertility, secondary malignancies, and cardiac failure, which are related to chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapies. Hence, new therapeutic strategies able to counteract the HL disease in this important patient population are still a matter of study. Estrogens, in particular 17β-estradiol (E2), have been suggested to play a role in lymphoma cell homeostasis by estrogen receptors (ER) β activation. On these bases, we investigated whether the ligation of ERβ by a selective agonist, the 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile (DPN), could impact HL tumor growth. We found that DPN-mediated ERβ activation led to a reduction of in vitro cell proliferation and cell cycle progression by inducing autophagy. In nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice engrafted with HL cells, ERβ activation by DPN was able to reduce lymphoma growth up to 60% and this associated with the induction of tumor cell autophagy. Molecular characterization of ERβ-induced autophagy revealed an overexpression of damage-regulated autophagy modulator 2 (DRAM2) molecule, whose role in autophagy modulation is still debated. After ERβ activation, both DRAM2 and protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), a key actor in the autophagosome formation, strictly interacted each other and localized at mitochondrial level. Altogether these results suggest that targeting ERβ with selective agonists might affect HL cell proliferation and tumor growth via a mechanism that brings into play DRAM2-dependent autophagic cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pierdominici
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Maselli
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia L Locatelli
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Cancer Center - Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Ciarlo
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Careddu
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Cancer Center - Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Patrizio
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Ascione
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Tinari
- Department of Technology and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmelo Carlo-Stella
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Cancer Center - Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milano, Italy
| | - Walter Malorni
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Matarrese
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Ortona
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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4
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Mastrangeli R, D'amici F, D'Acunto CW, Fiumi S, Rossi M, Terlizzese M, Palinsky W, Bierau H. A deamidated interferon-β variant binds to integrin αvβ3. Cytokine 2018; 104:38-41. [PMID: 29414325 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Human type I interferons are a family of pleiotropic cytokines with antiviral, anti-proliferative and immunomodulatory activities. They signal through the same cell surface receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 yet evoking markedly different physiological effects. One differentiating factor of interferon-beta (IFN-β) from other type I interferons is the presence of theAsn-Gly-Arg (NGR) sequence motif, which, upon deamidation, converts to Asp-Gly-Arg (DGR) and iso-Asp-Gly-Arg (iso-DGR) motifs. In other proteins, the NGR and iso-DGR motifs are reported as CD13- and αvβ3, αvβ5, αvβ6, αvβ8 and α5β1 integrin-binding motifs, respectively. The scope of this study was to perform exploratory surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments to assess the binding properties of a deamidated IFN-β variant to integrins. For this purpose, integrin αvβ3 was selected as a reference model within the iso-DGR- integrin binding members. The obtained results show that deamidated IFN-β binds integrin αvβ3 with nanomolar affinity and that the response was dependent on the deamidation extent. Based on these results, it can be expected that deamidated IFN-β also binds to other integrin family members that are able to bind to the iso-DGR binding motif. The novel binding properties could help elucidate specific IFN-β attributes that under physiological conditions may be modulated by the deamidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Mastrangeli
- Biotech Development Programme, CMC Science & Intelligence, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Fabio D'amici
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Cosimo-Walter D'Acunto
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Sabrina Fiumi
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Mara Rossi
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Terlizzese
- Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development Biotech Products, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy
| | - Wolf Palinsky
- Biotech Development Programme, Merck Biopharma (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Zone Industrielle de l'Ouriettaz, Aubonne 1170, Switzerland
| | - Horst Bierau
- Biotech Development Programme, CMC Science & Intelligence, Merck Serono S.p.A. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Via Luigi Einaudi, 11, 00012 Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), Italy.
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5
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Matarrese P, Abbruzzese C, Mileo AM, Vona R, Ascione B, Visca P, Rollo F, Benevolo M, Malorni W, Paggi MG. Interaction between the human papillomavirus 16 E7 oncoprotein and gelsolin ignites cancer cell motility and invasiveness. Oncotarget 2018; 7:50972-50985. [PMID: 27072581 PMCID: PMC5239452 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The viral oncoprotein E7 from the “high-risk” Human Papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) strain is able, when expressed in human keratinocytes, to physically interact with the actin severing protein gelsolin (GSN). In a previous work it has been suggested that this protein-protein interaction can hinder GSN severing function, thus leading to actin network remodeling. In the present work we investigated the possible implications of this molecular interaction in cancer cell metastatic potential by analyzing two different human CC cell lines characterized by low or high expression levels of HPV16 DNA (SiHa and CaSki, respectively). In addition, a HPV-null CC cell line (C-33A), transfected in order to express the HPV16 E7 oncoprotein as well as two different deletion mutants, was also analyzed. We found that HPV16 E7 expression level was directly related with cervical cancer migration and invasion capabilities and that these HPV16 E7-related features were associated with Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) processes. These effects appeared as strictly attributable to the physical interaction of HPV16 E7 with GSN, since HPV16 E7 deletion mutants unable to bind to GSN were also unable to modify microfilament assembly dynamics and, therefore, cell movements and invasiveness. Altogether, these data profile the importance of the physical interaction between HPV16 E7 and GSN in the acquisition of the metastatic phenotype by CC cells, underscoring the role of HPV16 intracellular load as a risk factor in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Matarrese
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Abbruzzese
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Unit of Cellular Networks and Therapeutic Targets, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Mileo
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Unit of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Vona
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Ascione
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Visca
- Unit of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Rollo
- Unit of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Benevolo
- Unit of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Malorni
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.,Istituto San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco G Paggi
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Unit of Cellular Networks and Therapeutic Targets, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Chiantore MV, Mangino G, Iuliano M, Zangrillo MS, De Lillis I, Vaccari G, Accardi R, Tommasino M, Fiorucci G, Romeo G. IFN-β antiproliferative effect and miRNA regulation in Human Papilloma Virus E6- and E7-transformed keratinocytes. Cytokine 2017; 89:235-238. [PMID: 26748726 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Human Papilloma Viruses (HPVs) are the causative agents of cervical cancer although other types of cancers are associated with HPV infection. Type I Interferons can interfere with HPV E6- and/or E7-dependent transformation and can affect microRNA (miRNA) expression. Cancer cells show a specific pattern of miRNA expression and HPVs are able to modulate miRNAs expressed in infected cells. Keratinocytes transduced with E6 and E7 from mucosal HPV-16 or cutaneous HPV-38 (K16 and K38) were studied to analyze the involvement of HPV oncoproteins in the anti-proliferative activity of IFN-β. In view of our previous data showing senescence induction by the cytokine in K38 cells, we observe that IFN-β treatment leads to p53-indipendent apoptosis in K16 cells whereas induces senescence in K16 cells if E6 is silenced and p53 expression is restored. The levels of selected miRNAs, deregulated in K16 and K38 cells, can be modulated by IFN-β when E6 and E7 proteins of HPV-16, but not HPV-38, are expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vincenza Chiantore
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mangino
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Marco Iuliano
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Maria Simona Zangrillo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Ilaria De Lillis
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Vaccari
- Department of Veterinary Public Health & Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosita Accardi
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Gianna Fiorucci
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romeo
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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7
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Kuo HY, Huang YS, Tseng CH, Chen YC, Chang YW, Shih HM, Wu CW. PML represses lung cancer metastasis by suppressing the nuclear EGFR-mediated transcriptional activation of MMP2. Cell Cycle 2015; 13:3132-42. [PMID: 25486572 DOI: 10.4161/15384101.2014.949212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) is emerging as an important tumor suppressor. Its expression is lost during the progression of several types of cancer, including lung cancer. The EGF receptor (EGFR), a membrane-bound receptor tyrosine kinase, transduces intracellular signals responsible for cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. EGFR activity is frequently abnormally upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) and thus is considered to be a driving oncogene for LAC. EGFR translocates into the nucleus and transcriptionally activates genes, such as CCND1, that promote cell growth. Recently, we demonstrated that PML interacted with nuclear EGFR (nEGFR) and suppressed the nEGFR-mediated transcriptional activation of CCND1 in lung cancer cells, thereby restraining cell growth. When we further investigated the interplay between PML and EGFR in lung cancer metastasis, we found that the matrix metalloprotease-2 gene (MMP2) was a novel nEGFR target gene and was repressed by PML. We provide evidence that nEGFR bound to the AT-rich sequence (ATRS) in the MMP2 promoter and enhanced its transcriptional activity. In addition, we demonstrated that PML repressed nEGFR-induced MMP2 transcription and reduced cell invasion. PML was recruited by nEGFR to the MMP2 promoter where it reduced histone acetylation, leading to the transcriptional repression of MMP2. Finally, we demonstrated that PML upregulation by interferon-β (IFNβ) in lung cancer cells decreased MMP2 expression and cell invasion. Together, our results suggested that IFNβ induced PML to inhibit lung cancer metastasis by repressing the nEGFR-mediated transcriptional activation of MMP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yi Kuo
- a Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ; National Yang Ming University ; Taipei , Taiwan
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8
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Hou T, Ou J, Zhao X, Huang X, Huang Y, Zhang Y. MicroRNA-196a promotes cervical cancer proliferation through the regulation of FOXO1 and p27Kip1. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:1260-8. [PMID: 24423924 PMCID: PMC3950858 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signalling pathway appears to be a key regulator in cervical carcinogenesis. However, the downstream regulatory mechanism of PI3K/Akt signalling remains largely unknown. Methods: The expression of miR-196a in cervical cancer cell lines and cervical cancer tissues was examined using real-time PCR. The effects of miR-196a on PI3K/Akt signalling and cellular proliferation were evaluated by bromodeoxyuridine labelling, 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazoliumbromide, colony formation assays and luciferase assays. Results: The expression level of miR-196a was markedly increased in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines compared with normal cervical tissue and normal cervical squamous cells. Upregulation of miR-196a was correlated with advanced tumour stage and poor overall and recurrence-free survival in cervical cancer patients. Upregulation of miR-196a enhanced G1/S-phase transition and the proliferative ability of cervical cancer cells, whereas suppression of miR-196a had the opposite effect. Using bioinformatics and biological approaches, we showed that FOXO1 and p27Kip1, two key effectors of PI3K/Akt signalling, were direct targets of miR-196a. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that miR-196a has an important role in promoting human cervical cancer cell proliferation and may represent a novel therapeutic target of microRNA-mediated suppression of cell proliferation in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, GD 510060, China
| | - J Ou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, GD 510080, China
| | - X Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, GD 510060, China
| | - X Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, GD 510060, China
| | - Y Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, GD 510060, China
| | - Y Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, GD 510060, China
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9
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Type I interferons induce apoptosis by balancing cFLIP and caspase-8 independent of death ligands. Mol Cell Biol 2012; 33:800-14. [PMID: 23230268 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01430-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferons induce a pleiotropy of responses through binding the same cell surface receptor. Here we investigated the molecular mechanism driving interferon-induced apoptosis. Using a nonbiased small interfering RNA (siRNA) screen, we show that silencing genes whose products are directly engaged in the initiation of interferon signaling completely abrogate the interferon antiproliferative response. Apoptosis-related genes such as the caspase-8, cFLIP, and DR5 genes specifically interfere with interferon-induced apoptosis, which we found to be independent of the activity of death ligands. The one gene for which silencing resulted in the strongest proapoptotic effect upon interferon signaling is the cFLIP gene, where silencing shortened the time of initiation of apoptosis from days to hours and increased dramatically the population of apoptotic cells. Thus, cFLIP serves as a regulator for interferon-induced apoptosis. A shift over time in the balance between cFLIP and caspase-8 results in downstream caspase activation and apoptosis. While gamma interferon (IFN-γ) also causes caspase-8 upregulation, we suggest that it follows a different path to apoptosis.
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10
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Meng F, Zhao X, Zhang S. SHP-2 phosphatase promotes cervical cancer cell proliferation through inhibiting interferon-β production. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2012; 39:272-9. [PMID: 22889324 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2012.01952.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to explore the effect of Src-homology-2-domain-containing protein, tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP-2) on the proliferation of cervical cancer cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 45 patients with cervical cancer (stage I-III), 32 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and 20 healthy subjects were consecutively recruited. The levels of SHP-2 and interferon (IFN)-β expression in cervical tissues were characterized by immunohistochemistry and statistically analyzed by logistic regression. Following knockdown of SHP-2 expression by a siRNA or pre-treatment with a specific peptide, the effect of SHP-2 expression in THP-1 cells on the growth and survival of SiHa cells and on IFN-β production was determined by co-culture assays, 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol (-z-y 1)-3,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, and enzyme immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The levels of SHP-2 expression in cervical cancer tissues were significantly higher than that in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and uterine myoma tissues (P<0.05, respectively), and negatively correlated with the levels of IFN-β expression in these tissues (R=-0.582, P<0.05). Knockdown of SHP-2 expression with SHP-2 siRNA or treatment with the SHP-2-specific blocking peptide in THP-1 cells significantly increased the production of IFN-β (P<0.05, respectively) and inhibited the proliferation of SiHa cells in a co-culture system of THP-1 and SiHa cells (P<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS SHP-2 phosphatase promotes cervical cancer cell proliferation through inhibiting IFN-β production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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11
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Tudoran O, Soritau O, Balacescu O, Balacescu L, Braicu C, Rus M, Gherman C, Virag P, Irimie F, Berindan-Neagoe I. Early transcriptional pattern of angiogenesis induced by EGCG treatment in cervical tumour cells. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 16:520-30. [PMID: 21609393 PMCID: PMC3822928 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01346.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The major green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been shown to exhibit antitumour activities in several tumour models. One of the possible mechanisms by which EGCG can inhibit cancer progression is through the modulation of angiogenesis signalling cascade. The tumour cells’ ability to tightly adhere to endothelium is a very important process in the metastatic process, because once disseminated into the bloodstream the tumour cells must re-establish adhesive connections to endothelium in order to extravasate into the target tissues. In this study, we investigated the anti-angiogenic effects of EGCG treatment (10 μM) on human cervical tumour cells (HeLa) by evaluating the changes in the expression pattern of 84 genes known to be involved in the angiogenesis process. Transcriptional analysis revealed 11 genes to be differentially expressed and was further validated by measuring the induced biological effects. Our results show that EGCG treatment not only leads to the down-regulation of genes involved in the stimulation of proliferation, adhesion and motility as well as invasion processes, but also to the up-regulation of several genes known to have antagonist effects. We observed reduced proliferation rates, adhesion and spreading ability as well as invasiveness of HeLa tumour cells upon treatment, which suggest that EGCG might be an important anti-angiogenic therapeutic approach in cervical cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Tudoran
- 'I. Chiricuta Cancer Institute, Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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12
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Interferon-β induces cellular senescence in cutaneous human papilloma virus-transformed human keratinocytes by affecting p53 transactivating activity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36909. [PMID: 22615843 PMCID: PMC3353995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-β inhibits cell proliferation and affects cell cycle in keratinocytes transformed by both mucosal high risk Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and cutaneous HPV E6 and E7 proteins. In particular, upon longer IFN-β treatments, cutaneous HPV38 expressing cells undergo senescence. IFN-β appears to induce senescence by upregulating the expression of the tumor suppressor PML, a well known IFN-induced gene. Indeed, experiments in gene silencing via specific siRNAs have shown that PML is essential in the execution of the senescence programme and that both p53 and p21 pathways are involved. IFN-β treatment leads to a modulation of p53 phosphorylation and acetylation status and a reduction in the expression of the p53 dominant negative ΔNp73. These effects allow the recovery of p53 transactivating activity of target genes involved in the control of cell proliferation. Taken together, these studies suggest that signaling through the IFN pathway might play an important role in cellular senescence. This additional understanding of IFN antitumor action and mechanisms influencing tumor responsiveness or resistance appears useful in aiding further promising development of biomolecular strategies in the IFN therapy of cancer.
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13
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Xu Y, Tong W, Pan T, Li J, Sun S, Shao J, Ding H, Toyoda T, Yuan Z. Hepatitis C virus NS5B protein delays s phase progression in human hepatocyte-derived cells by relocalizing cyclin-dependent kinase 2-interacting protein (CINP). J Biol Chem 2011; 286:26603-15. [PMID: 21628470 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.225672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle dysregulation is a critical event in virus infection-associated tumorigenesis. Previous studies have suggested that hepatitis C virus NS5B modulates cell cycle progression in addition to participating in RNA synthesis as an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. However, the molecular mechanisms have thus far remained unclear. In this study, a HepG2 Tet-On NS5B stable cell line was generated to confirm the effect of NS5B on the cell cycle. To better understand the role of NS5B in cell cycle regulation, yeast two-hybrid assays were performed using a human liver cDNA library. The cyclin-dependent kinase 2-interacting protein (CINP) was identified. The interaction between NS5B and CINP was further demonstrated by in vivo and in vitro assays, and their association was found to be indispensable for S phase delay and cell proliferation suppression. Further experiments indicated that NS5B relocalized CINP from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Directly knocking down CINP by specific siRNA resulted in a significant alteration in the DNA damage response and expression of cell cycle checkpoint proteins, including an increase in p21 and a decrease in phosphorylated Retinoblastoma and Chk1. Similar results were observed in cells expressing NS5B, and the effects were partially reversed upon ectopic overexpression of CINP. These studies suggest that the DNA damage response might be exploited by NS5B to hinder cell cycle progression. Taken together, our data demonstrate that NS5B delays cells in S phase through interaction with CINP and relocalization of the protein from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Such effects might contribute to hepatitis C virus persistence and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
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14
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Receptor density is key to the alpha2/beta interferon differential activities. Mol Cell Biol 2009; 29:4778-87. [PMID: 19564411 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01808-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple type I interferons (IFN-alpha/beta) elicit Jak/Stat activation, rapid gene induction, and pleiotropic effects, such as differentiation, antiviral protection, and blocks in proliferation, which are dependent on the IFN subtype and the cellular context. To date, ligand- and receptor-specific molecular determinants underlying IFN-alpha/beta differential activities or potencies have been well characterized. To analyze cellular determinants that impact subtype-specific potency, human fibrosarcoma U5A-derived clones, exhibiting a gradient of IFN sensitivity by virtue of increasing receptor levels, were monitored for Jak/Stat signaling, gene induction, cell cycle lengthening, and apoptosis. In cells with scarce receptors, IFN-beta was more potent than IFN-alpha2 in antiproliferative activity, while the two subtypes were equipotent in all other readouts. Conversely, in cells with abundant receptors, IFN-alpha2 matched or even surpassed IFN-beta in all readouts tested. Our results suggest that the differential activities of the IFN subtypes are dictated not only by the intrinsic ligand/receptor binding kinetics but also by the density of cell surface receptor components.
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15
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Reineke EL, Kao HY. Targeting promyelocytic leukemia protein: a means to regulating PML nuclear bodies. Int J Biol Sci 2009; 5:366-76. [PMID: 19471587 PMCID: PMC2686094 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.5.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) is involved in many cellular processes including cell cycle progression, DNA damage response, transcriptional regulation, viral infection, and apoptosis. These cellular activities often rely on the localization of PML to unique subnuclear structures known as PML nuclear bodies (NBs). More than 50 cellular proteins are known to traffic in and out of PML NBs, either transiently or constitutively. In order to understand the dynamics of these NBs, it is important to delineate the regulation of PML itself. PML is subject to extensive regulation at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. Many of these modes of regulation depend on the cellular context and the presence of extracellular signals. This review focuses on the current knowledge of regulation of PML under normal cellular conditions as well as the role for regulation of PML in viral infection and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Reineke
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and the Comprehensive Cancer Center of CWRU, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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16
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Lum M, Croze E, Wagner C, McLenachan S, Mitrovic B, Turnley AM. Inhibition of neurosphere proliferation by IFNgamma but not IFNbeta is coupled to neuronal differentiation. J Neuroimmunol 2008; 206:32-8. [PMID: 19027965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2008.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2008] [Revised: 10/16/2008] [Accepted: 10/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Interferons are produced following neural damage as part of the inflammatory response and may thus affect neural stem cell function. We compared the effects of interferon-gamma and interferon-beta on the proliferation and differentiation of adult murine neural progenitors. Both interferons inhibited neurosphere proliferation due to cell cycle arrest in G1 but only interferon-gamma induced neuronal differentiation. Both interferons induced differential phosphorylation of STAT proteins and a modest and late upregulation of the cell cycle regulator p27 but not several other likely cell cycle regulators. Thus in neural progenitor cells, anti-proliferative effects of interferons are not necessarily linked to differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lum
- Centre for Neuroscience, University of Melbourne VIC 3010, Australia
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17
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Naka K, Dansako H, Kobayashi N, Ikeda M, Kato N. Hepatitis C virus NS5B delays cell cycle progression by inducing interferon-beta via Toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway without replicating viral genomes. Virology 2005; 346:348-62. [PMID: 16325882 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2005.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2005] [Revised: 08/11/2005] [Accepted: 10/18/2005] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus (HCV), we have studied the effects of HCV proteins using human hepatocytes. Here, we found that HCV NS5B, an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, delayed cell cycle progression through the S phase in PH5CH8 immortalized human hepatocyte cells. Since treatment with anti-interferon (IFN)-beta neutralizing antibody restored the cell cycle delay, IFN-beta was deemed responsible for the cell cycle delay in NS5B-expressing PH5CH8 cells. The induction of IFN-beta and the cell cycle delay were overridden by the down-regulation of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) through RNA interference in NS5B-expressing PH5CH8 cells. Moreover, the NS5B full form was required for the cell cycle delay, the induction of IFN-beta, and the activation of the IFN-beta signaling pathway. Our findings revealed that NS5B induced IFN-beta through the TLR3 signaling pathway in immortalized human hepatocytes even without replicating viral genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhito Naka
- Department of Molecular Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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18
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Vannucchi S, Chiantore MV, Fiorucci G, Percario ZA, Leone S, Affabris E, Romeo G. TRAIL is a key target in S-phase slowing-dependent apoptosis induced by interferon-beta in cervical carcinoma cells. Oncogene 2005; 24:2536-46. [PMID: 15735750 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1208403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-beta induces S-phase slowing and apoptosis in human papilloma virus (HPV)-positive cervical carcinoma cell line ME-180. Here, we show that apoptosis is a consequence of the S-phase lengthening imposed by IFN-beta, demonstrating the functional correlation between S-phase alteration and apoptosis induction. In ME-180 cells, where p53 function is inhibited by HPV E6 oncoprotein, IFN-beta effects on cell cycle and apoptosis occur independently of p53. The apoptosis due to IFN-beta is mediated by the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in a manner dependent on the S-phase deregulation. IFN-beta appears to increase TRAIL expression both directly at the mRNA level and indirectly by augmenting surface protein levels as a consequence of the induced S-phase cell accumulation. Moreover, the alteration of the S-phase due to IFN-beta promotes TRAIL-dependent apoptosis by potentiating cell sensitivity to TRAIL, possibly through induction of a proapoptotic NF-kappaB activity and TRAIL-R2 receptor expression. Interestingly, IFN-beta-induced TRAIL-dependent apoptotic events strongly differ in the requirement of caspase activity. These results show that IFN-beta may induce an apoptotic response by deregulating cell cycle. Understanding the linkage between these mechanisms appears to be of primary importance in the search for new IFN-based therapeutic strategies to circumvent cancer disease or improve clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Vannucchi
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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19
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Wilailak S, Dangprasert S, Srisupundit S. Phase I clinical trial of chemoimmunotherapy in combination with radiotherapy in stage IIIB cervical cancer patients. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2004; 13:652-6. [PMID: 14675350 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1438.2003.13300.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the feasibility and toxicity of a chemoimmunotherapy regimen in combination with radiotherapy in stage IIIB cervical cancer patients, cisplatin 10-20 mg/m(2) intravenous (iv) weekly, 5-fluorouracil (5FU) 500 mg/m(2) (24-h infusion) weekly, interferon alpha-2a 3 MU subcutaneously 3 days a week, and 13-cis-retinoic acid 0.5 mg/kg/day orally were given in concurrence with 8-week period of radiotherapy and continued for another 4 weeks after finishing radiotherapy. The dose of cisplatin was escalated from 10 mg/m2 in the first group of three patients (level 1) to 15 mg/m(2) in the second group of three patients (level 2) and to 20 mg/m(2) in the third group of two patients (level 3) if the former groups could tolerate the drugs well. Patients in levels 1 and 2 had tolerable toxicities. Two patients in level 3 experienced grade 4 leukopenia, so chemoimmunotherapy was discontinued after 2 and 3 cycles orderly. After recovery from toxicities, they continued with radiotherapy. In conclusion, cisplatin 15 mg/m2, 5-FU 500 mg/m(2) weekly, interferon alpha-2a 3 MU subcutaneously 3 days a week, and 13-cis-retinoic acid 0.5 mg/kg/day orally in combination with radiotherapy in stage IIIB cervical cancer patients is tolerable. Leukopenia is the dose-limiting toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wilailak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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20
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Eskiw CH, Bazett-Jones DP. The promyelocytic leukemia nuclear body: sites of activity? Biochem Cell Biol 2003; 80:301-10. [PMID: 12123283 DOI: 10.1139/o02-079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear body is one of many subnuclear domains in the eukaryotic cell nucleus. It has received much attention in the past few years because it accumulates the promyelocytic leukemia protein called PML. This protein is implicated in many nuclear events and is found as a fusion with the retinoic acid receptor RARalpha in leukemic cells. The importance of PML bodies in cell differentiation and growth is implicated in acute promyelocitic leukemia cells, which do not contain PML bodies. Treatment of patients with drugs that reverse the disease phenotype also causes PML bodies to reform. In this review, we discuss the structure, composition, and dynamics that may provide insights into the function of PML bodies. We also discuss the repsonse of PML bodies to cellular stresses, such as virus infection and heat shock. We interpret the changes that occur as evidence for a role of these structures in gene transcription. We also examine the role of the posttranslational modification. SUMO-1 addition, in directing proteins to this nuclear body. Characterization of the mobility of PML body associated proteins further supports a role in specific nuclear events, rather than the bodies resulting from random accumulations of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher H Eskiw
- Programme in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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21
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Watanabe T, Ichihara M, Hashimoto M, Shimono K, Shimoyama Y, Nagasaka T, Murakumo Y, Murakami H, Sugiura H, Iwata H, Ishiguro N, Takahashi M. Characterization of gene expression induced by RET with MEN2A or MEN2B mutation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2002; 161:249-56. [PMID: 12107109 PMCID: PMC1850689 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)64176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Germ-line point mutations of the RET gene are responsible for multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2A and 2B that develop medullary thyroid carcinoma and pheochromocytoma. We performed a differential display analysis of gene expression using NIH 3T3 cells expressing the RET-MEN2A or RET-MEN2B mutant proteins. As a consequence, we identified 10 genes induced by both mutant proteins and eight genes repressed by them. The inducible genes include cyclin D1, cathepsins B and L, and cofilin genes that are known to be involved in cell growth, tumor progression, and invasion. In contrast, the repressed genes include type I collagen, lysyl oxidase, annexin I, and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3) genes that have been implicated in tumor suppression. In addition, six RET-MEN2A- and five RET-MEN2B-inducible genes were identified. Among 21 genes induced by RET-MEN2A and/or RET-MEN2B, six genes including cyclin D1, cathepsin B, cofilin, ring finger protein 11 (RNF11), integrin-alpha6, and stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) genes were also induced in TGW human neuroblastoma cells in response to glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor stimulation. Because the STC1 gene was found to be highly induced by both RET-MEN2B and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor stimulation, and the expression of its product was detected in medullary thyroid carcinoma with the MEN2B mutation by immunohistochemistry, this may suggest a possible role for STC1 in the development of MEN 2B phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Watanabe
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Romeo G, Fiorucci G, Chiantore MV, Percario ZA, Vannucchi S, Affabris E. IRF-1 as a negative regulator of cell proliferation. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2002; 22:39-47. [PMID: 11846974 DOI: 10.1089/107999002753452647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous evidence has demonstrated the involvement in growth control of interferon (IFN) regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), which shows tumor suppressor activity. IRF-1 is a well-studied member of the IRF transcription factors that reveals functional diversity in the regulation of cellular response by activating expression of a diverse set of target genes, depending on the cell type and on the specific stimuli. IRF-1 gene rearrangements may be a crucial point in the pathogenesis of some cancer types. Furthermore, different aspects of the tumor suppressor function of IRF-1 may be explained, at least in part, by the observations that IRF-1 is a regulator of cell cycle and apoptosis and that its inactivation accelerates cell transformation. Studies on gene knockout mice contributed greatly to the clarification of these multiple IRF-1 functions. We summarize our current knowledge of the antigrowth effect of IRF-1, focusing also on a more general involvement of IRF-1 in mediating negative regulation of cell growth induced by numerous cytokines and other biologic response modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Romeo
- Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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